CN108889480B - Soluble particulate matter spraying device and cleaning method - Google Patents

Soluble particulate matter spraying device and cleaning method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108889480B
CN108889480B CN201811068472.5A CN201811068472A CN108889480B CN 108889480 B CN108889480 B CN 108889480B CN 201811068472 A CN201811068472 A CN 201811068472A CN 108889480 B CN108889480 B CN 108889480B
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spray gun
fluidization
pressure water
nozzle
particulate matter
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CN108889480A (en
Inventor
高翔
郑成航
苏秋凤
张涌新
刘少俊
吴卫红
翁卫国
王毅
曲瑞陽
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0483Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with gas and liquid jets intersecting in the mixing chamber
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50Sulfur oxides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/79Injecting reactants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/52Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter for removal of clogging particles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/55Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter using cleaning fluids
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/55Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter using cleaning fluids
    • B05B15/557Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter using cleaning fluids the cleaning fluid being a mixture of gas and liquid

Abstract

The invention relates to a soluble particulate matter spraying device and a cleaning method, wherein the device comprises a particulate matter hopper, a fluidization fan, a high-pressure water tank and a spray gun, wherein the particulate matter hopper is communicated with the spray gun through a blanking pipe, one end of the fluidization fan is communicated with an air inlet of the fluidization fan, the other end of the fluidization fan is communicated with the spray gun through a fluidization air pipeline, and the high-pressure water tank is communicated with the spray gun through a high-pressure water pipe and a high-pressure water pump. The invention has the advantages of investment saving, no secondary pollution, convenient application and the like, has the function of deeply cleaning the blockage of particles and cooperates with SO 3 The removal technique is popularized to solve the SO 3 The difficult application of the removal technology; the invention has strong expansibility in the application field and has wide popularization value.

Description

Soluble particulate matter spraying device and cleaning method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of air pollution control, and particularly relates to a soluble particulate matter spraying device and a cleaning method.
Background
The coal-fired power plant can generate a certain proportion of SO in the coal combustion process 3 The discharge into the atmosphere causes air pollution. In recent years, with the increasing strictness of environmental protection policies, particularly after ultra-low emission modification, coal-fired power plants commonly adopt SCR denitration devices to control NO in flue gas X Is used for the discharge amount of the fuel. At present, the SCR denitration devices all adopt vanadium-containing catalysts, so that NO can be effectively reduced in a catalytic manner X Can also effectively catalyze and oxidize SO 2 SO to make SO 2 Conversion to SO 3 . As such, SO that is discharged to the atmosphere 3 Besides part of the combustion process, part of the catalytic conversion of the denitration device is generated, SO that SO is greatly increased 3 The discharge amount also brings huge pressure to the pollutant control work.
At present, for SO in flue gas 3 The control technology of the method mainly comprises a low-temperature electric dust collector technology and a wet electric dust collector technology, and the limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization technology can remove a part, but has limited removal quantity. The dust removal technology is adopted, so that the dust remover needs to be modified, the investment is large, and the cost is high. How to control SO from upstream of SCR denitration device 3 The concentration is one of the main research directions of current technological workers, and achieves certain effects, such as spraying alkaline absorbent into the flue, namely typical control of SO in the flue gas 3 The new technology adopts a spraying device to spray alkaline absorbent (soluble particulate matters) into the flue gas, and the alkaline absorbent is utilized to absorb SO in the flue gas 3 Thereby realizing SO in the flue gas 3 The purpose of removal. However, in practical application, it has been found that the spraying system is blocked due to the hygroscopicity of the alkaline absorbent, the reaction with other acid gases and the incomplete cleaning during start-up and shut-down of the device.Therefore, it is necessary to develop a soluble particulate matter spraying apparatus having self-cleaning properties.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a soluble particulate matter spraying device and a cleaning method.
The utility model provides a soluble particulate matter injection apparatus, the device includes particulate matter hopper, fluidization fan, high-pressure water tank and spray gun, the particulate matter hopper is linked together with the spray gun through the unloading pipe, fluidization fan one end is linked together with fluidization fan air intake, and fluidization fan other end is linked together with the spray gun through fluidization air pipe way, high-pressure water tank is linked together with the spray gun through high-pressure water pipe, high-pressure water pump.
The soluble particulate matter spraying device is used for spraying particulate matters into the flue, the particulate matters are sprayed into the flue from the nozzle by taking the fluidization wind as a carrier to form a fluidization state, so that the sprayed particulate matters have a certain range and coverage rate, and the sprayed particulate matters have water solubility.
Preferably, the fluidization wind pipe is provided with a pressure monitor. For determining nozzle clogging.
Preferably, a blanking pipe valve is arranged on the blanking pipe, a fluidization air pipe valve is arranged on the fluidization air pipe, and a high-pressure water pipe valve is arranged on the high-pressure water pipe. Through each valve (stop valve), can carry out logic closure to unloading pipe, fluidization wind pipeline and high-pressure water pipe, water, gas, solid three-phase carries out technical matching, realizes the jetting function of particulate matter and the clean function of jetting device.
Preferably, one end of the spray gun is provided with a nozzle, the nozzle extends into the flue, and the other end of the spray gun is fixed on the wall of the flue.
Preferably, the spray gun is a three-phase flow spray gun, and the three-phase flow spray gun is one of a single-nozzle direct-blowing spray gun, a single-nozzle right-angle spray gun and a multi-nozzle right-angle spray gun; the three-phase flow spray gun and the nozzle are made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials. The wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material can be a stainless steel tube, a ceramic tube with a lining, a tube plated with nano material, a special alloy and other materials with similar functions.
Preferably, the length of the spray gun is 0.5-5 m, and the inner diameter of the spray nozzle is 10-100 mm.
The invention also provides a cleaning method of the soluble particulate matter spraying device, which comprises the following steps:
(a) Installing a spray gun and other corresponding facilities;
(b) Starting a fluidization fan to enable the whole spray gun to be filled with fluidization wind;
(c) Soluble particles in the particle hopper enter the spray gun through the blanking pipe, form a fluidization state under the action of fluidization wind, and then are sprayed into the flue through the nozzle;
(d) When the indication value of the pressure monitoring instrument on the fluidization air pipeline exceeds the normal working range, the blanking pipe valve is closed, the fluidization fan continues to provide fluidization air for the spray gun, and the indication value of the observed pressure changes;
(e) When the indication value is not changed greatly, the spray gun is flushed by high-pressure water; stopping the fluidization fan, closing a fluidization air pipeline valve, opening a high-pressure water pipeline valve and a high-pressure water pump to form a high-pressure water flow flushing spray gun and a nozzle, and simultaneously dissolving soluble particles in water, flushing the water into a flue along with the high-pressure water flow to realize the function of cleaning the nozzle;
(f) Opening a fluidization air pipeline valve and a fluidization fan at the later stage of high-pressure water flow flushing to enable fluidization air to be flushed into the spray gun, closing a high-pressure water pump and the high-pressure water pipe valve, and rapidly purging the spray gun and the spray nozzle by using the fluidization air until water stains in the spray gun and the spray nozzle are completely removed;
(g) If the indication value of the pressure monitoring instrument indicates normal, the blanking pipe valve is opened to enable the spraying device to restart normal operation, and if the indication value of the pressure monitoring instrument is slow, the steps e-f are repeated until the spraying device is recovered to normal operation.
Preferably, the fluidization fan forms high-pressure airflow through compressed air, and the total pressure of the high-pressure airflow is 10-70 kPa. Ensuring that the particulate matters are sprayed into the flue in a fluidized state.
Preferably, the length of the spray gun is 0.5-5 m, the inner diameter of the spray nozzle is 10-100 mm, the nozzle end of the spray gun stretches into the flue, and the other end of the spray gun is fixed on the wall of the flue.
Preferably, the spray gun is a three-phase flow spray gun, and the three-phase flow spray gun is one of a single-nozzle direct-blowing spray gun, a single-nozzle right-angle spray gun and a multi-nozzle right-angle spray gun; the three-phase flow spray gun and the nozzle are made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials. The wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material can be a stainless steel tube, a ceramic tube with a lining, a tube plated with nano material, a special alloy and other materials with similar functions.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the novel three-phase flow spray gun technology is developed, and the novel three-phase flow spray gun technology has the function of deeply cleaning particulate blocking;
2. investment is saved, and secondary pollution is not generated;
3. synergistic SO 3 The removal technique is popularized to solve the SO 3 The difficult application of the removal technology;
4. the complete set of assembly and application are convenient;
5. the expansibility of the application field is strong, and the method has wide popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the horizontal arrangement of a soluble particulate matter spraying device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the vertical arrangement of the soluble particulate matter spraying device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the single nozzle direct-blowing lance of this invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of a single nozzle right angle spray gun of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the multi-nozzle right angle spray gun of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a soluble particulate matter spraying device comprises a particulate matter hopper 1, a fluidization fan 3, a high-pressure water tank 7 and a spray gun 4, wherein the particulate matter hopper 1 is communicated with the spray gun 4 through a blanking pipe 2, one end of the fluidization fan 3 is communicated with an air inlet 3-1 of the fluidization fan, the other end of the fluidization fan is communicated with the spray gun 4 through a fluidization air pipeline 3-3, and the high-pressure water tank 7 is communicated with the spray gun 4 through a high-pressure water pipe 7-1 and a high-pressure water pump 8.
The fluidization air pipeline 3-3 is provided with a pressure monitor 3-2 for judging the blocking condition of the nozzle. One end of the spray gun 4 is provided with a spray nozzle 5, the spray nozzle 5 stretches into the flue 6, the other end of the spray gun 4 is fixed on the flue wall 6-1, the length of the spray gun is 0.5-5 m, and the inner diameter of the spray nozzle is 10-100 mm. The blanking pipe 2 is provided with a blanking pipe valve 2-1, the fluidization air pipeline 3-3 is provided with a fluidization air pipeline valve 3-4, and the high-pressure water pipe 7-1 is provided with a high-pressure water pipe valve 7-2. Through each valve (stop valve), can carry out logic closure to unloading pipe, fluidization wind pipeline and high-pressure water pipe, water, gas, solid three-phase carries out technical matching, realizes the jetting function of particulate matter and the clean function of jetting device.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the spray gun is a three-phase flow spray gun, and the three-phase flow spray gun is one of a single-nozzle direct-blowing spray gun 4-1, a single-nozzle right-angle spray gun 4-2 and a multi-nozzle right-angle spray gun 4-3. The three-phase flow spray gun and the spray nozzle are made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, and the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials can be materials with similar functions, such as stainless steel pipes, ceramic pipes with inner lining, nano material plating pipes, special alloys and the like.
The soluble particulate matter spraying apparatus of the present invention is suitable for both horizontal arrangements as shown in fig. 1 and vertical arrangements as shown in fig. 2.
The soluble particulate matter spraying device is used for spraying particulate matters into the flue, the particulate matters are sprayed into the flue from the nozzle by taking the fluidization wind as a carrier to form a fluidization state, so that the sprayed particulate matters have a certain range and coverage rate, and the sprayed particulate matters have water solubility.
The method for cleaning the soluble particulate matter spraying device comprises the following specific implementation processes:
according to the technical requirements, a particulate matter hopper 1, a blanking pipe 2, a fluidization fan 3, a high-pressure water tank 7, a high-pressure water pump 8, a three-phase flow spray gun 4, a three-phase flow spray nozzle 5 and auxiliary facilities thereof are designed, then the three-phase flow spray gun 4 is installed according to the technical requirements, the fixed end of the three-phase flow spray gun 4 is fixed on a flue wall 6-1, and the three-phase flow spray nozzle 5 stretches into the flue gas flow of a flue, so that the whole set of device can work normally.
When the three-phase flow spray gun is in a working state, firstly, a fluidization air pipeline valve 3-4 and a fluidization fan 3 on a fluidization air pipeline 3-3 are opened, air is sucked from an air inlet 3-1 of the fluidization fan, compressed by the fluidization fan 3 and blown out, so that the interior of the whole three-phase flow spray gun 4 is filled with fluidization air; at this time, a discharging pipe valve 2-1 on a discharging pipe 2 is opened, particles stored in a particle hopper 1 enter a three-phase flow spray gun 4 through the discharging pipe 2, a fluidized state is formed under the action of fluidization wind, and then the fluidized state is sprayed into a flue through a three-phase flow nozzle 5, SO that SO in the flue gas is realized 3 The purpose of removal; and under the normal working state, the system is kept to continuously run. The fluidization fan forms high-pressure airflow through compressed air, the total pressure of the high-pressure airflow is 10-70 kPa, and particles are ensured to be sprayed into the flue in a fluidization state.
When the indication value of the pressure monitor 3-2 on the fluidization air pipeline 3-3 of the fluidization fan 3 exceeds the normal working range, the condition that the three-phase flow nozzle 5 is blocked by particles is indicated, and the three-phase flow nozzle 5 needs to be cleaned so as to ensure that the three-phase flow spray gun 4 and the three-phase flow nozzle 5 are unblocked; at this time, the blanking pipe valve 2-1 on the blanking pipe 2 is closed, the fluidization fan 3 continues to provide fluidization air for the three-phase flow spray gun 4, when the indication value of the observation pressure monitor 3-2 changes, the three-phase flow spray gun 4 needs to be flushed by adopting high-pressure water; at this time, on the premise of the above, the fluidization fan 3 is stopped, the fluidization air pipeline valve 3-4 on the fluidization air pipeline 3-3 is closed, the high-pressure water pipe valve 7-2 and the high-pressure water pump 8 on the high-pressure water pipe 7-1 are opened, the water in the high-pressure water tank 7 forms high-pressure water flow under the action of the high-pressure water pump 8 to flush the three-phase flow spray gun 4 and the three-phase flow nozzle 5, and meanwhile, soluble particles are dissolved in the high-pressure water flow and flow into the flue along with the high-pressure water flow, so that the function of cleaning the three-phase flow nozzle 5 is realized.
Considering that the flue gas can dry the liquid drops at the tail end of the three-phase flow spray nozzle 5 under the high temperature condition, or the liquid drops are mixed with fly ash to form crystals or ash dirt to cause blockage, the fluidization air pipeline valve 3-4 and the fluidization fan 3 on the fluidization air pipeline 3-3 are opened in the later stage of high-pressure water flow flushing (gradually stopping the high-pressure water pump 8) to form a gas-water two-phase mixture, the three-phase flow spray gun 4 is further cleaned, then the high-pressure water pipe valve 7-2 on the high-pressure water pump 8 and the high-pressure water pipe 7-1 is closed, and the three-phase flow spray gun 4 and the three-phase flow spray nozzle 5 are quickly purged by using fluidization air until the water stains in the three-phase flow spray gun 4 and the three-phase flow spray nozzle 5 are completely removed.
If the indication value of the pressure monitor 3-2 indicates normal, the blanking pipe valve 2-1 on the blanking pipe 2 is opened to enable the three-phase flow injection device to restart normal operation, and if the indication value of the pressure monitor 3-2 is slow, the operation steps are repeated until the three-phase flow injection device resumes normal operation.
The invention can be custom designed according to the actual engineering project requirements.
The invention develops a novel three-phase flow spray gun technology, has the function of deeply cleaning particulate blocking and cooperates with SO 3 The removal technique is promoted and can solve the problem of SO 3 The soluble particulate matter spraying device can reliably operate for more than 10 years.
The foregoing examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be equivalent arrangements included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method of cleaning a soluble particulate matter spraying device, characterized by: the soluble particulate matter spraying device comprises a particulate matter hopper, a fluidization fan, a high-pressure water tank and a spray gun, wherein the particulate matter hopper is communicated with the spray gun through a blanking pipe, one end of the fluidization fan is communicated with an air inlet of the fluidization fan, the other end of the fluidization fan is communicated with the spray gun through a fluidization air pipeline, and the high-pressure water tank is communicated with the spray gun through a high-pressure water pipe and a high-pressure water pump;
a pressure monitor is arranged on the fluidization air pipeline;
one end of the spray gun is provided with a nozzle, the nozzle extends into the flue, and the other end of the spray gun is fixed on the wall of the flue;
the length of the spray gun is 0.5-5 m, and the inner diameter of the spray nozzle is 10-100 mm;
the fluidization fan forms high-pressure airflow through compressed air, and the total pressure of the high-pressure airflow is 10-70 kPa;
the cleaning method comprises the following steps:
a. installing a spray gun and other corresponding facilities;
b. starting a fluidization fan to enable the whole spray gun to be filled with fluidization wind;
c. soluble particles in the particle hopper enter the spray gun through the blanking pipe, form a fluidization state under the action of fluidization wind, and then are sprayed into the flue through the nozzle;
d. when the indication value of the pressure monitoring instrument on the fluidization air pipeline exceeds the normal working range, the blanking pipe valve is closed, the fluidization fan continues to provide fluidization air for the spray gun, and the indication value of the observed pressure changes;
e. when the indication value is not changed greatly, the spray gun is flushed by high-pressure water; stopping the fluidization fan, closing a fluidization air pipeline valve, opening a high-pressure water pipeline valve and a high-pressure water pump to form a high-pressure water flow flushing spray gun and a nozzle, and simultaneously dissolving soluble particles in water, flushing the water into a flue along with the high-pressure water flow to realize the function of cleaning the nozzle;
f. opening a fluidization air pipeline valve and a fluidization fan at the later stage of high-pressure water flow flushing to enable fluidization air to be flushed into the spray gun, closing a high-pressure water pump and the high-pressure water pipe valve, and rapidly purging the spray gun and the spray nozzle by using the fluidization air until water stains in the spray gun and the spray nozzle are completely removed;
g. if the indication value of the pressure monitoring instrument indicates normal, the blanking pipe valve is opened to enable the spraying device to restart normal operation, and if the indication value of the pressure monitoring instrument is slow, the steps e-f are repeated until the spraying device is recovered to normal operation.
2. The method of cleaning a soluble particulate matter ejection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the discharging pipe is provided with a discharging pipe valve, the fluidization air pipe is provided with a fluidization air pipe valve, and the high-pressure water pipe is provided with a high-pressure water pipe valve.
3. The method of cleaning a soluble particulate matter ejection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the spray gun is a three-phase flow spray gun, and the three-phase flow spray gun is one of a single-nozzle direct-blowing spray gun, a single-nozzle right-angle spray gun and a multi-nozzle right-angle spray gun; the three-phase flow spray gun and the nozzle are made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials.
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CN110721856A (en) * 2019-10-22 2020-01-24 武汉天空蓝环保科技有限公司 Cleaning equipment, purification system and purification method for cleaning atomizing spray gun
CN111214191A (en) * 2020-03-19 2020-06-02 孙峰 High-pressure jet water, gas and particle cleaning machine
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