CN108896224A - A kind of device of geodetic stress - Google Patents

A kind of device of geodetic stress Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108896224A
CN108896224A CN201810672096.4A CN201810672096A CN108896224A CN 108896224 A CN108896224 A CN 108896224A CN 201810672096 A CN201810672096 A CN 201810672096A CN 108896224 A CN108896224 A CN 108896224A
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double slit
rock core
cone
assay plate
double
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CN201810672096.4A
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CN108896224B (en
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不公告发明人
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Song Xiecui
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Qin Yanwen
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  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
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  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of devices of geodetic stress.Its technical solution is:The bottom of assay plate, which is equipped with, adjusts spiral base, whether successively install horizon equipment, laser emitter, optical filter, single seam, double slit, cone, optical screen and micrometering eyepiece, the horizon equipment on the top of assay plate examines assay plate horizontal by internal bubble;The laser transmitter projects wavelength X monochromatic light, selects longer wavelengths of feux rouges;Single seam is used to form linear light source, and micrometering eyepiece is used to measure the distance between several bright rays.Beneficial effect is:It is designed rationally, and structure is simple, easy to operate, it is easy to manufacture, it is easy to carry, it is low-cost, rock strain is not only accurately measured, but also the determination of crustal stress size equally may be implemented using petrophysical parameters, has great importance to oil field Efficient Development.Moreover, because its is easy to carry, it is practical, it can be in the use of oil field drill.

Description

A kind of device of geodetic stress
One, technical field:
Of the invention and a kind of device and application method using oil well rock core geodetic stress, in particular to a kind of dress of geodetic stress It sets.
Two, background technique:
During oil-gas exploration and development, the direction of Current stress influences and controls oil field oil, gas and water in the process of development Migration by the research of present daygeodynamics can be the arrangement of flooding pattern, adjustment and development plan design in oil field development Deng the background information of offer science, it may be said that the research of stress field and oil-gas exploration and development are closely coupled, are that oilfield is surveyed One of the important link in development system engineering is visited, also has certain guidance to anticipate the implementation of oil field later period Hydro Fracturing Stimulation Treatment Justice.Therefore, the layering profile of geostress for obtaining stratum is of great significance for the exploitation of oil gas field.Profile of geostress can be anti- The changing rule of stress field in the longitudinal direction is reflected, the accurate layering parameters and earth stress that obtains can be drilling engineering, oil-gas reservoir engineering Underlying parameter is provided with the decision and design of the links such as christmas engineering.Most oilfields are because somewhat expensive is seldom direct The crustal stress of oil well is measured, but passes through sound velocity method, fracturing fracture extending direction statistic law, borehole breakout, hole deviation statistic law. Wherein, sound velocity method be directly to rock core measure and using universal, but rock core velocity of sound experimental rig can only in laboratory operation, Not Portable belt, therefore several blocks of rock cores of the measurement that oil field can only be taken back, and the test of the rock core velocity of sound is related with the homogeneity of rock core, The measurement error that Inhomogeneous bedrock, microcrack development, stratification etc. can all cause the velocity of sound to be tested increases;In addition, practice have shown that well Oblique statistic law, the accuracy of borehole breakout are limited, many times lack dipmeter log, Damintun orientation for place is also Difficult point, pressure break Data Act is higher with right accuracy, but the old well in many oil fields, a certain interval of oil well lack this data, and And above method can not draw the profile of geostress figure on stratum according to the crustal stress information measured.
Three, summary of the invention:
The purpose of the present invention is to drawbacks described above of the existing technology, provide a kind of device of geodetic stress, and design is closed Reason, easy to use, strong operability.
A kind of device for geodetic stress that the present invention mentions, technical solution are:Including core diameter-double slit converter (A), adjust spiral base(1), A-frame(2), horizon equipment(3), assay plate(5), laser emitter(6), optical filter(7), Single seam(8), double slit(9), cone(10), optical screen(11), micrometering eyepiece(12), the assay plate(5)Bottom be equipped with Adjust spiral base(1), in assay plate(5)Top horizon equipment is successively installed(3), laser emitter(6), optical filter(7), it is single Seam(8), double slit(9), cone(10), optical screen(11)With micrometering eyepiece(12), the horizon equipment(3)Pass through internal bubble (4)To examine assay plate(5)It is whether horizontal;The laser emitter(6)Emission wavelength lambda monochromatic light selects wavelength longer Feux rouges;Single seam(8)It is used to form linear light source, micrometering eyepiece(12)For measuring the distance between several bright rays.
Above-mentioned core diameter-double slit converter(A)It is switched including groove adjustment axis(15), double slit tongue(16), double slit Groove(17), rock core(19), markings(20), chassis azimuth(21), even pressing spring group(22), even pressing plate(23), converter Main body(26), the switch main body(26)For concave-shaped structure, the top in left side connects adjustment axis, and installation is even inside right side Pressing spring group(22), the adjustment axis is equipped with groove adjustment axis switch(15), double slit groove is adjusted(17)With double slit tongue (16)Spacing, experiment start before should adjust double slit tongue(16)In double slit groove(17)Middle position, to ensure rock core energy Rotate freely the strain value variation of measurement different directions;The double slit tongue(16)It is installed in even pressing plate(23)Top, it is described Even pressing plate(23)Pass through even pressing spring group(22)With switch main body(26)Right side protrusion connection, in switch main body(26) Central slot at install rock core(19), the markings that determine on rock core(20), answered with being convenient for measuring the rock core of different directions Variate;Rock core has a chassis azimuth, the angle rotation that rock core markings are determined with the azimuthal registration in chassis when measurement.
Above-mentioned switch main body(26)Right hand top be equipped with double slit device horizon equipment(24), double slit device horizon equipment (24)It is interior to pass through double slit device horizon equipment bubble(25)Examine switch main body(26)Level;The switch main body(26) Bottom is installed by double slit device flat spin seat(18).
Above-mentioned micrometering eyepiece(12)Including spring(27), eyepiece spinning roller(28), movable cross hair graticle(29), screw rod (30), main scale(31), reading drum(32)With eyepiece shell(33), eyepiece shell(33)Inside installation spring(27), activity fork Wire division plate(29), screw rod(30), screw rod(30)Promotion activity cross hair graticle(29)Edge is moved perpendicular to ocular axis direction, Eyepiece shell(33)Upside install eyepiece spinning roller(28), eyepiece shell(33)Right side connect main scale(31)With reading drum (32), main scale scale direction and micrometer are on the contrary, zero point on the right, reads the integer part as unit of mm, fractional part By reading drum(32)Upper reading.
A kind of application method of the device for geodetic stress that the present invention mentions, includes the following steps:
(1)Rock core preparation determines the top bottom of rock core, draws markings in core ground and side, not for oil field Oriented core does directional process, determines the accurate orientation of markings;
(2)Rock core is placed on the azimuth of chassis, so that markings is directed at one party parallactic angle, records the numerical value;
(3)Adjust the adjusting spiral base of assay plate level(1), by adjusting spiral base, assay plate can be made(5)It is horizontal;
(4)Adjust double slit device horizon equipment(24), core diameter-double slit converter can guarantee by it(A)It is horizontal;
(5)Open groove adjustment axis switch(15), increase double slit spacing, open simultaneously light source, adjust the height of light source, make The light beam that it is issued can illuminate screen along the axis of cone;
(6)Put optical filter, single seam well, making single stitch with double nip clearances is about 5cm~10cm, and seam is made to be parallel to each other;
(7)Groove adjustment axis is switched(15)It opens, adjusting makes double slit tongue in the middle position of double slit groove, to ensure rock The heart can rotate freely the strain value variation of measurement different directions, and double slit center is located substantially on the axis of cone, is at this moment shielding On just can be appreciated that the two-slit interference pattern of white light;
(8)Close groove adjustment axis switch(15), by fixed screw cap(13)It is twisted with fixed screw(14)It screws, such double slit Groove just cannot be move freely;
(9)Installing cone, optical screen due to caused by not coaxial, makes the center of each element if the light appeared on optical screen is very weak On the axis of cone;
(10)Double slit is surveyed to the distance shieldedLIt can be surveyed repeatedly, be averaged with meter ruler;By calculating, at different coring depths Rock core crustal stress can draw the profile of geostress figure of oil well.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:It is designed rationally, and structure is simple, easy to operate, easy to manufacture, convenient for taking Band, it is low-cost, rock strain is not only accurately measured, but also crustal stress size equally may be implemented using petrophysical parameters Determination, have great importance to oil field Efficient Development.Moreover, because its is easy to carry, it is practical, it can be in oil field rock The use in heart library, therefore the determination of the stress direction, size of the full coring section of rock core may be implemented, and then stratum can be worked out Hierarchically stress sectional drawing, the accurate layering parameters and earth stress that obtains can be drilling engineering, oil-gas reservoir engineering and christmas engineering The decision and design of equal links provide underlying parameter.But also oil field can be greatlyd save in terms of present daygeodynamics determination High costs, this instrument can for part oil field development personnel, drilling implementer, geological prospecting personnel common instrument equipment, With preferable market application prospect.
Four, Detailed description of the invention:
Attached drawing 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention;
Attached drawing 2 is core diameter-double slit converter structure chart;
Attached drawing 3 is the structural schematic diagram of micrometering eyepiece;
Attached drawing 4 is interference fringe effect diagram;
Attached drawing 5 is that core diameter variation and principal direction of stress determine method schematic diagram;
In upper figure:Core diameter-double slit converter A adjusts spiral base 1, A-frame 2, horizon equipment 3, bubble 4, assay plate 5, laser emitter 6, optical filter 7, list stitch 8, double slit 9, cone 10, optical screen 11, micrometering eyepiece 12, fixed screw cap 13, consolidate Determine screw and twists 14, groove adjustment axis switch 15, double slit tongue 16, double slit groove 17, double slit device flat spin seat 18, rock core 19, markings 20, chassis azimuth 21, even pressing spring group 22, even pressing plate 23, double slit device horizon equipment 24, double slit device are horizontal Device bubble 25, switch main body 26, spring 27, eyepiece spinning roller 28, movable cross hair graticle 29, screw rod 30, main scale 31, reading drum Take turns 32, eyepiece shell 33.
Five, specific embodiment:
In conjunction with attached drawing 1-5, the invention will be further described:
A kind of device for geodetic stress that the present invention mentions, including core diameter-double slit converter A, adjusting spiral base 1, triangle Bracket 2, horizon equipment 3, assay plate 5, laser emitter 6, optical filter 7, single seam 8, double slit 9, cone 10, optical screen 11, micrometering Eyepiece 12, the bottom of the assay plate 5, which is equipped with, adjusts spiral base 1, the top of assay plate 5 successively install horizon equipment 3, Laser emitter 6, optical filter 7, single seam 8, double slit 9, cone 10, optical screen 11 and micrometering eyepiece 12, the horizon equipment 3 pass through Whether internal bubble 4 examines assay plate 5 horizontal;The 6 emission wavelength lambda monochromatic light of laser emitter selects wavelength Longer feux rouges;Single seam 8 is used to form linear light source, and micrometering eyepiece 12 is used to measure the distance between several bright rays.
Core diameter-double slit converter A includes groove adjustment axis switch 15, double slit tongue 16, double slit groove 17, rock core 19, markings 20, chassis azimuth 21, even pressing spring group 22, even pressing plate 23, switch main body 26, the switch main body 26 be concave-shaped structure, and the top in left side connects adjustment axis, installs even pressing spring group 22 inside right side, the adjustment axis is equipped with Groove adjustment axis switch 15, is adjusted the spacing of double slit groove 17 with double slit tongue 16, and experiment should adjust double slit tongue before starting 16 in the middle position of double slit groove 17, to ensure that rock core can rotate freely the strain value variation of measurement different directions;It is described double Seam tongue 16 is installed in the top of even pressing plate 23, the right side that the even pressing plate 23 passes through even pressing spring group 22 and switch main body 26 The connection of side protrusion, installs rock core 19 at the central slot of switch main body 26, and the markings 20 determined on rock core are surveyed with facilitating Measure the strain value of the rock core of different directions;Rock core has a chassis azimuth, and rock core markings are azimuthal with chassis when measurement The angle rotation that registration determines.
The right hand top of switch main body 26 is equipped with double slit device horizon equipment 24, passes through double slit in double slit device horizon equipment 24 The level of the inspection switch main body 26 of device horizon equipment bubble 25;26 bottom of the switch main body installation double slit device is horizontal Spiral base 18.
Micrometering eyepiece 12 includes spring 27, eyepiece spinning roller 28, movable cross hair graticle 29, screw rod 30, main scale 31, reading drum 32 and eyepiece shell 33 are taken turns, spring 27, movable cross hair graticle 29, screw rod 30 are installed inside eyepiece shell 33, screw rod 30 pushes Movable cross hair graticle 29 is moved along perpendicular to ocular axis direction, and eyepiece spinning roller 28, eyepiece are installed in the upside of eyepiece shell 33 The right side connection main scale 31 and reading drum 32 of shell 33, main scale scale direction and micrometer on the contrary, zero point on the right, read with Mm is the integer part of unit, and fractional part on reading drum 32 by reading.
A kind of application method using oil well rock core geodetic stress, includes the following steps:
(1)Rock core preparation determines the top bottom of rock core, draws markings in core ground and side, not for oil field Oriented core does directional process, determines the accurate orientation of markings;
(2)Rock core is placed on the azimuth of chassis, so that markings is directed at one party parallactic angle, records the numerical value;
(3)The adjusting spiral base 1 for adjusting assay plate level can make assay plate 5 horizontal by adjusting spiral base;
(4)Double slit device horizon equipment 24 is adjusted, can guarantee that core diameter-double slit converter A is horizontal by it;
(5)Groove adjustment axis switch 15 is opened, increases double slit spacing, opens simultaneously light source, adjust the height of light source, make it The light beam of sending can illuminate screen along the axis of cone;
(6)Put optical filter, single seam well, making single stitch with double nip clearances is about 5cm~10cm, and seam is made to be parallel to each other;
(7)Groove adjustment axis switch 15 is opened, adjusting makes double slit tongue in the middle position of double slit groove, to ensure rock core The strain value variation of measurement different directions can be rotated freely, double slit center is located substantially on the axis of cone, at this moment on screen It just can be appreciated that the two-slit interference pattern of white light;
(8)Groove adjustment axis switch 15 is closed, fixed screw cap 13 is twisted 14 with fixed screw and is screwed, such double slit groove is just It cannot move freely;
(9)Installing cone, optical screen due to caused by not coaxial, makes the center of each element if the light appeared on optical screen is very weak On the axis of cone;
(10)Double slit is surveyed to the distance shieldedLIt can be surveyed repeatedly, be averaged with meter ruler;
(11)After monochromatic light is by single seam, stable interference pattern is generated through double slit, with micrometering eyepiece measure adjacent two it is bright (Secretly)Distance △ between linex, by that can measure to reduce errornItem is bright(Secretly)Between distancea, then:
(1)
(12)In pattern adjacent two it is bright(Secretly)Distance △ between linexAt a distance between double slitd, double slit to screen distanceL, it is monochromatic The wavelength of lightλBetween meet:
(2)
(13)Core diameter-double slit spacing the d for rotating the available different directions of rock core, can according to the normal diameter of core bit To seek the strain value of corresponding direction:
(3)
Wherein,d1、d2For the maximum double slit distance and minimum double slit distance after the comprehensive measurement of rock core,lFor the mark of core bit Diameter is collimated,For the strain value in maximum strain direction,For the strain value of minimum principal strain.To available after core orientation The strain value of rock core on different directions(As shown in Figure 5);
(14)By shown in figure five, it can be determined that the oil well rock core corresponds to 135 ° of sides of biggest principal stress direction east southeast of depth To minimum principal stress direction is the western 225 ° of directions in south, because measurement accuracy height is up to 10-7M, it is possible to seek answering correspondingly Power size:
It willThe two unit is converted into standard unit's rice
(4)
Wherein, E is rock static modulus of elasticity, and μ is Poisson's ratio, can both be converted all by Rock Mechanics Test or acoustic velocity logging It obtainsFor horizontal maximum principal stress,For horizontal minimum principal stress size;
(15)The profile of geostress figure of oil well can be drawn by the rock core crustal stress at different coring depths.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of device of geodetic stress, it is characterized in that:Its application method includes the following steps:
(1)Rock core preparation determines the top bottom of rock core, draws markings in rock core bottom surface and side, not for oil field Oriented core does directional process, determines the accurate orientation of markings;
(2)Rock core is placed on the azimuth of chassis, so that markings is directed at one party parallactic angle, records the numerical value;
(3)Adjust the adjusting spiral base of assay plate level(1), by adjusting spiral base, assay plate can be made(5)It is horizontal;
(4)Adjust double slit device horizon equipment(24), core diameter-double slit converter can guarantee by it(A)It is horizontal;
(5)Open groove adjustment axis switch(15), increase double slit spacing, open simultaneously light source, adjust the height of light source, make it The light beam of sending can illuminate screen along the axis of cone;
(6)Put optical filter, single seam well, making single stitch with double nip clearances is about 5cm~10cm, and seam is made to be parallel to each other;
(7)Groove adjustment axis is switched(15)It opens, adjusting makes double slit tongue in the middle position of double slit groove, to ensure rock core The strain value variation of measurement different directions can be rotated freely, double slit center is located substantially on the axis of cone, at this moment on screen It just can be appreciated that the two-slit interference pattern of white light;
(8)Close groove adjustment axis switch(15), by fixed screw cap(13)It is twisted with fixed screw(14)It screws, such double slit is recessed Slot just cannot be move freely;
(9)Installing cone, optical screen due to caused by not coaxial, makes the centre bit of each element if the light appeared on optical screen is very weak In on the axis of cone;
(10)Double slit is surveyed to the distance shieldedLIt can be surveyed repeatedly, be averaged with meter ruler;By calculating, at different coring depths Rock core crustal stress can draw the profile of geostress figure of oil well.
CN201810672096.4A 2013-12-06 2013-12-06 Device for measuring ground stress Expired - Fee Related CN108896224B (en)

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CN105134194B (en) * 2015-09-02 2018-01-02 中南大学 A kind of device and measuring method that crustal stress is measured by one borehole

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