CN108896738A - A kind of method that can automatically continuously measure farmland ammonia volatilization - Google Patents
A kind of method that can automatically continuously measure farmland ammonia volatilization Download PDFInfo
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- CN108896738A CN108896738A CN201810750008.8A CN201810750008A CN108896738A CN 108896738 A CN108896738 A CN 108896738A CN 201810750008 A CN201810750008 A CN 201810750008A CN 108896738 A CN108896738 A CN 108896738A
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Chinese gallotannin Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MPNNOLHYOHFJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxyphosphoric acid Chemical compound OOP(O)(O)=O MPNNOLHYOHFJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/004—CO or CO2
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/0054—Ammonia
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0062—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the measuring method or the display, e.g. intermittent measurement or digital display
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/245—Earth materials for agricultural purposes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method that can automatically continuously measure farmland ammonia volatilization, including will automatically continuously measure soil CO2The soil respirator of flux and automatically determine NH3The automatic continuous observation of field ammonia volatilization is realized in the ammonia analyzer series connection of concentration.Method provided by the invention will automatically continuously measure soil CO2The soil respirator of flux and automatically determine NH3The ammonia analyzer of concentration is connected, and the automatic continuous observation of field ammonia volatilization is realized, and continuous observation can obtain complete farmland ammonia volatilization Daily variation, season dynamic, be conducive to the ammonia volatilization amount for more correctly calculating farmland；Continuous observation, which also has, utilizes the preferably influence to farmland ammonia volatilization such as evaluation fertilising, irrigation and meteorological factor.
Description
Technical field
Field of environment engineering technology of the present invention, more particularly to a kind of method that can automatically continuously measure farmland ammonia volatilization.
Background technique
The method of measurement field ammonia volatilization at present mainly has venting method and degassing method.Venting method ammonia acquisition equipment is poly- by one
The sponge of vinyl chloride plastic conduit and two panels dipping peroxophosphoric acid glycerite is constituted, and structure is simple.Impregnate every piece of sponge ventilation
The 3.8% of area can guarantee the air circulation of the soil surface and sponge and external environment in device, lower layer during test
Sponge absorbs the ammonia of soil volatilization, and upper layer sponge absorbs ammonia in air, and prevents it from entering in device and being absorbed by lower layer sponge.
According to the ammonia that lower layer sponge absorbs in certain period of time, the average volatile quantity of ammonia in this time can be calculated.This method
Shortcoming be to be sampled as full manual operation, need timing replace sponge, the sampling time of a sample is longer, general one
It is 1-3 days, it is difficult to obtain the Daily variation of farmland ammonia volatilization in one day.
Degassing method is handled the gas exchanges in closed container by air pump, the ammonia of volatilization is absorbed through peracid absorbing liquid, so
The ammonia in sour absorbing liquid is quantitative determined afterwards, and the ammonia volatilization amount of a period of time is calculated according to the ammonia of extraction flow and absorption.It grinds
Study carefully and shows that Ventilation Rate is a key factor for influencing ammonia volatilization in this case, when Ventilation Rate very little, ammonia volatilization
Seldom, ammonia volatilization increases with the increase of Ventilation Rate, and when ventilation frequency reaches 15-20 times per minute, ammonia volatilization is i.e. close to maximum
Value.The shortcomings that this method is also that full manual operation, heavy workload, and ammonia volatilization amount are larger by ventilation frequency influence, sensitivity
It is low.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, agriculture can automatically continuously be measured by providing one kind
The method of field ammonia volatilization.
A kind of method that can automatically continuously measure farmland ammonia volatilization, including will automatically continuously measure soil CO2Flux
Soil respirator and automatically determine NH3The automatic continuous observation of field ammonia volatilization is realized in the ammonia analyzer series connection of concentration.
Further, method as described above, including：Port Multiplier, the CO of multichannel soil carbon flux automatic measurement system2
Analyzer and NH3Analyzer；
The gas outlet of Port Multiplier and NH3The air inlet of analyzer is connected, NH3The gas outlet of analyzer and CO2Analyzer air inlet
Mouth is connected, CO2The air inlet of analyzer gas outlet and Port Multiplier passes through CO2The original-pack pipeline of analyzer is connected, Port Multiplier and sampling
Gas chamber be connected, gas chamber pedestal be inserted into agricultural land soil 3-5cm, by Temperature and water content in soil pop one's head in insertion soil 5cm place simultaneously and gas chamber
On probe interface be connected.
Further, method as described above connects and is tied with heating tape on the tracheae of gas chamber and Port Multiplier.
Beneficial effect：
Method provided by the invention will automatically continuously measure soil CO2The soil respirator of flux and automatically determine NH3It is dense
The ammonia analyzer of degree is connected, and realizes the automatic continuous observation of field ammonia volatilization, continuous observation can obtain complete farmland
Ammonia volatilization Daily variation, season dynamic, are conducive to the ammonia volatilization amount for more correctly calculating farmland；Continuous observation also has using preferably
The influence to farmland ammonia volatilization such as evaluation fertilising, irrigation and meteorological factor.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution below in the present invention carries out clear
Chu is fully described by, it is clear that described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The principle of the method for METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION farmland of the present invention ammonia volatilization is：
The method of the present invention borrows the confined chamber sampling box of soil respirator and its automatic shutter case system connects automatically to realize
Continuous observation, and ammonia concentration is then by the continuous automatic Observation of ammonia analyzer, to realize the continuous from in-motion viewing of field emission intensity
It surveys, i.e.,：The enclosed sampling room of soil respirator acquires NH3, then by collected NH3It is conveyed to ammonia analyzer, passes through ammonia
Analyzer measures NH3Incrementss, pass through measurement NH3Incrementss ammonia volatilization amount is calculated, so realize field ammonia volatilization
Automatic continuous observation.The automatic shutter case system can automatically control the opening and closing of closed sampling box, may be implemented one
Different time sections continuous observation farmland emission intensity amount in it.
Apparatus needed for ammonia volatilization measuring method prepares.The present invention needs to use LI-8150 multichannel soil carbon flux
Automatic measurement system (or other brands have the instrument of automatically continuously measurement soil carbon flux, contain independent CO2Analyzer,
Port Multiplier (8 channels or 16 channels) and the sampling gas chamber for connecting Port Multiplier, analyzer, Port Multiplier and gas chamber all have it is independent into
Port and gas outlet, gas chamber pass through Port Multiplier automatic control of opening/closing), the ammonia analyzer with independent air inlet and air outlet
(measurement frequency 1Hz or more than), heating tape, Teflon tracheae, AC power source (place of spread of voltage need to be using UPS electricity
Source), sampling cart (for placing sampling instrument, band exhaust fan in cart, length is respectively 2m, 1.2m and 1m).
Sampling apparatus is installed.By Port Multiplier, the CO of LI-8150 multichannel soil carbon flux automatic measurement system2Analyzer
And NH3Analyzer is placed in parallel in sampling cart.Gas outlet and the CO of Port Multiplier will be connected2The tracheae of analyzer air inlet is equal
Connect two-way joint, the outlet of Port Multiplier gas outlet pipeline two-way joint and NH3The air inlet of analyzer is connected, NH3Analyzer
Gas outlet passes through two-way joint and CO2The tracheae of analyzer air inlet is connected, CO2The air inlet of analyzer gas outlet and Port Multiplier
Pass through CO2The original-pack pipeline of analyzer is connected.Port Multiplier is connected with sampling gas chamber, the tracheae for connecting gas chamber and Port Multiplier is wrapped with
To reduce absorption of the ammonia on tracheae, gas chamber pedestal is inserted into agricultural land soil 3-5cm, Temperature and water content in soil is popped one's head in heating tape
It is connected at insertion soil 5cm and with the probe interface on gas chamber, CO can be achieved in this way2Analyzer and NH3Analyzer is series-like
State, analyzer air inlet are provided by gas chamber via Port Multiplier, and the gas analyzed returns again to gas chamber via Port Multiplier, guarantee gas chamber
Interior air pressure balance.By LI-8150 multichannel soil carbon flux automatic measurement system and NH3Analyzer connects alternating current respectively
Source.
Sample acquisition.Successively operation LI-8150 multichannel soil carbon flux automatic measurement system and NH3Analyzer, by two
The time of kind instrument is set as synchronous.Sampling setting is carried out to soil carbon flux automatic measurement system, by a sampling period (gas chamber
It is in close state) it is arranged in 90s or so, and sample cyclic (may be provided at 5 minutes or more circulation primaries) is set, exist in this way
Continuous automatic measurement soil CO2While flux, the continuous automatic measurement of farmland ammonia volatilization is realized.Multi-route and multiple gas chambers
When being connected, then the continuous observation of multiple sampling point farmlands ammonia volatilization can be achieved.
Ammonia volatilization flux calculates.Ammonia volatilization amount calculation formula is as follows：
F (ng m in formula-2s-1) it is farmland ammonia emission flux, V (cm3) it is chamber volume, P0For pressure initial in gas chamber
(kPa), W0It is initial vapor molar fraction (mmol mol-1, by CO2Analysis-e/or determining), R is ideal gas constant
(8.314J/mol*K)), S is is surveyed soil erosion (cm2), T0For initial temperature (DEG C),For the NH after moisture correction3Mole
Score (nmol mol-1) initial change rate.
The method of the present invention uses the ammonia analyzer of quick response, realizes the quick measurement of ammonia volatilization (up to per hour
20 times).Gas chamber seal time is short (90 seconds) in sampling process, interferes few, realization to the few gentle room pressure of soil moisture interference
The undisturbed in situ observation of Ammonia valatilization, help to obtain more accurate ammonia emission flux.With LI-8150 multichannel soil
Carbon flux automatic measurement system is used in conjunction, and realizes the continuous observation of farmland Ammonia valatilization, can obtain farmland Ammonia valatilization in hour
The dynamic change of scale, day scale and rice growing season scale, the Environmental Factors for parsing ammonia volatilization play an important role.
Compared with existing venting method and degassing method, this method realizes the continuous automatic Observation of farmland ammonia volatilization amount, reduces artificial
Operation substantially increases the working efficiency of ammonia volatilization observation, saves the working time, and can realize the high rate observation of ammonia volatilization, most
It is high 20 times per hour reachable；Reduce the disturbance to agricultural land soil simultaneously, more accurate Ammonia valatilization flux can be obtained.This
Soil CO of the method and technology scheme based on existing maturation2The continuous automatic observing system of flux cooperates quick ammonia concentration to analyze
Instrument realizes the continuous automatic Observation of farmland ammonia flux.The main distinction is to soil compared with existing venting method and degassing method
Earth disturbs less, obtains more true ammonia emission flux；Reduce manual sampling and indoor chemical analysis step, subtracts significantly
Few working time improves Ammonia valatilization measurement working efficiency.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that：It still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (3)
1. the method that one kind can automatically continuously measure farmland ammonia volatilization, which is characterized in that including will automatically continuously measure soil
CO2The soil respirator of flux and automatically determine NH3The automatic continuous sight of field ammonia volatilization is realized in the ammonia analyzer series connection of concentration
It surveys.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein including：Multichannel soil carbon flux automatic measurement system
Port Multiplier, CO2Analyzer and NH3Analyzer；
The gas outlet of Port Multiplier and NH3The air inlet of analyzer is connected, NH3The gas outlet of analyzer and CO2Analyzer air inlet phase
Even, CO2The air inlet of analyzer gas outlet and Port Multiplier passes through CO2The original-pack pipeline of analyzer is connected, Port Multiplier and sampling gas chamber
Be connected, gas chamber pedestal be inserted into agricultural land soil 3-5cm, by Temperature and water content in soil pop one's head in insertion soil 5cm at and on gas chamber
Probe interface is connected.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, being tied with heating tape on the tracheae of connection gas chamber and Port Multiplier.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810750008.8A CN108896738A (en) | 2018-07-10 | 2018-07-10 | A kind of method that can automatically continuously measure farmland ammonia volatilization |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810750008.8A CN108896738A (en) | 2018-07-10 | 2018-07-10 | A kind of method that can automatically continuously measure farmland ammonia volatilization |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108896738A true CN108896738A (en) | 2018-11-27 |
Family
ID=64348971
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810750008.8A Pending CN108896738A (en) | 2018-07-10 | 2018-07-10 | A kind of method that can automatically continuously measure farmland ammonia volatilization |
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| CN (1) | CN108896738A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110487973A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-11-22 | 河北农业大学 | A kind of emission intensity speed detection method of emission reduction processing ammonia emission source |
| CN111189977A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-22 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Tea garden greenhouse gas monitoring device and monitoring method |
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| CN110487973A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-11-22 | 河北农业大学 | A kind of emission intensity speed detection method of emission reduction processing ammonia emission source |
| CN111189977A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-22 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Tea garden greenhouse gas monitoring device and monitoring method |
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