CN108890114A - Impulse electric field and the metal-base composites of ultrasonic field auxiliary are sintered synchronized links method and device - Google Patents
Impulse electric field and the metal-base composites of ultrasonic field auxiliary are sintered synchronized links method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108890114A CN108890114A CN201810802115.0A CN201810802115A CN108890114A CN 108890114 A CN108890114 A CN 108890114A CN 201810802115 A CN201810802115 A CN 201810802115A CN 108890114 A CN108890114 A CN 108890114A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 162
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
- B23K20/023—Thermo-compression bonding
- B23K20/026—Thermo-compression bonding with diffusion of soldering material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
- F27B17/02—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group specially designed for laboratory use
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
- F27D11/08—Heating by electric discharge, e.g. arc discharge
- F27D11/10—Disposition of electrodes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
- F27D11/12—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces with electromagnetic fields acting directly on the material being heated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
- F27M2003/04—Sintering
Abstract
The present invention is impulse electric field and the metal-base composites sintering synchronized links method and device that ultrasonic field assists, and discloses a kind of magnesium of reinforced phase containing high-volume fractional（Or copper）The method that based composites are connect while sintering with stainless steel.The device that the method is related to includes：Airtight heating furnace, pulse current loading system, ultrasonic wave load application system, pressure and the auxiliary devices such as jacking system and sealed insulation pipe.It is particularly advantageous in that using of the invention, the sintering of metal-base composites is connected while being carried out with different material；Pulse current flows through experimental material, causes interface resistance heat, plasma discharge heat, is sintered and linkage interface heats up and cooling velocity is fast, reduce extraneous radiant heat, reduce connector residual stress；Utilize impulse electric field-ultrasonic field-pressure field coupling, abolish reinforced phase surface film oxide, it realizes and is sintered under atmospheric conditions, reduce atom diffusion activation energy, promote metallurgical interface reaction, control granule-morphology and scale, refines interface crystal grain, joint quality stability is improved, the metal-base composites/alloy connector for preparing high combination property is conducive to.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pulse currents and the metal-base composites of the compound auxiliary of ultrasonic wave/alloy sintering synchronized links side
Method, specially a kind of magnesium containing reinforced phase based on pulse current and ultrasonic wave complex technique（Or copper）Based composites sintering,
And the new method that the material is connect with heterogeneous alloy is realized simultaneously.
Background technique
With the fast development of science and technology, single attribute material is difficult to meet high-end equipment and manufacturing need increasingly
It wants, the high parameters such as the lighting of material, high tough, strong abrasion, corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistant, function/structure-integrated is proposed more
For harsh requirement.Metal-base composites is the non-equal of the enhancing phase composition such as metal and ceramics, whisker or carbon nanotube particulate
Composite material has superhigh intensity while embodying metallic character, is that defence and military and national economy every field are important
Structural material and tool materials.However, reinforced phase differs greatly with the ingredient of metallic matrix, structure and performance, materialization compatibility
It is poor, cause synthesis technology complicated, also bring very big difficulty to subsequent processing, as finished product toughness plasticity is lower, mechanical adds
Work is difficult, is not easy that the characteristics such as large-scale or complex-shaped component are made, and becomes and keeps it in check in the key point of related fields application.Only
Have by with metal（Or alloy）In conjunction with its obdurability is improved, avoids composite portions oversized, be just able to satisfy extreme height
The requirement of high parameter operating condition in temperature, high pressure, abrasion and corrosive environment.Granule reinforced magnesium of the present invention（Or copper）Base composite wood
Material sintering and the connection of composite material and alloy, technological difficulties are how to promote reinforced phase/metallic matrix, enhancing
Atom diffusion and metallurgical reaction between the dissimilar materials such as phase/alloy and metallic matrix/alloy, since reinforced phase is mostly non-gold
Belong to, bonding mode is stable covalent bond or ionic bond, and big with metal material physico-chemical property difference, in addition surface film oxide
Obstruction, cause reinforced phase/metal（Alloy）Sintering and connection difficulty it is high.
Additional energy field auxiliary is the research hotspot of present material forming field, and pulse current has low-voltage, high current special
Property, it can produce resistance heat and plasma discharge heat in Bimaterial in terface, reduce extraneous radiation heat demand, to form interface height
The differential thermal of warm matrix low temperature is sintered and dispersal pattern, and current activation effect facilitates vacancy by reducing atom diffusion activation energy
The mechanism of migration and element solid solution promotes the generation of interface atoms diffusion and metallurgical reaction.The acoustic cavitation that ultrasonic field generates simultaneously
And acoustic streaming effect, crusher surface oxidation film, the wetting of auxiliary liquid metal promote different material elements diffusion, ultrasound vibration in base material surface
Dynamic dispersion also can avoid interface element or object phase segregation, improve metallurgical bonding quality.
The prior art of particles reiforced metal-base composition is prepared such as using electric field-ultrasonic synergistic auxiliary
It is multiple that ZL201110037706.1 Chinese invention patent discloses synthesis particle enhancing aluminium base under a kind of impulse electric field-high-energy ultrasonic
The method of condensation material, this method prepare the in-situ reactive synthesis process of metal-base composites in traditional direct reaction method
In high-energy ultrasonic and pulse current applied simultaneously to melt.Have studied pure Al and K2ZrF6+KBF4Pulvis is in frequency 20KHz, intensity
2W/cm2Ultrasonic load and frequency 0.1Hz, peak current density 10A/cm2Pulse current effect under, preparation
Al3Zr(s)+ZrB2(s)Particle reinforced Al matrix composite.Studies have shown that high-energy ultrasonic field is coupled with impulse electric field, original can be improved
The thermodynamics and dynamics of position particles generation reaction, promote the mixing between reactant and melt, are suitble to preparation High-performance micro-nano
Rice grain enhances composite material.But the technology is only applicable to the grain reinforced metal under the compound auxiliary of pulse current-ultrasonic wave
Whether based composites preparation, Composite Field auxiliary are suitable for connection of the metal-base composites with different material not yet it is found that making simultaneously
Also have with device dramatically different.
Use the prior art such as ZL200510009958.8 of ultrasonic wave added resistance welding method connection aluminum matrix composite
Number Chinese invention patent discloses a kind of aluminium base composite material ultra sonic electrical resistance welding method, and the purpose of this method is to overcome aluminium base
The shortcomings that composite material must weld under vacuum conditions, the resistance heat generated by electric current by solder and base material combination interface
It instead of radiant heat, and assists applying ultrasonic activation, brazing flux, resistance heating are quick, apply without using for this method advantage
Ultrasonic wave can remove the oxidation film of welding surface, improve the wetability of solder, both improve binding performance, it is comprehensive to improve connector
Performance.But the technology does not have arteries and veins without the discharge plasma that pulse current generates at different material interface using electrostatic field
The effect rushed current reduction atom diffusion activation energy, promote combination interface metallurgical reaction, the different material interface of cleaning.And this method is only fitted
For the connection between aluminum matrix composite, pulse current-ultrasonic wave is compound to be assisted while acting on metal-base composites
It prepares the research connected with different material to be then rarely reported, if also do not know yet suitable for the connection of metal-base composites/alloy.
Above-mentioned and other correlative study, not by pulse current-ultrasonic wave it is compound auxiliary and meanwhile act on metal-based compound
Material preparation is connected with different material, and research object be not related to the connection between metal-base composites and alloy.Usual situation
Under, the sintering of metal-base composites and the connection of the material and alloy are independent from each other process, and the present invention is by Metal Substrate
Composite powder green compact sintering with different material connecting integration, not only simplify preparation flow, can more make full use of powder compared with
Bigger serface extends the contact area of composite material and middle layer alloy, alloy to be connect, and increases diffusion and metallurgical reaction circle
Face area is the new method that a kind of process is simple, device integration is good, preparation efficiency is high.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims at the connection procedures for solving above-mentioned reinforced phase and metallic matrix sintering and sintered body and alloy
In, existing dissimilar materials materialization difference is big, the retardance of material surface oxidation film, interface atoms diffusion difficulty is high, metallurgical reaction is difficult
The problem of degree is big, connector bonding strength is low, unstable quality provides sintering and the company of a kind of pulse current-ULTRASONIC COMPLEX auxiliary
Synchronous method and device are connect, the present invention also by the secondary free baking of composite material and different material connecting integration, solves low efficiency, sets
Standby demanding defect.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization：
A kind of metal-base composites sintering synchronized links method of impulse electric field and ultrasonic field auxiliary, includes the following steps：
（1）, polished with sand paper base material I and II welding surface of base material, and carry out ultrasonic cleaning in acetone, will be active after drying
Middle layer Alloy Foil is placed between base material I and base material II and constitutes experimental material；Wherein, base material I is metal-base composites, female
Material II is alloy material；
（2）, adjust the axial compressive force that is applied in experimental material and be maintained between 5 ~ 10MPa, adjust heating furnace for experimental material
Ambient temperature rises to 200 ~ 400 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30 ~ 60s；
（3）, accessing pulse current, set 0.1 ~ 10A/cm for peak current density2, 0.1 ~ 10Hz of pulse frequency, heterogeneous material
Material sintering or the control of diffusion weld interface temperature are at 500 ~ 1000 DEG C, and liquid phase is thin between increase pressure reduces two base materials to 15 ~ 20MPa
Film thickness, 30 ~ 60s of soaking time；
（4）, axial compressive force is reduced to 3MPa, apply ultrasonic wave, frequency is 1 ~ 20KHz, 5 ~ 50 μm of amplitude, 5 ~ 18W/ of intensity
cm2Introducing ultrasonic time is 1 ~ 50s；
（5）, setting ultrasonic time after, close ultrasonic-frequency power supply, axial compressive force is promoted to 15 ~ 20MPa, is closed after 2 ~ 5min
Impulse generator power supply, subsequent cooled to room temperature simultaneously take out experimental material.
Based on the above method, the metal-base composites sintering synchronized links dress of impulse electric field and the ultrasonic field auxiliary of use
Set, including for experimental material provide auxiliary thermal source heating system, for experimental material apply pulse current electric field
Generation and conduction device, the ultrasonic wave for applying ultrasonic vibration to experimental material occurs and conducting system.
Experimental material is by with bridging arrangement（Or docking structure）Base material I and base material II and be located at faying surface（Or it is right
Junction）Between middle layer Alloy Foil composition.
The heating system for providing auxiliary thermal source includes for adding to experimental material offer diffusion welding (DW) preheating and auxiliary thermal source
Hot stove, the heating furnace is interior to install thermocouple, and what installation was connect with thermocouple outside the heating furnace is used for control and test experience
The temperature control device of the ambient temperature of material.
The electric field for applying pulse current occurs and conduction device includes the Pulsed Electric Fields Generator outside heating furnace, described
The positive direct-current high voltage pulse output and ground of Pulsed Electric Fields Generator is located in heating furnace by contact conductor connection respectively
Electric pole plate and lower electrode plate, the experimental material is located on lower electrode plate, and insulating sleeve is cased with outside the contact conductor；Institute
It states lower electrode plate and is connected with lower insulation compression bar, the lower insulation compression bar connects lower lock block after being pierced by heating furnace；The electric pole plate
Insulate compression bar in connection, and the upper insulation compression bar connects upper holder block after being pierced by heating furnace；The lower lock block is gone up and down by ball-screw
Device driving, the axial compressive force that the upper holder block applies experimental material are provided by hydraulic device.
The ultrasonic wave for applying ultrasonic vibration occurs and conducting system includes ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic wave transfer device,
Power supply occurs by ultrasonic wave for ultrasonic generator and piezoelectric ceramic transducer forms；Ultrasonic wave transfer device includes making pottery with piezoelectricity
The amplitude transformer of porcelain energy converter connection, the amplitude transformer connect ultrasonic transmission bar, and the ultrasonic transmission boom end installs ultrasonic head, institute
It states ultrasonic head portion downward and compresses experimental material, depressing force is provided by hanging on clump weight on ultrasonic transmission bar, described super
It is separated between sound transmission bar and heating furnace cavity using insulating ceramics sealing ring.
When implementation, heating system of the present invention includes providing the heating of heat source for experiment exemplar preheating and heat preservation
Furnace is connected with thermocouple for controlling and detecting furnace inner environment temperature outside furnace set on the thermocouple of heating furnace inside cavity
Temperature controller.Auxiliary heating power supply is thermoelectricity occasionally high-frequency induction heating, and power supply is 220v AC welding set, it is possible to provide 50 ~
500 DEG C of temperature range.
Pulse current application system of the present invention includes pulse current power supply, the power-on and power-off for connecting pulse power the two poles of the earth
Pole plate, insulation compression bar and upper lower lock block, electric pole plate are contacted with experimental material upper surface up and down, lower electrode plate and experimental material
Following table face contact, to form pulse current closed circuit.Pulse current power supply uses impulse current generator, is number with IGBT
Word power module, super-microcrystalline soft magnetic alloy material are transformer core, are furnished with voltage, electric current automatic feedback, system fault diagnosis
Defencive function, current peak density are 0.1 ~ 10A/cm2, pulse frequency is 1 ~ 30Hz.It impulse current generator output end and connects
Ground terminal passes through contact conductor respectively and is connected with upper bottom crown.Electrode plate is disc, and power-on and power-off pole plate is used as experimental material simultaneously
Upper push-down head, lower electrode plate also plays experimental material objective table, and electrode material is yttrium tungsten alloy, and outside contact conductor
It is coated with ceramic insulation casing.Upper and lower pressure bar passes through heating furnace working cavity furnace wall up and down, and uses heat resistant and wear resistant ceramic jacket
Cylinder separates compression bar and furnace body, guarantees cavity sealing.Upper and lower pressure bar is connected outside cavity with upper lower lock block, is controlled by pressure and lifting
System processed adjusts upper lower lock block position and keeps the axial compressive force to experimental material, and electric pole plate passes through upper insulation compression bar and upper pressure
Block is connected, and is driven by hydraulic, air pressure or mechanical pressurization device, the axial stroke with 4 ~ 7cm, to cooperate lower electrode plate common
Axial compressive force is applied to experimental material, lower electrode plate is connect by lower insulation compression bar with lower lock block, in bottom ball-screw apparatus
Drive lower adjustment position so as to place different size exemplars, and keep enough contact action power with ultrasonic vibration head, under
Electrode plate has the axial stroke of 2 ~ 4cm.Therefore upper lower lock block range is respectively 4 ~ 7cm and 2 ~ 4cm, it can be according to sample thickness
Degree adjustment pressure head spacing and sample position, it is ensured that pressure head compresses sample and simultaneously keeps set pressure, and make fixed ultrasonic head with
Specimen surface generates contact force.Electrode is that tungsten alloy material, compression bar and briquetting are AL2O3Ceramic material, wherein compression bar and electrode
Surface is coated with high temperature resistant anti-oxidation material, avoids that oxidative phenomena occurs under non-vacuum condition.Pressuring method be hydraulic, air pressure or
The mechanical pressurization devices such as lead screw act on upper holder block by upper insulation compression bar and are transferred to electric pole plate to the axial pressure of experimental material application
Power, lower electrode plate lift adjustment system are ball-screw apparatus, play the role of support and adjust experimental material axial position.
Ultrasonic field application system of the present invention includes ultrasonic power, vibration device and by ultrasonic wave load transmission
To the ultrasonic vibration transmission system of experiment exemplar；Ultrasonic vibration apparatus include connect ultrasonic-frequency power supply piezoelectric ceramic transducer,
Fixing bolt, ultrasonic amplitude transformer, ultrasonic load transfer system include that connection bolt, transmission lever, ultrasonic head, bracket and pressurization are matched
Pouring weight.（Laterally drive ultrasonic welding system）Ultrasonic transmission bar passes through heating furnace working chamber sidewall, and one end affixed is set with ultrasonic
In contacting in furnace with experimental material upper surface, the amplitude transformer of the other end and power Vltrasonic device is placed in outside furnace through flanged joint,
Ultrasonic head is fixedly arranged on transmitting boom end for compressing experimental material and applying ultrasonic vibration, and clump weight, which is hung in the middle part of connecting rod, to be made
Ultrasonic head generates enough lower pressure.Piezoelectric ceramic transducer is fixed in amplitude transformer, and transmission lever and ultrasonic head are in furnace interior point
It is made of insulating ceramics.The vibration frequency of ultrasonic generator is 1 ~ 20KHz and 5 ~ 20W/cm2Oscillation intensity.
The present invention has the advantage that and effect compared with traditional technology：
1, the present invention external impulse electric field and ultrasonic field is compound, act on the preparation of the metal-base composites containing reinforced phase with
And the diffusion connection procedure of the metal-base composites and different alloys.Because pulse current is by overlap joint material, in dissimilar materials
Interface forms the main energetic of resistance heat and plasma discharge heat as interface atoms diffusion and metallurgical reaction, to greatly drop
Low external radiations heat energy is only brought rapidly up in welding part and reaches connection temperature, to realize differential thermal welding manner, avoids to be welded
Material generates violent thermal expansion effects, reduces postwelding residual thermal stress, reduces energy consumption while greatly improving welding efficiency.Electricity
Pulse can reduce the Apparent activation energy of elements diffusion activation energy and interfacial reaction, may advantageously facilitate atom diffusion, it is anti-to improve interface
Answer the speed of growth；As the temperature of Bimaterial in terface increases rapidly, after reaching metallic matrix or middle layer alloy melting point, material
Material generates liquid phase, external ultrasonic field sound wave causes acoustic cavitation and acoustic streaming effect in liquid material, can change in contact microcell fusing
The growth characteristics for becoming interfacial reaction object, brittlement phase, low melting point eutectic tissue content at control interface promote enhancing phase amount and
Cloth degree, one upgrading of double complex effect one speed-raisings can be obviously improved sintering and welding efficiency, guarantee sintering and connection matter
Amount.
2, the present invention realizes the connection of composite material and alloy by the diffusion-sintering of the two, thus by metal-based compound
Prepared by the sintering of material and the two independent Process fusions of the connection of the material and alloy are a step, only needs before process implementing
Metal-base composites is pre-sintered, preparation flow can be simplified, improved efficiency, reduce equipment requirement.
3, heat source of the present invention includes two parts, and a part is heating furnace radiant heat for promoting base material ambient temperature,
Play the role of preheating base material and middle layer, another part is that pulse current passes through reinforced phase/metallic matrix, metal-based compound material
The resistance heat and plasma discharge heat that material/middle layer, middle layer/alloy interface generate, the partial heat is for being promoted rapidly
Reinforced phase/metallic matrix sintered interface, base material/middle layer diffusion linkage interface temperature cause sintering or welding temperature.Based on arteries and veins
The complex effect of electric current and ultrasonic field is rushed, on the one hand can increase sintered interface temperature rapidly, reduces radiant heat and sintering time, separately
On the one hand constantly abolish interface oxidation film, thus the sintering and connection procedure be not necessarily in vacuum or protective atmosphere environment into
Row.
4, the method for the invention, by the synthesis of the metal-base composites containing reinforced phase and the welding of the material and alloy
Process integration, preparation time foreshorten to 5 ~ 15min, shorten 90% or more than the prior art, composite inner reinforced phase particle
It is evenly distributed, reinforced phase accounting improves in connector, and weld metal zone brittle intermetallic thing is reduced.Especially matrix and particle sintered interface,
The diffusion linkage interface of base material and middle layer alloy is clean, has been obviously improved the comprehensive mechanical performance of sintering connector.
The present invention has rational design, and the metal-base composites of specially a kind of pulse current and ULTRASONIC COMPLEX auxiliary is being sintered
While with alloy be diffused the technology of connection, the magnesium of especially a kind of reinforced phase containing high-volume fractional（Or copper）Base composite wood
The method being connect while material sintering with stainless steel.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows pulse current of the present invention-ultrasonic wave added metal-base composites sintering and the composite material/alloy diffusion
Attachment device schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 indicates ultrasonic wave added schematic device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 indicates present invention pressurization and jacking system schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 indicates that experimental material and middle layer alloy overlap schematic diagram.
In figure：1- Pulsed Electric Fields Generator, 2- insulating sleeve, 3- experimental material, electrode plate under 4-, 5- electric pole plate, 6-
Upper insulation compression bar, insulate under 7- compression bar, 8- thermocouple, 9-, and power supply occurs for 10- ultrasonic wave, 11- piezoelectric ceramic transducer, and 12- is super
Sound transmission bar, 13- pressure and lifting integrated control device, 14- heating furnace, 15- upper holder block, 16- lower lock block, 17- ball-screw
Lifting device, 18- contact conductor, 19- ultrasonic vibration head, 20- insulated enclosure circle, 21- amplitude transformer, 22- clump weight, 24- support
Seat, 25- feeding motor, 26- ball-screw, 27- sliding lifting platform, 28- shaft coupling, 29- base material I, 30- middle layer Alloy Foil,
31- base material II.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the present invention is further elaborated, but explained below is merely to illustrate this hair
It is bright, rather than present invention is limited in any form.
A kind of impulse electric field and the metal-base composites sintering synchronized links experimental provision of ultrasonic field auxiliary include being used for
Experimental material 3 provides the heating system of auxiliary thermal source, and the electric field for applying pulse current to experimental material 3 occurs and conduction fills
It sets, the ultrasonic wave for applying ultrasonic vibration to experimental material 3 occurs and conducting system.
As shown in figure 4, experimental material 3 is by between the base material I 29 with bridging arrangement and base material II 31 and faying surface
Middle layer Alloy Foil 30 forms.Base material I 29 is metal-base composites, can be SiC and/or Al2O3And/or TiC and/or B4C
Ceramic particle enhances magnesium（Or copper）Based composites, carbon fiber reinforced magnesium（Or copper）Based composites, SiC and/or Al2O3And/or
ZrO2Whisker reinforcement magnesium（Or copper）One of based composites.Base material II 31 is alloy material, can be stainless steel or titanium closes
Gold.Stainless steel can choose 304 stainless steels or 316L stainless steel, titanium alloy can choose TC4, TC6 or TA15.Middle layer alloy
Foil can choose Ag base or Al base active intermediate Alloy Foil.Wherein, Ag base active intermediate Alloy Foil is Ag-Cu-Ti, Ag-
One of Cu-Pd or Ag-Cu-Zn alloy；Al base active intermediate Alloy Foil is Al-Si, Al-Si-Mg or Al-Cu-Mg conjunction
One of gold.In the present embodiment, base material I 29 and base material II 31 are respectively the silicon carbide magnesium with ladder plate bridging arrangement
Based composites and 316L stainless steel plate are placed between two base materials or more faying surface.In the present embodiment, middle layer Alloy Foil 30
For Ag-Cu-Ti Alloy Foil.
As shown in Figure 1, auxiliary heating system includes for providing the close of diffusion welding (DW) preheating and auxiliary thermal source to experimental material 3
Seal heating furnace 14, the thermocouple 8 being placed in heating furnace 14, be placed in cavity it is outer connect with thermocouple 8 be used to controlling and detecting reality
Test the temperature control device 9 of the ambient temperature of material 3.Auxiliary heating system uses 220V AC power supply, the work of heating furnace 14
Making temperature range is room temperature to 500 DEG C.
As shown in Figure 1, impulse electric field application system is by Pulsed Electric Fields Generator 1, the positive direct-current arteries and veins of Pulsed Electric Fields Generator 1
It leaps high and output and ground is pressed to pass through electric pole plate 5 and lower electrode plate that the connection of contact conductor 18 is located in heating furnace 14 respectively
4, experimental material 3 is located on lower electrode plate 4, and insulating sleeve 2 is cased with outside contact conductor 18；Lower electrode plate 4 is connected with lower insulation pressure
Bar 7, lower insulation compression bar 7 connect lower lock block 16 after being pierced by heating furnace 14；Insulate compression bar 6 in the connection of electric pole plate 5, upper insulation compression bar
6 are pierced by connection upper holder block 15 after heating furnace 14；Lower lock block 16 is driven by ball screw lift device 17,17 pairs of experiment materials of upper holder block
The axial compressive force that material 3 applies is provided by hydraulic device.It is connected respectively with generator positive direct-current high voltage pulse output and ground
Electric pole plate 5 and lower electrode plate 4, the position of top crown 5 determines that lower electrode plate 4 is being rolled with push-down head with the stroke of upper holder block
The drive of ballscrew sliding lifting platform 27 moves down, and power-on and power-off pole plate stroke is respectively 6cm and 3cm, power-on and power-off pole plate difference
It is bolted with upper and lower insulation compression bar, lower electrode plate 4 plays the role of objective table simultaneously, by experimental material 3 as lower electricity
On pole plate.Binding post is welded on power-on and power-off pole plate, binding post is connect with contact conductor 18 by nut, contact conductor 18
The other end is connect with the impulse current generator 1 of heating furnace containment portion.It is cased on contact conductor 18 for by lead and heating
The insulating sleeve 2 of furnace isolation.In the present embodiment, power-on and power-off pole plate is made of yttrium tungsten alloy, and 5 diameter of electric pole plate is
36cm, lower 4 diameter of electrode plate are 34cm；In the present embodiment, insulating sleeve is made of quartz glass, and contact conductor is by high temperature resistant
Silver-coated copper wire is made.It is 0.1 ~ 5A/cm that impulse current generator, which can produce current peak density, in the present embodiment2Pulse it is high
Pressure, pulse frequency are 1 ~ 20Hz.
As shown in figure 3, pressure applies and lower lock block jacking system includes pressure and lifting integrated control device 13, upper holder block
15, lower lock block 16, the ball screw lift device 17 of insulate up and down compression bar 6,7 and control lower lock block position, upper holder block is to reality
The axial compressive force for testing material application is provided by hydraulic device.Ball screw lift device 17 include support base 24, feeding motor 25,
Ball-screw 26 slides lifting platform 27 and shaft coupling 28, installs two ball-screws 26, two balls side by side in support base 24
Sliding lifting platform 27 is installed by bearing respectively on lead screw 26, lower lock block 16 is located on sliding lifting platform 27, and ball-screw 26 is logical
It crosses shaft coupling 28 and feeding motor 25 exports axis connection.Insulation compression bar is made of high temperature resistant, high voltage bearing insulating ceramic materials, with
14 contact area of heating furnace is separated by sealing ring.Lower electrode plate can be adjusted to suitable position under the drive of ball-screw apparatus 17
It sets, to keep certain contact pressure with 12 end of ultrasonic transmission bar, realizes the transmitting of ultrasonic wave.Position adjustment finishes, then
Certain lower pressure is generated by upper holder block, pressure system can apply 0.1 ~ 20MPa welding pressure.In the present embodiment, insulation pressure
Bar is by Al resistant to high temperature2O3Ceramics are made.In the present embodiment, pressure and lifting are controlled by press machine lifting integrated control device 13
System.In the present embodiment, after sliding block lifting platform 27 to suitable position, after lifting platform position is fixed by locking system, then by upper
Briquetting 15 presses.
As shown in Fig. 2, ultrasonic wave application system includes ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic wave is transferred to experimental material 3
Ultrasonic wave transfer device, power supply 10 occurs by ultrasonic wave for ultrasonic generator and piezoelectric ceramic transducer 11 forms；Ultrasonic wave
Transfer device includes amplitude transformer 21, ultrasonic transmission bar 12, is fixedly arranged on the ultrasonic head 19 of ultrasonic transmission boom end, and head is downward simultaneously
Experimental material is compressed, depressing force is provided by the clump weight 22 for hanging on 12 lower part of transmission lever, and ultrasonic transmission bar passes through with amplitude transformer
It is bolted.It is separated between ultrasonic transmission bar and heating furnace cavity with insulating ceramics sealing ring 20.In the present embodiment, ultrasonic transmission bar
12, ultrasonic vibration head 19, insulated enclosure circle 20 is made of silicon nitride ceramics.In the present embodiment, ultrasonic wave occurs power supply 10 and produces
Raw ultrasonic signal, converts the signal to mechanical oscillation through ceramic transducer 11, and further put amplitude by amplitude transformer 21
Big and cumulative is transferred to experimental material 3 finally by ultrasonic head 19, and producible ultrasonic activation intensity is 5 ~ 18W/cm2, vibration
Width is that 5 ~ 30 μm of vibration frequencies are 20 ~ 40KHz.
In the other embodiments of other compound auxiliary diffusion welders of pulse current-ultrasonic wave of the invention, top electrode
The spacing of plate 5 and lower electrode plate 4 can with 14 lifting travel of jacking system and compression system upper holder block 15 movement without
Together.
In the other embodiments of the compound auxiliary diffusion welders of the other pulse current-ultrasonic waves of the present invention, auxiliary adds
Hot systems can use various heating sources, such as thermocouple heating, high-frequency induction heating.
In the other embodiments of other compound auxiliary diffusion welders of pulse current-ultrasonic wave of the invention, electrode draws
Line can be made of platinum-rhodium alloy, nichrome, nickel silicon alloy or pure platinum product matter.
In the other embodiments of other compound auxiliary diffusion welders of pulse current-ultrasonic wave of the invention, ultrasound is passed
The material for passing bar, ultrasonic vibration head, insulation compression bar, insulating sleeve, insulated enclosure circle and binding post can be other high hard resistance to height
Warm ceramic material.
In the other embodiments of other compound auxiliary diffusion welders of pulse current-ultrasonic wave of the invention.
Purpose to realize the present invention, in conjunction with the schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention（Such as Fig. 1）, illustrate to realize the method for the present invention such as
Under：
A, the preparation of experimental material：
Material：The magnesium alloy or copper alloy powder for selecting micron level are as basis material, micron level（≤20μm）Reinforced phase
（Such as SiC ceramic particle）, a certain proportion of reinforced phase particle and basis material are carried out by high energy ball using high-energy ball milling method first
Aurification is merged, drum's speed of rotation is 1200 ~ 1500rpm, and reinforcement and basis material are uniformly mixed by 6 ~ 10h of Ball-milling Time, benefit
It is sintered with vacuum sintering furnace mixed-powder, pre-burning caked mass is prepared under 2 ~ 3MPa pressure.Middle layer alloy is made thin
Sheet.
Pre-burning agglomeration and alloy welding surface are polished flat using diamond disk, is bright and clean, then with 0.5 μm of Buddha's warrior attendant
The polishing of stone polishing machine, until interface light is smooth, and cleans composite material pre-sintered body and alloy surface with acetone, dries or shine
It does spare.
B, the building and debugging of sintering equipment
Sintering equipment main body is by sintering furnace body, impulse current generator and ultrasonic generator group with load coil
At.Pulse high current can form discharge plasma at different material interface, and generate external field effect；Ultrasonic load transfer means
It is contacted with composite sample un-joined surfaces, generates the ultrasonic field-effect such as ultrasonic vibration and acoustic streaming, schematic device such as Fig. 1 institute
Show.Composite material is pre-sintered sample, middle layer Alloy Foil and alloy sample to assemble as shown in Figure 4, is placed in lower electrode plate
Disk upper surface, power-on and power-off pole plate will test exemplar and be compacted, debugging impulse current generator to suitable polarity, electric current, voltage,
Ultrasonic generator is debugged to suitable frequency, is opened when to be sintered, the double sintering mold of the device no setting is required pre-sintered body.
C, sintering procedure
Apply lower radiations heat energy, preheat exemplar and middle layer alloy, based on reasonable application sequence, is passed through pulse current and adds
Carry ultrasonic wave load, when work, pulse high current is via top electrode → sample → lower electrode → power supply.Pulse current can enhance
Phase/metallic matrix, metal-base composites are pre-sintered base/middle layer Alloy Foil and middle layer Alloy Foil/alloy interface
Generation resistance heat, plasma discharge heat are brought rapidly up different material interface to sintering temperature, cause other materials in addition to reinforced phase
Material（Including metallic matrix, alloy sample and middle layer）Fusing in various degree occurs in Bimaterial in terface part.In addition,
Electric field causes diffusion effect, discharge impact pressure and ultrasonic field acoustic cavitation, the compound action of acoustic streaming effect, can reduce elements diffusion
Activation energy purifies activated interfaces, abolishes material surface oxidation film, while realizing the sintering and composite material/conjunction of composite material
The low temperature of gold, quick, high quality metallurgy connection.
Realize that the feature in terms of impulse electric field and ultrasonic field parameters of the invention is as follows：
A, the impulse electric field parameter of application is：Pulse current category square wave direct current electricity exports 1000 ~ 4000A of electric current, temperature-rise period electricity
Stream is not less than 1200A, and insulating process electric current is not less than 300A, 3 ~ 10min of conduction time, and pulse ratio frequency is 1 ~ 30Hz.
B, the ultrasonic parameters of application are：1 ~ 20KHz of frequency, 5 ~ 50 μm of amplitude, introducing ultrasonic time is 1 ~ 50s, tool
3 ~ 10mm of head area2, ultrasonic intensity is 5 ~ 18W/cm2。
Using being particularly advantageous in that for the method for the present invention, the sintering of metal-base composites is connected while being carried out with different material；
Pulse current flows through experimental material, causes interface resistance heat, plasma discharge heat, is sintered and linkage interface heats up and cooling velocity
Fastly, extraneous radiant heat is reduced, connector residual stress is reduced；Using impulse electric field-ultrasonic field-pressure field coupling, abolish
Reinforced phase surface film oxide is realized and is sintered under atmospheric conditions, and atom diffusion activation energy is reduced, and promotes metallurgical interface reaction, control
Granule-morphology and scale refine interface crystal grain, improve joint quality stability, and the Metal Substrate for being conducive to prepare high combination property is multiple
Condensation material/alloy connector.
The compound auxiliary diffusion welding method of pulse current-ultrasonic wave of the invention is done below by embodiment further detailed
It describes in detail bright.
Embodiment 1
The synchronous diffusion connection 316L stainless steel plate of the compound auxiliary SiC magnesium-based composite material sintering of pulse current-ultrasonic wave.
1, experimental material is prepared
A, base material to be welded is that high-volume fractional SiC magnesium-based powder is pre-sintered base and 316L stainless steel plate, is cut into 8 × 15 × 30mm
Cuboid, and process the bridging arrangement of stepped, and polished base material welding surface with 800# ~ 1200# sand paper, in acetone
Ultrasonic cleaning is dried spare.It is pre-sintered base carry out double sintering synchronous during diffusion welding (DW), wherein SiC reinforced phase
Volume fraction is 10% ~ 50%, and SiC powder average diameter is 100nm, and metallic matrix is AZ61 magnesium alloy-powder；
B, by middle layer Ag-21Cu-4.5Ti（Ag content 74.5%, Cu content 21%, Ti content 4.5%）Alloy is cut into 8 × 8 ×
The thin slice of 0.3mm, ultrasonic cleaning, dries spare in acetone；
C, middle layer Alloy Foil is placed between base material faying surface, and two pieces of base material make-ups is assembled together, be placed in lower electrode
On plate face, starting pressure apparatus applies the initial pressure of 5MPa to experimental material.
2, auxiliary field device debugging
A, impulse electric field power supply, supersonic generator access 220V alternating current；
B, electric pole plate is taken to connect positive direct-current high voltage pulse output end, the connection of lower electrode ground line, by the output of the pulse power
Electric current is adjusted to 1200A, and pulse frequency is closed the pulse power after being set as 20Hz, opened when needing wait test；
C, supersonic generator intensity is adjusted to 5W/cm2, supersonic frequency be adjusted to 20KHz, adjust the ball-screw apparatus of lower part,
Ultrasonic vibration head is contacted and compressed with the non-solder surface of composite material, ultrasonic generator power supply, unlatching when testing are closed.
3, diffusion welding (DW) process
The volume fraction that SiC enhances reinforced phase in magnesium-based composite material is 10% ~ 50%, as ceramic particle volume fraction is promoted：
I, composite material is pre-sintered the decline of base electric conductivity；II, SiC particulate/AZ61, SiC particulate/Ag-21Cu-4.5Ti heterogeneous interface increase
Greatly, the physico-chemical property significant difference of SiC particulate and metal；III, greater area of ceramic particle oxidation film blocks elements diffusion；With
Upper reason causes the reinforced phase experimental material of more high-volume fractional to correspond to higher pulse current density and ultrasound intensity.10%~
The range of the 50% corresponding peak value of pulse density of enhancing phase volume fraction, ultrasound intensity and supersonic frequency is respectively, 0.5 ~
4.5A/cm2, 6 ~ 18W/cm2With 20 ~ 30KHz, other parameters are without changing.The present embodiment is with 30%（>=30% is high volume point
Number）SiC ceramic reinforced phase be specific implementation object, a) adjust heating furnace and base material ambient temperature risen to 300 DEG C, heat preservation
60s；Peak current density is 3A/cm by b) accessing pulse current2The control of contact surface temperature is at 600 ~ 800 DEG C, soaking time
50s increases pressure and reduces liquid phase film thickness between two base materials to 20MPa；C) reduce pressure to 2MPa start Vltrasonic device,
The ultrasonic frequency of application be 22KHz, 20 μm of amplitude, intensity 12W/cm2Introducing ultrasonic time is 30s；D) ultrasonic time is set
After, ultrasonic-frequency power supply is closed, impulse generator power supply is closed after 60s, 20MPa axial compressive force is applied to base material, then allows examination
Part cooled to room temperature simultaneously takes out sample.
4, using the shear strength of universal tensile testing machine measurement lap joint, it is 76.5MPa through testing result, is higher than heat
The bonding strength of pressure sintering and SPS sintering.
Embodiment 2
The synchronous diffusion connection Ti-6Al-4V alloy of the compound auxiliary B4C Cu-base composites sintering of pulse current-ultrasonic wave.
1, experimental material is prepared
A, base material to be welded is high-volume fractional B4C Cu-base powder is pre-sintered base and Ti-6Al-4V（Ti content 90%, Al content 6%, V
Content 4%）Alloy sheets, are cut into the cuboid of 8 × 15 × 30mm, and with 800#~1200#Sand paper polishing base material welding surface,
Ultrasonic cleaning in acetone is dried spare.It is pre-sintered base carry out double sintering synchronous during diffusion welding (DW), wherein B4C increases
The volume fraction of strong phase is 10% ~ 50%, B4C powder average diameter is 100nm, and Cu powder is aerosolization ball-type powder；
B, by middle layer Al-12Si（Al content 88%, Si content 12%）Amorphous alloy is cut into the thin slice of 8 × 8 × 0.3mm,
Ultrasonic cleaning in acetone is dried spare；
C, middle layer Alloy Foil is placed between base material faying surface, and two pieces of base materials is assembled by docking mode, be placed in lower electrode
On plate face, starting pressure apparatus applies the initial pressure of 5MPa to base material.
2, auxiliary field device debugging
A, impulse electric field power supply, supersonic generator access 220V alternating current；
B, electric pole plate is taken to connect positive direct-current high voltage pulse output end, the connection of lower electrode ground line, by the output of the pulse power
Electric current is adjusted to 1200A, and pulse frequency is closed the pulse power after being set as 20Hz, opened when needing wait test；
C, supersonic generator intensity is adjusted to 5W/cm2, supersonic frequency be adjusted to 20KHz, adjust the ball-screw apparatus of lower part,
Ultrasonic vibration head is contacted and compressed with the non-solder surface of composite material, ultrasonic generator power supply, unlatching when testing are closed.
3, diffusion welding (DW) process
B4The volume fraction that C enhances reinforced phase in Cu-base composites is 10% ~ 50%, as ceramic particle volume fraction is promoted：
I, composite material is pre-sintered the decline of base electric conductivity；Ⅱ,B4C particle/Cu, B4C particle/Al-12Si heterogeneous interface increases, B4C particle
With the physico-chemical property significant difference of metal；III, greater area of ceramic particle oxidation film blocks elements diffusion；The above reason causes
The reinforced phase experimental material of more high-volume fractional corresponds to higher pulse current density and ultrasound intensity.10% ~ 50% reinforced phase body
The range of the corresponding peak value of pulse density of fraction, ultrasound intensity and supersonic frequency is respectively 1 ~ 5A/cm2, 8 ~ 18W/cm2With
20 ~ 30KHz, other parameters are without changing.The present embodiment is with 30% B4C ceramic enhancement phase is specific implementation object, a) adjusts and adds
Base material ambient temperature is risen to 350 DEG C by hot stove, keeps the temperature 60s；Peak current density is 3.5A/cm by b) accessing pulse current2
Contact surface temperature is controlled at 600 ~ 800 DEG C, soaking time 80s, is increased pressure and is reduced liquid phase film thickness between two base materials to 20MPa
Degree；C) it reducing pressure and starts Vltrasonic device to 2MPa, the ultrasonic frequency of application is 30KHz, 20 μm of amplitude, intensity 12.5W/
cm2Introducing ultrasonic time is 40s；D) after setting ultrasonic time, ultrasonic-frequency power supply is closed, impulse generator electricity is closed after 100s
Source applies 20MPa axial compressive force to base material, then allows and test specimen cooled to room temperature and take out sample.
4, using the shear strength of universal tensile testing machine measurement lap joint, it is 82.6MPa through testing result, is higher than heat
The bonding strength of pressure sintering and SPS sintering.
Joint form in both examples above between base material is also possible to lap joint and is also possible to banjo fixing butt jointing form,
Pressure applying means can be the mechanical devices such as hydraulic device or ball-screw.
The working principle of the composite material double sintering synchronous different material diffusion welding (DW) of Composite Field auxiliary：In pulse current and ultrasound
Under the complex effect of vibration, the double sintering and the composite material/alloy of the metal-base composites of reinforced phase are synchronously completed
Diffusion connection.Composite Field is applied to composite material double sintering first, and pulse current is pre- to Ceramic Reinforced MMCs
Sintered blank plays the role of discharge plasma sintering, removes different material interface oxidation film in conjunction with ultrasonic vibration, prevents reinforced phase
Reunite, improves its uniformly distributed degree；Secondly Composite Field is connected applied to the diffusion of composite material/alloy, and impulse electric field can reduce member
Plain diffusion activation energy replaces external heat source by the heat of interface contact resistance caused by pulse current and plasma discharge heat, only interface
Part generates TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE, avoids crystal grain from growing up, prevents the excessive corrode of base material, thermal deformation, speed of welding are fast；Involved using ultrasound
Pulse current to the purification activation on base material surface and to surface film oxide abolish and ultrasound removal of impurities effect replaces vacuum or lazy
The protective effect of property gas.To realize in no external heat source, atmospheric environment, metal-base composites/alloy is efficient, high
Reliability, low temperature, low residual stress metallurgical bonding.
It should be noted last that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although ginseng
It is described in detail according to the embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art should understand that, to technical side of the invention
Case is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered of the invention
In claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of impulse electric field and the metal-base composites of ultrasonic field auxiliary are sintered synchronous connecting device, it is characterised in that：Packet
It includes for experimental material（3）The heating system of auxiliary thermal source is provided, for experimental material（3）Apply the electric field of pulse current
Generation and conduction device, for experimental material（3）The ultrasonic wave for applying ultrasonic vibration occurs and conducting system；
Experimental material（3）By the base material I with bridging arrangement or docking structure（29）With base material II（31）And it is located at faying surface
Or the middle layer Alloy Foil between interface（30）Composition；
The heating system for providing auxiliary thermal source includes for experimental material（3）The heating of diffusion welding (DW) preheating and auxiliary thermal source is provided
Furnace（14）, the heating furnace（14）Interior installation thermocouple（8）, the heating furnace（14）Outer installation and thermocouple（8）The use of connection
In control and test experience material（3）Ambient temperature temperature control device（9）；
The electric field for applying pulse current occurs and conduction device includes being located at heating furnace（14）Outer Pulsed Electric Fields Generator（1）,
The Pulsed Electric Fields Generator（1）Positive direct-current high voltage pulse output and ground pass through contact conductor respectively（18）Connection position
In heating furnace（14）Interior electric pole plate（5）With lower electrode plate（4）, the experimental material（3）Positioned at lower electrode plate（4）On, institute
State contact conductor（18）It is cased with insulating sleeve outside（2）；The lower electrode plate（4）It is connected with lower insulation compression bar（7）, the lower insulation
Compression bar（7）It is pierced by heating furnace（14）After connect lower lock block（16）；The electric pole plate（5）Insulate compression bar in connection（6）, it is described on
Insulate compression bar（6）It is pierced by heating furnace（14）After connect upper holder block（15）；The lower lock block（16）By ball screw lift device
（17）Driving, the upper holder block（17）To experimental material（3）The axial compressive force of application is provided by hydraulic device；
The ultrasonic wave for applying ultrasonic vibration occurs and conducting system includes ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic wave transfer device, ultrasound
By ultrasonic wave power supply occurs for wave generating device（10）And piezoelectric ceramic transducer（11）Composition；Ultrasonic wave transfer device includes and pressure
Electroceramics energy converter（11）The amplitude transformer of connection（21）, the amplitude transformer（21）Connect ultrasonic transmission bar（12）, the ultrasound biography
Pass bar（12）End is installed by ultrasonic head（19）, the ultrasound head（19）Head downward and compresses experimental material（3）, depressing force by
Hang on ultrasonic transmission bar（12）Upper clump weight（22）It provides, the ultrasonic transmission bar（12）With heating furnace（14）It is used between cavity
Insulating ceramics sealing ring（20）It separates.
2. the metal-base composites sintering synchronized links dress of impulse electric field according to claim 1 and ultrasonic field auxiliary
It sets, it is characterised in that：The ball screw lift device（17）Including support base（24）, feeding motor（25）, ball-screw
（26）, sliding lifting platform（27）And shaft coupling（28）, the support base（24）Two ball-screws of interior installation arranged side by side（26）, two
Root ball-screw（26）It is upper that sliding lifting platform is installed by bearing respectively（27）, the lower lock block（16）Positioned at sliding lifting platform
（27）On, the ball-screw（26）Pass through shaft coupling（28）With feeding motor（25）Export axis connection.
3. a kind of impulse electric field and the metal-base composites of ultrasonic field auxiliary are sintered synchronized links method, it is characterised in that：Packet
Include following steps：
（1）, polished with sand paper base material I and II welding surface of base material, and carry out ultrasonic cleaning in acetone, will be active after drying
Middle layer Alloy Foil is placed between base material I and base material II and constitutes experimental material；Wherein, base material I is metal-base composites, female
Material II is alloy material；
（2）, adjust the axial compressive force that is applied in experimental material and be maintained between 5 ~ 10MPa, adjust heating furnace for experimental material
Ambient temperature rises to 200 ~ 400 DEG C, keeps the temperature 30 ~ 60s；
（3）, accessing pulse current, set 0.1 ~ 10A/cm for peak current density2, 0.1 ~ 10Hz of pulse frequency, dissimilar materials
Sintering or the control of diffusion weld interface temperature increase pressure and reduce liquid phase film between two base materials to 15 ~ 20MPa at 500 ~ 1000 DEG C
Thickness, 30 ~ 60s of soaking time；
（4）, axial compressive force is reduced to 3MPa, apply ultrasonic wave, frequency is 1 ~ 20KHz, 5 ~ 50 μm of amplitude, 5 ~ 18W/cm of intensity2
Introducing ultrasonic time is 1 ~ 50s；
（5）, setting ultrasonic time after, close ultrasonic-frequency power supply, axial compressive force is promoted to 15 ~ 20MPa, is closed after 2 ~ 5min
Impulse generator power supply, subsequent cooled to room temperature simultaneously take out experimental material.
4. impulse electric field according to claim 3 and the metal-base composites of ultrasonic field auxiliary are sintered synchronized links side
Method, it is characterised in that：The metal-base composites is SiC and/or Al2O3And/or TiC and/or B4C ceramic particle enhances magnesium
（Or copper）Based composites, carbon fiber reinforced magnesium（Or copper）Based composites, SiC and/or Al2O3And/or ZrO2Whisker reinforcement magnesium
（Or copper）One of based composites.
5. impulse electric field according to claim 3 and the metal-base composites of ultrasonic field auxiliary are sintered synchronized links side
Method, it is characterised in that：The alloy material is stainless steel or titanium alloy.
6. impulse electric field according to claim 5 and the metal-base composites of ultrasonic field auxiliary are sintered synchronized links side
Method, it is characterised in that：The stainless steel is 304 stainless steels or 316L stainless steel, and the titanium alloy is TC4, TC6 or TA15.
7. impulse electric field according to claim 3 and the metal-base composites of ultrasonic field auxiliary are sintered synchronized links side
Method, it is characterised in that：The middle layer Alloy Foil is Ag base or Al base active intermediate Alloy Foil.
8. impulse electric field according to claim 7 and the metal-base composites of ultrasonic field auxiliary are sintered synchronized links side
Method, it is characterised in that：The Ag base active intermediate Alloy Foil is one in Ag-Cu-Ti, Ag-Cu-Pd or Ag-Cu-Zn alloy
Kind.
9. impulse electric field according to claim 7 and the metal-base composites of ultrasonic field auxiliary are sintered synchronized links side
Method, it is characterised in that：The Al base active intermediate Alloy Foil is one of Al-Si, Al-Si-Mg or Al-Cu-Mg alloy.
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