CN108875099A - A kind of baseline choosing method based on long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system - Google Patents
A kind of baseline choosing method based on long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of baseline choosing methods based on long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system,It is emulated using long-short baselines Interferometer angle measurement principle combination MATLAB and carries out long-short baselines ambiguity solution angle measurement modeling and simulation,By the way that different frequency is arranged,The system parameters such as tested angle,Analyze the interferometer ambiguity solution ability under different base line dimensioning combinations,Optimal baseline dimensional structure of the long-short baselines angle measurement model under known work frequency band is provided to configure i.e. under the premise of given system operating frequency range and measurable angle range,By the size relationship for choosing appropriate long-short baselines,Direction-finding system is set to possess widest baseline phase error margin,So as to improve there are the type Interferometer angle measurements in the case of larger phase error without fuzzy success rate,Improve Measure direction performance when being influenced in practical applications by factors such as system and environment using the direction-finding system of long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of baseline choosing method, especially a kind of baseline based on long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system
Choosing method.
Background technique
Interferometer direction finding system has the advantages that simple algorithm, high-precision and high sensitivity, becomes in the world using more
A kind of direction finding system.It azimuthal and pitch angle can not only carry out the accurate direction finding of two dimension simultaneously, and to the pole of signal
Change error and amplitude is insensitive, antenna arrangement is more flexible, is suitable for the various applications such as vehicle-mounted, airborne.
The monitoring and reception of the broadband signal processing for facing high frequency band signal and guarantor so that interferometer direction finding is had to
Card low-frequency range equally has high angle measurement accuracy, these technical requirements can all lead to phase fuzzy problem, i.e., due to phase discriminator without
Method output exceedsPhase information, when the wave path-difference between two array element be greater than wavelength half when, will to measure
Phase difference existIt is aIt is fuzzy（For integer).To solve problems, the Ambiguity Technique of conventional dry interferometer is continuous
Innovation and development, many methods of having come into being, such as stereo base method, long-short baselines method, auxiliary base method and virtual baseline
Method etc..Every kind of method has its superiority and inferiority, but due to the limitation of application environment, some occasions are only applicable to the antenna of long-short baselines
Distribution form, and the design principle of such interferometer antenna battle array is exactly to reach Measure direction performance index using least antenna element,
And there is good robustness to phase noise（It is maximum under the certain ambiguity solution Probability Condition of the guarantee mentioned in simulation algorithm to survey phase
Error margin）, can in the environment of there are larger interference correct ambiguity solution, wherein the most basic problem for needing to study is exactly
Long-short baselines ambiguity solution angle measurement model based on biradical line.Although giving some long-short baselines in announced works and paper
The method and principle of design, but be all mostly the base line dimensioning and structure that a little particular kind of relationship are provided according to remainder theorem, for
The considerations of base line dimensioning value surveys phase error margin value relationship with baseline, which is also only fanned out from point to area, to be not enough.It so combines real
Border application, which type of baseline selection can satisfy such interferometer design requirement actually, not only meet angle measurement accuracy requirement, but also energy
It is enough to guarantee correct measurable angle range under larger interference environment, it is current urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of baseline choosing methods based on long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system, solve special
Determine in engineer application, traditional long-short baselines interferometer lateral system high precision angle-measuring and Angle measurement disambiguity under larger interference environment
Between design contradiction the problem of.
A kind of baseline choosing method based on long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system, the specific steps are that：
The first step establishes long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system baseline and chooses analogue system
Long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system baseline chooses analogue system, including：Parameter setting module, phase error generate mould
Block, phase difference determining module, angle-determining module and result display module.
The function of parameter setting module is：Initialize emulation experiment parameter；The function of phase error generation module is：It generates
Phase error；The function of phase difference determining module is：The parameter and phase error generation module provided according to parameter setting module
The phase error of generation determines the phase difference that long-short baselines generate；The function of angle-determining module is：Mould is determined according to phase difference
The phase difference that the long-short baselines that block determines generate determines the signal incident angle of the corresponding generation of long-short baselines；Result display module
Function be：Show signal incident angle simulation result.
Emulation experiment parameter is arranged in second step parameter setting module
The parameter setting module parameter to be arranged includes base line dimensioning, working frequency, measurable angle range and constant.
According to the needs of practical application, with reference to the target-seeking Radar Design requirement of missile-borne, parameter setting module is in emulation experiment
Several groups base line dimensioning, working frequency range and measurable angle range data are chosen to pass to phase difference as emulation experiment parameter and determine mould
Block.
Third step phase error generation module generates phase error
The simulation of phase error generation module because of the phase error caused by phase measurement noise, the magnitude of the phase error of generation according to
It is determined according to the statistical result of requirement of system design combination Practical Project development process, value is arranged at 10 degree to 180 degree section
It is chosen according to emulation experiment.The phase error data that phase error generation module generates passes to phase difference and determines mould
Block.
4th step phase difference determining module determines the phase difference that long-short baselines generate
The phase error that the parameter and phase error generation module that phase difference determining module is provided according to parameter setting module generate
Determine the phase difference that length base generates.The lateral principle of long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system is：
Single lateral formula of baseline interferometer is：
(1)
In formula：
Interferometer base；
Signal wavelength；
Phase difference
Signal incident angle
For long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system, there are three direction-finder antennas to form, and wherein antenna a and antenna b constitutes short baseline,
Base line dimensioning is, antenna a and antenna c composition Long baselines, base line dimensioning are.Plane electromagnetic wave withIt is arrived for incident angles
Three direction-finder antennas, the wave path-difference that electromagnetic wave reaches between antenna are respectivelyWith, then as caused by wave path-difference
Phase difference isWith, i.e.,：
In formula：
Short baseline length；
Short baseline length；
Signal wavelength；
Short baseline phase is poor；
Long baselines phase difference；
Signal incident angle.
According to formula（2）, phase difference determining module determine long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system long-short baselines generate
Phase difference, then the phase error that superposition phase error generation module generates, pass to angle-determining module.
5th step angle-determining module determines the signal incident angle that long-short baselines generate
Since practical baseline phase difference is directly obtained by phase discriminator, only existThe phase main value in section, with letter
Number incident frequencies increase and the influence of phase error, different degrees of phase ambiguity, institute can all occur for long-short baselines
The process of actually Angle measurement disambiguity is determined with angle.
Firstly, for analogue phase detection device phase output characteristic, the phase number that needs to determine phase difference determining module into
Phase difference, i.e., be planned for by row phase main valueSection.Secondly, selection Angle measurement disambiguity mode.Using " improved to search
Rope method " carries out Angle measurement disambiguity and determines that this " improved search method " passes through formula：
In formula：
Short baseline length；
Short baseline length；
Signal wavelength；
Short baseline phase measures main value；
Long baselines phase measurement main value；
Short baseline phase fuzziness；
Short baseline phase fuzziness；
Signal incident angle；
Obtain the phase measurement main value of long-short baselines generationWith.Then according to restrictive condition, i.e., without fuzzy measurable angle range side
Dividing value, traversing signal incident angle under restrictive condition isWhen long-short baselines generate all phase differences, i.e.,
With, whereinIndicate set,Indicate that all short baseline phases are poor,Indicate all Long baselines phase differences.Then according to Interferometer angle measurement formula（2）Back calculation signal incident angle,
To obtain the angle solution space of two baselines generationWith, whereinIndicate solution
Space,Indicate the angled resolving value of institute that short baseline generates,Indicate the institute that Long baselines generate
Angled resolving value.Compare all angle values of length baseline angle solution space, the i.e. difference at two Baselines angles, when taking wherein difference minimum, i.e.,Long baselines generate incident angle resolve
Value is used as angle measurement result, has not only guaranteed angle measurement without fuzzy but also guarantee angle measurement accuracy in this way.Angle measurement result passes to as the result is shown
Module.
6th step result display module shows signal incident angle simulation result
Result display module shows signal incident angle simulation result in the form that data are mapped, and converts different experiment ginsengs every time
Number, result display module provides corresponding data graphs, improved according to data graphs to simulation algorithm, to result into
Row analysis.
So far, the baseline for completing interferometer direction finding system is chosen.
This method utilizes mathematical simulation software, using the improved angle searching ambiguity solution method of long-short baselines, by continuously moving
The parameters such as short base line dimensioning and short baseline phase error are arranged in state, in targeted system working frequency range and antenna Receiver aperture
Under the conditions of, mathematical simulation has been carried out to direction finding process.By the comparison and analysis for simulation result, such baseline choosing is demonstrated
Take the positive certainty and feasibility of method, it was demonstrated that this method can well solve the angle measurement of long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system
Contradiction between precision and Angle measurement disambiguity range, to effectively be long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system interferometer base line cloth
Office is provided well closer to the design guarantee of practical application, achievees the purpose that the such interferometer design of optimization.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of baseline choosing method schematic illustration based on long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system of Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
A kind of baseline choosing method based on long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system, the specific steps are that：
The first step establishes long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system baseline and chooses analogue system
Long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system baseline chooses analogue system, including：Parameter setting module, phase error generate mould
Block, phase difference determining module, angle-determining module and result display module.
The function of parameter setting module is：Initialize emulation experiment parameter；The function of phase error generation module is：It generates
Phase error；The function of phase difference determining module is：The parameter and phase error generation module provided according to parameter setting module
The phase error of generation determines the phase difference that long-short baselines generate；The function of angle-determining module is：Mould is determined according to phase difference
The phase difference that the long-short baselines that block determines generate determines the signal incident angle of the corresponding generation of long-short baselines；Result display module
Function be：Show signal incident angle simulation result.
Emulation experiment parameter is arranged in second step parameter setting module
The parameter setting module parameter to be arranged includes base line dimensioning, working frequency, measurable angle range and constant.
According to the needs of practical application, with reference to the target-seeking Radar Design requirement of missile-borne, parameter setting module is in emulation experiment
Several groups base line dimensioning, working frequency range and measurable angle range data are chosen to pass to phase difference as emulation experiment parameter and determine mould
Block.
Third step phase error generation module generates phase error
The simulation of phase error generation module because of the phase error caused by phase measurement noise, the magnitude of the phase error of generation according to
It is determined according to the statistical result of requirement of system design combination Practical Project development process, value is arranged at 10 degree to 180 degree section
It is chosen according to emulation experiment.The phase error data that phase error generation module generates passes to phase difference and determines mould
Block.
4th step phase difference determining module determines the phase difference that long-short baselines generate
The phase error that the parameter and phase error generation module that phase difference determining module is provided according to parameter setting module generate
Determine the phase difference that length base generates.The lateral principle of long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system is：
Single lateral formula of baseline interferometer is：
(1)
In formula：
Interferometer base；
Signal wavelength；
Phase difference
Signal incident angle
For long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system, there are three direction-finder antennas to form, and wherein antenna a and antenna b constitutes short baseline,
Base line dimensioning is, antenna a and antenna c composition Long baselines, base line dimensioning are.Plane electromagnetic wave withIt is arrived for incident angles
Three direction-finder antennas, the wave path-difference that electromagnetic wave reaches between antenna are respectivelyWith, then as caused by wave path-difference
Phase difference isWith, i.e.,：
In formula：
Short baseline length；
Short baseline length；
Signal wavelength；
Short baseline phase is poor
Long baselines phase difference
Signal incident angle
According to formula（2）, phase difference determining module determine long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system long-short baselines generate phase
Difference, then the phase error that superposition phase error generation module generates, pass to angle-determining module.
5th step angle-determining module determines the signal incident angle that long-short baselines generate
Since practical baseline phase difference is directly obtained by phase discriminator, only existThe phase main value in section, with letter
Number incident frequencies increase and the influence of phase error, different degrees of phase ambiguity, institute can all occur for long-short baselines
The process of actually Angle measurement disambiguity is determined with angle.
Firstly, for analogue phase detection device phase output characteristic, the phase number that needs to determine phase difference determining module into
Phase difference, i.e., be planned for by row phase main valueSection.Secondly, selection Angle measurement disambiguity mode.Using " improved to search
Rope method " carries out Angle measurement disambiguity and determines that this " improved search method " passes through formula：
In formula：
Short baseline length；
Short baseline length；
Signal wavelength；
Short baseline phase measures main value
Long baselines phase measurement main value
Short baseline phase fuzziness
Short baseline phase fuzziness
Signal incident angle
Obtain the phase measurement main value of long-short baselines generationWith.Then according to restrictive condition, i.e., without fuzzy measurable angle range side
Dividing value, traversing signal incident angle under restrictive condition isWhen long-short baselines generate all phase differences, i.e.,
With, whereinIndicate set,Indicate that all short baseline phases are poor,Indicate all Long baselines phase differences.Then according to Interferometer angle measurement formula（2）Back calculation signal incident angle,
To obtain the angle solution space of two baselines generationWith, whereinIt indicates
Solution space,Indicate the angled resolving value of institute that short baseline generates,Indicate what Long baselines generated
The angled resolving value of institute.Compare all angle values of length baseline angle solution space, the i.e. difference at two Baselines angles, when taking wherein difference minimum, i.e.,Long baselines generate incident angle resolving value
As angle measurement result, not only guaranteed angle measurement without fuzzy but also guarantee angle measurement accuracy in this way.Angle measurement result passes to mould as the result is shown
Block.
6th step result display module shows signal incident angle simulation result
Result display module shows signal incident angle simulation result in the form that data are mapped, and converts different experiment ginsengs every time
Number, result display module provides corresponding data graphs, improved according to data graphs to simulation algorithm, to result into
Row analysis.
So far, the baseline for completing interferometer direction finding system is chosen.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of baseline choosing method of long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system, it is characterised in that the specific steps are：
The first step establishes long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system baseline and chooses analogue system
Long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system baseline chooses analogue system, including：Parameter setting module, phase error generate mould
Block, phase difference determining module, angle-determining module and result display module；
The function of parameter setting module is：Initialize emulation experiment parameter；The function of phase error generation module is：Generate phase
Error；The function of phase difference determining module is：The parameter and phase error generation module provided according to parameter setting module generates
Phase error determine long-short baselines generate phase difference；The function of angle-determining module is：It is true according to phase difference determining module
The phase difference that fixed long-short baselines generate determines the signal incident angle of the corresponding generation of long-short baselines；The function of result display module
Can be：Show signal incident angle simulation result；
Emulation experiment parameter is arranged in second step parameter setting module
The parameter setting module parameter to be arranged includes base line dimensioning, working frequency, measurable angle range and constant；
According to the needs of practical application, with reference to the target-seeking Radar Design requirement of missile-borne, parameter setting module is chosen in emulation experiment
Several groups base line dimensioning, working frequency range and measurable angle range data pass to phase difference determining module as emulation experiment parameter；
Third step phase error generation module generates phase error
The simulation of phase error generation module because of the phase error caused by phase measurement noise, the magnitude of the phase error of generation according to
It is determined according to the statistical result of requirement of system design combination Practical Project development process, value is arranged at 10 degree to 180 degree section
It is chosen according to emulation experiment；The phase error data that phase error generation module generates passes to phase difference and determines mould
Block；
4th step phase difference determining module determines the phase difference that long-short baselines generate
The phase error that the parameter and phase error generation module that phase difference determining module is provided according to parameter setting module generate
Determine the phase difference that length base generates；The lateral principle of long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system is：
Single lateral formula of baseline interferometer is：
(1)
In formula：
Interferometer base；
Signal wavelength；
Phase difference；
Signal incident angle；
For long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system, there are three direction-finder antennas to form, and wherein antenna a and antenna b constitutes short baseline,
Base line dimensioning is, antenna a and antenna c composition Long baselines, base line dimensioning are；Plane electromagnetic wave withIt is arrived for incident angles
Three direction-finder antennas, the wave path-difference that electromagnetic wave reaches between antenna are respectivelyWith, then as caused by wave path-difference
Phase difference isWith, i.e.,：
In formula：
Short baseline length；
Short baseline length；
Signal wavelength；
Short baseline phase is poor；
Long baselines phase difference；
Signal incident angle；
According to formula（2）, phase difference determining module determine long-short baselines interferometer direction finding system long-short baselines generate phase
Difference, then the phase error that superposition phase error generation module generates, pass to angle-determining module；
5th step angle-determining module determines the signal incident angle that long-short baselines generate
Since practical baseline phase difference is directly obtained by phase discriminator, only existThe phase main value in section, with letter
Number incident frequencies increase and the influence of phase error, different degrees of phase ambiguity, institute can all occur for long-short baselines
The process of actually Angle measurement disambiguity is determined with angle；
Firstly, the phase number for needing to determine phase difference determining module carries out phase for analogue phase detection device phase output characteristic
Phase difference, i.e., be planned for by position main valueSection；Secondly, selection Angle measurement disambiguity mode；Using " improved search
Method " carries out Angle measurement disambiguity and determines that this " improved search method " passes through formula：
In formula：
Short baseline length；
Short baseline length；
Signal wavelength；
Short baseline phase measures main value；
Long baselines phase measurement main value；
Short baseline phase fuzziness；
Short baseline phase fuzziness；
Signal incident angle；
Obtain the phase measurement main value of long-short baselines generationWith；Then according to restrictive condition, i.e., without fuzzy measurable angle range boundary
Value, traversing signal incident angle under restrictive condition isWhen long-short baselines generate all phase differences, i.e.,With, whereinIndicate set,Indicate that all short baseline phases are poor,Indicate all Long baselines phase differences；Then according to Interferometer angle measurement formula（2）Back calculation signal incident angle,
To obtain the angle solution space of two baselines generationWith, whereinIt indicates
Solution space,Indicate the angled resolving value of institute that short baseline generates,Indicate what Long baselines generated
The angled resolving value of institute；Compare all angle values of length baseline angle solution space, the i.e. difference at two Baselines angles, when taking wherein difference minimum, i.e.,Long baselines generate incident angle resolving value
As angle measurement result, not only guaranteed angle measurement without fuzzy but also guarantee angle measurement accuracy in this way；Angle measurement result passes to mould as the result is shown
Block；
6th step result display module shows signal incident angle simulation result
Result display module shows signal incident angle simulation result in the form that data are mapped, and converts different experiment ginsengs every time
Number, result display module provides corresponding data graphs, improved according to data graphs to simulation algorithm, to result into
Row analysis；
So far, the baseline for completing interferometer direction finding system is chosen.
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| CN110444886A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-11-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | A method of reducing phase difference error between antenna caused by being changed by polarization |
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| CN112162234A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-01 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Wide-angle high-precision angle measurement method based on eight-port four-baseline radio frequency equipment |
| CN112162234B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2023-07-25 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Wide-angle high-precision angle measurement method based on eight-port four-baseline radio frequency equipment |
| CN112965147B (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2022-11-11 | 珠海复旦创新研究院 | System error simulation and optimization method of broadband interferometer lightning positioning system |
| CN112965147A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-15 | 珠海复旦创新研究院 | System error simulation and optimization method of broadband interferometer lightning positioning system |
| CN114024143A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-02-08 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Composite array arrangement method based on small-caliber ultra-wideband linear array interferometer |
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