CN108899648B - Broadband high-gain antenna applied to brain activity detection - Google Patents
Broadband high-gain antenna applied to brain activity detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN108899648B CN108899648B CN201810723841.3A CN201810723841A CN108899648B CN 108899648 B CN108899648 B CN 108899648B CN 201810723841 A CN201810723841 A CN 201810723841A CN 108899648 B CN108899648 B CN 108899648B
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- 230000007177 brain activity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 33
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000014644 Brain disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010008111 Cerebral haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001149 cognitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008560 physiological behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H01Q15/18—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures comprising plurality of mutually inclined plane surfaces, e.g. corner reflector
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/106—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using two or more intersecting plane surfaces, e.g. corner reflector antennas
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband high-gain antenna applied to brain activity detection, which consists of an irregular butterfly-shaped metal patch, a metal parasitic strip, a complementary ring and a metal reflecting cavity. According to the invention, a butterfly antenna is adopted as an antenna optimization basic structure, an irregular butterfly radiation patch is formed on the front surface of the antenna by adding parasitic strips on the butterfly patch, and a coplanar waveguide wire is used for feeding, wherein the coplanar waveguide structure is positioned between two irregular butterfly arms; and adding a complementary ring structure on the back surface, and increasing the complementary ring electrical length by grooving the triangular metal region of the complementary structure so as to achieve the purpose of miniaturization. Meanwhile, a gradual change three-layer reflecting cavity is arranged below the antenna, and the cavity is formed by a gradual change rectangular ladder structure. The invention can realize high gain of the antenna broadband and has the characteristics of low cost, simple structure and easy conformation with the brain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field, in particular to a broadband high-gain antenna applied to brain activity detection.
Background
Currently, brain science development is in an important spanning development period, and a significant breakthrough for changing human life can be generated at any time. The brain characterizes and controls the mental activities and various physiological behaviors of the whole person through the brain nerve signals. The brain is a central controller that humans receive and store information from the outside world, and any computer is not comparable to it. The brain controls the vital activities and advanced thinking of various organs in the human body and has the ability to learn and evolve itself. Advanced mental activities of the brain are the most important support for humans fundamentally distinguishing from other animals, remodelling and cognitive natures. Thus, there is a need to study new techniques for non-invasive brain activity detection in vivo to serve the human medical community, while interpreting brain activity and its corresponding features in relation to brain disease from a new perspective.
With the development of antenna technology, high gain and broadband have great development potential in the microwave detection of brain activity, and in order to further detect the state of deep brain activity, the broadband high gain work can be realized by reasonably designing the structure of the antenna. The prior art is searched, and the Chinese patent publication No. CN105832331 discloses a non-contact cerebral hemorrhage detection device based on broadband technology and a detection method thereof, wherein the microstrip antenna adopts an ultra-thick dielectric layer, a short-circuit wall grounding technology and an antenna folding structure, and the overall dimension length and width are 49mm multiplied by 24mm multiplied by 14mm, and the antenna has the advantages of simple structure, small dimension, low gain and narrow bandwidth.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low gain and narrow bandwidth in the prior art. The broadband high-gain antenna applied to brain activity detection has the characteristics of simple structure, small size, high gain and wide frequency band.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:
A broadband high-gain antenna applied to brain activity detection, wherein the antenna comprises an irregular butterfly-shaped coplanar waveguide antenna and a metal reflection cavity with a cross-sectional area larger than that of the coplanar waveguide antenna, and the metal reflection cavity comprises a graded three-layer stepped reflection cavity; the front surface of the coplanar waveguide antenna comprises two symmetrical irregular butterfly-shaped metal patches, a coplanar waveguide wire for feeding is connected between the two butterfly-shaped metal patches, and rectangular parasitic strips are arranged at intervals on the other sides of the two butterfly-shaped metal patches; the back of the coplanar waveguide antenna is a complementary ring which is complementary with the front of the irregular butterfly-shaped coplanar waveguide antenna, and the complementary ring is provided with a groove; the three-layer stepped reflecting cavity is of a horn-like cavity structure formed by three layers of gradually changing steps.
The overall size of the feed structure of the invention is optimal to be 6mm x 8mm, and the overall antenna miniaturization can be realized. The two sides of the butterfly arm patch are parasitic strips with a certain distance, and the parasitic strips have the function of widening the bandwidth of the antenna. The back of the antenna is of a ring structure complementary with the front, and the triangular structure area of the complementary ring is grooved to increase the electric length of the complementary ring, so that the function of controlling the expansion of the working frequency band to low frequency is achieved.
In the above scheme, in order to optimize and increase the gain and improve the impedance characteristic of the frequency band, the three-layer stepped reflection cavity further comprises three layers of metal plates, wherein the bottommost metal plate extends in equal proportion outwards from the cross section of the coplanar waveguide antenna, the middle layer metal plate extends in equal proportion outwards from the bottommost metal plate, and the highest layer metal plate extends in equal proportion outwards from the middle metal plate.
Further, the complementary ring extends outwardly in equal proportion based on the size of the front butterfly metal patch.
Further, the distance between the highest layer metal plate and the back surface of the coplanar waveguide antenna is lambda 0/4, wherein lambda 0 is the central frequency wavelength of the coplanar waveguide antenna.
Further, the irregular butterfly center, the complementary ring center and the three-layer stepped reflection cavity center on the front surface of the coplanar waveguide antenna are located on the same vertical line.
Further, one butterfly-shaped metal patch is connected with an inner core of the SMA joint through a middle through hole, and the other butterfly-shaped metal patch is connected to an outer core of the SMA joint through an upper through hole and a lower through hole.
Further, the included angle between two triangular sides of the two butterfly-shaped metal patches intersecting at the origin is 82 DEG
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the metal radiation patch is fed through the coplanar waveguide line. The metal reflecting cavity can enable the antenna to realize directional radiation and improve gain. The electric length of the antenna is increased by slotting on the complementary ring on the back of the antenna, so that the miniaturization of the antenna is realized, and meanwhile, the impedance bandwidth of the microstrip antenna is effectively widened by changing the butterfly patch into an irregular shape and adding parasitic strips on two sides of the butterfly arm. In addition, through simulation design, the size of the antenna is 66mm multiplied by 62mm, the caliber of the reflecting cavity is slightly larger than that of the antenna, the distance between the first layer cavity wall and the antenna is lambda 0/4, and lambda 0 is the wavelength of 1.8GHz of the central frequency of the antenna body. The bandwidth covers 1.1GHz-2.2GHz. In addition, the invention can realize the low-frequency high-gain of the antenna and has the characteristics of low cost, simple structure and easy conformation with the brain.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure of the present embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the antenna of the present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the antenna according to the present embodiment
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the reflective cavity structure of the present embodiment.
Fig. 5 is an impedance bandwidth characteristic diagram of the present embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a gain characteristic diagram of the present embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a simulated radiation pattern at the center frequency for this embodiment.
The reference numerals are as follows: the three-layer ladder reflection type antenna comprises a 1-irregular butterfly-shaped metal radiation patch, a 2-butterfly-shaped metal coplanar ground, a 3-feed coplanar waveguide wire, a 4-slotted complementary ring, a 5-three-layer gradual change ladder reflection cavity, a first-layer ladder reflection rectangular cavity-5-1, a second-layer ladder reflection rectangular cavity-5-2 and a third-layer ladder reflection rectangular cavity-5-3; a first coupling rectangular bar-6-1; and a second coupling rectangular bar-6-2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a broadband high-gain antenna applied to brain activity detection, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises an antenna body, wherein the antenna body mainly takes a butterfly antenna as an optimized basic structure, the front surface of the antenna is provided with two irregular butterfly-shaped metal patches 1 which are optimally adjusted, and a coplanar waveguide wire 3 for feeding is arranged between two butterfly-shaped metal arms; the back of the antenna is a metal ring 4 which is complementary with the irregular butterfly-shaped metal patch on the front of the antenna, and a three-layer gradual change stepped reflection cavity is overlapped under the antenna main body.
The antenna in this embodiment is rectangular as a whole, and the reflective cavity below the antenna is in a horn shape formed by overlapping three layers of rectangular cavities with different antenna sizes and increased proportion.
In this embodiment, in order to improve performance, the two irregular butterfly-shaped metal patches 1 of the antenna are complementary in shape to the complementary ring 4 with the slot on the back, the reflective cavity 5 directly below the two irregular butterfly-shaped metal patches is slightly larger than the antenna in size, and the centers of the two irregular butterfly-shaped metal patches are located on the same vertical line.
The radiation patch on the front face of the antenna main body takes a pair of regular butterfly radiation sheets as an optimization basis, two butterfly metal patch arms are symmetrical and identical about a longitudinal axis, and an included angle between two triangular sides of the butterfly metal patch which are intersected at an origin is 82 degrees.
Meanwhile, a first coupling rectangular strip 6-1 and a second coupling rectangular strip 6-2 are added at a certain position on two sides of two butterfly-shaped metal arms, so that two coupling gaps are formed between the butterfly-shaped metal patch and the rectangular parasitic strip, more resonance points are added, and the purpose of widening the bandwidth of the antenna is achieved.
The regular butterfly-shaped metal arms are modified and adjusted, four longitudinal rectangular strips with the same size are added to the regular butterfly-shaped metal arms, and the impedance characteristics of the antenna are improved by adjusting the sizes of the rectangular strips and the distances between the rectangular strips.
The feeding structure of the antenna is arranged between two butterfly-shaped metal patches on the front surface of the antenna, the feeding mode of the main antenna structure is that a coplanar waveguide feeder is adopted, and the whole size of the feeding structure is only 6mm multiplied by 8mm. The right arm of butterfly links to each other with the inner core that SMA connects through the through-hole in the middle, and the left arm links to each other with the outer core that SMA connects through two upper and lower through-holes. The feed structure 3 is connected with the butterfly right arm through a metal microstrip feeder line. The width and length of the metal microstrip feed line satisfy a characteristic impedance of 50Ω under the current substrate material.
The back of the antenna main body is an irregular complementary ring 4, and the upper triangular metal sheet and the lower triangular metal sheet of the complementary ring 4 are symmetrically identical about the transverse axis. By transversely cutting the triangular region to reduce the overlapping area of the back ring and the front feed part 3, the influence of mutual coupling between the front and back radiating metal plates is reduced. And meanwhile, the bottom edge of the triangular region is grooved, and the electric length of the complementary ring is increased, so that the coverage of the bandwidth to the low frequency point of 1.2GHz is realized.
A horn-like reflecting cavity is used right below the antenna to replace a traditional reflecting plate, so that the purpose of improving the gain of the antenna is achieved. The reflecting cavity is a three-layer gradual change ladder cavity with the whole volume larger than that of the antenna, and the center of the cavity and the center of the antenna are positioned on the same vertical line. The bottommost metal plate of the metal reflective cavity extends 27.5mm in proportion to the overall size of the antenna and is spaced from the antenna by a distance λ0/4, where λ0 is the wavelength of 1.8GHz of the center frequency of the antenna body. On the transverse axis, the second and third steps extend 2mm and 3mm, respectively, as compared to the first reflective backplane. On the longitudinal axis surface, the first layer, the second layer and the third layer of steps extend upwards to heights of 30mm, 5mm and 10mm respectively, and a cavity structure similar to a loudspeaker is formed by three layers of gradual-change steps with unequal heights. Wherein the third step is slightly higher than the antenna surface layer by 5mm, and can play a role of guiding.
The thicknesses of the metal butterfly-shaped radiation patch 1, the coplanar waveguide feeder line 3 and the complementary ring 4 on the back of the antenna, which are covered on the front surface of the dielectric substrate, are extremely small relative to the thickness of the dielectric substrate, and the dielectric substrate is coated with copper in terms of technology.
Changing the distance between the tri-layer graded metal reflective cavity 5 and the antenna body, or changing the height of the reflective cavity, will change the gain of the antenna it is designed to. Through optimization, when the distance between the first layer metal plate of the metal reflecting cavity and the complementary metal ring on the back surface of the antenna is lambda 0/4, lambda 0 is the central frequency wavelength of the antenna body, the back lobe radiation of the antenna can be effectively reduced, and therefore the directivity of the antenna is improved, and the gain of the antenna is improved.
By changing the distance between the second-layer gradation steps 5-2 and the third-layer gradation steps 5-3, the impedance characteristics of the antenna are also improved accordingly.
Through optimization, when the distance between the first layer gradual change ladder 5-1 and the second layer gradual change ladder 5-2 is 30mm, and the distance between the second layer gradual change ladder layer 5-2 and the third layer gradual change ladder 5-3 in the vertical direction is 10mm and 15mm respectively, the impedance characteristic and the gain of the antenna are balanced well.
Fig. 4-6 are graphs of impedance bandwidth, axial ratio bandwidth, and gain characteristics, respectively, of the present invention. The reflection coefficient of the broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna is smaller than-10 dB in the frequency band range of 1.1 GHz-2.2 GHz, and the relative impedance bandwidth is 66.6%. In the range of 1.6 GHz-2.2 GHz, the gain is larger than 8dB, the maximum gain reaches 9.42dB, and the average gain in the impedance bandwidth is 8.14dB.
Fig. 7 is a simulated radiation pattern at a center frequency of the present invention. The 3dB beam width of the broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna at 1.8GHz is 70.8 degrees, and the engineering process of the embodiment is as follows: the coplanar waveguide feeder 3 is externally connected with a signal source, an external excitation signal passes through the right arm of the irregular butterfly-shaped metal patch, the energy coupling antenna is provided with a grooved complementary metal ring on the back surface, and the energy is radiated out through the metal radiation patch 1, the butterfly-shaped metal coplanar ground 2 and the grooved complementary ring 4, so that the wireless communication function is completed. And then the antenna is subjected to directional radiation by adopting a three-layer gradual change ladder metal reflecting cavity 5, the impedance characteristic of the antenna in a bandwidth frequency band is improved by adopting the gradual change ladder structure, and finally the purpose of broadband high gain is realized. The embodiment has the characteristics of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and easy conformation with the brain besides the broadband high-gain characteristic.
While the foregoing describes the illustrative embodiments of the present invention so that those skilled in the art may understand the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and all inventive innovations utilizing the inventive concepts are herein within the scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, as long as the various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A broadband high gain antenna for brain activity detection, characterized by: the antenna comprises an irregular butterfly-shaped coplanar waveguide antenna and a metal reflecting cavity, wherein the cross section area of the metal reflecting cavity is larger than that of the coplanar waveguide antenna, and the metal reflecting cavity comprises three layers of gradient reflecting cavities;
the front surface of the coplanar waveguide antenna comprises two symmetrical irregular butterfly-shaped metal patches, a coplanar waveguide wire for feeding is connected between the two butterfly-shaped metal patches, and rectangular parasitic strips are arranged at intervals on the other sides of the two butterfly-shaped metal patches;
The back of the coplanar waveguide antenna is a complementary ring which is complementary with the front of the irregular butterfly-shaped coplanar waveguide antenna, and the complementary ring is provided with a groove;
the three-layer stepped reflecting cavity is of a horn-like cavity structure formed by three layers of gradually changing steps;
The coplanar waveguide line is connected with the butterfly right arm through the metal microstrip feeder line, and the width and the length of the metal microstrip feeder line meet the characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.
2. The wideband high gain antenna for brain activity detection according to claim 1, wherein: the three-layer stepped reflection cavity comprises three layers of metal plates, wherein the bottommost metal plate extends outwards in equal proportion according to the cross section of the coplanar waveguide antenna, the middle layer metal plate extends outwards in equal proportion on the basis of the bottommost metal plate, and the highest layer metal plate extends outwards in equal proportion on the basis of the middle metal plate.
3. The wideband high gain antenna for brain activity detection according to claim 2, wherein: the back spacing distance of the bottommost metal plate and the coplanar waveguide antenna is lambda 0/4, wherein lambda 0 is the central frequency wavelength of the coplanar waveguide antenna.
4. The wideband high gain antenna for brain activity detection according to claim 1, wherein: the complementary ring extends outwardly in equal proportion based on the size of the front butterfly metal patch.
5. The wideband high gain antenna for brain activity detection according to claim 1, wherein: the front irregular butterfly center, the complementary ring center and the three-layer stepped reflection cavity center of the coplanar waveguide antenna are positioned on the same vertical line.
6. The wideband high gain antenna for brain activity detection according to claim 1, wherein: one butterfly-shaped metal patch is connected with an inner core of the SMA joint through a middle through hole, and the other butterfly-shaped metal patch is connected to an outer core of the SMA joint through an upper through hole and a lower through hole.
7. A wideband high gain antenna for brain activity detection according to any of claims 1-6, wherein: the included angle between two triangular sides of the two butterfly-shaped metal patches intersecting at the origin is 82 degrees.
8. The wideband high gain antenna for brain activity detection as claimed in claim 7, wherein: four longitudinal rectangular strips with the same size are arranged on the butterfly-shaped metal patch.
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| CN109777733B (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2022-02-01 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 | Microwave biological effect irradiation device |
| CN109841952B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2021-02-26 | 湖南赛博诺格电子科技有限公司 | Miniaturized antenna based on fold microstrip line |
| CN110108372B (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2024-06-18 | 杭州电力设备制造有限公司 | Keke with wireless passive temperature sensing device |
| CN110137675B (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2021-03-12 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Antenna unit and terminal equipment |
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