CN108896606A - A kind of unstable state cylinder heat resource method temperature becomes effective thermal conductivity measurement device and method - Google Patents
A kind of unstable state cylinder heat resource method temperature becomes effective thermal conductivity measurement device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108896606A CN108896606A CN201811116254.4A CN201811116254A CN108896606A CN 108896606 A CN108896606 A CN 108896606A CN 201811116254 A CN201811116254 A CN 201811116254A CN 108896606 A CN108896606 A CN 108896606A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003722 extracellular fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of unstable state cylinder heat resource method temperature to become effective thermal conductivity measurement device, which includes charging cylinder, electric heating cover, insulating layer, insulation cover, thermoprobe, intelligent temperature controller;The cylinder that charges is cylindrical;Electric heating cover is covered in the periphery of charging cylinder, and insulating layer is located at the periphery of electric heating cover;Intelligent temperature controller is set to outside cartridge body;Cover is insulated to be set at the both ends open of charging cylinder;It is equipped with 5 or 9 temperature measuring points in cartridge body, each temperature measuring point is laid at cartridge body length half on circumference and circle center line connecting or is laid at cartridge body length half circular cross-section diametrically;Thermoprobe is respectively equipped at each temperature measuring point;Thermoprobe is connected with intelligent temperature controller respectively;The axial length of charging cylinder and the size of internal diameter are 10:1~20:1.The present invention carries out the measurement of solid particulate matter effective thermal conductivity, and heat transfer can be reduced to radial heat transfer, thereby simplifies the calculation method that unstable state cylinder heat resource method temperature becomes effective thermal conductivity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of devices for measuring to solid particulate matter effective thermal conductivity, and in particular to a kind of non-steady
State cylinder heat resource method temperature becomes effective thermal conductivity measuring method and measurement device, belongs to thermal energy, environment-friendly engineering technical field.
Background technique
There are three kinds of basic modes for heat transfer in particle system:Heat transfer, thermal convection and heat radiation, Different Exercise Mode,
The particle system of different-grain diameter size, whole heat transfer ratio difference shared by three kinds of heat transfer types is very big, which dictates that particle system
The difference for the heat-transfer character and heat-transfer mechanism of uniting.In carbon base catalyst(Activated coke)During desulphurization denitration technology and equipment,
To graininess carbon base catalyst(Activated coke)Heat-transfer mechanism, heat transfer property measurement and application research it is particularly significant, regenerating
Design and the bed temperature control of adsorption tower of tower etc. will use these research achievements.
In regeneration moving bed, particle slowly moves in round tube, and particle and particle, particle and wall surface are in one for a long time
A " quasi-static " to contact with each other, need to consider and guarantee is the efficient heat transfer of bed wall surface and particle system, particulate interspaces
Fluid(It is normally gaseous)Flowing can weaken the heat transfer of wall surface and particle, so the flow velocity of interstitial fluid can control very low,
Thermal convection will be weakened in this way, therefore the heat transfer in moving bed is main heat transfer type.To the biggish feelings of the system temperature difference
Condition, the minor change of temperature can all cause very big influence between the radiant heat transfer object, at this time should consider radiant heat transfer
Inside.
Continuum Model:It is the continuous media integrally regarded particle system as fluid, inside particle system
The thermal coefficient in some region is determined that the diabatic process in this region is by assuming letter by the shape and position in this region completely
After change, the heat transfer equation that can be indicated with math equation is proposed, because regarding particle swarm as fluid, primary condition and boundary condition
It can obtain, then the Temperature Distribution of entire particle system is obtained by calculation.It can be obtained according to continuum Model hypothesis
The heat-transfer character of particle system on the whole.Particle system is anisotropic in practice, in research particle system heat transfer
When problem, effective medium picture is particle system to be regarded as a kind of continuous media, the heat transfer property and particle swarm of this continuous media
It is close and have isotropic property, finally solve the temperature field of particle system.The present invention is equivalent by material in cylinder
For continuum Model.
Steady state method be on two surfaces of sample to be tested Temperature Distribution reach stablize after, the Temperature Distribution inside sample is no longer
Time to time change enters Heat Conduction state, carry out experiment measurement, the starting point of analysis is steady heat conduction differential side
Journey.It the characteristics of based on Heat Conduction test philosophy, has the following disadvantages:1)The thermo-physical index measured is single, is only capable of surveying
The thermal coefficient for measuring sample, is unable to measure other indexs, such as thermal diffusion coefficient;2)The temperature difference of tested sample two sides is lower, test
Diabatic process be often heat transfer, thermal convection and heat radiation three's collective effect, therefore cannot accurately obtain leading for heat transfer
Hot coefficient.
Unstable state measuring method has quick, multi parameter simultaneous measuring and the spy that can carry out dynamic process online observation
Point.Temperature Distribution by measuring sample changes over time, thus to calculate thermal coefficient.This method is low to environmental requirement,
Measurement has advantage under hot conditions.The thermal coefficient of existing cold store enclosure measurement material, mainly using normal power planes heat
Source method, i.e., according to the lower analytic solution of the big object of semo-infinite normal heat flux effect and its application in engineering in practice, measurement material
Material is limited to heat-insulating material.But it is complex using this method calculating process.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, it is simple to provide a kind of structure, and can simplify
The solid particulate matter effective thermal conductivity measurement device of measurement and calculating process.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of unstable state cylinder heat resource method temperature to become effective thermal conductivity measurement
Device, the measurement device include charging cylinder, electric heating cover, insulating layer, insulation cover, thermoprobe, intelligent temperature controller;Charging
Cylinder is cylindrical;Electric heating cover is covered in the periphery of charging cylinder, and insulating layer is located at the periphery of electric heating cover;Intelligent temperature controller is set
Outside cartridge body;Cover is insulated to be set at the both ends open of charging cylinder;5 or 9 temperature measuring points are equipped in cartridge body, respectively
A temperature measuring point is laid at cartridge body length half on circumference and circle center line connecting or charging barrel lenght half
Locate circular cross-section it is same diametrically;Thermoprobe is respectively equipped at each temperature measuring point;Thermoprobe respectively with intelligent temperature controller phase
Even;The axial length of charging cylinder and the size of internal diameter are 10:1~20:1.
Further, when using 5 temperature measuring points, one of temperature measuring point is located at the center position of charging cylinder, separately
One is located at the inner wall of charging cylinder, remaining is distributed on both of the aforesaid measuring point line;When using 9 temperature measuring points, wherein
One temperature measuring point is located at the center position of charging cylinder, and another two is located at the inner wall of charging cylinder, three measuring points at
Straight line, remaining is distributed on aforementioned three measuring point lines.
Further, electric heating cover uses mica electric heating cover;Insulating layer uses silica wool insulating layer.
Further, thermoprobe is fixed in the cartridge body by thermoprobe positioning device;Thermoprobe
Positioning device includes upper clamp plate, lower clamp plate and locating ring;Locating ring is 9, and clamping is set between upper clamp plate and lower clamp plate;It is each to survey
Warm probe is set in corresponding locating ring.
Further, insulation cover is equipped with casing;The connecting wire of thermoprobe passes through casing and intelligent temperature controller phase
Even;It is further using flexible insulation resin seal between connecting wire and casing, it is insulated on cover and air inlet-outlet pipe is set, and lead to
External hose is crossed to be connected with gas cylinder.
The present invention also provides said determination devices to carry out effective thermal conductivity method for measuring, the effective thermal conductivity
Measurement is realized by following steps:
(1)Charging cylinder is heated using firm power, after reaching assigned temperature, stops heating natural cooling, when record
Between and each measuring point temperature measuring data, obtain the corresponding heating experiment curv of each temperature measuring point and temperature measurement curve;
(2)Using the temperature measuring data of the temperature measuring point of center position, according to the cylindrical coordinates one-dimensional unsteady heat conduction differential equation,
Constantly adjustment thermal diffusion coefficient, calculates the temperature value of other each temperature measuring points, obtains the corresponding heating calculated curve of temperature measuring point and drop
Warm calculated curve carries out assessment with actual heating experiment curv and temperature measurement curve and compares, until the curve being calculated
The curve obtained with actual measurement reaches highest degree of agreement, and the thermal diffusion coefficient finally chosen exists as candidate particles material
Effective thermal diffusion coefficient in test temperature section, so that temperature, which is calculated, becomes effective thermal conductivity.
Wherein, step(1)In before being heated, be first passed through industrial nitrogen discharge the intracorporal air of cartridge;Specified temperature
Degree is 500 DEG C, and heating method is:It is heated to the temperature measuring point temperature at center and reaches 500 DEG C, heating terminates.
Step(2)The middle cylindrical coordinates one-dimensional unsteady heat conduction differential equation is:
Wherein
t--- temperature, DEG C;
τ--- time, s;
a--- thermal diffusivity, m2/s;
r--- radius, m.
The present invention has the following advantages that compared with prior art:
The present invention carries out solid particulate matter effective thermal conductivity compared to the sufficiently long charging cylinder of radical length using axial length
Measurement, and insulation cover is set at both ends, axial heat conduction is negligible in cylinder, and heat transfer can be reduced to radial heat transfer, thus simple
The calculation method that unstable state cylinder heat resource method temperature becomes effective thermal conductivity is changed.
And the cylindrical surface heating unit of power invariability is formed in conjunction with cylindric charging cylinder using mica electric heating cover, and set
There is silica wool insulating layer, prevents heat to function of environment heat emission, it can be achieved that being evenly heated to surveyed solid particulate matter material.
Effective thermal conductivity assay device structures of the present invention are simple, easy to operate, and are simplifying the same of measure and calculation process
When, maintain the accuracy of measurement.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view that unstable state cylinder heat resource method temperature of the present invention becomes effective thermal conductivity coefficient measurement device;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that unstable state cylinder heat resource method temperature of the present invention becomes effective thermal conductivity coefficient measurement device;
Fig. 3 is the fixed structure schematic diagram of thermoprobe at temperature measuring point in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the sealed structural schematic diagram in Fig. 1 between conducting wire and charging cylinder;
Fig. 5 is the temperature changing curve diagram of each measuring point when carrying out effective thermal conductivity measurement using the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 4, it includes charging that unstable state cylinder heat resource method temperature of the present invention, which becomes effective thermal conductivity measurement device,
Cylinder 1(Or 5), mica electric heating cover 2, silica wool insulating layer 3, thermoprobe positioning device 4, insulation cover 6, thermoprobe,
Intelligent temperature controller etc..Charge cylinder 1(Or the cylinder 5 that charges shown in Fig. 2)Cylindrical, both ends open, opening is equipped with insulation cylinder
Lid, the two are connected with each other by nested mode.2 sets of the mica electric heating cover peripheral sides in charging cylinder 1, silica wool insulating layer 3
Positioned at the peripheral side of mica electric heating cover 2.Intelligent temperature controller is set to outside.The cylinder 1 that charges is interior to be equipped with 5 temperature measuring points, passes through survey
Warm probe positioning device 4 is fixed(The device can position 9 temperature measuring points if necessary), 5 temperature measuring points are set on cartridge
At the half length of body 1, and it is located at charging one of cylinder 1 diametrically, place is at inner wall position from the central position
Equidistant placement.
As shown in figure 3, be respectively equipped with thermoprobe at each temperature measuring point, thermoprobe by locating ring 9 and positioning splint 10,
11 are fixed.Thermoprobe is connected by conducting wire with external intelligent temperature controller.As shown in figure 4, thermoprobe conducting wire 12 is logical
Cross the conducting wire extraction tube 13 on insulation cover 6(Or conducting wire extraction tube shown in Fig. 27)Intelligent temperature controller is led to, thermometric is visited
With flexible insulation 14 fill plug seal of resin between needle conducting wire 12 and conducting wire extraction tube 13.Cylinder 1 charge in use, opening insulation
Cover after installing solid particulate matter, passes through the air inlet-outlet pipe 15 on insulation cover with industrial nitrogen(Or intake and exhaust shown in Fig. 2
Pipe 8)10min is purged, the air in reactor is discharged, opens the switch of mica electric heating cover, voltage is adjusted, begins to warm up.If
Determine to maintain heating power constant, until the solid particulate matter that center position detects after mica electric heating cover is heated to 500 DEG C
When temperature also reaches 500 DEG C, mica electric heating cover is closed, heating is terminated, makes the intracorporal solid particulate matter natural cooling of cartridge
To room temperature, retention is sampled.The temperature changed over time that each temperature measuring point detects is recorded respectively, is calculated acquisition material and is existed
The heating measured curve and cooling measured curve of each temperature measuring point.
When present invention charging cylinder setting, since when axial length long enough, axial heat conduction is negligible in cylinder, heat transfer
It can be reduced to radial heat transfer, thereby, it is ensured that the size of axial length and internal diameter ratio is not less than 10:1, it is controlled to control cost
System is 10:1~20:Between 1, optimal choice charging cylinder specification is:Length 3m, internal diameter 0.2m.
According to the heating measured curve and cooling measured curve of each temperature measuring point that experiment obtains, effective thermal conductivity is carried out
Computing Principle is as follows:According to the cylinder heat conduction differential equation:
Wherein,
t--- temperature, DEG C;
τ--- time, s;
a--- thermal diffusivity, m2/s;
r--- radius, m.
Corresponding discrete scheme is as follows:
It is assumed that a hot diffusion coefficientaThen value utilizes the primary data of a certain boundary temperature measuring point(Center leans near wall
Place), same time interval when according to data record(Step-length), calculate the temperature value at 5 temperature measuring points of each moment.All
It calculates after completing, the degree of agreement of calculated value and measured value is assessed, by constantly adjustingaValue improves degree of agreement, final to select
It is suitable to takeaValue, as effective thermal diffusion coefficient of the tested granular materials in test temperature section(Maximum value, minimum value or
Average value), then the effective thermal conductivity varied with temperature calculated by effective thermal diffusion coefficient --- i.e. temperature becomes effective system
The several and effective thermal conductivity in test temperature section(Maximum value, minimum value or average value).
Embodiment 2
The temperature variation curve such as Fig. 5 of apparatus of the present invention to the continuous mode of effective thermal conductivity with embodiment 1, in measurement process
It is shown.Effective thermal conductivity by tested granular materials is calculated is 0.14(It is minimum),1.67(It is average)With 4.62(Most
Greatly).
It is characteristic of the invention that measurement is convenient(Compared with steady method), it is practical(Particularly suitable for material in pipe
Diabatic process), it is practical that related experiment result has been applied to engineering.
It illustrating, effective thermal conductivity is a physical quantity in order to simplify the calculating of particulate species material heat transfer and definition,
Its numerical value and material properties, particle diameter distribution and measurement means etc. have relationship, compare between different measurement methods and have no practical meaning
Justice.Any measurement method measurement institute's value is both needed to the inspection by practical application, is subject to appropriate repair when necessary
Just, it can apply.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of unstable state cylinder heat resource method temperature becomes effective thermal conductivity measurement device, it is characterised in that:The measurement device packet
Include charging cylinder, electric heating cover, insulating layer, insulation cover, thermoprobe, intelligent temperature controller;The charging cylinder is cylindrical;
The electric heating cover is covered in the periphery of the charging cylinder, and insulating layer is located at the periphery of the electric heating cover;The intelligent temperature control
Instrument is set to outside the cartridge body;The insulation cover is set at the both ends open of the charging cylinder;The charging cylinder
Inside it is equipped with 5 or 9 temperature measuring points, each temperature measuring point is laid at cartridge body length half on circumference and circle center line connecting or fills
Circular cross-section is diametrically at barrel body length half;The thermoprobe is respectively equipped at each temperature measuring point;The thermometric
Probe is connected with intelligent temperature controller respectively;The axial length of the charging cylinder and the size of internal diameter are 10:1~20:1.
2. measurement device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:When using 5 temperature measuring points, one of temperature measuring point
Positioned at the center position of charging cylinder, another is located at the inner wall of charging cylinder, remaining is distributed in both of the aforesaid measuring point company
On line;When using 9 temperature measuring points, one of temperature measuring point is located at the center position of charging cylinder, and another two is located at
It charges at the inner wall of cylinder, three measuring points are in alignment, remaining is distributed on aforementioned three measuring point lines.
3. measurement device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The electric heating cover uses mica electric heating cover;Institute
Insulating layer is stated using silica wool insulating layer.
4. measurement device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The thermoprobe passes through thermoprobe positioning device
It is fixed in the cartridge body;The thermoprobe positioning device includes upper clamp plate, lower clamp plate and locating ring;The positioning
Circle is 9, and clamping is set between upper clamp plate and lower clamp plate;Each thermoprobe is set in corresponding locating ring.
5. measurement device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The insulation cover is equipped with casing;The thermometric
The connecting wire of probe passes through described sleeve pipe and is connected with intelligent temperature controller;Using flexible insulation between the connecting wire and casing
Resin seal.
6. measurement device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Air inlet-outlet pipe is set on the insulation cover, and is led to
External hose is crossed to be connected with gas cylinder.
7. any measurement device of claim 1 to 6 carries out effective thermal conductivity method for measuring, it is characterised in that:This has
The measurement for imitating thermal coefficient is realized by following steps:
(1)Charging cylinder is heated using firm power, after reaching assigned temperature, stops heating natural cooling, according to one
Fixed time interval records the temperature measuring data of each measuring point, obtains the corresponding heating experiment curv of each temperature measuring point and cooling is surveyed
Measure curve;
(2)Using the temperature measuring data of the temperature measuring point of center position, according to the cylindrical coordinates one-dimensional unsteady heat conduction differential equation,
Constantly adjustment thermal diffusion coefficient, calculates the temperature value of other each temperature measuring points, obtains the corresponding heating calculated curve of temperature measuring point and drop
Warm calculated curve carries out assessment with actual heating experiment curv and temperature measurement curve and compares, until the curve being calculated
The curve obtained with actual measurement reaches highest degree of agreement, and the thermal diffusion coefficient finally chosen exists as candidate particles material
Effective thermal diffusion coefficient in test temperature section, so that temperature, which is calculated, becomes effective thermal conductivity.
8. measuring method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:The step(1)In before being heated, be first passed through
The intracorporal air of cartridge is discharged in industrial nitrogen;Assigned temperature is 500 DEG C, and heating method is:It is heated at charging cylinder inboard wall
Temperature measuring point temperature be 500 DEG C when, maintain the temperature, until center at temperature measuring point temperature also reach 500 DEG C, heating terminates.
9. measuring method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:The step(2)Middle cylindrical coordinates one-dimensional and unsteady state is led
The hot differential equation is:
Wherein
t--- temperature, DEG C;
τ--- time, s;
a--- thermal diffusivity, m2/s;
r--- radius, m.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112083029A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-15 | 四川士达特种炭材有限公司 | Device and method for evaluating comprehensive performance of filler |
CN113933342A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-01-14 | 华中科技大学 | Rapid inspection device and method for heat insulation performance of heat insulation bottle for logging instrument |
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CN112083029A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-15 | 四川士达特种炭材有限公司 | Device and method for evaluating comprehensive performance of filler |
CN113933342A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-01-14 | 华中科技大学 | Rapid inspection device and method for heat insulation performance of heat insulation bottle for logging instrument |
CN113933342B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-07-12 | 华中科技大学 | Rapid inspection device and method for heat insulation performance of heat insulation bottle for logging instrument |
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