CN108879754B - FCL optimal configuration method and system for reducing risk of secondary commutation failure - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fault current limiter optimal configuration method and system for reducing the risk of secondary commutation failure. The method comprises the following steps: selecting voltage interaction factors among a plurality of adjacent direct current branches, and determining a target function by taking the minimum voltage interaction factor as a target; determining the installation position and the current-limiting reactance value of the fault current limiter by taking one fault current limiter installed at each time and the maximum number of fault current limiters installed at set times as constraint conditions; after the installation position and the current-limiting reactance value of the fault current limiter are determined, calculating voltage interaction factors between adjacent direct current branches of the multi-feed-in high-voltage direct-current power transmission system, jumping to the step of selecting the voltage interaction factors between the multiple adjacent direct current branches, determining a target function step by taking the minimum voltage interaction factor as a target, and stopping iteration until the fault current limiter reaches the set installation number. The method and the system provided by the invention can meet the FCL optimal configuration scheme of different commutation failure risk constraint conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of high-voltage power transmission, in particular to an FCL optimal configuration method and system for reducing the risk of secondary commutation failure.
Background
In a Multi-feed High-Voltage Direct Current (MI-HVDC) system, secondary commutation failure refers to a related record of the prevention of commutation failure phenomenon caused by commutation Voltage drop impact caused by that an inverter station in the MI-HVDC system suffers from alternating Current system failure and adjacent inverter stations suffer from commutation failure, and commutation Failure (FCL) occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an FCL optimal configuration method and system for reducing the risk of secondary commutation failure, and an FCL optimal configuration scheme capable of meeting different commutation failure risk constraint conditions.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a fault current limiter optimized configuration method to reduce the risk of a secondary commutation failure, the method comprising:
selecting voltage interaction factors among a plurality of adjacent direct current branches, and determining a target function by taking the minimum voltage interaction factor as a target;
determining the installation position and the current-limiting reactance value of the fault current limiter by taking one fault current limiter installed at each time and the maximum number of fault current limiters installed at set times as constraint conditions;
after the installation position and the current-limiting reactance value of the fault current limiter are determined, calculating voltage interaction factors between adjacent direct current branches of the multi-feed-in high-voltage direct-current power transmission system, jumping to the step of selecting the voltage interaction factors between the multiple adjacent direct current branches, determining a target function step by taking the minimum voltage interaction factor as a target, and stopping iteration until the fault current limiter reaches the set installation number.
Optionally, the determining the objective function with the minimum voltage interaction factor as a target specifically includes:
determining a multi-objective optimization functionWhere i denotes the number of the optimization objective,andthe numbers of two adjacent dc branches are indicated,representing branchesAnd branchVoltage interaction factor between;
determining an objective function from the multi-objective optimization functionWherein, aiTo representThe weight of (a) is determined,indicates the branch after the t-1 iterationAnd branchVoltage interaction factor of.
Optionally, the determining the installation position and the current-limiting reactance value of the fault current limiter by using one fault current limiter installed at a time and the maximum number of fault current limiters installed as constraint conditions specifically includes:
determining the initial iteration number t as 1 sumInitial number n of barrier current limitersFCL=1;
Determining a first constraintWherein N isLAs the number of branches, a branch information matrix isIs a variable of 0, 1, lcA number indicating the preselected installation leg of the fault current limiter,indicating fault current limiter installed in first branch setcOn the branch, only the installation position of one fault current limiter is determined in each iteration, only one fault current limiter is installed,is the l-th of CLcLine, represents the lcThe information of the branch is then transmitted to the subscriber, respectively represent the lcA head end node, a tail end node and a branch impedance of the branch, node impedance matrixes Z respectively corresponding to t-th iterationtIs located atRespectively represent nodesSelf-impedance, nodeSelf-impedance, nodeAnd nodeThe mutual impedance between the two electrodes is high,are each ZtIs located at Respectively represent nodesAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeThe mutual impedance of (a);
determining a third constraintWherein,c=z1+z2-2z3+zFCL,zFCL=-(z4 2+z4jx)/(jx), x being the reactance value of the fault current limiter, j being the imaginary sign;
determining that the fourth constraint x is less than or equal to xmaxWhere x is the number of fault current limiters installed, xmaxA set number of fault current limiters is installed at the maximum.
The invention also provides a fault current limiter optimal configuration system for reducing the risk of secondary commutation failure, which comprises:
the target function determining module is used for selecting voltage interaction factors among a plurality of adjacent direct current branches, and determining a target function by taking the minimum voltage interaction factor as a target;
the fault current limiter determining module is used for determining the installation position and the current limiting reactance value of the fault current limiter by taking the condition that one fault current limiter is installed at a time and the set number of fault current limiters are installed at most as constraint conditions;
and the voltage interaction factor calculation module is used for calculating voltage interaction factors between adjacent direct current branches of the multi-feed-in high-voltage direct-current power transmission system after the installation position and the current-limiting reactance value of the fault current limiter are determined, jumping to the step of selecting the voltage interaction factors between the multiple adjacent direct current branches, and determining a target function step by taking the minimum voltage interaction factor as a target until the fault current limiter reaches the set installation number.
Optionally, the objective function determining module specifically includes:
a multi-objective optimization function determination unit for determining a multi-objective optimization functionWhere i denotes the number of the optimization objective,andthe numbers of two adjacent dc branches are indicated,representing branchesAnd branchVoltage interaction factor between;
an objective function determination unit for determining an objective function based on the multi-objective optimization functionWherein, aiTo representThe weight of (a) is determined,indicates the branch after the t-1 iterationAnd branchVoltage interaction factor of.
Optionally, the voltage interaction factor calculation module specifically includes:
an initial condition determining unit for determining an initial iteration number t equal to 1 and an initial number n of fault current limitersFCL=1;
A first constraint condition determination unit for determining a first constraint conditionWherein N isLAs the number of branches, a branch information matrix isIs a variable of 0, 1, lcA number indicating the preselected installation leg of the fault current limiter,indicating fault current limiter installed in first branch setcOn the branch, only the installation position of one fault current limiter is determined in each iteration, only one fault current limiter is installed,is the l-th of CLcLine, represents the lcThe information of the branch is then transmitted to the subscriber, respectively represent the lcA head end node, a tail end node and a branch impedance of the branch, node impedance matrixes Z respectively corresponding to t-th iterationtIs located atRespectively represent nodesSelf-impedance, nodeSelf-impedance, nodeAnd nodeThe mutual impedance between the two electrodes is high,are each ZtIs located at Respectively represent nodesAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeThe mutual impedance of (a);
a second constraint condition determination unit for determining a second constraint conditionWherein,
a third constraint condition determination unit for determining a third constraint conditionWherein,c=z1+z2-2z3+zFCL,zFCL=-(z4 2+z4jx)/(jx), x being the reactance value of the fault current limiter, j being the imaginary sign;
a fourth constraint condition determination unit for determining that the fourth constraint condition x is less than or equal to xmaxWhere x is the number of fault current limiters installed, xmaxA set number of fault current limiters is installed at the maximum.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects: according to the FCL optimal configuration method and the FCL optimal configuration system for reducing the risk of the secondary commutation failure, provided by the invention, the optimal configuration scheme of the FCL is solved by taking the minimum MIIF index as a target and the installation cost of the FCL as a constraint, and the risk of the secondary commutation failure is reduced by reducing the MIIF index between adjacent inversion stations after the failure.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an FCL optimization configuration method for reducing the risk of a secondary commutation failure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an FCL optimized configuration system for reducing the risk of a secondary commutation failure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an FCL optimal configuration method and system for reducing the risk of secondary commutation failure, and an FCL optimal configuration scheme capable of meeting different commutation failure risk constraint conditions.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an FCL optimization configuration method for reducing the risk of the secondary commutation failure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the risk of the secondary commutation failure occurring in the MI-HVDC system is positively correlated with the MIIF index, and the risk of the secondary commutation failure can be reduced by reducing the MIIF index between adjacent inverter stations after the failure. The method takes the minimum MIIF index as a target and the installation cost of the FCL as a constraint to solve the optimal configuration scheme of the FCL. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: the number of initialization iterations t is 1, and the number n of FCLs is setFCL=1;
Step 2: and solving an objective function of the t iteration. Calculating the proportion of the risk of the secondary commutation failure after the t-1 iteration is finished, and selecting according to the calculation conditionThe MIIF index is the target of optimization. If it isOptimization is not required; if it isThe optimization problem is a multi-objective optimization problem. The objective function is shown in equation (1).
In the formula, i represents the number of the optimization target,andrepresenting multi-feed interaction factorsNumber of associated two HVDC rounds.
And step 3: evaluating the t-th iteration according to the result of the t-1 th iterationBranch information matrix CL of order. CL contains NLThe information of the branch is expressed as follows:
in the formula,is oneRow vector of orderIt is the l th in CLcLine, represents the lcInformation of the row branch. The information is whencWhen a row leg is selected as the FCL's installation location, it is necessary to compute multiple objective functions.The expression of (a) is as follows:
in the formula,respectively represent the lcThe line branch's head-end node and branch impedance, node impedance matrixes Z respectively corresponding to t-th iterationtIs located at Respectively represent nodesSelf-impedance, nodeSelf-impedance, nodeAnd nodeThe mutual impedance between the two electrodes is high,are each ZtIs located at Respectively represent nodesAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeThe mutual impedance of (a).
And 4, step 4: and solving an optimization problem. Converting the multi-objective optimization problem into a single-objective optimization problem by a weighting coefficient method, wherein an objective function is as follows:
in the formula, aiTo representThe weight of (a) is determined,indicating after FCL startupTo pairVoltage interaction factor of.
Constraint one:
in the formula,is a variable of 0, 1, lcA number representing a pre-selected branch,indicating installation of FCL in preselected branch setcOn a bar, since only one FCL mounting location is determined per iteration, equation (5) should be satisfied.
Constraint two:
the left side of the formula (6) is oneThe row vector of the order is obtained by the expression on the right side of the formula (6), wherein sigma is NLThe dimension-row vector is then calculated,
constraint condition three:
wherein,
c=z1+z2-2z3+zFCL(10)
zFCL=-(z4 2+z4·jx)/(jx) (11)
where x is the reactance value of FCL and j is the imaginary symbol.
Constraint condition four:
x≤xmax(12)
in the formula, xmaxIs the upper limit value of x.
Solving the nonlinear mixed integer programming problem by using Bonmin in the OPTI-Toolbox to obtain the optimal installation position and the current-limiting reactance value of the FCL in the iterative process of the t step.
Solving the nonlinear mixed integer programming problem by using Bonmin in the OPTI-Toolbox to obtain the optimal installation position and the current-limiting reactance value of the FCL in the iterative process of the t step.
And 5: n isFCL=nFCL+1, t ═ t + 1. If n isFCL≤nFCL,maxThen correct the nodal impedance matrix ZtAnd jumping to step 2.
When the power grid normally operates, the FCL presents zero impedance or minimum impedance, rated current passes through almost without loss, and the normal operation of the power grid is not influenced; when the power grid is in fault, the short-circuit current is larger than the critical current, and the FCL presents nonlinear high-impedance characteristics in millisecond-scale time.
The MIIF index is an index used to describe the voltage interaction between adjacent dc currents. The international large grid conference organization (CIGRE) defines MIIF indexes as: when the current conversion bus m is put into a symmetrical three-phase reactor, the voltage of the bus is reducedAt 1%, the voltage change rate of the converter bus n is MIIFn,m. By definition, MIIFn,mAs shown in formula (13)
In the formula,. DELTA.Vm,ΔVnRespectively showing the voltage drop amount of the converter buses m and n at the moment after the symmetrical three-phase reactor is put into operation. Δ Vm,ΔVnThe values of (a) are obtained by simulation testing. MIIFn,mHas a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 1.
According to the MIIF definition, the calculation formula of the MIIF index based on the node admittance matrix is as shown in formula (14).
In the formula, ZnmRepresenting the mutual impedance between node n and node m, ZmmRepresenting the self-impedance of node m, ZnmAnd ZmmAre elements of Z in the power saving impedance matrix, Z being the inverse of the node admittance matrix Y.
The FCL optimal configuration method for reducing the risk of the secondary commutation failure provided by the invention is used for solving the optimal configuration scheme of the FCL by taking the minimum MIIF index as a target and the installation cost of the FCL as a constraint, and reducing the risk of the secondary commutation failure by reducing the MIIF index between adjacent inversion stations after the failure.
The invention also provides a fault current limiter optimized configuration system for reducing the risk of secondary commutation failure, as shown in fig. 2, the system comprises:
the objective function determining module 201 is configured to select a voltage interaction factor between a plurality of adjacent dc branches, and determine an objective function with the minimum voltage interaction factor as a target;
a fault current limiter determining module 202, configured to determine an installation position and a current limiting reactance value of a fault current limiter under a constraint condition that one fault current limiter is installed at a time and a set number of fault current limiters are installed at most;
and the voltage interaction factor calculation module 203 is configured to calculate a voltage interaction factor between adjacent direct current branches of the multi-feed-in high-voltage direct-current power transmission system after the installation position and the current-limiting reactance value of the fault current limiter are determined, skip to selecting the voltage interaction factor between the multiple adjacent direct current branches, and determine a target function step with the minimum voltage interaction factor as a target until the number of the fault current limiters reaches a set installation number.
The objective function determining module 201 specifically includes:
a multi-objective optimization function determination unit for determining a multi-objective optimization functionWhere i denotes the number of the optimization objective,andthe numbers of two adjacent dc branches are indicated,representing branchesAnd branchVoltage interaction factor between;
an objective function determination unit for determining an objective function based on the multi-objective optimization functionWherein, aiTo representThe weight of (a) is determined,indicates the branch after the t-1 iterationAnd branchVoltage interaction factor of.
The voltage interaction factor calculation module 202 specifically includes:
an initial condition determining unit for determining an initial iteration number t equal to 1 and an initial number n of fault current limitersFCL=1;
A first constraint condition determination unit for determining a first constraint conditionWherein N isLAs the number of branches, a branch information matrix isIs a variable of 0, 1, lcA number indicating the preselected installation leg of the fault current limiter,indicating fault current limiter installed in first branch setcOn the branch, only the installation position of one fault current limiter is determined in each iteration, only one fault current limiter is installed,is the l-th of CLcLine, represents the lcThe information of the branch is then transmitted to the subscriber, respectively represent the lcA head end node, a tail end node and a branch impedance of the branch, node impedance matrixes Z respectively corresponding to t-th iterationtIs located atRespectively represent nodesSelf-impedance, nodeSelf-impedance, nodeAnd nodeThe mutual impedance between the two electrodes is high,are each ZtIs located at Respectively represent nodesAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeThe mutual impedance of (a);
a second constraint condition determination unit for determining a second constraint conditionWherein,
a third constraint condition determination unit for determining a third constraint conditionWherein,c=z1+z2-2z3+zFCL,zFCL=-(z4 2+z4jx)/(jx), x being the reactance value of the fault current limiter, j being the imaginary sign;
a fourth constraint condition determination unit for determining that the fourth constraint condition x is less than or equal to xmaxWhere x is the number of fault current limiters installed, xmaxA set number of fault current limiters is installed at the maximum.
The FCL optimal configuration system for reducing the risk of the secondary commutation failure provided by the invention solves the optimal configuration scheme of the FCL by taking the minimum MIIF index as a target and the installation cost of the FCL as a constraint, and reduces the risk of the secondary commutation failure by reducing the MIIF index between adjacent inversion stations after the failure.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for optimally configuring a fault current limiter to reduce the risk of a secondary commutation failure, the method comprising:
selecting voltage interaction factors among a plurality of adjacent direct current branches, and determining a target function by taking the minimum voltage interaction factor as a target;
determining the installation position and the current-limiting reactance value of the fault current limiter by taking one fault current limiter installed at each time and the maximum number of fault current limiters installed at set times as constraint conditions;
after the installation position and the current-limiting reactance value of the fault current limiter are determined, calculating voltage interaction factors between adjacent direct current branches of the multi-feed-in high-voltage direct-current power transmission system, jumping to the step of selecting the voltage interaction factors between the multiple adjacent direct current branches, determining a target function step by taking the minimum voltage interaction factor as a target, and stopping iteration until the fault current limiter reaches the set installation number.
2. The method for optimally configuring a fault current limiter for reducing the risk of the secondary commutation failure according to claim 1, wherein the determining an objective function with the minimum voltage interaction factor as a target specifically comprises:
determining a multi-objective optimization functionWhere i denotes the number of the optimization objective, andthe numbers of two adjacent dc branches are indicated,representing branchesAnd branchVoltage interaction factor between;
3. The method for optimally configuring a fault current limiter to reduce the risk of a secondary commutation failure according to claim 1, wherein the determining the installation position and the current-limiting reactance value of the fault current limiter is performed under the constraint that one fault current limiter is installed at a time and a set number of fault current limiters are installed at most, and specifically comprises:
determining the initial iteration number t as 1 and the initial number n of fault current limitersFCL=1;
Determining a first constraintWherein N isLAs the number of branches, a branch information matrix is Is a variable of 0, 1, lcA number indicating the preselected installation leg of the fault current limiter,indicating fault current limiter installed in first branch setcOn the branch, only the installation position of one fault current limiter is determined in each iteration, only one fault current limiter is installed,is the l-th of CLcLine, represents the lcThe information of the branch is then transmitted to the subscriber, respectively represent the lcA head end node, a tail end node and a branch impedance of the branch, node impedance matrixes Z respectively corresponding to t-th iterationtIs located at Respectively represent nodesSelf-impedance, nodeSelf-impedance, nodeAnd nodeThe mutual impedance between the two electrodes is high,are each ZtIs located atRespectively represent nodesAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeThe mutual impedance of (a);
determining a third constraintWherein,c=z1+z2-2z3+zFCL,zFCL=-(z4 2+z4jx)/(jx), x being the reactance value of the fault current limiter, j being the imaginary sign;
determining that the fourth constraint y is less than or equal to ymaxWherein y is fault current limitNumber of devices mounted, ymaxA set number of fault current limiters is installed at the maximum.
4. A fault current limiter optimized configuration system for reducing the risk of a secondary commutation failure, the system comprising:
the target function determining module is used for selecting voltage interaction factors among a plurality of adjacent direct current branches, and determining a target function by taking the minimum voltage interaction factor as a target;
the fault current limiter determining module is used for determining the installation position and the current limiting reactance value of the fault current limiter by taking the condition that one fault current limiter is installed at a time and the set number of fault current limiters are installed at most as constraint conditions;
and the voltage interaction factor calculation module is used for calculating voltage interaction factors between adjacent direct current branches of the multi-feed-in high-voltage direct-current power transmission system after the installation position and the current-limiting reactance value of the fault current limiter are determined, jumping to the step of selecting the voltage interaction factors between the multiple adjacent direct current branches, and determining a target function step by taking the minimum voltage interaction factor as a target until the fault current limiter reaches the set installation number.
5. The fault current limiter optimized configuration system for reducing the risk of the secondary commutation failure according to claim 4, wherein the objective function determination module specifically comprises:
a multi-objective optimization function determination unit for determining a multi-objective optimization functionWhere i denotes the number of the optimization objective, andthe numbers of two adjacent dc branches are indicated,representing branchesAnd branchVoltage interaction factor between;
6. The fault current limiter optimized configuration system for reducing the risk of the secondary commutation failure according to claim 4, wherein the voltage interaction factor calculation module specifically comprises:
an initial condition determining unit for determining an initial iteration number t equal to 1 and an initial number n of fault current limitersFCL=1;
A first constraint condition determination unit for determiningFirst constraint conditionWherein N isLAs the number of branches, a branch information matrix is Is a variable of 0, 1, lcA number indicating the preselected installation leg of the fault current limiter,indicating fault current limiter installed in first branch setcOn the branch, only the installation position of one fault current limiter is determined in each iteration, only one fault current limiter is installed,is the l-th of CLcLine, represents the lcThe information of the branch is then transmitted to the subscriber, respectively represent the lcA head end node, a tail end node and a branch impedance of the branch, node impedance matrixes Z respectively corresponding to t-th iterationtIs located at Respectively represent nodesSelf-impedance, nodeSelf-impedance, nodeAnd nodeThe mutual impedance between the two electrodes is high,are each ZtIs located atRespectively represent nodesAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeMutual impedance, nodeAnd nodeThe mutual impedance of (a);
a second constraint condition determination unit for determining a second constraint conditionWherein
a third constraint condition determination unit for determining a third constraint conditionWherein,c=z1+z2-2z3+zFCL,zFCL=-(z4 2+z4jx)/(jx), x being the reactance value of the fault current limiter, j being the imaginary sign;
a fourth constraint condition determination unit for determining that the fourth constraint condition y is less than or equal to ymaxWhere y is the number of fault current limiters installed, ymaxA set number of fault current limiters is installed at the maximum.
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