CN108879116B - Antenna system and terminal - Google Patents
Antenna system and terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN108879116B CN108879116B CN201810662036.4A CN201810662036A CN108879116B CN 108879116 B CN108879116 B CN 108879116B CN 201810662036 A CN201810662036 A CN 201810662036A CN 108879116 B CN108879116 B CN 108879116B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/2258—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used with computer equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
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- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an antenna system and a terminal, wherein the antenna system is applied to the terminal with a metal shell, a gap filled with a non-metal material is arranged on the metal shell, and the metal shell is separated by the gap to form a resonant arm and a coupling arm; the antenna system comprises the resonance arm, the coupling arm, a feed source circuit and a tuning circuit; the first end of the tuning circuit is connected with the first feed point of the resonance arm, the second end of the tuning circuit is connected with the second feed point of the coupling arm, the third end of the tuning circuit is grounded, the first end of the feed circuit is connected with the resonance arm or the coupling arm, and the second end of the feed circuit is grounded. The invention can realize the independent tuning of the low frequency and the middle and high frequency of the antenna system, can effectively realize the carrier aggregation antenna system, improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna system and realize the coverage of the wide frequency band. In addition, the number of tuning circuits of the antenna system is reduced, and the design cost of the antenna is further reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna system and a terminal.
Background
With the development and progress of science and technology, the communication technology has been developed rapidly and greatly, and with the improvement of the communication technology, the popularization of electronic products has been improved to an unprecedented level, and more terminals such as mobile phones, smart televisions, computers and the like become an indispensable part of the life of people.
While the terminal is popularized, the user has higher and higher requirements on the types and performances of the functions of the terminal, such as an audio function, a photographing function, a camera shooting function, a quick charging function and the like, which are necessary functions of the terminal.
As the functions of the terminal are more and more improved, the appearance and the texture of the terminal become the pursuit of users, and the terminal with the metal shell is more and more favored by users due to the excellent metal texture. However, under the requirements of enhancement of the metallic texture of the terminal housing and the requirement of the antenna that the clearance area is smaller and smaller, the Q value of the antenna is increased, the radiation efficiency of the antenna is reduced, and the bandwidth is narrowed, so that the existing antenna is difficult to realize wide-band coverage.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna system and a terminal, which aim to solve the problem that the existing antenna is difficult to realize wide-band coverage.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is realized by:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna system, which is applied to a terminal having a metal housing, where a gap filled with a non-metal material is formed in the metal housing, and the metal housing is partitioned by the gap to form a resonant arm and a coupling arm; the antenna system comprises the resonance arm, the coupling arm, a feed source circuit and a tuning circuit; the first end of the tuning circuit is connected with the first feed point of the resonance arm, the second end of the tuning circuit is connected with the second feed point of the coupling arm, the third end of the tuning circuit is grounded, the first end of the feed circuit is connected with the resonance arm or the coupling arm, and the second end of the feed circuit is grounded.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, where the terminal includes the antenna system and a metal housing, where a gap filled with a non-metal material is formed on the metal housing, and the metal housing is separated by the gap to form a resonant arm and a coupling arm; the antenna system comprises the resonance arm, the coupling arm, a feed source circuit and a tuning circuit; the first end of the tuning circuit is connected with the first feed point of the resonance arm, the second end of the tuning circuit is connected with the second feed point of the coupling arm, the third end of the tuning circuit is grounded, the first end of the feed circuit is connected with the resonance arm or the coupling arm, and the second end of the feed circuit is grounded.
In this way, two cantilevers, namely a resonant arm and a coupling arm, separated by a gap are arranged on the metal shell, a feed circuit is arranged on the resonant arm or the coupling arm, and a tuning circuit is arranged between the resonant arm and the coupling arm. Therefore, the low-frequency tuning of the antenna system can be realized through the resonance arm, the feed source circuit and the tuning circuit, the medium-high frequency tuning of the antenna system is realized through the resonance arm, the feed source circuit and the tuning circuit, the low-frequency and medium-high frequency independent tuning of the antenna system is further realized, the carrier aggregation antenna system can be effectively realized, the radiation efficiency of the antenna system is improved, and the coverage of a wide frequency band is realized.
In addition, the feed source circuit arranged between the resonance arm and the coupling arm has a path connected with the resonance arm and can be used for low-frequency tuning and a path connected with the coupling arm and can be used for medium-high frequency tuning, so that the number of tuning circuits of an antenna system can be reduced, and the design cost of the antenna is further reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is one of the structural diagrams of an antenna system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a second structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna system may be applied to a terminal having a metal case. The terminal may be a Mobile phone, a Tablet Personal Computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a Laptop Computer (Laptop Computer), a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a Mobile Internet Device (MID), a Wearable Device (Wearable Device), or the like.
The metal shell may be a rear shell of the terminal, or may also be a middle frame or other metal components of the terminal, which may be determined according to an actual structure of the terminal, and is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
The metal shell is provided with a gap filled with a non-metal material, the gap separates the metal shell into a body and two metal cantilevers, and the two metal cantilevers are respectively a resonance arm and a coupling arm. It should be noted that a gas, such as air, may also be understood as a non-metallic material.
In an embodiment of the present invention, an antenna system includes the resonance arm, the coupling arm, a feed circuit, and a tuning circuit; the first end of the tuning circuit is connected with the first feed point of the resonance arm, the second end of the tuning circuit is connected with the second feed point of the coupling arm, the third end of the tuning circuit is grounded, the first end of the feed circuit is connected with the resonance arm or the coupling arm, and the second end of the feed circuit is grounded.
In a specific implementation, the antenna system may be provided with only one feed circuit, a first end of the feed circuit may be connected to any one of the resonant arm and the coupling arm, and a second end of the feed circuit is grounded.
Of course, the antenna system may also be provided with two feed source circuits, and the first end of one of the feed source circuits is connected to the resonance arm, and the second end is grounded; and connecting the first end of the other feed source circuit with the coupling arm, and connecting the second end with the ground.
For ease of understanding, please refer to fig. 1 and 2 together.
As shown in fig. 1, the antenna system includes a resonating arm 10, a coupling arm 20, a first feed circuit 31, and a tuning circuit 40. Wherein, the first end of the tuning circuit 40 is connected to the first feed point 11 of the resonant arm 10, the second end of the tuning circuit 40 is connected to the second feed point 21 of the coupling arm 20, the third end of the tuning circuit 40 is grounded, the first end of the first feed circuit 31 is connected to the resonant arm 10, and the second end of the first feed circuit 31 is grounded.
As shown in fig. 2, the antenna system includes a resonating arm 10, a coupling arm 20, a second feed circuit 32, a third feed circuit 33, and a tuning circuit 40. A first end of the tuning circuit 40 is connected with the first feed point 11 of the resonant arm 10, a second end of the tuning circuit 40 is connected with the second feed point 21 of the coupling arm 20, a third end of the tuning circuit 40 is grounded, a first end 32 of the second feed circuit is connected with the resonant arm 10, and a second end of the second feed circuit 32 is grounded; a first terminal of the third feed circuit 33 is connected to the coupling arm 20, and a second terminal of the third feed circuit 33 is grounded.
It can be seen that the main differences between the antenna systems shown in fig. 1 and 2 are: in fig. 1, the antenna system is provided with only the first feed circuit 31, and the first feed circuit 31 is connected to the resonating arm 10; in fig. 2, the antenna system is provided with a second feed circuit 32 and a third feed circuit 33, and the second feed circuit 32 is connected to the resonance arm 10 and the third feed circuit 33 is connected to the coupling arm 20.
One end of each of the resonating arm 10 and the coupling arm 20 is grounded, the other end is a free end, and the free end of the resonating arm 10 is opposite to the free end of the coupling arm 20 and is arranged at intervals through the opening a of the gap.
In fig. 1 and 2, each of the resonator arm 10 and the coupling arm 20 has an L shape, and the resonator arm 10 and the coupling arm 20 may be grounded through a ground terminal. The ground terminal may be a main ground, i.e., a main floor. Specifically, a main board (PCB) and a large piece of integrated metal connected thereto form an induced current with an antenna radiator, i.e., a feed, as a reference ground of the antenna.
It should be understood, however, that the present invention is not limited to the shapes of the resonator arm 10 and the coupling arm 20, and the grounding manner of the resonator arm 10 and the coupling arm 20.
In other embodiments, the resonant arm 10 and the coupling arm 20 may have other shapes, such as a straight shape, and the resonant arm 10 and the coupling arm 20 may also be grounded in other manners, such as being grounded through a metal housing or other components.
Wherein the length of the resonance arm 10 may be greater than the length of the coupling arm 20, the resonance arm 10 may be used to generate a resonance mode at a low frequency, and the coupling arm 20 may be used to generate a resonance mode at a medium-high frequency. Thus, the resonator arm 10 may be referred to as a low frequency resonator arm, and the coupling arm 20 may be referred to as a medium-high frequency coupling arm.
A tuning circuit 40 is arranged between the resonator arm 10 and the coupling arm 20. In this way, the path connecting the tuning circuit 40 and the resonance arm 10 can be used to implement low frequency tuning, so that the resonance arm 10 can implement low frequency resonance in different frequency bands; the path through which the tuning circuit 40 is connected to the coupling arm 20 may be used to implement medium-high frequency tuning, so that the coupling arm 20 may implement medium-high frequency resonance of different frequency bands.
The feed circuit is used for radiating electromagnetic wave energy, and the feed circuit can provide different radiation energy to make the antenna system can produce the resonance mode of low, medium and high frequency.
Specifically, in fig. 1, the resonant arm 10 is connected with the first feed circuit 31, and therefore, the resonant arm 10 can be directly fed by the first feed circuit 31, and a resonant mode of low frequency is generated. The coupling arm 20 is not connected to the feed circuit, but the coupling arm 20 can be fed by coupling, i.e. the radiation energy of the first feed circuit 31 can be transferred to the coupling arm 20 by coupling through the opening a of the slot via the resonant arm 10, resulting in a medium-high frequency resonant mode.
In fig. 2, the second feed circuit 32 is connected to the resonant arm 10, so that the resonant arm 10 can directly feed power through the first feed circuit 31, and a low-frequency resonant mode is generated. The third feed circuit 33 is connected to the coupling arm 20, so that the coupling arm 20 can directly feed power through the third feed circuit 33 to generate a middle-high frequency resonance mode.
The antenna system of the present embodiment is configured such that two cantilevers, namely, a resonant arm and a coupling arm, separated by a gap are provided on a metal case, a feed circuit is provided on the resonant arm or the coupling arm, and a tuning circuit is provided between the resonant arm and the coupling arm. Therefore, the low-frequency tuning of the antenna system can be realized through the resonance arm, the feed source circuit and the tuning circuit, the medium-high frequency tuning of the antenna system is realized through the resonance arm, the feed source circuit and the tuning circuit, the low-frequency and medium-high frequency independent tuning of the antenna system is further realized, the carrier aggregation antenna system can be effectively realized, the radiation efficiency of the antenna system is improved, and the coverage of a wide frequency band is realized.
In addition, the feed source circuit arranged between the resonance arm and the coupling arm has a path connected with the resonance arm and can be used for low-frequency tuning and a path connected with the coupling arm and can be used for medium-high frequency tuning, so that the number of tuning circuits of an antenna system can be reduced, and the design cost of the antenna is further reduced.
Alternatively, the first feed point 11 may be close to the free end of the resonator arm 10; the second feed point 21 may be near the free end of the coupling arm 20. In this way, in a scenario where the coupling arm 20 feeds power by coupling, the distances among the first feed point 11, the opening a, and the second feed point 21 can be shortened, so that the coupling effect can be improved, and the coverage bandwidth can be increased.
Optionally, the tuning circuit 40 includes N-way switches 41 and N first matching elements; each of the N switches 41 is connected in series to a first matching element, K first matching elements of the N first matching elements are connected to the first feed point 11, and N-K first matching elements of the N first matching elements, except the K first matching elements, are connected to the second feed point 21; n is a positive integer greater than 1, and K is a positive integer less than N.
The first matching element may include at least one of a capacitor and an inductor, and the matching of the at least one of the capacitor and the inductor of the first matching element connected in series to each of the N switches 41 may be different, so that tuning of different frequency bands of the antenna system may be achieved when the N switches are controlled to be in different conduction states, that is, when the N switches are controlled to be in different conduction states.
Specifically, different conduction states of the K lines connected with the first feed point are controlled, so that tuning of different frequency bands in a low frequency band of the antenna system can be realized; and controlling different conduction states of the N-K paths connected with the second feed point, so that tuning of different frequency bands in a high frequency band in the antenna system can be realized.
Therefore, in the embodiment, the antenna system can control different conduction states of the N-way switches according to needs, so that the purpose of channel expansion or multiplexing can be achieved, the number of tuning switches of the antenna can be reduced, the design cost of the antenna can be reduced, and the switching loss can be reduced. Meanwhile, tuning of different frequency bands of the antenna system can be achieved.
Further, in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the N-way switch 41 may be embodied as a four-way switch, and accordingly, the antenna system includes 4 first matching elements, and each of the four-way switches is connected in series with one first matching element. Wherein 2 of the 4 first matching elements are connected to the first feed point 11 and the other 2 of the 4 first matching elements are connected to the second feed point 21.
To distinguish the 4 first mating elements, the 4 first mating elements are numbered 42, 43, 44, and 45 from left to right in fig. 1 and 2.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the left 2 of the 4 first matching elements, i.e. the first matching elements numbered 42 and 43, are connected to the first feed point 11, and the right 2 of the 4 first matching elements, i.e. the first matching elements numbered 44 and 45, are connected to the second feed point 21.
It should be understood that at least one of the capacitance and the inductance of the first matching elements, which are denoted by 42 and 43, may be configured differently, so that tuning of different frequency bands in the low frequency band of the antenna system may be achieved by controlling different conduction states of the 2 paths connecting the first feed point; at least one of the capacitance and the inductance of the first matching element, which is designated by reference numeral 44 and 45, may be collocated differently, so that tuning of different frequency bands in a high frequency band in the antenna system may be achieved by controlling different conduction states of 2 paths connecting the second feed point.
Specifically, under the condition that the branch where the first matching element denoted by 42 is located is in the on state, and the branch where the first matching element denoted by 43 is located is in the off state, tuning of the first frequency band in the low frequency band of the antenna system can be achieved.
When the branch where the first matching element labeled 42 is located is in the off state and the branch where the first matching element labeled 42 is located is in the on state, tuning of the second frequency band in the low frequency band of the antenna system can be achieved.
The tuning of the third frequency band in the low frequency band of the antenna system can be realized when the branch in which the first matching element, referenced 43, is located is in a conducting state and the branch in which the first matching element, referenced 42, is located is in a conducting state.
Specifically, under the condition that the branch where the first matching element denoted by reference numeral 44 is located is in the on state, and the branch where the first matching element denoted by reference numeral 45 is located is in the off state, tuning of the fourth frequency band in the high frequency band in the antenna system can be realized.
When the branch where the first matching element denoted by reference numeral 44 is located is in the off state and the branch where the first matching element denoted by reference numeral 45 is located is in the on state, tuning of the fifth frequency band in the high frequency band in the antenna system can be achieved.
Under the condition that the branch where the first matching element with the reference number 45 is located is in a conducting state and the branch where the first matching element with the reference number 45 is located is in a conducting state, tuning of a sixth frequency band in a high frequency band in the antenna system can be achieved.
The specific ranges of the first frequency band, the second frequency band and the third frequency band in the low frequency band may be determined according to the structural design of the antenna system, for example, the specific expression form of the first matching element labeled 42, the first matching element labeled 43 and the feed circuit, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
The specific ranges of the fourth frequency band, the fifth frequency band and the sixth frequency band in the medium-high frequency band may be determined according to the structural design of the antenna system, for example, the specific expression form of the first matching element with the reference number 44, the first matching element with the reference number 45 and the feed circuit, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Therefore, by the mode, the antenna system can control different conduction states of the four-way switch according to needs, so that the purpose of channel expansion or multiplexing can be achieved, the number of tuning switches of the antenna can be reduced, the design cost of the antenna is reduced, and the switching loss is reduced. Meanwhile, tuning of different frequency bands of the antenna system can be achieved.
In fig. 1 and 2, the N-way switch includes a moving terminal (i.e., common terminal) and N stationary terminals. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the expression form of the N-way switch, for example, the N-way switch may be embodied as an electronic switch, and the on/off state of the N-way switch may be controlled by a chip, which may be determined according to actual needs, and is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the tuning circuit 40 further includes a second matching element 46, a first end of the second matching element 46 is connected to the second feed point 21, and a second end of the second matching element 46 is grounded.
In fig. 1 and 2, the second matching element 46 is connected in parallel with the N-way switch 41 to form a parallel structure.
The second matching element is mainly used for middle and high frequency band antenna tuning. In particular implementations, the second matching element 46 may be embodied as a shunt inductor, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. It should be understood, however, that the present invention is not limited thereby to the manifestation of the second matching element 46, and in other embodiments, the second matching element 46 may also manifest as a shunt capacitance or the like that may adjust the electrical length of the coupling arm 20.
In fig. 1 and 2, the second matching element 46 is a branch of the tuning circuit 40, i.e. the second matching element 46 is arranged in combination with the tuning circuit 40. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the second matching element 46 may be provided separately from the tuning circuit 40.
The following is a description of different manifestations of the feed circuit in fig. 1 and 2.
In fig. 1, the feed circuit comprises a first feed circuit 31 electrically connected to the resonator arm 10.
The first feed circuit 31 includes a first feed 311 and a first feed matching circuit 312 connected in series. In a specific implementation, the order of the first feed 311 and the first feed matching circuit 312 in the first feed circuit 31 may be set according to actual needs, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 1, a first feed matching circuit 312 may be connected to the resonating arm 10, and the first feed 311 is grounded.
In a specific implementation, the first feed source matching circuit 312 may include m sub-feed source matching circuit branches, and at least one of a capacitor and an inductor of each branch is configured differently, where m is a positive integer. Therefore, the first feed source circuit 31 can be controlled to be in different radiation modes by conducting different sub feed source matching circuits, and tuning of different frequency bands of the antenna system is further realized.
The first feed source 311 is an antenna radiator, and may be a metal sheet as a carrier for radiating electromagnetic wave energy, but is not limited thereto.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the first feed matching circuit 312 includes a third matching element 3121, a fourth matching element 3122, and a first tuning switch 3123; wherein the third matching element 3121 and the fourth matching element 3122 constitute a first sub-feed matching circuit; the third matching element 3121 and the first tuning switch 3123 constitute a second sub-feed matching circuit.
The first tuning switch is mainly used for multi-band and single-band state tuning switching. Specifically, when the first tuning switch 3123 is in the conducting state, the second sub-feed matching circuit is in the conducting state, can realize the tuning of the antenna intermediate frequency; when the first tuning switch 3123 is in the off state, the first sub-feed matching circuit is in the on state, and low-frequency and high-frequency tuning can be realized. So that the radiation efficiency of the antenna can be optimized.
In fig. 2 the feed circuit comprises a second feed circuit 32 connected to the resonator arm 10 and a third feed circuit 33 connected to the coupling arm 20.
The second feed circuit 32 includes a second feed 321 and a second feed matching circuit 322 connected in series; the third feed circuit 33 includes a third feed 331 and a third feed matching circuit 332 connected in series; the second feed source matching circuit 322 is connected to the resonant arm 10, and the second feed source 321 is grounded; the third feed matching circuit 332 is connected to the coupling arm 20, and the third feed 331 is connected to ground.
In this embodiment, the second feed circuit 32 may be used to generate low frequency radiation and the third feed circuit 33 may be used to generate medium to high frequency radiation.
In a specific implementation, the second feed source matching circuit 322 may include k sub-feed source matching circuit branches, and at least one of a capacitor and an inductor of each branch is collocated differently, where k is a positive integer. Therefore, the second feed source circuit 32 can be controlled to be in different radiation modes by conducting different sub feed source matching circuits, and tuning of different frequency bands in low frequency of the antenna system is further realized.
The third feed source matching circuit 332 may include q sub-feed source matching circuit branches, and at least one of a capacitor and an inductor of each branch is collocated differently, q is a positive integer. Therefore, the third feed source matching circuit 332 can be controlled to be in different radiation modes by conducting different sub feed source matching circuits, and tuning of different frequency bands in high frequency in the antenna system is further realized.
The second feed 321 and the third feed 331 are antenna radiators, and as carriers of electromagnetic wave energy, the second feed and the third feed may be metal sheets, but are not limited thereto.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the second feed matching circuit 322 may include a fifth matching element 3321, a sixth matching element 3322, and a second tuning switch 3323; third feed matching circuit 332 may include a seventh matching element; wherein the fifth matching element 3321 and the sixth matching element 3322 form a third sub-feed matching circuit; the fifth matching element 3321 and the second tuning switch 3323 constitute a fourth sub-feed matching circuit.
In fig. 2, the structure of the second feed matching circuit 322 is the same as that of the first feed matching circuit 312 in fig. 1, but in other embodiments, the second feed matching circuit 322 may also be represented in other forms, which may be determined according to actual needs, and this is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, both the feed circuit and the tuning circuit may be disposed on a main board of the terminal. At this time, the feed circuit and the tuning circuit may be connected to the feed point through a metal connector.
The feed source circuit and the tuning circuit are used for adjusting the impedance in a working frequency band, so that the front impedance and the rear impedance of the circuit are conjugated and well matched.
In addition, each matching element of the feed circuit and the tuning circuit can comprise at least one of capacitance and inductance, and further can comprise a switch to form different matching circuits.
It should be noted that various alternative embodiments described in the embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, may be implemented in combination with each other; of course, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments.
The antenna system of the embodiment of the invention at least has the following improvement points:
on the one hand, it is possible to realize relative frequency independence on the antenna structure by designing the low frequency resonance arm 10 and the medium and high frequency coupling arm 20.
On the other hand, the tuning circuit 40 disposed between the resonating arm 10 and the coupling arm 20 has a branch connected to the resonating arm 10 for low frequency tuning and a branch connected to the coupling arm 20 for medium and high frequency tuning, so that the low and medium and high frequency tuning modes can be relatively independent, and the number of tuning circuits of the antenna can be reduced, thereby reducing the design cost of the antenna.
After the structures of the feed circuit and the tuning circuit 40 are determined, in the concrete implementation, the frequency band of the antenna system and the width of the frequency band bandwidth can be adjusted by adjusting the combination of the on-off of the switches in the feed circuit and the tuning circuit 40, so that the antenna can realize the coverage of the low-medium frequency band bandwidth under the conditions of meeting the requirements of metal shell texture and small headroom environment.
The following illustrates the design of inter-band CA (Carrier Aggregation) antenna tuning for different scenarios.
Wherein, LB (Low Band, Low frequency Band) can be expressed as a frequency Band of 700MHz to 960 MHz; the MB (Middle Band, intermediate frequency Band) may be specifically represented as a frequency Band of 1710MHz to 2170 MHz; HB (High Band, intermediate frequency Band) can be embodied as a Band of 2300MHz to 2690 MHz. It should be understood that international standard specifications may repartition the range of frequency bands it includes, and the present invention may be unaffected by the repartition.
Bx is a general term of each frequency Band, and the full term of B is Band, which can be interpreted as frequency Band, and represents the frequency bands specified in the international standards, such as B1, B3, B41, etc., wherein the frequency Band range of B1 is 1920-2170MHz, the frequency Band range of B3 is 1710-1880MHz, and the frequency Band range of B41 is 2500-2690 MHz.
Scene one, low band antenna tuning design.
For example, when the path for low-frequency tuning in the N-way switch is in an open state, the low-frequency resonance arm can work in a B8 frequency band through the feed circuit matching:
the tuning of the B5 frequency band can be realized by conducting a certain path matching for low-frequency tuning in an N-path switch, the tuning design can be realized by generally matching the total capacitance at about 0.3pF, and the pF can be interpreted as a picofarad.
The tuning of the B12 or B28 frequency band can be realized by conducting one or more paths of matching for low-frequency tuning in an N-path switch, and generally, the tuning design can be realized when the total matching capacitance is about 0.8-2 pF.
Because the embodiment of the invention can realize relative independence of frequency, when the low-frequency band antenna tuning design is carried out, the path of the N-path switch connected with the coupling arm can be in a conducting state or a disconnecting state.
And scene two, medium and high frequency band antenna tuning design.
For example, when the path for low frequency tuning in the N-way switch is in an open state, the coupling arm may operate in the B3 frequency band through the feed circuit matching and the action of the bypass inductor:
tuning of the B1 or B39 band can be achieved by turning on some of the N switches for medium to high frequency tuning, typically using inductive elements.
The tuning of the B40 frequency band can be realized by conducting one or more paths of matching inductors used for medium-high frequency tuning in N-path switches, the tuning design can be realized generally when the total matching inductor is about 2-4nH, and nH can be interpreted as nano-Henry.
The tuning of the B41 frequency band can be realized by conducting one or more matching inductors used for medium-high frequency tuning in N switches, and can also be realized by using one matching capacitor, and the B41 tuning design can be realized by about 0.8-2 pF.
Scene three, the design of CA antenna tuning between MB bands.
Exemplary, B1 and B3CA antenna designs: the design of the CA antenna between the bands B1 and B3 can be realized by adjusting the parameters of the inductive elements of the N-way switch used for the medium-high frequency tuning path and the auxiliary tuning of the first tuning switch in the low-frequency resonance arm.
Scene four, CA antenna tuning design between MB and HB bands.
Exemplary, B3 and B7CA antenna designs: the design of the CA antenna between the bands B3 and B7 can be realized by adjusting the parameters of the inductive elements of the N-way switch used for the medium-high frequency tuning path and the auxiliary tuning of the first tuning switch in the low-frequency resonance arm.
The antenna tuning design principles referred to above are not exhaustive.
Therefore, the antenna system of the embodiment of the invention can realize multi-band coexistence design.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a terminal, which comprises the antenna system and the metal shell, wherein the metal shell is provided with a gap filled with a non-metal material, and the metal shell is separated by the gap to form a resonant arm and a coupling arm; the antenna system comprises the resonance arm, the coupling arm, a feed source circuit and a tuning circuit; the first end of the tuning circuit is connected with the first feed point of the resonance arm, the second end of the tuning circuit is connected with the second feed point of the coupling arm, the third end of the tuning circuit is grounded, the first end of the feed circuit is connected with the resonance arm or the coupling arm, and the second end of the feed circuit is grounded.
The structure of the antenna system may refer to the above embodiments, and is not described herein again. Because the antenna system in the above embodiment is adopted, the terminal provided by the embodiment of the present invention has all the effects of the above antenna system, and is not described herein again to avoid repetition.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. An antenna system is applied to a terminal with a metal shell, and is characterized in that a gap filled with a non-metal material is formed in the metal shell, and the metal shell is separated by the gap to form a resonant arm and a coupling arm;
the antenna system comprises the resonance arm, the coupling arm, a feed source circuit and a tuning circuit;
the first end of the tuning circuit is connected with the first feed point of the resonance arm, the second end of the tuning circuit is connected with the second feed point of the coupling arm, the third end of the tuning circuit is grounded, the first end of the feed circuit is connected with the resonance arm or the coupling arm, and the second end of the feed circuit is grounded;
the tuning circuit comprises an N-way switch and N first matching elements;
each of the N switches is connected with a first matching element in series, K first matching elements in the N first matching elements are connected with the first feed point, and N-K first matching elements except the K first matching elements in the N first matching elements are connected with the second feed point; n is a positive integer greater than 1, and K is a positive integer less than N.
2. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the tuning circuit further comprises a second matching element, a first end of the second matching element being connected to the second feed point, a second end of the second matching element being connected to ground.
3. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the feed circuit comprises a first feed circuit electrically connected to the resonating arm;
the first feed circuit includes a first feed and a first feed matching circuit connected in series.
4. The antenna system of claim 3, wherein the first feed matching circuit comprises a third matching element, a fourth matching element, and a first tuning switch;
wherein the third matching element and the fourth matching element constitute a first sub-feed matching circuit; the third matching element and the first tuning switch form a second sub-feed matching circuit.
5. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the feed circuit comprises a second feed circuit connected to the resonating arm and a third feed circuit connected to the coupling arm;
the second feed source circuit comprises a second feed source and a second feed source matching circuit which are connected in series; the third feed circuit includes a third feed and a third feed matching circuit connected in series.
6. The antenna system of claim 5, wherein the second feed matching circuit comprises a fifth matching element, a sixth matching element, and a second tuning switch; the third feed matching circuit comprises a seventh matching element;
wherein the fifth matching element and the sixth matching element constitute a third sub-feed matching circuit; the fifth matching element and the second tuning switch form a fourth sub-feed matching circuit.
7. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the resonating arm and the coupling arm are both grounded at one end and free at the other end, and the free end of the resonating arm is opposite to and spaced apart from the free end of the coupling arm, and wherein the first feed point is proximate to the free end of the resonating arm and the second feed point is proximate to the free end of the coupling arm.
8. A terminal, characterized in that it comprises an antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN110649373A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-01-03 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Antenna structure and terminal |
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