CN108875094B

CN108875094B - Public transportation information system

Info

Publication number: CN108875094B
Application number: CN201811029453.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩金山
Original assignee: Jiao Weidong
Current assignee: Qingdao Huilian Electronic Information Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2012-09-27
Filing date: 2012-09-27
Publication date: 2021-12-03
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-27
Also published as: CN108875094A; CN103020104B; CN103020104A; WO2014048217A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a public transportation information system, which helps public transportation participants to realize asynchronous exchange of public transportation information among the participants, and the system comprises: the bus information asynchronous exchange center comprises a general networking device controlled by a bus participant and a bus information asynchronous exchange center. The system sends a public transportation information exchange request through controlled general networking equipment, wherein the exchange request comprises public transportation information or/and an inquiry request for changing out, a public transportation information asynchronous exchange center receives the public transportation information exchange request, stores the public transportation information for changing out, inquires the required public transportation information from the public transportation information used for changing out by other public transportation participants which is stored in the public transportation asynchronous exchange center according to the inquiry request in the exchange request, and returns the public transportation information to the general networking equipment, so that the openness of public transportation information inquiry service is maintained, the cost of the public transportation information service is reduced to the maximum extent, and more diversified public transportation information than the prior art is provided.

Description

Public transportation information system

The application is a divisional application of a patent with an application date of 2012, 9 and 27, and an application number of 201210363380.6, and named as a public transportation information query method, a public transportation information collection method and a public transportation information system.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of traffic information, in particular to a public transportation information system.

Background

Public transportation information is important for public transportation participants including passengers, bus drivers (hereinafter referred to as drivers) and bus yard dispatchers (hereinafter referred to as dispatchers). The bus information including the waiting information of the passengers and the running information of the buses/ships is timely and comprehensively mastered, so that the passengers can select proper bus routes, riding time and even proper buses, the traffic time is saved, the comfort level of taking public traffic is improved, and the proportion of green travel is improved; the bus operation condition is known, the bus driver and the dispatcher are facilitated to optimize the dispatching and operation of the bus, and the bus service quality and the operation benefit are improved.

The existing public transportation information technology provides various technical routes for inquiring and collecting public transportation information, and comprises the step of automatically acquiring the position information of a public transportation vehicle in real time or at regular time through vehicle-mounted equipment based on a wireless communication positioning technology, vehicle-mounted equipment based on a GPS positioning technology, or near field communication between a public transportation station and the public transportation vehicle or other special equipment. However, the prior art has more or less the following problems to be solved: firstly, special bus information source equipment needs to be configured, so that huge investment and maintenance cost are needed for providing bus information service, the cost for providing the bus information service is higher, meanwhile, the asset dependence relationship generated by the special bus information source equipment also enables the operation of the bus information service to depend on the operation of public transport seriously, and the openness of the bus information service is reduced; secondly, the content of the bus information automatically collected by the physical equipment is relatively single, and besides information content easily captured by the physical equipment such as position information, the information about riding conditions such as sanitary conditions of the bus and crowding conditions in the bus, which are concerned by passengers, is difficult to obtain; thirdly, the working mode of the automatic or timed bus information source physical equipment is synchronous, namely the sent bus position information is synchronous or almost synchronous to the real-time change of the position, although the position of a bus or passengers can be accurate to meter level or ten meters, on a municipal bus road with complex road conditions, the position information measured by meters is not as good as the position information marked by bus stations, and the judgment and prediction of the bus participants familiar with the road conditions can be more facilitated, under the condition, the synchronous working mode of acquiring the bus information not only wastes the electric power and more communication resources of the equipment, occupies unnecessary bandwidth, but also has lower availability of the provided information; if the position information measured by meters is converted into the use of bus stations or bus place marks, detailed bus geographic information data is needed, so that links of information processing are increased, and certain computing resources are wasted; when the synchronous working mode is applied to the physical equipment carried by passengers, the occupation of resources is more serious.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been devised to solve the above and other problems in the prior art of bus information, and a first object of the present invention is to provide a bus information query method, collection method and system free from configuring any special bus information source device; a second object of the present invention is to provide a method for inquiring, a method for collecting bus information and a system thereof, which can inquire and collect richer information about the operation of a bus system, including information about the schedule description of the bus, the riding conditions in operation and diversified bus information about passengers, in addition to location information; the third purpose of the invention is to provide a method and a system for inquiring and collecting the public transportation information, which collects the public transportation information in an asynchronous working mode, namely the collection of the public transportation information is accompanied with the inquiry of the public transportation information submitted by the public transportation participants, but not accompanied with the real-time change of the positions of the public transportation participants.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for inquiring and collecting public traffic information, wherein public traffic participants finish inquiring the public traffic information by participating in the asynchronous exchange of the public traffic information, and a public traffic information asynchronous exchange center collects the public traffic information in the process of assisting the asynchronous exchange of the public traffic information; the bus participants participate in the operation of bus information asynchronous exchange, including the swap-out operation O and the swap-in operation I of the bus information, wherein the swap-out operation O comprises a step-O1 and a step-O2:

step-O1: the public transportation participants send public transportation information exchange requests to the public transportation information asynchronous exchange center through the general networking equipment controlled by the public transportation participants, and the exchange requests contain public transportation information which is known by the public transportation participants at the moment and used for changing out;

step-O2: the bus information asynchronous exchange center receives a bus information exchange request from the general networking equipment, separates out bus information which is known by the bus participants at the moment and used for changing out the bus information, and stores the separated bus information;

the swap-in operation I comprises steps-I1 to-I3:

step-I1: the bus participants send bus information exchange requests to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through the general networking equipment controlled by the bus participants, and the exchange requests comprise bus information inquiry requests of the bus participants;

step-I2: the bus information asynchronous exchange center receives a bus information exchange request from the universal networking equipment and separates out a bus information inquiry request of the bus participant from the bus information exchange request; inquiring related public transportation information from the public transportation information exchanged by other stored public transportation participants according to the analyzed public transportation information inquiry request, and returning a corresponding inquiry result to the general networking equipment controlled by the public transportation participants;

step-I3: the general networking equipment controlled by the bus participants receives the information returned by the bus information asynchronous exchange center and displays the query result;

the two operations are combined according to a certain mode to form a corresponding bus information asynchronous exchange process, the bus participants participate in the bus information asynchronous exchange according to the exchange process to realize a bus information inquiry task, and the bus information asynchronous exchange center collects new bus information.

Further, the two operations are combined in a certain manner, including the following two manners:

the parallel connection mode is as follows: combining the swap-out operation and the swap-in operation in a manner that the two operations start to be executed at the same time;

the series connection mode is as follows: the swap-out operation and the swap-in operation are combined in such a way that one of the operations starts to be executed at a time after the end time of the other operation.

The bus information query method, the bus information collection method and the bus information system provided by the invention are widely applied to the traffic fields of urban buses, urban and rural passenger transport, long-distance passenger transport, unit buses, car sharing, rail passenger transport, waterway passenger transport, aviation passenger transport, tourist attractions and sightseeing buses and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 illustrates the basic operational categories and procedures of asynchronous exchange of bus information according to the bus information query and collection method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates a bus information asynchronous exchange process of parallel combination modules according to the bus information query and collection method of the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows an example of bus information asynchronous exchange included in the first embodiment of the bus information query and collection method of the present invention;

FIG. 4 illustrates an autonomous bus information asynchronous exchange process of bus participants of a second embodiment of the bus information query and collection method of the present invention;

FIG. 5 illustrates a process in which a passenger participates in the asynchronous exchange of bus information according to a third embodiment of the bus information query and collection method of the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows a process of a bus owner participating in asynchronous exchange of bus information in a pending departure state according to a third embodiment of the bus information query and collection method of the present invention;

FIG. 7 shows a process of the bus driver and passenger participating in the asynchronous exchange of bus information in the running state according to the third embodiment of the bus information query and collection method of the present invention;

FIG. 8 illustrates a passenger participating in the asynchronous exchange of bus information according to a fourth embodiment of the bus information query and collection method of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the bus information system of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the bus information system of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the bus information system of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The asynchronous exchange of the public transportation information is the basis of all the embodiments of the invention, and in order to facilitate the description of the embodiments of the invention, the basic operation process of the asynchronous exchange of the public transportation information is given firstly; fig. 1 shows basic operations and corresponding processes of asynchronous exchange of bus information in the present invention, where the basic operations include two types: the method comprises the steps of performing a swap-in operation I and a swap-out operation O on public transportation information; the process of the swap-in operation I comprises the following steps:

i1: a bus participant (agent) sends a bus information exchange request to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through a general networking device controlled by the agent, wherein the exchange request comprises a bus information inquiry request (A) of the bus participant;

i2: the bus information asynchronous exchange center receives the bus information query request from the general networking equipment and extracts a bus information query request (A) from the bus information query request; inquiring related bus information (Q) from the stored bus information exchanged by other bus participants according to the bus information inquiry request (A), and returning a corresponding inquiry result to the general networking equipment;

i3: the general networking equipment controlled by the bus participant (agent) receives the information returned by the bus information asynchronous exchange center and displays the query result;

the process of swapping out operation O comprises:

o1: a bus participant (agent) sends a bus information exchange request to a bus information asynchronous exchange center through a general networking device controlled by the agent, wherein the exchange request contains bus information (T) which is known by the bus participant at the moment and used for exchange;

o2: the bus information asynchronous exchange center receives a bus information exchange request from the general networking equipment, separates out bus information (T) which is known by the bus participants at the moment and used for exchange, arranges the bus information into information items, and stores the arranged information items (S);

for the asynchronous exchange of the public transportation information, the basic operation in fig. 1 is 'atomic', and any asynchronous exchange process of the public transportation information can be formed by combining the two operations according to a certain mode; the two "atomic" operations are quoted in a certain bus activity scene, and need to provide relevant quote parameters, including two arguments: the bus participant (agent) and the information (info) needed for executing the operation prototype, and the query request (A) and the corresponding query operation (Q), or/and the information (T) for swapping out and the corresponding storage operation (S);

fig. 2 shows a bus information asynchronous exchange process formed by combining the basic operations in parallel in fig. 1, where the process includes ═ 1 → 2 → 3, and step $ 1 is a merge of I1 and O1 in fig. 1, and query request a in I1 and swap-out information T in O1 constitute the content of the bus information exchange request in $ 1; step @ 2 is the merger of I2 and O2 in fig. 1, and query operation Q in I2 and storage operation S in O1 constitute the core operation of the bus information asynchronous exchange center in this step; step $ 3 consists only of I3 in the swap-in operation described in fig. 1; the specific process comprises the following steps:

u1: a bus participant (agent) sends a bus information exchange request to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through a general networking device controlled by the agent, wherein the exchange request comprises a bus information inquiry request (A) of the bus participant and bus information (T) which is known by the bus participant at the moment and used for changing out;

U.S. 2: the bus information asynchronous exchange center receives a bus information exchange request from the general networking equipment, and separates out a bus information inquiry request (A) of the bus participant and bus information (T) which is known at the moment and used for being exchanged; according to the bus information inquiry request (A), inquiring related bus information (Q) from the stored bus information exchanged by other bus participants, and returning a corresponding inquiry result to the general networking equipment controlled by the bus participants; arranging the public transportation information (T) which is known by the public transportation participants at the moment and used for changing out into information items, and storing the arranged information items (S);

U.S. 3: and the general networking equipment controlled by the bus participant (agent) receives the information returned by the bus information asynchronous exchange center and displays the query result.

The parallel combination module in fig. 2 is the most common "middleware" operation for constructing the asynchronous exchange process of public transportation information;

the first embodiment of the invention comprises the steps that bus participants participate in the asynchronous exchange process of bus information in different specific bus activity scenes, which are different example processes; in this embodiment, the bus participants are divided into three types: the properties of the bus information used by the bus participants for changing out or the bus information to be inquired (requiring to be changed in) comprise three types: public transportation information about passengers waiting for the bus, scheduling information about the bus, and operation information about the bus; the bus information asynchronous exchange center stores the received bus information used by the bus participants to be exchanged in different bus information sets, and for this purpose, the bus information asynchronous exchange center establishes a passenger waiting information set (PW), a dispatcher-sourced bus scheduling information set (DD), a driver-sourced bus scheduling information set (CD), a passenger-sourced unidentified bus operation information set (NPR), a passenger-sourced identified bus operation information set (IPR) and a driver-sourced bus operation information set (CR) in advance, and is used for preparing to store the received corresponding bus information; the corresponding information set is hereinafter denoted by the code in parentheses; the bus information in the information set adopts the form of information items;

in this embodiment, when the bus information set is specifically implemented, the data is organized as follows: the PW is used for preparing and storing planned riding information sent by passengers, wherein fields contained in information items comprise member identifications of the passengers sending the information, planned riding lines, planned riding directions, planned stations, planned station getting-on times, planned station getting-off times, planned arrival time of the passengers, waiting states, information receiving time (which can also be information storage time and can be automatically added by a system) and riding descriptions, and each information item only contains one planned riding line, direction and planned station getting-on; the DD is used for preparing and storing bus dispatching information sent by a dispatcher, fields contained in information items comprise member identification, a departure line, a departure direction, a departure station number, a unique departure vehicle identification, a departure time, a departure description and an information receiving time of the dispatcher sending the information, and each information item only contains one departure line, departure direction, departure station and unique bus identification; the CD is used for preparing and storing bus dispatching information sent by drivers and passengers, fields contained in information items comprise member identification, departure circuit, departure direction, departure station number, unique identification of the bus, departure time, departure description and information receiving time of the drivers and passengers sending the information, and each information item only contains one departure circuit, departure direction, departure station and unique identification of the bus; the NPR is used to prepare to store actual bus information or actual bus information sent by the passenger without containing the unique identification of the bus, the information entry comprises fields including a member identification of a passenger sending the information, a bus route (corresponding to an actual bus route in the actual bus getting-on information or an actual bus taking route in the actual bus taking information), a direction (corresponding to an actual bus getting-on direction in the actual bus getting-on information or an actual bus taking direction in the actual bus taking information), a station (corresponding to an actual bus getting-on station in the actual bus getting-on information or an actual stop station in the actual bus taking information), a station number, a station entering moment (corresponding to an actual bus getting-on moment in the actual bus getting-on information or an actual station entering moment in the actual bus taking information), a bus taking condition and an information receiving moment, wherein each information entry only comprises one route, one direction and one station; the IPR is used for preparing and storing actual vehicle-getting-on information or actual bus-taking information which is sent by passengers and contains unique identification of the buses, wherein fields contained in information items comprise member identification, bus lines (corresponding to actual vehicle-getting-on lines in the actual vehicle-getting-on information or actual bus-taking lines in the actual bus-taking information), directions (corresponding to actual vehicle-getting-on directions in the actual vehicle-getting-on information or actual bus-taking directions in the actual bus-taking information), stations (corresponding to actual vehicle-getting-on stations in the actual vehicle-getting-on information or actual stop stations in the actual bus-taking information), station number, unique identification of the buses, arrival time (corresponding to actual vehicle-getting-on time in the actual vehicle-getting-on information or actual arrival time in the actual bus-taking information), bus-taking conditions and information receiving time of the passengers, and each information item only contains one line, Unique identification of direction, station and bus; the CR is used for preparing and storing the running information of the sent buses sent by drivers and conductors, wherein fields contained in information items comprise member identification, running lines, running directions, stop stations, stop station numbers, unique identification of the bus, arrival time, riding conditions and information receiving time for sending the information, and each information item only comprises one running line, running directions, stop stations and unique identification of the bus; in the public transportation information set, each information item only comprises one member identification; if the bus information to be stored in the information set contains two or more values of fields requiring one value, the bus information is divided into a plurality of information items so as to ensure that each information item only contains one value of the fields; the different pre-created public transportation information sets can be realized by using a database technology, and related query operation and storage operation can be written into corresponding query commands and storage commands by using a Structured Query Language (SQL);

for convenience of referring to the "atomic" operation in fig. 1 and the "middleware" operation in fig. 2 in this embodiment, a plurality of operation prototypes are given to the basic operation in fig. 1 in a certain bus activity application scenario;

for the swap-in operation I in fig. 1, considering a passenger who wants to take a bus and wants to know bus information related to his planned bus information, the swap-in operation I may include 3 operation prototypes:

operating prototype I-P-1: a passenger who wants to take a bus and wants to know the bus running information related to the bus taking plan; performing three steps (I1 → I2 → I3) of the swap-in operation I in fig. 1, wherein the argument agent is a passenger and the argument info includes planned riding information of the passenger; correspondingly, the bus information inquiry request in the step I1, a, includes: (I-P- ｃA-1) requesting to return operation information of an upstream public transportation vehicle suitable for the planned riding information of the agent, and correspondingly, in step I2, inquiring related public transportation information from the stored public transportation information exchanged by other public transportation participants, Q, comprising:

(I-P-Q-1) for each planned route and direction of said passenger, performing the following queries on said IPR, NPR, CR: searching for an operation information item which contains the same route as the planned taking route of the agent and has the latest arrival time of different buses from the IPR, and returning from the found information item, wherein the contained direction is consistent with the planned taking direction of the agent, and the contained station number is not more than the operation information item of the planned getting-on station number of the agent; finding out information items from NPR, wherein the included route and direction are respectively consistent with the planned riding route and direction of the agent, the included station number is not more than the information items of the planned boarding station number of the agent, selecting the latest operation information items of the boarding time of different stations from the found information items, calculating the ratio of the mileage (the data is taken from a bus information static information set) of the actual boarding station to the next station to the duration of the actual boarding time in the items from the current time, wherein the ratio is called the freshness index of the information (the freshness index is not repeated below), returning the operation information items with larger freshness index from the selected information items, and the returned number is not more than one half of the planned boarding station number (or 1 added) of the agent; searching from the CR, returning an operation information item which contains the same route as the planned taking route of the agent and has the latest arrival time of different buses from the found information item, wherein the contained direction is consistent with the planned taking direction of the corresponding route of the agent, and the contained station number is not more than the operation information item of the station number of the planned getting-on station of the agent in the corresponding direction of the corresponding route; removing the items which contain the same station as the getting-on station of the agent plan and have the getting-on time earlier than the getting-on time of the agent plan from the return results of the queries executed on the NPR, IPR and CR; all the last remaining operation information items form a query result of the agent query request; finally, when no information item is returned, returning a message about the temporary absence of the bus information meeting the requirements;

correspondingly, step I3, the agent-controlled universal networking device receives the information returned by the bus information asynchronous exchange center, and displays the query result; (each operation prototype of the bus information exchange operation I has a step I3 depending on the operation prototype agent, and the description of I3 is omitted in the following description of the operation prototype)

Operating prototype I-P-2: a passenger who wants to take a bus and wants to know the dispatching information of the bus related to the bus taking plan; performing three steps (I1 → I2 → I3) of the swap-in operation I in fig. 1, wherein the argument agent is a passenger and the argument info includes planned riding information of the passenger; correspondingly, the bus information inquiry request in the step I1, a, includes: (I-P- ｃA-2) requesting to return bus scheduling information suitable for the planned riding information of the agent, and correspondingly, in step I2, inquiring related bus information from the stored bus information exchanged by other bus participants, wherein Q comprises:

(I-P-Q-2) for each planned route and direction of said passenger, performing the following queries on said DD, CD: and searching for a scheduling information item which has the same line as the planned riding line of the agent from the DD, and dividing the searched information item into two parts: the information items containing the planned arrival time of the agent at the bus station are not later than the information items containing the planned arrival time of the agent at the bus station, the information items containing the planned arrival time of the agent at the bus station are later than the information items, the information items containing the bus departure direction which is consistent with the planned riding direction of the agent are returned from the second part, the information items containing the latest planned arrival time of different buses are selected from the information items of the first part, the information items containing the bus departure direction which is consistent with the planned riding direction of the agent are returned from the selected information items according to the priority sequence from the late to the early of the planned departure time, and the number of the returned information items is not more than one half of the planned arrival time (or 1) of the planned arrival time of the agent; searching for a scheduling information item which has the same route as the planned taking route of the agent and is the latest scheduled bus time of different buses, selecting an information item with the direction consistent with the planned taking direction of the agent from the searched information items, and returning the information item with the later scheduled bus time from the selected information item, wherein the returned number is not more than one half of the station number (or plus 1) of the planned station of the agent; if all planned bus routes and directions are inquired and no information item is returned at last, returning a message about temporary meeting the required bus information;

prototype I-P-3 was operated: a passenger who wants to take a bus and wants to know the waiting information of the upstream passenger related to the bus taking plan; performing three steps (I1 → I2 → I3) of the swap-in operation I in fig. 1, wherein the argument agent is a passenger and the argument info includes planned riding information of the passenger; correspondingly, the bus information inquiry request in the step I1, a, includes: (I-P- ｃA-3) requesting to return the waiting information of the upstream passenger suitable for the planned taking information of the agent, and correspondingly, in step I2, inquiring relevant public transportation information from the public transportation information exchanged by other public transportation participants, Q, comprises: (I-P-Q-3) searching and returning each planned taking route and direction of the passenger from the PW, wherein the waiting state is a waiting information item in which the planned taking route and direction in waiting are respectively consistent with the planned taking route and direction of the agent, and the included planned station number is not more than the planned station number; the inquiry condition that the waiting state is the waiting information of passengers in waiting comprises that for the waiting information of a certain passenger, all the running information of the buses with matched lines, directions and stop stations is found out from CR, NPR and IPR, and if the arrival time in all the found running information of the buses is not later than the time of the passengers planning to arrive at the bus-in station in the waiting information, the waiting state of the waiting information of the passenger is in waiting; other prototypes and examples in the embodiment determine that the waiting state is a passenger waiting information item in waiting according to the condition, and another method for determining the waiting state is introduced in the third embodiment;

for the bus information switching operation I in fig. 1, considering the bus activities from the stage of receiving the dispatching instruction to the stage of operating the bus, the driver wants to know the bus information associated with the dispatching information or the operating information of the bus, and in this case, the bus information switching operation I may include 4 operation prototypes:

operating prototype I-C-1: a driver and a passenger just receive the dispatching instruction of the bus and want to know the waiting information of the passengers; performing three steps (I1 → I2 → I3) of the swap-in operation I in fig. 1, wherein the argument agent is a driver and the argument info includes the dispatching information of the local bus in the dispatching instruction; correspondingly, the bus information inquiry request in the step I1, a, includes: (I-C-a-1) the waiting information of the passenger who requires to return the scheduling information of the bus suitable for the agent, and correspondingly, the step I2 inquires relevant bus information from the stored bus information exchanged by other bus participants, Q, includes:

(I-C-Q-1) searching and returning from the PW, wherein the waiting state is a waiting information item in which the planned riding line and the planned riding direction in the waiting are respectively consistent with the departure line and the direction of the agent bus in the dispatching instruction;

prototype I-C-2 was operated: a driver and a passenger just receive the dispatching instruction of the bus and want to know the related operation information of the same type of bus; executing three steps (I1 → I2 → I3) of the swap-in operation I in FIG. 1, wherein agent is a driver and the argument info includes the dispatching information of the bus in the dispatching instruction; correspondingly, the bus information inquiry request in the step I1, a, includes: (I-C-a-2) the co-route co-directional bus operation information of the local bus scheduling information required to be returned to the agent, and correspondingly, the step I2 inquires related bus information from the stored bus information exchanged by other bus participants, wherein Q comprises:

(I-C-Q-2) searching for the running information item which is the same as the departure route of the agent's own bus and is the latest at the arrival time of different buses from the IPR, and returning the running information item which is the same as the departure direction of the agent's own bus from the found information item; finding out information items, the routes and the directions of which are respectively consistent with the departure routes and the directions of the buses of the agent, from the NPR, selecting the latest operation information items of the arrival time of different stations from the found information items, calculating the ratio of the mileage between the actual station and the next station to the duration between the actual time and the current time in the items for each selected information item, called the freshness index of the information, returning the operation information items with larger freshness indexes from the selected information items, wherein the returned number is not more than one half of the total number of stations (or 1 plus) of the buses of the agent in the operation direction; searching for an operation information item which contains the same route as the departure route of the bus of the agent and is the latest at the arrival time of different buses from the CR, and returning an operation information item which contains the same direction as the departure direction of the bus of the agent from the found information item; all the last returned running information items form the result of the inquiry request of the agent; finally, when no information item is returned, returning a message about the temporary absence of the bus information meeting the requirements;

prototype I-C-3: a driver and a passenger who are controlling the bus to stop at a station want to know the waiting information of the downstream passengers; three steps (I1 → I2 → I3) of the swap-in operation I in fig. 1 are performed, wherein the argument agent is a driver and the argument info includes current operation information of the own bus; correspondingly, the bus information inquiry request in the step I1, a, includes: (I-C-a-3) the waiting information of the downstream passenger who requires to return the operation information of the bus suitable for the agent, and correspondingly, the step I2 inquires relevant bus information from the stored bus information exchanged by other bus participants, Q, includes:

(I-C-Q-3) searching and returning from the PW, wherein the waiting state is a waiting information item which is contained in the waiting state, contains a planned taking route and a planned taking direction which are respectively consistent with the route and the direction of the agent bus and contains a planned stop number which is larger than the stop number of the agent bus;

prototype I-C-4 was operated: a driver and a passenger who are controlling the bus to stop at a station; three steps (I1 → I2 → I3) of the swap-in operation I in fig. 1 are performed, wherein agent is a driver and the argument info includes current operation information of the bus; correspondingly, the bus information inquiry request in the step I1, a, includes: (I-C-a-4) the co-route co-directional bus operation information of the agent is required to be returned, and correspondingly, the step I2 inquires related bus information from the stored bus information exchanged by other bus participants, wherein Q comprises:

(I-C-Q-4) searching for the latest running information item of different buses at the arrival time, which is the same as the running line of the bus of the agent, from the IPR, and returning a running information item which is contained in the found information item and has the same direction as the running direction of the bus of the agent; finding out information items, the routes and the directions of which are respectively consistent with the running routes and the running directions of the buses of the agent, from the NPR, selecting the running information items with the latest arrival time of different stations from the found information items, calculating the ratio of the mileage between the actual station and the next station to the duration between the actual time and the current time in the items for each selected information item, called the freshness index of the information, returning the running information items with larger freshness indexes from the selected information items, wherein the returned number is not more than one half of the total number of stations (or 1 plus) in the running direction of the buses of the agent; searching for an operation information item which contains the same line as the operation line of the bus of the agent and is the latest at the arrival time of different buses from the CR, and returning an operation information item which contains the same direction as the operation direction of the bus of the agent from the found information item; all the last returned running information items form the result of the inquiry request of the agent; finally, when no information item is returned, returning a message about the temporary absence of the bus information meeting the requirements;

for the swap-in operation I described in fig. 1, the dispatcher wants to know the bus information related to the managed bus route, taking into account the information needs of the dispatcher's dispatching management activities; in this scenario, the swap-in operation I may include 2 operation prototypes:

operating prototype I-D-1: a dispatcher who wants to know information about passengers waiting on managed bus routes and directions; performing the three steps of the swap-in operation I in FIG. 1 (I1 → I2 → I3), wherein the argument agent is a dispatcher and the argument info includes the bus route and direction of interest to the dispatcher; correspondingly, the bus information inquiry request in the step I1, a, includes: (I-D-a-1) requesting to return passenger waiting information suitable for the bus route and direction concerned by the agent, and correspondingly, in step I2, inquiring related bus information from the stored bus information exchanged by other bus participants, Q, comprising:

(I-D-Q-1) searching and returning each line and direction concerned by the agent from the PW, wherein the waiting state is a passenger waiting information item, and the planned taking line and direction contained in the waiting are respectively consistent with the line and direction concerned by the agent;

prototype I-D-2 was operated: a dispatcher who wants to know the operation information of the same type of buses in the departure route and direction; performing the three steps of the swap-in operation I in FIG. 1 (I1 → I2 → I3), wherein the argument agent is a bus yard dispatcher and the argument info includes the bus lines and directions of interest to the dispatcher; correspondingly, the bus information inquiry in the step I1, a, includes: (I-D-a-2) requesting to return the bus running information on the line and direction suitable for the agent to care about, correspondingly, in step I2, inquiring the related bus information from the stored bus information exchanged by other bus participants, Q, comprising:

(I-D-Q-2) for each line and direction of agent relationship, the following queries are performed from IPR, NPR, CR: searching for an operation information item which is the same as the route concerned by the agent and is the latest at the arrival time of different buses from the IPR, and returning an operation information item which is contained in the found information item and has the same direction as the direction concerned by the agent; finding out information items, the routes and the directions of which are respectively consistent with the routes and the directions concerned by the agent, from the found information items, selecting the latest operation information items of different stations at the arrival time, calculating the freshness index of each selected information item, returning the operation information items with the larger freshness index, wherein the returned number is not more than one half of the total number (or plus 1) of the stations in the routes and the directions concerned by the agent; searching for the latest running information item of the arrival time of different buses, which has the same line as the line concerned by the agent, from the CR, and returning the running information item which has the same direction as the direction concerned by the agent from the found information item; all the last returned running information items form the result of the inquiry request of the agent; and finally, when no information item is returned, returning a message about the temporary absence of the bus information meeting the requirements.

In addition, in the bus information exchange operation prototype, for the query operation I-P-Q-1 or I-P-Q-2 contained in Q, the total number of query return scheduling information items executed on the DD or CD is one half of the number of station stops (or plus 1) of the planned bus getting on, and in other query operations contained in Q, the query operation based on the NPR, IPR or CR also requires to return the bus running information items with the number calculated in the same proportion; this one-half ratio implies a hypothesis: the dispatching plan controls the average density of the in-transit vehicles of the bus routes, so that one bus of the route exists at every other station; a method of calculating the number of corresponding return information items in a more accurate ratio may be employed, for example, the average interval running time of the buses of the corresponding bus route is divided by the average departure interval time of the route to obtain a multiple, and the multiple is used to replace the above-mentioned one-half to calculate the number of corresponding return information items;

for the bus information exchange operation O in fig. 1, the bus information already known by the passenger is sent to the bus information asynchronous exchange center in consideration of different stages of the passenger participating in the bus activity; in this case, the bus information swap-out operation O includes 3 operation prototypes:

operating the prototype O-P-1: a passenger wants to take a bus and releases the bus planning information; two steps O1 → O2 of performing the swap-out operation O in fig. 1, wherein the argument agent is a passenger and the argument info includes the planned ride information of the passenger at that time; correspondingly, the public transportation information for swapping out, T, which is known at that time in step O1 includes: (O-P-T-1) the current planned riding information of the agent, and correspondingly, the step of storing the bus information for swapping out, which is already known by the bus participant at the current time in step O2, S includes:

(O-P-S-1) arranging each bus line, direction and other corresponding fields in the planned riding information in the O-P-T-1 and the member identification of the agent into a passenger waiting information item, summarizing the waiting information items of different lines, directions and planned stations in the planned riding information to obtain a group of waiting information items of the agent, and storing the waiting information items in the PW;

operating the prototype O-P-2: a passenger is or just takes a bus and wants to release actual bus information; two steps O1 → O2 of the swap-out operation O in fig. 1 are performed, wherein the argument agent is a passenger and the argument info includes actual in-vehicle information of the passenger when the passenger gets on the bus; correspondingly, the public transportation information for swapping out, T, which is known at that time in step O1 includes: (O-P-T-2) actual bus information of the agent when the agent gets on the bus, and correspondingly, in step O2, storing the bus information for changing out that the bus participant has learned at that time, S includes:

(O-P-S-2) if the actual vehicle information in the O-P-T-2 does not contain the unique identification of the taken vehicle, forming an operation information item of the non-identification bus by each field of the actual vehicle information and the member identification of the agent together, and storing the operation information item in the NPR; if the actual vehicle information contains the unique identification of the vehicle, each field of the actual vehicle information and the member identification of the agent form an operation information item for identifying the bus and store the operation information item in the IPR;

operating the prototype O-P-3: after a passenger gets on a bus, the bus stops at a station and wants to release actual riding information; two steps O1 → O2 of the swap-out operation O in fig. 1 are executed, where the argument agent is a passenger, and the argument info includes actual riding information of the passenger on a bus, specifically including the actual riding route, direction, stop station number, arrival time, unique identifier of the riding vehicle, riding conditions, and the like, where the last two steps are optional; correspondingly, the public transportation information for swapping out, T, which is known at that time in step O1 includes: (O-P-T-3) the actual taking information of the agent after taking the bus, and correspondingly, in step O2, storing the bus information for changing which the bus participant has learned at that time, S includes:

(O-P-S-3) if the actual riding information in the O-P-T-3 does not contain the unique identifier of the riding vehicle, forming an operation information item of the non-identifier public transport vehicle by each field of the actual riding information and the member identifier of the agent together, and storing the operation information item in the NPR; if the actual riding information contains the unique identifier of the riding vehicle, each field of the actual riding information and the member identifier of the agent form an operation information item for identifying the public transport vehicle, and the operation information item is stored in the IPR;

the operation O of converting the bus information in fig. 1 considers the state of waiting for departure when the driver and the passenger receive the dispatching instruction and the state of running the bus, and the driver and the passenger need to send the bus information obtained by the driver and the passenger to the bus information asynchronous exchange center; in this scenario, the bus information swap-out operation O includes 2 operation prototypes:

operating the prototype O-C-1: the method comprises the following steps that a bus controlled by a driver and a passenger stops at a station and the current running information of the bus is released; performing the swap-out operation O1 → O2 in fig. 1, wherein the argument agent is a driver and the argument info includes current operation information of the bus; correspondingly, the public transportation information for swapping out, T, which is known at that time in step O1 includes: (O-C-T-1) the current operation information of the agent' S running bus, and correspondingly, the step of storing the bus information for changing out, which is obtained by the bus participant at that time, in step O2, S includes: (O-C-S-1) combining all fields of the operation information in the O-C-T-1 and the member identification of the agent into a bus operation information item of a driving and taking source, and storing the bus operation information item in the CR;

operating prototype O-C-2: a driver just receives a dispatching instruction about the bus, and the dispatching information about the bus in the dispatching instruction is issued; two steps O1 → O2 of the swap-out operation O in fig. 1 are performed, wherein the argument agent is a driver and the argument info includes the current scheduling information of the bus; correspondingly, the public transportation information for swapping out, T, which is known at that time in step O1 includes: (O-C-T-2) the agent receives the scheduling instruction about the scheduling information of the bus, and correspondingly, the step O2 of storing the bus information for changing out, which is already known by the bus participant at that time, includes: (O-C-S-2) combining all fields of the dispatching information of the bus and the member identification of the agent in the O-C-T-2 into a bus dispatching information item of a driving and taking source, and storing the bus dispatching information item in the CD;

operating prototype O-D-1: a bus station dispatcher issuing a dispatching instruction is to issue dispatching information in the dispatching instruction at that time; performing two steps of O1 → O2 to the swap-out operation O in fig. 1, wherein the argument agent is a bus yard dispatcher, and the argument info includes bus dispatching information in a dispatching instruction issued by the dispatcher; correspondingly, the public transportation information for swapping out, T, which is known at that time in step O1 includes: (O-D-T-1) the agent issues the bus dispatching information in the dispatching instruction at that time; correspondingly, in the step O2, the storing of the public transportation information for changing out, which is already known by the public transportation participant at that time, S includes: (O-D-S-1) sorting each line, direction, station, unique identification of departure vehicle and other information in the scheduling information in O-D-T-1 into a bus scheduling information item of a dispatcher source, summarizing the scheduling information items of different lines, directions, stations and unique identifications of departure vehicles in the scheduling information to obtain a group of scheduling information items sent by the dispatcher at this time, and storing the scheduling information items in the DD;

in addition, for the time information related in the operation prototype of the swap-in operation O, including information contents such as arrival planned arrival time, actual arrival time, and departure time, the general networking device replaces automatic filling with the current time, and the bus participants can modify the preset time values;

in addition, in the swap-out information T of the bus information swap-out operation prototype, the readings of the information such as the time of arriving at the bus station, the time of planned departure, the actual time of arriving at the bus and the like are all from different universal networking equipment; the absolute form of the time variables can be changed into a relative form taking the time of sending corresponding exchange requests or feedback information from the general networking equipment as a reference, namely, the time information is required to be collected and sent in the forms of planning how long the time is before arriving at a station (the time is 0 when the station is waiting for a vehicle), the time length from the station entering time to the exchange request sending time (the time length is 0 when the station is parked), the time length from the exchange request sending time to the exchange request sending time (the time length is 0 when the vehicle is sent instantly), the time length from the actual vehicle-on time to the actual vehicle-on information sending time (the time length is 0 when the vehicle is getting on or just getting on), and the like; after the bus information asynchronous exchange center receives the relevant information, the corresponding absolute time such as scheduled arrival time, planned departure time, actual arrival time and the like is recalculated on the basis of the receiving time and stored in the corresponding information set; in the query result of the query operation Q for exchanging the bus information into the operation prototype, the corresponding absolute time such as the scheduled arrival time, the planned departure time, the actual vehicle arrival time and the like is converted into the relative time based on the current time, and the relative time is returned to the general networking equipment; the time information sent and received by the general networking equipment is relative time, so that the problem of time inconsistency of different general networking equipment is completely solved; for the public transport participants, the relative time is easier to remember and input than the absolute time;

in addition, for a bus participant, if a new query request a and a corresponding query operation Q are provided for the swap-in operation I, or a new swap-out information T and a corresponding storage operation S are provided for the swap-out operation O, a new operation prototype of a related basic operation may be generated, for example, a new operation prototype of a swap-in operation may be generated based on almost any feasible query request and corresponding query operation on the bus information set; the above operation prototype does not exhaust all operation prototypes, and the corresponding protection scope of the claims is not limited to the listed operation prototypes, and the corresponding protection scope of the claims includes a bus information asynchronous exchange process formed by combining a bus information swap-out operation and a swap-in operation in a certain manner to complete the query and collection tasks of the bus information, and the listed operation prototypes are only specific examples of swap-in operations or swap-out operations for explaining the preferred embodiment.

FIG. 3 shows 9 bus information asynchronous exchange example processes involved in a first embodiment of a bus information query method and a collection method; describing the example process in detail, only the relevant operation and the applicable combination mode in I, O, I { [ u ] O in fig. 1 and 2 included in each example need to be described, the starting time of each phase operation in the combination is instantiated, and the relevant argument of the corresponding operation prototype is updated to the corresponding information of the example; the following example procedures, each omitting the trivial element common in common flow charts: "begin", "end"; the bus information asynchronous exchange process of each example in fig. 3 is illustrated as follows:

31, a public transportation information asynchronous exchange center, which is a remote third-party facility and is used for intermediately acting other public transportation participants; the bus participants in the example of fig. 3 exchange information with the bus information asynchronous exchange centers of other bus participants in the intervening agents, and the tasks of the intervening agents comprise storing the bus information for swapping out of other participants who previously participated in the exchange, selecting the relevant persons for responding to the inquiry request of the bus participants in the example, which is equivalent to the task of step I2 of the swapping out operation in fig. 1, and storing the bus information for swapping out of the bus participants in the example for responding to the inquiry bus inquiry of the subsequent bus participants, which is equivalent to the task of step O2 of the swapping in operation in fig. 1; in the exchange process of the public transportation participants of each example in the embodiment, the operations related to the steps I2 or O2 are all completed by the public transportation information asynchronous exchange center, and the specific description has been given on the parts of the operation prototype;

considering that only static planned riding information exists among passengers participating in exchange before one waiting, the riding time is uncertain, the determined arrival time of the passengers at the boarding station is determined according to the running information, the scheduling information and the waiting information of the passengers at the upstream, which are in accordance with the static planned riding information, and then the latest planned riding information is issued; for the passenger, a process I → O that is formed by combining the swap-in operation I and the swap-out operation O of the bus information in a serial manner is applied, specifically including (I1 → I2 → I3) → (O1 → O2), the argument agent in the bus information swap-in operation I and the swap-out operation O involved in the whole process is the passenger in the present example, in a first stage (I1 → I2 → I3), the argument info includes static planned riding information of the passenger in the present stage, a planned arrival time replaced by the current time, and the bus information swap-in operation I includes instantiations of operation prototypes I-P-1 to I-P-3 on the present example agent and info: the query request in I1 of the present example includes, based on the agent in the present example and the query requests I-P- ｃA-1 to I-P- ｃA-3 of the three operation prototypes on the first-stage info, the query operation in I2 includes, based on the agent in the present example and the query operations I-P-Q-1 to I-P-Q-3 of the three operation prototypes on the first-stage info, I3, the general-purpose networking device manipulated by the agent in the present example receives and displays the query result of I2; after the passenger determines the arrival time at the boarding station, a second-stage bus information swap-out operation O (O1 → O2) is started, the argument info comprises the latest determined planned taking information, and the present stage O1 → O2 comprises the instantiation of the operation prototype O-P-1 on the present example agent and the second-stage info: the swap-out information in O1 of this example includes swap-out information O-P-T-1 based on agent in this example and O-P-1 on info of the second stage, and the store operation in O2 includes store operation O-P-Q-1 based on agent in this example and O-P-1 on info; in the second stage, the bus information asynchronous exchange center collects new passenger waiting information; in the following description of examples, this meaning of "instantiation" of a plurality of operation prototypes including operations of the same class is not specifically explained;

considering a dispatcher who dispatches before inquiring, wants to issue dispatching information, and then wants to inquire the running conditions of buses in the line and direction of the next dispatched bus; for the dispatcher, a series connection mode combination of O → I is applicable, specifically comprising (O1 → O2) → (I1 → I2 → I3), the argument agent of the bus information swap-out operation O and swap-in operation I involved in the whole process is the dispatcher in the present example, in the first stage (O1 → O2), the argument info comprises the dispatching information in the dispatching instruction in the present example, the stage O1 → O2 comprises instantiation of an operation prototype O-D-1 on the agent in the present example and the argument info in the present stage, and in the present stage, the bus information asynchronous exchange center collects new bus dispatching information; after the dispatcher issues the dispatching information, when wanting to inquire the waiting information and the running information of the buses in the route and the direction of the next dispatched bus, starting a second stage (I1 → I2 → I3), wherein the argument info comprises the bus route and the direction concerned by the dispatcher in the example, the stage I1 → I2 → I3 comprises instantiations of operation prototypes I-D-1 and I-D-2 on the agent in the example and the argument info in the stage, and the dispatcher inquires the bus information;

34, considering a passenger who participates in exchange when waiting, the passenger wants to release own planned riding information and knows the running information and the dispatching information of the bus which are suitable for the planned riding information; for this passenger, a parallel combination module I ≧ O is used, as shown in fig. 2, the process includes → 2 → 3, the swap-in operation I and the transpose agent swapped out O involved in the overall process being the passenger in this example, the transpose info includes planned riding information of the passenger in this example, and correspondingly, → 2 → 3 includes instantiations of the operation prototypes I-P-1, I-P-2, O-P-1 on this example agent and info: in U1 of this example, query request A of I1 includes query requests I-P-A-1 and I-P-A-2 based on operation prototypes I-P-1 and I-P-2 on the mutagen agent and info of this example, the swap-out information T of O1 includes swap-out information O-P-T-1 based on the argument agent of this example and the operation prototype O-P-1 on info, the query operation Q of I2 in U2 includes query requests I-P-Q-1 and I-P-Q-1 based on the argument agent of this example and the operation prototypes I-P-1 and I-P-2 on info, and the store operation S of O2 includes store operation O-P-S-1 based on the argument agent of this example and O-P-1 on info; in I3, the passenger-operated general-purpose networked device of the example receives and displays the query result of I2;

35, considering a driver and passenger who take part in exchange in the state of waiting for bus departure, and who receives and issues a scheduling instruction, and wants to know the departure route and the passenger waiting information in the departure direction of the bus; for this division, a parallel combination module I ═ O is applied, as shown in fig. 2, specifically including → 1 → 2 → 3; the argument agent of the swap-in operation I and the swap-out operation O involved in the whole process is the driver and the passenger in the present example, the argument info includes the scheduling information of the present public transportation vehicle, correspondingly, u 1 → 2 → 3 includes instantiations of the operation prototypes I-C-1 and O-C-2 on the agent and info of the present example: in U1 of this example, query request A of I1 includes swap-out information T of query operations I-C-A-1, O1 based on agent and operation prototype I-C-1 on info of this example includes swap-out information O-C-T-2 based on operation prototype O-C-2 on agent and info of this example; in U.S. 2, the query operation Q of I2 includes swap-out information T of the query operations I-C-Q-1 and O2 based on the operation prototype I-C-1 on agent and info in the present example, and includes a store operation O-C-S-2 based on the operation prototype O-C-2 on agent and info in the present example; in I3, the passenger-operated general-purpose networked device of the example receives and displays the query result of I2; in the following description of examples, this meaning of "instantiation" of a plurality of operation prototypes including swap-out and swap-in operations is not specifically explained;

36, considering a passenger who waits and gets on the bus and participates in the exchange, the passenger wants to release own planned riding information, and wants to know the running information and the scheduling information of the upstream bus which are suitable for the planned riding information, and then, when the passenger gets on the bus, the passenger also feeds back the actual riding information to the bus information asynchronous exchange center; for the passenger, the applicable combination (I ═ O) → O, formed by combining one parallel combination module I ═ O and one said ex-change operation O in a series manner, and the specific process includes ([ u ] 1 → 2 → 3) → (O1 → O2); the argument agent of I and O involved in the whole process is the passenger in this example, correspondingly, the first phase (tom1 → 2 → 3) is started when the passenger starts waiting, the argument info includes planned riding information of the passenger in this example, and this phase (laut O) includes instantiation of operation prototypes I-P-1, I-P-2, O-P-1 on this example agent and this phase info; starting a second phase (O1 → O2) when said passenger gets on the bus, the argument info comprising the actual in-vehicle information of the passenger in this example, the present phase O1 → O2 comprising an instantiation of the operation prototype O-P-2 on the present example agent and the present phase info;

37, considering a driver and a passenger who participate in exchange in the running state, the driver and the passenger control the bus to stop at the station each time, and want to release the running information of the bus and know the waiting information of the downstream passengers planning to wait at each rest station of the bus; for this division, the applicable combination (iou) → … (iou), the specific process including (tom1 → 2 → 3) → … → (tom1 → 2 → 3), which are several tandem cycles to the parallel-connected combined module iou; the values of the argument agents of I and O involved in the whole process are both the drivers and conductors in the present example, when the drivers and conductors start to operate the present public transportation vehicle, a first phase ([ u ] 1 → [ u ] 2 → [ u ] 3) is initiated, the argument info includes the current operation information of the present public transportation vehicle in the present example, and the present phase ([ u ] 1 → [ u ] 2 → [ u ] 3) includes the instantiation of the operation prototype I-C-3, O-C-1 on the present example agent and the present phase info; when the department stops at the next station, starting a second phase, wherein the argument info comprises the current operation information of the local bus taking the next station as the stop in the example, and the phase ([ u 1 → [ u 2 → [ u 3 ]) comprises the instantiation of the operation prototype on the example agent and the phase info; repeating the process every time the bus stops at one station until the bus arrives at the terminal station; at each stage, the driver and the passenger inquire bus information, and the bus information asynchronous exchange center collects the running information of the bus;

considering a passenger who continuously refreshes the inquiry request when waiting for a bus, wherein the passenger wants to issue own planned bus taking information, wants to know running information and scheduling information of an upstream bus suitable for the planned bus taking information, and when the waiting time is too long or the information amount in the inquiry return result is too small, the passenger irregularly refreshes the original inquiry request in the waiting process; for the passenger, the applicable combination (I ═ O) → I → … → I, the process specifically includes ({ u.1 → ∑ 2 → 3) → (I1 → I2 → I3) → … → (I1 → I2 → I3), which is a series of one parallel combination module I → O in fig. 2, and several series cycles of the exchange into operation I in fig. 1; the whole process involves the metagenic agents of I and O which are both the passengers in the present example, correspondingly, when the passengers start waiting for the vehicle, the first phase ([ u ] 1 → [ u ] 2 → [ u ] 3) is started, the metagenic agents include the planned riding information of the passengers in the present example, and the present phase → [ u ] 1 → [ u ] 2 → [ u ] 3 includes the instantiation of the operation prototypes I-P-1, I-P-2 and O-P-1 in the present example and the present phase info; when the agent of the example is about to refresh the inquiry request of the first stage for the first time, the second stage is started (I1 → I2 → I3), the argument info includes the planned riding information of the passenger in the first stage in the example, and the stage I1 → I2 → I3 includes instantiations of the operation prototypes I-P-1 and I-P-2 on the agent and info of the example (the same as the instantiation result of the first stage); later, whenever the passenger in this example wants to refresh the original query, the exchange process of the second stage is repeated;

considering a dispatcher who inquires before dispatching, the dispatcher continuously inquires passenger waiting information and bus running information on the concerned bus lines and directions until a dispatching instruction can be decided and issued; for the dispatcher, the combination I → I → … → O is applicable, the process comprises (I1 → I2 → I3) → (I1 → I2 → I3) → … → (O1 → O2), one public transportation information switching-in operation I is connected in series for a plurality of times, and finally one switching-out operation O is connected in series; the agents of the exchange operations I and O involved in the whole process are the dispatchers in this example, and when the dispatchers start to query the running conditions of the lines and directions of interest, the first phase (I1 → I2 → I3) is initiated, the argument info comprising the bus line and direction to be queried by the dispatchers in this example, the phase I1 → I2 → I3 comprising the instantiations of the operation prototypes I-D-1 and I-D-2 on this example agent and this phase info; when the dispatcher refreshes the query request of the first stage in the example, the operation of the second stage is started, and the operation of the first stage is completely repeated in the operation of the second stage; repeating the operation of the second stage every time the query request is refreshed; when the dispatcher considers that the inquired dispatching command in the line and direction can be issued in the example, a last stage (O1 → O2) is started, the argument info comprises dispatching information contained in the dispatching command issued by the dispatcher in the example, and the stage O1 → O2 comprises instantiation of the operation prototype O-D-1 on the agent in the example and the info in the example;

310, considering a passenger waiting for a bus, getting on the bus and taking a bus for exchange, wherein the passenger wants to release own planned taking information, the planned taking information also comprises a planned getting off station, and meanwhile, the passenger wants to know running information and scheduling information of an upstream bus suitable for the planned taking information, and then feeds back actual taking information to a bus information asynchronous exchange center when taking the bus, and the passenger feeds back the actual taking information to the bus information asynchronous exchange center once when stopping one station until the passenger plans to get off the station; for the passenger, the applicable combination (I ═ O) → O → … → O, is formed by a series combination of a parallel combination module I ═ O and a series cycle of the swap-out operation O; the specific process comprises ([ u ] 1 → 2 → 3 → (O1 → 2), the values of the allogenic agents of the swap-in operation I and the swap-out operation O involved in the entire process are both the passengers in the present example, and correspondingly, the passengers start the first phase (→ 2 → 3) when waiting for the first bus, the allogenic info includes the planned taking information of the passengers in the present example, the phase (→ 2 → 3) includes operation prototypes I-P-1, I-P-2, O-P-1 in the agent of the present example and the present phase info, and the passengers inquire the bus information; the second phase (O1 → O2) is initiated when the passenger gets on the bus, the argument info comprising the actual in-vehicle information of the passenger in this example, the present phase O1 → O2 comprising the instantiation of the operating prototype O-P-2 on the agent of this example and the present phase info; when the bus stops for the first time after the passenger gets on the bus, a third stage (O1 → O2) is started, wherein the argument info comprises the actual riding information of the passenger in the example, and the stage O1 → O2 comprises the instantiation of the operation prototype O-P-3 on the agent in the example and the stage info; before the passenger gets off, the bus on which the passenger rides stops at the station each time, the argument info includes the current actual riding information of the passenger in the example, and the stage O1 → O2 includes the instantiation of the operation prototype O-P-3 on the agent and the current stage info of the example; the bus information asynchronous exchange center collects the planned riding information in the second stage, and successively collects the actual riding information and the actual riding information from the third stage.

In addition, in the asynchronous exchange process of the examples 32-37, 310 of this embodiment, like the examples 38, 39, a cycle of the bus information exchange operation I itself in series can be added at some necessary links to satisfy the requirement that the relevant bus participants refresh their previously issued bus information inquiry requests.

In addition, in order to reduce the interaction burden of the public transportation participants and reduce the workload and complexity of the interaction operation, the embodiment of the invention can provide a pre-designed interaction interface for the steps I1, I3, O1, u 1 and u 3 in the cited fig. 1 and 2 by the universal networking device; the bus driver and passenger are taken as an example to explain the function of the interactive interface; the interactive interface provided for the driver and the passenger comprises a first display screen and a second display screen; the first display screen may simultaneously display, in fig. 3, the step { [ u ] 1 { [ u ] 3 of the applicable parallel combination module { [ u ] O in example 35, and the step { [ u ] 1 } or { [ u ] 3 in each phase of the applicable combination (I { [ u ] O) } { [ u ] O) → [ … } → { [ I ] O { [ u ] O }; on the first display screen, station rows and station times of the bus running line in one direction can be displayed in a page-by-page mode at one time, and a sub-display area is allocated to each station on the current page; the first display screen further comprises a query button, a direction button, an unlocking button and a scheduling information sending button; pressing the direction button each time, the first display screen alternately displays the station rows and the station times of the next running direction of the line, and the next running direction of the last running direction is the first running direction; pressing a scheduling information sending button can pop up a form window related to the current direction of the bus, wherein the form comprises a combined mode of I U O instantiated step U1 (the step is formed by combining O1 and I1), information O-C-T-2 of exchange belonging to O1, query requests I-C-A-1 and I-C-A-2 belonging to I1, the driver and the driver are completed and the form is sent, then, the process returns to the first display screen, at the moment, the scheduling information sending button is automatically hidden (reappeared when a new operation direction is switched), and a bus information exchange mode in an operation state is entered (a process of displaying a combination (I U O) → … → (I:); corresponding to the step I3 in FIG. 1, the general networking equipment receives the information returned from the bus information asynchronous exchange center, and the related inquiry result is automatically distributed to the display area distributed by the first display screen for each station; in a bus information exchange mode in an operation state, a driver and a passenger take the bus in one operation direction, and an initial state of first sending information inquiry is that the inquiry button is placed at the first station in the currently selected operation direction; if the unlocking button on the first display screen is pressed, the first display screen is provided with a query button on each station except the queried station in the current direction of the line; when the bus in which the driver and the passenger operate stops at each station, the driver and the passenger press an inquiry button on the stop in the first display screen to transfer to the second display screen;

the second display screen displays a form related to a station at which the station selected by the first display screen is a stop, the form including swap-out information O-C-T-1 of an operation prototype O-C-1, query requests I-C-a-3 and I-C-a-4 of operations prototypes I ═ O) → … → (I → u → O) in a current-phase step { [ 1 ] of the combined manner; the bus participants finish the input, selection, confirmation and sending of the inquiry request form through the second display screen and then return to the first display screen; when receiving a query result, automatically distributing the related query result to a sub-display area of a related station, automatically placing the query button at the next station of the currently queried station, and only reserving a nearest queried station and the rest stations which are not queried on the first display screen;

the designed interactive interface can ensure that most operations of the bus information asynchronous exchange are automatically completed by the universal networking equipment and the bus information asynchronous exchange center, and the bus information or the information elements in the inquiry request, which are frequently changed for the bus, only need to be actively intervened and input by the bus, so that the burden and the complexity of the inquiry operation of the bus participants are effectively reduced, and the asynchronous exchange efficiency is improved; even, with the help of the universal networking device providing a suitable interactive interface, the bus participants can even freely select among different instances of the same type of bus participants, such as the above interface integrating the 2

exchange instances

35, 37 in the present embodiment; the mobile phone on the popular android-based system and ios-based system completely supports the realization of the interactive interface.

In addition, the diversity of the combination of operations I, O, I @ O in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the complexity of real-world public transportation activities are noted, fig. 3 does not exhaust all possible combinations, nor all traffic activity scenarios, but selects a corresponding combination mode to optimize some common bus activity scenes for the main bus participant types, explains the corresponding bus information asynchronous exchange process, the preferred embodiment is sufficient for achieving the object of the present invention, but it is not meant to limit the scope of the claimed invention to the combination of the switching operations applicable to the example illustrated in fig. 3, and the scope of the claimed invention includes that the bus information asynchronous switching process is formed by combining the switching-out operation and the switching-in operation of the bus information in any way, and the bus information query task and the bus information collection task are completed;

FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of a bus participant autonomous control participated bus information asynchronous exchange process; in this embodiment, the bus participants autonomously select appropriate switching operations from the swapping-out operation I, the swapping-in operation O and the parallel combination module I $ O of the bus information in fig. 1 according to the participating bus activities, the known bus information and the demand for the bus information; the steps of the bus participants participating in the bus information exchange comprise:

the method comprises the following steps that 41, preparation is made for bus information asynchronous exchange in the starting stage, and the method comprises the steps that a bus participant opens a universal networking device controlled by the bus participant, logs in a bus information asynchronous exchange center and establishes connection with the bus information asynchronous exchange center, and identifies and confirms the type and the member identity of the bus participant;

42, the general networking equipment provides three options of an access operation I, an access operation O and a parallel combination module for a bus participant, and the bus participant selects one of the three options according to the requirement of the bus participant;

43, for the operation I, O or u selected in 42, executing the corresponding operation process according to the corresponding process in fig. 1, and recording the operation;

44, after finishing the operation of 43, the bus participants decide whether to continue; when the bus information asynchronous exchange process is determined to be ended, turning to 42, and when the bus information asynchronous exchange process is determined to be ended, turning to 45;

45, the universal networking equipment judges whether the bus information asynchronous exchange process of the current round is complete or not according to the bus information asynchronous operation record stored in the 43, the complete asynchronous exchange process at least executes a swap-in operation I and a swap-out operation O (a parallel combination module comprises the swap-in operation and the swap-out operation and belongs to the complete asynchronous exchange process), if so, the universal networking equipment turns to 48, and if not, the universal networking equipment turns to 46;

46, the general networking equipment reminds the public transport participants that the asynchronous exchange process of the current round lacks certain swap-out operation or swap-in operation found in 45;

47, the bus participants decide whether to prepare for executing the swap-out operation or the swap-in operation prompted in 46, if so, go to 42, and if not, go to 48; certain limits can be given to the bus participants who participate in the incomplete bus information asynchronous exchange for a long time, for example, the number of times of connection allowed in a certain time does not exceed an upper limit;

48, ending the asynchronous exchange process of the bus information in the current round;

in addition, in step 43 of the embodiment of the present invention, the operation prototype of the bus information swap-in operation and swap-out operation defined in the first embodiment may be adopted to provide more specific options for the bus participants; the method comprises the following specific steps:

431, the general networking equipment assigns the stored member identification information to the mutagen agent as the information content of all the agents of the operation prototype in the following step;

432, according to the stored static data, the general networking equipment guides the public transportation participant to provide the information content of the argument info; if the bus participant is a passenger, the general networking equipment provides three options for determining the information content of the argument info to the bus participant: plan ride information, actual ride information, or actual ride information, and if one ride, provides two options for determining info information content: the bus running information and the bus dispatching information provide two options for determining the info information content if the bus station dispatcher: the bus dispatching information, the bus route and the direction concerned by the dispatcher; the general networking equipment further provides a form for helping the bus participants to input related info information contents according to the selection of the bus participants;

433, after the information content of info is obtained by the general networking device, providing options of relevant exchange operation prototype for the public transportation participants: when the argument agent is a passenger and the argument info includes information for planning a ride, 4 options of operation prototypes I-P-1 to I-P-3, O-P-1, etc. are provided; when the argument agent is a passenger and the argument info includes actual vehicle information or actual vehicle information, 1 option such as an operation prototype O-P-1 is provided; when the argument agent is a driver and a passenger and the argument info comprises the running information of the bus, 3 options of operation prototypes I-C-3, I-C-4, O-C-1 and the like are provided; when the argument agent is a driver and a passenger and the argument info comprises bus dispatching information, providing 3 options of operation prototypes I-C-1, I-C-2, O-C-2 and the like; when the argument agent is a bus station dispatcher and the argument info comprises bus dispatching information, 3 options of operation prototypes I-D-1, I-D-2, O-C-1 and the like are provided; when the argument agent is a bus station dispatcher and the argument info comprises a bus line and a direction concerned by the dispatcher, 2 options such as operation prototypes I-D-1 and I-D-2 are provided; in each case, the bus participants may select one or more of them;

434, instantiating the operation prototype selected by the bus participant in 433 on the corresponding argument agent and info: the method comprises the steps that the general networking equipment sends an exchange request, the exchange request comprises an inquiry request A of a selected operation prototype based on information contents of agent and info in the example and/or bus information T used for changing out, the bus information asynchronous exchange center receives the exchange request, the inquiry request A and/or the bus information T used for changing out of the information contents of the agent and info in the example are analyzed out, corresponding inquiry operation Q and/or storage operation S based on the information contents of the agent and info in the example in the selected operation prototype are executed, if the inquiry result exists, the inquiry result is returned to the general networking equipment, and the general networking equipment receives and displays the inquiry result.

The embodiment of the present invention and the first embodiment shown in fig. 3 represent two ideas for designing a bus information asynchronous exchange flow, respectively: the method comprises the following steps that (1) a bus participant autonomous process and a predefined process are provided, and each process has a certain application range; the embodiment gives the bus participants sufficient autonomy for participating in bus information asynchronous exchange, and is suitable for the bus participants who participate in bus activities with irregular rules; note that in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, 42 is always returned to each time an operation is completed, which creates an additional operational burden; in order to effectively utilize the autonomy of the bus information asynchronous exchange operation, the bus participants need to have more patience to the exchange operation, and know the adaptive relationship between the bus activities participated by the bus participants and the basic exchange operation and exchange operation of the bus information, which is relatively easy for some bus participants, such as a bus dispatcher, and is not necessarily suitable for other bus participants;

for the bus participants with relatively fixed programs participating in bus activities, relatively short processes and high regular repeatability, the process of adopting the preset numbers is probably more suitable, for example, for the passengers of office workers, each time the passengers get on a fixed available route at a fixed bus station, the bus information inquiry and the planned bus information release are almost integrated, the original inquiry is refreshed when the passengers get on the bus urgently, the actual bus information is fed back after the passengers get on the bus, and the actual bus information is fed back before a few passengers get off the bus, which are natural processes, so that the passengers cannot intervene in the asynchronous exchange of the bus information too deeply, and the relevant example exchange process of the graph 3 is more suitable for the bus participants.

In the first embodiment of the invention, a predetermined bus information asynchronous exchange process is formed through a process formed by combining operations based on fig. 1 and 2 in a predetermined mode in each example shown in fig. 3; in a second embodiment, according to the steps shown in fig. 4, a bus participant autonomously selects a bus information asynchronous exchange process of an operation sequence; each embodiment achieves the aforementioned object; the existing developed internet, especially a powerful mobile communication network, provides enough infrastructure support for realizing a general connection mode between general networking equipment and a public transportation information asynchronous switching center.

In the third embodiment of the bus information query method, bus participants consisting of passengers and bus drivers and conductors carry out asynchronous exchange of bus information, so that the bus information query and collection functions are realized; FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 respectively show the processes of asynchronous exchange of bus information by passengers and drivers and conductors, which all adopt the parallel combination module shown in FIG. 2; in the embodiment, the passengers want to know the latest information about the passengers who get on the bus at the upstream, get on the bus at each station and wait for the bus, and the passengers who drive the bus want to know the latest information about the running conditions of other buses in the same direction on the same line and the waiting conditions of the passengers at the downstream; the bus information asynchronous exchange center establishes a passenger waiting information set (PW), a bus scheduling information set (CD) of a driver and passenger source and a bus running information set (CR) of the driver and passenger source in advance, and is used for respectively preparing and storing planned riding information sent by passengers, bus scheduling information and running information sent by the driver and passenger of buses, and the data organization mode and the fields contained in each information set are the same as the information set with the same name in the first embodiment;

fig. 5 shows the steps of the passenger participating in the asynchronous exchange of the bus information in the third embodiment of the bus information query method in the invention, which includes:

51, the passenger sends a bus information exchange request to a bus information asynchronous exchange center through a general networking device controlled by the passenger before taking a bus, wherein the exchange request comprises an inquiry request of the passenger and current planned taking information; in the current planned taking information of the passenger, the passenger arrives at the boarding station after planning for a plurality of times, the planned arrival time in the appointed information content is replaced, the default value of the arrival at the boarding station after the planning for the plurality of times is 0, the default value is automatically provided by the general networking equipment controlled by the passenger, and the passenger can modify the information; the inquiry request of the passenger is required to return planned riding information suitable for the passenger, scheduling information of a bus possibly having a riding relationship with the passenger, planned riding information suitable for the passenger, operation information of a bus in transit possibly having a riding relationship with the passenger before reaching a terminal station, and the number of passengers on the upstream waiting to take the bus on the same route;

52, the bus information asynchronous exchange center responds to the bus information exchange request submitted by the passenger, and performs a plurality of operations, which mainly comprises 521-:

521, the bus information asynchronous switching center receives the bus information exchange request from the general networking equipment controlled by the passenger, analyzes the contents of the inquiry request and the planned riding information of the passenger, and calculates the time when the passenger is planned to arrive at the boarding station by using the analyzed data of how long the passenger arrives at the boarding station with the receiving time of the exchange request as a reference;

522, inquiring related public transportation information on the related information set according to the inquiry request analyzed out in 521, and returning a corresponding inquiry result to the passenger-operated general networking equipment;

the inquiring of the related public transportation information on the related information set comprises the following steps: for each planned riding route and direction of the passenger, the following queries are implemented on the CD, CR and PW: searching for an information item which has the same route as the planned taking route of the passenger and is latest at the planned taking time of different buses from the CD, selecting an information item which has the same direction as the planned taking direction of the passenger from the searched information items, returning the information item which has the later planned taking time from the selected information item, wherein the returned number is not more than one half of the station number (or plus 1) of the planned getting-on station of the passenger; searching for an operation information item which has the same route as the planned riding route of the passenger and the latest arrival time of different buses from the CR, selecting an information item which has the same direction as the planned riding direction of the passenger and the station number not more than the planned arrival time of the passenger from the found information items, removing the operation information item which has the same station as the planned arrival time of the passenger and the arrival time earlier than the planned arrival time of the passenger from the selected information items, and returning the rest information items; searching from the PW, wherein the included waiting state is in waiting, the included route and direction are respectively consistent with the planned riding route and direction of the passenger, the included number of waiting information items of the planned boarding station number is not more than the number of waiting information items of the planned boarding station number of the passenger, and the number of the found information items is returned; finally, when no information is returned, returning a message about the temporary absence of the bus information meeting the requirements;

523, sorting and storing the contents of the planned riding information of the passenger analyzed in 521: combining each planned riding line, planned riding direction, planned arrival time at a boarding station and other related information in the analyzed planned riding information together with the waiting state set in waiting and the receiving time information of the exchange request into a waiting information item, summarizing the waiting information items of different lines to obtain a group of waiting information items of the passenger, and storing the waiting information items in the PW;

53, the passenger-operated general networking equipment receives and displays the result returned from the bus information asynchronous switching center;

fig. 6 shows a process of participating in asynchronous exchange of bus information when a bus driver and a passenger receive a scheduling instruction in a third embodiment of the bus information query method in the present invention, which includes:

the bus information exchange request is sent to the bus information asynchronous exchange center by the bus driver and the bus passenger through the general networking equipment controlled by the bus driver and the bus passenger, the exchange request comprises an inquiry request of the bus driver and the bus passenger in a state of waiting for bus dispatching and scheduling information of the bus, and the inquiry request is returned, and the bus driver and the bus passenger are suitable for the planned bus taking information requirement of the bus driver and the bus passenger waiting information which is possibly in a riding relationship with the bus passenger before the bus driver and the bus passenger arrive at a terminal after the bus driver and the bus passenger arrive at the terminal; in the dispatching information of the bus, the remaining time length of the time of planned departure is used for replacing the time of planned departure of appointed information content, the default value of the time length is 0, the time length is automatically provided by the general networking equipment, and the driver and the crew can modify the time length;

62, the bus information asynchronous switching center responds to the switching request submitted by the driver and the passenger of the bus to perform a plurality of operations, including 621:

621, the bus information asynchronous switching center receives a bus information exchange request from a general networking device controlled by the bus driver and the passenger, analyzes the inquiry request of the driver and the passenger in the state of waiting for departure and the content of the bus scheduling information, and calculates the time of planned departure of the bus by using the analyzed data of the remaining time from the time of planned departure as a reference according to the receiving time of the exchange request;

622, inquiring related public transportation information on a related information set according to the inquiry request of the driver and the passenger in the waiting state analyzed in 621, and returning a corresponding inquiry result to the general networking equipment for controlling the driver and the passenger of the public transportation vehicle;

the inquiring of the related public transportation information on the related information set comprises the following steps: searching from the PW, wherein the included waiting state is a waiting information item in waiting, and the included route and direction are respectively consistent with the dispatching route and the dispatching direction of the bus, removing the included station as a head station and the included item which is scheduled to arrive at the upper station and is later than the planned departure time from the found information item, and returning the rest passenger waiting information item;

623, sorting and storing the scheduling information analyzed in 621: combining 621-analyzed dispatching information of the bus with the receiving time information into a bus dispatching information item, and storing the bus dispatching information item in the CD;

63, the general networking equipment for the bus driver and passenger control receives and displays the information returned from the bus information asynchronous exchange center, and ends the bus information inquiry of the current round;

fig. 7 shows a process in which a bus driver starts to operate the bus and participates in asynchronous exchange of bus information every stop in the third embodiment of the bus information query method in the present invention, including:

71, the bus driver and the passenger send bus information exchange requests to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through the general networking equipment controlled by the bus driver and the passenger, wherein the exchange requests comprise inquiry requests of the driver and the passenger in the running state and running information of the bus, the inquiry requests comprise request return, waiting information which is about that the bus is suitable for the planned bus information requirements of the bus driver and the passenger is likely to establish a riding relationship with the bus before the bus arrives at a terminal station, and running information about other buses on the same line and in the same direction as the bus; the running information of the bus comprises running information of the bus when the bus stops or stops at the station for the last time, wherein the time length from the station entering time to the current time replaces the station entering time in the appointed information, the default value of the time length is 0, the time length is automatically provided by the general networking equipment, and the driver and the passenger can modify the running information;

72, the bus information asynchronous exchange center responds to the exchange request submitted by the bus driver and the bus conductor, and performs a plurality of operations, including 721 and 723:

721, the bus information asynchronous exchange center receives the exchange request from the general networking equipment operated by the bus driver, analyzes the inquiry request of the driver in the running state and the running information of the bus from the exchange request, and calculates the arrival time of the bus by using the time length from the arrival time to the current time contained in the analyzed running information based on the receiving time of the inquiry request of the driver;

722, inquiring related public transportation information on the related information set according to the inquiry request in the running state analyzed out in 721, and returning a corresponding inquiry result to the general networking equipment for controlling the bus driver and the bus conductor;

the inquiring of the related public transportation information on the related information set comprises the following steps: searching and returning from the PW, wherein the contained waiting state is a passenger waiting information item in the waiting state, the contained route and direction are respectively consistent with the running route and running direction of the bus, and the contained station number is greater than the station number of the bus stopping the bus; searching from the CR, returning an operation information item which contains the same route as the route of the bus and the latest arrival time of different buses from the found information item and has the same direction as the operation direction of the bus; the last returned information item on each information set forms a final query result; finally, when no information item is returned, returning a message about the temporary absence of the bus information meeting the requirements;

723, sorting and storing the content of the operation information analyzed out in 721, and updating the stored waiting information items in the PW: according to the content analyzed in 721, the unique identification, the running route, the running direction, the stop and station number, the arrival time and the riding condition (optional) of the bus are combined into a bus running information item together with the received time information, the bus running information item is stored in the CR, meanwhile, the bus waiting state is found in the PW, the route, the direction and the planned arrival time of the bus are the same as the route, the direction and the station contained in the new running information item, the contained arrival time of the bus is not later than the arrival time contained in the new running information item, the waiting state of the passengers related to the found waiting information item is updated to the arrival state of all the waiting information items (including the waiting information items of the passengers related to other routes) in the waiting state (or, more accurately, the waiting state of the waiting information items of the passengers on the line can be updated to be on-board, the waiting state of the waiting information items on other lines can be updated to be on-board, and the waiting state of the waiting information items on other lines can be updated to be on-board without the inquiry of the passengers in waiting;

73, the general networking equipment for the bus driver and passenger control receives and displays the information returned from the bus information asynchronous exchange center, and ends the bus information inquiry of the current round;

in addition, 723, the updating conditions of the waiting state of the passenger waiting information entry in the PW embody the 'riding relationship that can be realized at that time with the bus', and compared with the method for directly updating the passenger waiting information entry in the first embodiment, all the bus running information is checked every time the waiting state is queried as the waiting information entry in the waiting state, so that many unnecessary repeated querying operations are reduced.

In addition, in this embodiment, the interactive interface of the bus driver and the bus conductor in the first embodiment of the present invention is adopted to help complete the exchange operation related to the completion of the driver and the bus conductor in fig. 6 and 7, the operation actions of the driver and the bus conductor in 61 and 63 in fig. 6 can be completed through the first display screen and the scheduling information sending button, the driver and the bus conductor stop at one station, and the operation actions in 71 and 73 in fig. 7 can be completed through the first and second display screens in the bus information exchange mode in the running state.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the bus information asynchronous exchange process of the bus information asynchronous exchange center between the passenger and the bus driver and the passenger makes the bus information inquiry service free from configuring a special bus information source device, and has openness and diversified service information; for the position information asynchronously exchanged between the passenger and the driver and the crew, the information exchange of "the query of one party is the answer of the query of the other party" is dual; the bus information inquiry technical scheme characterized by containing bus information asynchronous dual exchange has the highest bus information inquiry efficiency, so that the bus information inquiry service occupies the least resources.

The bus participants of the fourth embodiment of the bus information inquiry method and the bus information collection method only have one type of passengers, and the bus information inquiry and collection functions are realized through the bus information asynchronous exchange among the passengers; the bus information asynchronous exchange center establishes a passenger waiting information set (PW), a passenger source non-identification bus running information set (NPR) and a passenger source identification bus running information set (IPR), the 3 information sets are used for respectively preparing and storing planned riding information, non-identification bus running information and identification bus running information sent by passengers, and the data organization mode and the contained fields in each information set are the same as the information sets with the same name in the first embodiment; in this embodiment, the passenger wants to know the incoming state of each station upstream; fig. 8 shows the steps of the passenger participating in the asynchronous exchange of the public transportation information according to the fourth embodiment of the public transportation information inquiry method in the invention, which comprises the following steps:

81, a passenger sends a bus information exchange request to a bus information asynchronous exchange center through a general networking device controlled by the passenger, wherein the bus information exchange request comprises an inquiry request of the passenger and planned riding information of the passenger at the time;

in the current planned taking information of the passenger, the passenger can arrive at the getting-on station after planning for a plurality of long times to replace the planned arrival time in the appointed information content, the default value of the planned time length is 0, the planned time length is automatically provided by the general networking equipment controlled by the passenger, and the passenger can modify the planned taking information; the inquiry request of the passenger comprises the operation information of the in-transit bus which is required to return the planned taking information suitable for the passenger and is possible to establish the taking relationship with the passenger before reaching the terminal station;

82, the bus information asynchronous switching center responds to the bus information switching request submitted by the passenger, and performs a plurality of operations, which mainly comprise 821 and 823:

821, the bus information asynchronous exchange center receives the exchange request from the general networking equipment controlled by the passenger, extracts the content of the inquiry request and the planned riding information of the passenger from the exchange request, and calculates the time when the passenger is planned to arrive at the boarding station by using the extracted data of the time when the passenger arrives at the boarding station with the receiving time of the inquiry request of the passenger as a reference;

822, inquiring related bus information on the related information set according to the passenger inquiry request received in 821, and returning a corresponding inquiry result to the general networking equipment controlled by the passenger;

the inquiring of the related public transportation information on the related information set comprises the following steps: for each planned riding route and direction of the passenger, the following queries are implemented on the IPR and the NPR: searching for an operation information item which has the same route as the planned riding route of the passenger and the latest actual boarding time of different buses from the IPR, selecting an information item which has the same direction as the planned riding direction of the passenger and the station number not more than the planned boarding station number of the passenger from the found information items, removing the information item which has the same station as the planned boarding station of the passenger and the actual boarding time earlier than the planned arrival boarding time of the passenger from the selected information items, and returning the rest information items; finding out information items from NPR, wherein the included route and direction are respectively consistent with the planned riding route and direction of the passenger, the included station number is not more than the information items of the planned boarding station number of the passenger, selecting operation information items with different routes, directions and the latest station entering time from the found information items, calculating a freshness index for each selected information item, returning operation information items with larger freshness indexes from the selected information items, and the returned number is not more than one half of the planned boarding station number (or plus 1) of the passenger; the last returned information item of each information set for executing the query forms a query result of the passenger query request; if no bus information is returned from the NPR and the IPR, returning the bus information which temporarily does not meet the requirements;

823, sorting and storing the contents of the planned riding information analyzed and calculated in 821: from the analyzed and calculated information, combining each planned riding line, planned riding direction, planned arrival time at a boarding station and related information together with the waiting state set in waiting and the receiving time information of the exchange request into a waiting information item, summarizing the waiting information items of different planned riding lines and directions to obtain a group of waiting information items of the passenger, and storing the waiting information items in the PW;

83, the passenger operated general networking equipment receives and displays the result returned from the bus information asynchronous exchange center;

84, when the passenger gets on the bus, the actual vehicle-on information is fed back to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through the controlled general networking equipment, the time length from the vehicle-on time to the query request sending time is used for replacing the actual vehicle-on time in the appointed information content, the default value of the time length is 0, the time length is automatically provided by the general networking equipment, and the passenger can modify the time length;

85, the bus information asynchronous exchange center receives, arranges and stores the actual vehicle information fed back by the passengers, and updates the information items in the relevant information sets: the bus information asynchronous exchange center receives actual vehicle-mounted information fed back by the passenger, and calculates the actual vehicle-mounted time of the passenger by using the time length data from the vehicle-mounted time to the query request sending time in the actual vehicle-mounted information as a reference; if the actual vehicle information does not contain the unique identification of the bus, combining the actual vehicle line, the actual vehicle direction, the actual vehicle station, the actual vehicle time and the current riding condition (optional) with the received time information into a bus running information item, and storing the bus running information item into the NPR; if the actual bus information contains the unique identification of the bus, combining the actual bus route, the actual bus direction, the actual bus station, the unique identification of the bus, the actual bus time and the current bus taking condition (optional) with the received time information into a bus running information item, and storing the bus running information item into the IPR; finding out a waiting state in the PW, wherein the waiting state is in waiting, the included route, direction and planned getting-on station are the same as the route, direction and station included in the information item newly stored in the NPR or IPR, the included time of the planned arrival at the getting-on station is not later than the waiting information item at the actual getting-on time included in the information item newly stored in the NPR or IPR, and updating the waiting state of all waiting information items (including the waiting information items of other routes of the passengers) of which the waiting states related to the found waiting information items are waiting as the waiting state into the on-bus;

in the fourth embodiment of the bus information query method of the present invention, the query step shown in fig. 8 is essentially a bus information asynchronous exchange process, which is interveningly referred to as a chain type asynchronous exchange of bus information, between upstream and downstream passengers in a bus route, and the exchange mode realizes the mutual assistance of bus information services among the passengers for the query and collection of bus information, and completely separates the bus information services from the bus service operation while achieving the purpose of the invention; in 84 of fig. 8, when the passenger feeds back the actual vehicle information, the information about the unique identification of the bus is the optional feedback information content, and accordingly, the fed-back actual vehicle information containing and not containing the unique identification of the bus is processed in 85 respectively; the purpose of the mechanism is to balance the accuracy of the public transportation information and the feedback operation burden of passengers; if the actual bus information fed back by the passenger contains the unique identification of the bus, the operation information of the bus is relatively accurate, but the passenger needs to acquire and input the unique identification of the bus every time the passenger feeds back the information, so that the burden of feedback operation is increased; from the practical aspect of public transport operation, many public transport vehicles do not have striking unique identification, for example, the self-numbering of the vehicles does not spray the most easily seen position of passengers of the public transport vehicles, and the position of the license plate number of the vehicles is not easily seen at the lower position or right behind the front of the vehicles; in the process of getting on the bus, the situations of carrying luggage, crowding, tension and the like of passengers can seriously influence the attention of feedback, and have great influence on the operation of feedback information; under the condition, unique identification such as self-numbering or license plate number of the bus is necessarily abandoned, the burden of feedback operation of passengers is reduced, and the accuracy of the running information of the bus is sacrificed to a certain extent; in the embodiment, under the condition that the unique identification information of the bus is easy to obtain, more accurate bus running information can be collected, and wide bus running information can be collected under the condition that the self-numbering or license plate number of the bus is difficult to obtain and feed back.

As a process in which the passenger participates in the asynchronous exchange of the bus information in one implementation manner, and a process in which the driver and the passenger of the bus participate in the asynchronous exchange of the bus information in one implementation manner, the process shown in fig. 8 and the processes shown in fig. 6 and 7 can also be used in another implementation manner, in this embodiment, the passenger takes the steps of fig. 8 to participate in the asynchronous exchange of the bus information, and the driver and the passenger of the bus take the steps of fig. 6 and 7 to participate in the asynchronous exchange of the bus information; in the embodiment, passengers want to know the incoming conditions of all stations at the upstream, and the drivers and passengers of the public transport vehicles want to know the waiting conditions of the passengers at all stations at the downstream; the bus information asynchronous exchange center establishes a passenger waiting information set (PW), a bus scheduling information set (CD) of a driver and passenger source, an identified bus operation information set (IPR) of the passenger source, an unidentified bus operation information set (NPR) of the passenger source and a bus operation information set (CR) of the driver and passenger source in advance, and is used for respectively preparing and storing different bus information for exchange sent by passengers and the bus driver and passenger; the five public transportation information sets have the same data organization modes and fields as the same name information set in the first embodiment of the invention;

in this embodiment, the passengers participate in the asynchronous exchange of bus information according to the steps of fig. 8, including:

81, a passenger sends a bus information exchange request to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through a general networking device controlled by the passenger, wherein the exchange request comprises an inquiry request of the passenger and current planned riding information; in the current planned taking information of the passenger, the passenger can arrive at the getting-on station after planning for a plurality of long times to replace the planned arrival time in the appointed information content, the default value of the planned time length is 0, the planned time length is automatically provided by the general networking equipment controlled by the passenger, and the passenger can modify the planned taking information; the inquiry request of the passenger comprises a request return, scheduling information about a planned taking route suitable for the passenger and a bus possibly building a riding relationship with the passenger, operation information about a bus in transit suitable for the planned taking route information and the bus possibly building the riding relationship with the passenger before reaching a terminal station, and the number of passengers on the upstream waiting for taking the bus on the same route;

821, the bus information asynchronous exchange center receives exchange requests from the general networking equipment controlled by the passengers, extracts the inquiry requests of the passengers and the contents of planned riding information from the exchange requests, and calculates the time when the passengers plan to arrive at the boarding station by using the extracted data of how long the passengers plan to arrive at the boarding station with the receiving time of the inquiry requests of the passengers as a reference;

the inquiring of the related public transportation information on the related information set comprises the following steps: for each planned riding route and direction of the passenger, performing the following queries on the CD, IPR, NPR, CR: searching for a scheduling information item which has the same route as the planned taking route of the passenger and is the latest when the bus is planned to be sent of different buses from the CD, selecting an information item which has the same direction as the planned taking direction of the passenger from the searched information items, returning the information item which is the latest when the bus is planned to be sent from the selected information item, wherein the returned number is not more than one half of the number of stations (or plus 1) of the passenger on the planned getting-on station; searching for an operation information item which contains the same route as the planned riding route of the passenger and is the latest at the arrival time of different buses from the IPR, and returning an operation information item which contains the same direction as the planned riding direction of the passenger and contains no more than the planned arrival station number of the passenger from the found information item; finding out information items from NPR, wherein the included route and direction are respectively consistent with the planned riding route and direction of the passenger, the included station number is not more than the information items of the planned boarding station number of the passenger, selecting operation information items with different routes, directions and the latest station entering time from the found information items, calculating a freshness index for each selected information item, returning operation information items with larger freshness indexes from the selected information items, and the returned number is not more than one half of the planned boarding station number (or plus 1) of the passenger; searching from the CR, returning an operation information item which contains a route which is the same as the planned riding route of the passenger and is the latest at the arrival time of different buses from the found information item, wherein the included direction of the operation information item is consistent with the planned riding direction of the passenger and the included station number is not more than the planned getting-on station number of the passenger; in the operation information items returned by the inquiry, items which contain stations which are the same as the station where the passenger plans to get on the bus and have the arrival time earlier than the arrival time of the passenger plans to get on the bus are removed; searching from the PW, wherein the included waiting state is in waiting, the included route and direction are respectively consistent with the planned riding route and direction of the passenger, the included number of waiting information items of the planned boarding station number is not more than the number of waiting information items of the planned boarding station number of the passenger, and the number of the found information items is returned; the number of the scheduling information items, the operation information items and the waiting information items which are returned finally forms the query result of the passenger query request; when no information exists in the query result, returning a message about the temporary absence of the bus information meeting the requirements;

823, arranging and storing the planned riding information contained in the passenger query request: combining each planned riding line, planned riding direction, planned arrival time at an upper station and other related information together with the waiting state set in waiting and the receiving time information of the passenger query request into a waiting information item from the analyzed and calculated information 821, summarizing the waiting information items of different lines to obtain a group of waiting information items of the passenger, and storing the waiting information items in the PW;

84, when the passenger gets on the bus, the actual vehicle-on information is fed back to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through the controlled general networking equipment, wherein the actual vehicle-on time in the appointed information content is replaced by the time length from the actual vehicle-on time to the sending time, the default value of the time length is 0, the time length is automatically provided by the general networking equipment, and the passenger can modify the time length;

85, the bus information asynchronous exchange center receives, arranges and stores the actual vehicle information fed back by the passengers, and updates the information items in the relevant information sets: the bus information asynchronous exchange center receives actual vehicle-mounted information fed back by the passenger, and calculates the actual vehicle-mounted time of the passenger by using the time length data from the actual vehicle-mounted time to the query request sending time in the actual vehicle-mounted information as a reference; if the actual vehicle-mounted information does not contain the unique identifier of the bus, combining the actual vehicle-mounted route, the actual vehicle-mounted direction, the actual vehicle-mounted station, the actual vehicle-mounted time and the current riding condition (optional) of the passenger with the received time information into a bus running information item, and storing the bus running information item into the NPR; if the actual bus information contains the unique identifier of the bus, combining the actual bus route, the actual bus direction, the actual bus station, the unique identifier of the bus, the actual bus time and the current bus taking condition (optional) with the received time information into a bus running information item, and storing the bus running information item into the IPR; finding out a waiting state in the PW, wherein the waiting state is in waiting, the included route, direction and planned getting-on station are the same as the route, direction and station included in the information item newly stored in the NPR or IPR, the included time of the planned arrival at the getting-on station is not later than the waiting information item at the actual getting-on time included in the information item newly stored in the NPR or IPR, and updating the waiting state of all waiting information items (including the waiting information items of other routes of the passengers) of which the waiting states related to the found waiting information items are waiting as the waiting state into the on-bus;

in this embodiment, when receiving a bus dispatching instruction before the bus driver and the passenger get off, the bus driver and the passenger participate in the asynchronous exchange of the bus information according to the steps shown in fig. 6, which includes:

61, the bus driver and passenger sends a bus information exchange request to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through the general networking device controlled by the bus driver and passenger, the exchange request comprises an inquiry request of the driver and passenger and scheduling information of the bus, the inquiry request requests to return, the bus information that the bus meets the information requirement of planned riding of the bus and is possible to establish a riding relationship with the bus before the bus arrives at a terminal after the bus is sent out, in the scheduling information of the bus, the remaining duration of the time of planned riding replaces the time of planned riding in the content of the scheduled information, the default value of the duration is 0, the time is automatically provided by the general networking device, and the driver and passenger can modify;

621, the bus information asynchronous switching center receives a bus information switching request from a general networking device operated by the bus driver and the passenger, extracts the inquiry request of the driver and the content of the bus scheduling information from the bus information switching request, and calculates the planned departure time of the bus by using the extracted data of the remaining time to the planned departure time on the basis of the receiving time of the driver and passenger inquiry request;

622, inquiring related public transportation information on the related information set according to the riding inquiry request received in 621, and returning a corresponding inquiry result to the general networking equipment for riding control of the public transportation vehicle;

the inquiring of the related public transportation information on the related information set comprises the following steps: searching from the PW, wherein the included waiting state is a waiting information item of a passenger in waiting, and the included route and direction are respectively consistent with the dispatching route and the dispatching direction of the bus, removing the included station as a head station from the found information item, and the included item which is scheduled to arrive at the upper station and is later than the planned departure time, and returning the rest passenger waiting information item;

623, sorting and storing the scheduling information analyzed in 621: in the information content received, analyzed and calculated in 621, the unique identification, departure route, departure direction, departure time and departure instruction (optional) of the bus are combined into a bus scheduling information item together with the received time information and stored in the CD;

in this embodiment, the bus driver and the bus conductor start to operate the bus, and participate in the asynchronous exchange of the bus information according to the steps shown in fig. 7, including:

71, the bus driver and the bus passenger send bus information exchange requests to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through the general networking equipment controlled by the bus driver and the bus passenger, the exchange requests comprise inquiry requests of the driver and the current operation information of the bus, the inquiry requests require to return, the bus waiting information that the bus meets the planned bus information requirement of the bus driver and can establish a riding relationship with the bus before the bus arrives at a terminal station, and the operation information of other buses on the same line and in the same direction as the bus; the current running information of the bus comprises running information of the bus when the bus stops or stops at the station for the last time, wherein the time length from the station entering time to the current time replaces the station entering time in appointed information content, the default value of the time length is 0, the time length is automatically provided by the general networking equipment, and the driver and the passenger can modify the time length;

72, the bus information asynchronous exchange center responds to the bus information exchange request submitted by the bus driver and the bus conductor, and performs a plurality of operations, including 721 and 723:

721, the bus information asynchronous exchange center receives the exchange request of the bus information from the general networking equipment controlled by the bus driver and the passenger, extracts the inquiry request of the driver and the content of the running information of the bus from the exchange request, and calculates the time of getting on the bus by using the time from the extracted time of getting on the bus to the current time with the receiving time of the inquiry request of the driver and the passenger as the reference;

722, inquiring related public transportation information on the related information set according to the inquiry request of the driver and the passenger analyzed in 721, and returning a corresponding inquiry result to the general networking equipment for controlling the driver and the passenger of the public transportation vehicle;

the inquiring of the related public transportation information on the related information set comprises the following steps: searching and returning from the PW, wherein the contained waiting state is an information item that the route and the direction contained in the waiting are respectively consistent with the running route and the running direction of the bus, and the number of the contained station stops is greater than the number of the station stops of the bus; searching from the CR, wherein the included route is the same as the route of the bus and the latest running information item of different buses at the arrival time, and returning the running information item with the direction consistent with the running direction of the bus from the found information item; searching for an operation information item which has the same route as the route of the bus and is the latest in actual bus time of different buses from the IPR, and returning an operation information item which has the same direction as the operation direction of the bus from the searched information item; finding out information items, the routes and the directions of which are respectively consistent with the running routes and the directions of the bus, from the NPR, selecting the running information item with the latest actual time of the bus from the found information items, calculating a freshness index for each selected information item, returning the running information item with a larger freshness index from the selected information items, wherein the returned number is not more than one half of the total number of the bus in the current direction (or plus 1); the last returned information items in different information sets form the query result of the passenger query request; when no information item exists in the query result, returning a message about temporary non-meeting-requirement bus information;

723, sorting and storing the contents of the scheduling information or the operation information analyzed out in 721, and updating the stored waiting information items in the PW: the contents of the running information of the bus analyzed out in 721, including the unique identification, running route, running direction, stop and station number, riding condition (optional) of the bus, the calculated arrival time, the receiving time of the exchange request and other information, are combined into a bus running information item, and stored in the CR, and at the same time, finding out in the PW that the waiting state is in waiting, the included route, direction and planned arrival station are respectively the same as the route, direction and station included in the new operation information item, the included time of the planned arrival at the arrival station is not later than the arrival time included in the new operation information item, and updating the waiting state of the passengers related to the found waiting information item into the waiting state of all waiting information items (including the waiting information items of the passengers related to other routes) in waiting;

73, the general networking equipment for the bus driver and passenger control receives and displays the information returned from the bus information asynchronous exchange center, and the end of the bus information inquiry of the current round is finished.

The embodiment of the invention is essentially the combination of the chain asynchronous exchange of the bus information and the dual asynchronous exchange of the bus information, and the integration makes the chain asynchronous exchange of the bus information easier to start on one hand, and makes the bus driver and the passenger not need to participate in the bus information exchange every time when passing through a station on the other hand, and the chain asynchronous exchange can be automatically carried out once being started.

Fig. 9 shows a first embodiment of the bus information system of the present invention, where different bus participants use the bus information system as a platform, and can implement the bus information exchange operation I, the exchange operation O, and the parallel combination module I $ O in fig. 1 and 2, thereby helping to complete the bus information asynchronous exchange process and implement the functions of querying and collecting bus information; in particular, the present embodiment provides a bus information system capable of carrying 9 operation prototypes of the swap-in operation I and 6 operation prototypes of the swap-out operation O in fig. 1 in the first embodiment; referring to fig. 9, the public transportation information system mainly includes a general networking device 91 operated and controlled by a public transportation participant, and a public transportation information asynchronous exchange center 92;

specifically, the bus information asynchronous switching center 92, before completing other tasks, creates in advance a passenger waiting information set (PW), a dispatcher-sourced bus scheduling information set (DD), a driver-sourced bus scheduling information set (CD), a passenger-sourced unidentified bus operation information set (NPR), a passenger-sourced identified bus operation information set (IPR), and a driver-sourced bus operation information set (CR), for preparing to store related bus information, and hereinafter, the corresponding information sets are denoted by codes in parentheses, and data organization manners and fields of these information sets are the same as those of the same name information sets in the first embodiment;

the functions of the devices of the public transportation information system in fig. 9 are as follows:

91, a general networking device operated by a bus participant, which is used for helping the bus participant complete the tasks in the step I1 of switching in the operation I, the step O1 of switching out the operation O or the step U1 of the parallel combination module in FIG. 2, specifically, the bus participant sends a bus information exchange request to a bus information asynchronous exchange center through the device, the bus information exchange request comprises a bus information inquiry request (A) or/and bus information (T) which is already known by the bus participant at that time and is used for switching out, and the bus information exchange request receives and displays the information returned from the bus information asynchronous exchange center;

in particular, for the 9 operation prototypes of the swap-in operation I and the 6 operation prototypes of the swap-out operation O of fig. 1 determined in the first embodiment, the apparatus 91 is to complete 4 tasks: firstly, endowing the stored member identification information to the meta agent in the operation prototype related to the bus participant, and secondly, providing a corresponding form for the bus participant in steps I1, O1 and U1 according to the specific bus information asynchronous exchange process participated by the bus participant: for passengers, providing a form for inputting information about planned riding, actual riding or actual riding at the time, for drivers and conductors, providing a form for inputting information about current dispatching or running of the bus, and for dispatchers, providing a form for inputting dispatching information in dispatching instructions issued at the time or bus lines and directions to be inquired; the bus participant completes the corresponding form operation, and the device 91 obtains form information (the required static information is automatically called from the static state stored in the equipment) and gives information content of meta info in the relevant operation prototype; thirdly, a bus information exchange request is sent to the bus information asynchronous exchange center, and is determined by a specific bus information asynchronous exchange process participated by a bus participant, wherein the exchange request comprises an inquiry request A or/and bus information T used for exchanging, which operation prototypes are instantiated on the argument agent and the argument info at the time of the embodiment: one or more of the query requests I-P-A-1 to I-P-A-3 in the prototypes I-P-1 to I-P-3, or one or more of the query requests I-C-A-1 to I-C-A-2 in the prototypes I-C-1 to I-C-2, or one or more of the query requests I-C-A-3 to I-C-A-4 in the prototypes I-C-3 to I-C-4, or one or more of the query requests I-D-A-1 to I-D-A-2 in the prototypes I-D-1 to I-D-2, operating one item of the swap-out information O-P-T-1 to O-P-T-3 in the prototypes O-P-1 to O-P-3, or operating one item of the swap-out information O-C-T-1 to O-C-T-2 in the prototypes O-C-1 to O-C-2, or operating the swap-out information I-D-T-1 in the prototype O-D-1; fourthly, the task of receiving and displaying the bus information from the device 92, which is given in the step I3 of exchanging the bus information into the operation I and the step U3 of connecting the combined module U3 in parallel, is completed;

92, a public transportation information asynchronous exchange center, for helping the public transportation participant to complete the task in step I2 of swapping in operation I, step O2 of swapping out operation O or step utou2 of the parallel combination module in fig. 1, specifically comprising:

a. and communicating with the general networking equipment controlled by the public transport participants: receiving a bus information exchange request sent by the device 91, and analyzing the content of the inquiry request (A) of the bus participants and/or the bus information (T) for exchange; the device 91 for returning the output result of the query operation in the task b to the bus participant; in particular, the inquiry request (a) and the bus information for swapping out (T) include the inquiry request and the bus information for swapping out in the instantiated operation prototype selected by the bus participant in the device 91;

b. constructing and executing a corresponding inquiry operation (Q) according to the bus information inquiry request (A) analyzed out from the task a; in particular, the instantiated query operation determined in the apparatus 91 in the following operation prototype is included: operating on instantiated ones of query operations I-P-Q-1 through I-P-Q-3 in prototypes I-P-1 through I-P-3, or query operations I-C-Q-1 through I-C-Q-2 in prototypes I-C-1 through I-C-2, or query operations I-C-Q-3 through I-C-Q-4 in prototypes I-C-3 through I-C-4, or query operations I-D-Q-1 through I-D-2 in prototypes I-D-1 through I-D-2 corresponding to the query request isolated in task a; outputting the query result to a task a: if the bus information meeting the inquiry request is returned, the returned bus information is output, and if the bus information does not meet the inquiry request, the information about the temporary absence of the related bus information of the type is output;

c. arranging the bus information (T) used for being exchanged by the bus participants separated out in the task a into information items, and storing the arranged bus information items (S); in particular, the following operation prototypes are included for the instantiated storage operation determined in the device 91: operating instantiated items in the storage operations O-P-S-1 to O-P-S-3 in the prototypes O-P-1 to O-P-3, or O-C-S-1 to O-C-S-2 in the prototypes O-C-1 to O-C-2, or O-C-S-3 to O-C-4 in the prototypes O-C-3 to O-C-4, or I-D-S-1 in the prototypes O-D-1 corresponding to the swap-out information precipitated in task a;

in addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, the bus information asynchronous switching center 92 may further include a communication interface unit 921, an inquiry unit 922, and a storage unit 923, where the communication interface unit 921 completes task a of the bus information asynchronous switching center 92, the inquiry unit 922 completes task b, and the storage unit 923 completes task c; information transmission among all units is as shown in fig. 9, 921 transmits an inquiry request to 922, 922 returns an inquiry result to 911, and 921 transmits bus information items which are arranged from the bus information exchanged by the bus participants to 923; such an improvement can make the bus information system in the embodiment have a clearer structure and better maintainability.

FIG. 10 illustrates a second embodiment of the bus information system of the present invention, providing an information system that enables query and collection of bus information by asynchronous exchange of bus information between passengers only; referring to fig. 10, the public transportation information system includes a general-purpose networked device 101 operated by a passenger and a public transportation information asynchronous exchange center 102; the bus information asynchronous exchange center pre-establishes a passenger waiting information set (PW), a passenger source non-identification bus running information set (NPR) and a passenger source identification bus running information set (IPR) for respectively preparing and storing waiting information sent by passengers, actual bus-in information without a bus unique identification and actual bus-in information with the bus unique identification, wherein the data organization forms and the contained fields of the 3 information sets are the same as the homonymous information set of the first embodiment of the invention; the functions of the devices in fig. 10 are as follows:

101, a passenger operates a general networking device, and the passenger sends a bus information exchange request through the device, wherein the exchange request comprises a passenger query request and the passenger current planned riding information; receiving and displaying information returned from the bus information asynchronous switching center; when the passenger gets on the bus, the actual information of the passenger on the bus is fed back to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through the equipment; in the planned taking information, the scheduled arrival time in the appointed information content is replaced by the arrival station after the planned arrival time is planned for a plurality of long times, the default value of the duration is 0, the duration is automatically provided by the general networking equipment controlled by the passenger, and the passenger can modify the duration; the inquiry request of the passenger requests return of information on a planned ride suitable for the passenger, operation information of a public transit vehicle that is likely to establish a ride relationship with the passenger before reaching a terminal, and information on the number of upstream passengers of the planned boarding route of the passenger; in the actual vehicle-mounted information, the time length from the vehicle-mounted time to the time of sending the exchange request is used for replacing the actual vehicle-mounted time, the default value of the time length is 0, the time length is automatically provided by the general networking equipment, and the passenger can modify the time length;

102, a public transport information asynchronous exchange center, which is used for completing the following tasks:

a. communicating with the passenger-operated general networking device: receiving a bus information exchange request from a device 101, analyzing the contents of the inquiry request of the passenger and the current planned riding information, and calculating the time when the passenger is planned to arrive at the boarding station by using the analyzed data of how long the passenger is planned to arrive at the boarding station by taking the receiving time of the exchange request as a reference; receiving actual vehicle getting-on information from the device 101, and calculating the actual vehicle getting-on time of the passenger by using the data of the time length from the vehicle getting-on time to the query request sending time in the actual vehicle getting-on information with the receiving time of the actual vehicle getting-on information as a reference; returning an output result of the query operation performed in task b to the passenger-operated device 101;

b. according to the inquiry request of the passenger analyzed in the task a, selecting a corresponding information set, and constructing and executing the following inquiry operation: for each planned riding route and direction of the passenger, implementing the following queries on the IPR, NPR and PW: searching for an operation information item which has the same route as the planned riding route of the passenger and the latest actual boarding time of different buses from the IPR, selecting an information item which has the same direction as the planned riding direction of the passenger and the station number not more than the planned boarding station number of the passenger from the found information items, removing the information item which has the same station as the planned boarding station of the passenger and the actual boarding time earlier than the planned arrival boarding time of the passenger from the selected information items, and returning the rest information items; finding out information items from NPR, wherein the included route and direction are respectively consistent with the planned riding route and direction of the passenger, the included station number is not more than the information items of the planned boarding station number of the passenger, selecting the latest operation information item of the station at the arrival time from the found information items, calculating a freshness index for each selected information item, returning the operation information item with a larger freshness index from the selected information items, and the returned number is not more than one half of the planned boarding station number (or plus 1) of the passenger; searching from the PW, wherein the included waiting state is in waiting, the included route and direction are respectively consistent with the planned riding route and direction of the passenger, the included waiting information items of the planned boarding station number not greater than the planned boarding station number of the passenger are searched, and the number of the found information items including different routes is returned; the last returned public transportation information in each information set forms an inquiry result of the passenger inquiry request and is output to the task a, and if no public transportation information exists in the inquiry result, a message about the type of the temporary and unrelated public transportation information is output;

c. and constructing and executing the following storage operations on the planned riding information of the passenger analyzed in the task a and the planned arrival time of the passenger at the boarding station, or the actual riding information and the calculated actual boarding time of the passenger: analyzing and calculating planned riding information of the task a, combining each planned riding line, planned riding direction, the line, planned boarding stations, station times, planned arrival time at the boarding stations and other related information together with the waiting state set in waiting and the receiving time information of the exchange request into a waiting information item, summarizing the waiting information items of different lines to obtain a group of waiting information items of the passenger, and storing the waiting information items in the PW; if the actual vehicle information received by the task a does not contain the unique identifier of the bus in which the bus is taken, combining the actual vehicle route, the actual vehicle direction, the actual vehicle station, the actual vehicle time and the current riding condition (optional) with the received time information into a bus running information item, and storing the bus running information item into the NPR; if the actual information content of the bus received by the task a contains the unique identifier of the bus, combining the actual bus route, the actual bus direction, the actual bus station, the unique identifier of the bus, the actual bus time and the current bus taking condition (optional) with the received time information into a bus running information item, and storing the bus running information item into the IPR; when the NPR or IPR stores a new information item, finding out in the PW that the included route, direction and planned arrival time of the station are the same as those included in the newly stored NPR or IPR information item, the included planned arrival time of the station is not later than the actual arrival time included in the newly stored NPR or IPR information item, the waiting state is a waiting information item in waiting, and the waiting state of all waiting information items (including the waiting information items of other routes of the passengers) of which the waiting states are related to the found waiting information item is updated to be the already-arrived bus.

In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the bus information asynchronous exchange center 102 further includes 3 devices, such as a communication interface unit 1021, an inquiry unit 1022, and a storage unit 1023:

1021, the communication interface unit is used for completing the task a, transmitting the query request to the query unit 1022, transmitting the sorted passenger waiting information items, the non-identification bus running information or the identification bus running information to the storage unit 1023, and receiving the bus information query result from the query unit 1022;

1022, a query unit for completing task b, passing the query result to unit 1021;

1023, a storage unit for completing task c.

In this embodiment, the bus information system shown in fig. 10 is a system that substantially helps to realize asynchronous exchange of bus information between upstream and downstream passengers, and is a chain-type asynchronous exchange system of bus information, which is a bus information service self-service system for passenger groups under the condition that no bus operation department or personnel participate, and the purpose of the invention is realized while the maximum openness of bus information service is maintained.

FIG. 11 illustrates a third embodiment of a bus information system providing an information system implementing the function of querying and collecting bus information through asynchronous exchange of bus information between bus participants consisting of passengers and bus riders; referring to fig. 11, the public transportation information system includes a general networking device 111 operated by a passenger, a general networking device 112 operated by a bus and a public transportation information asynchronous exchange center 113; the bus information asynchronous exchange center 113 pre-establishes a passenger waiting information set (PW), a bus scheduling information set (CD) of a driver and passenger source, an identified bus running information set (IPR) of a passenger source, an unidentified bus running information set (NPR) of a passenger source and a bus running information set (CR) of a driver and passenger source, and is used for respectively preparing and storing corresponding bus information sent by passengers and the bus drivers, and the data organization forms and the contained fields of the 5 information sets are the same as the homonymous information set of the first embodiment of the invention; the functions of the devices are as follows:

111, a passenger sends a bus information exchange request to a bus information asynchronous exchange center through the general networking device controlled by the passenger, wherein the bus information exchange request comprises an inquiry request of the passenger and current planned riding information; receiving and displaying information returned by the bus information asynchronous switching center; when the passenger gets on the bus, the actual information of the passenger on the bus is fed back to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through the equipment;

the inquiry request of the passenger requires to return the planned riding information suitable for the passenger and the running information of the on-road bus which is possible to establish the riding relationship with the passenger before reaching the terminal station; in the planned taking information, the time of arriving at the getting-on station after the planned time is used for replacing the time of arriving at the getting-on station planned in the appointed information content, the default value of the time is 0, the time is automatically provided by the general networking equipment controlled by the passenger, and the passenger can modify the time; in the actual vehicle information, the time length from the actual vehicle time to the actual vehicle information sending time is used for replacing the actual vehicle time in the appointed information content, the default value of the time length is 0, the time length is automatically provided by the general networking equipment, and the passenger can modify the time length;

112, the bus driver and the bus passenger send bus information exchange request to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through the general networking device controlled by the bus driver and the bus passenger; receiving and displaying information returned by the bus information asynchronous switching center;

the bus information exchange method comprises the steps that when a bus driver and a passenger receive a dispatching instruction, a bus information exchange request in a to-be-dispatched state is sent, the exchange request comprises an inquiry request in the to-be-dispatched state of the driver and the dispatching information related to the bus in the dispatching instruction, and the inquiry request of the driver and the passenger requires to return waiting information which is related to the bus, meets the planned riding information requirement of the bus and is possible to establish a riding relationship with the bus before the bus arrives at a terminal after the bus driver and the passenger depart; in the scheduling information, the remaining time from the current time to the time of planned departure is used for replacing the time of planned departure in appointed information content, the default value of the time is 0, the time is automatically provided by the general networking equipment, and the driver and crew can modify the time;

the method comprises the steps that a bus driver and a passenger send a bus information exchange request in an operation state after the bus driver and the passenger start to operate, the exchange request comprises an inquiry request in the operation state of the driver and the passenger and the operation information of the bus, the inquiry request comprises a request return, waiting information which is about that the bus is suitable for the planned bus information request of the bus driver and is possible to establish a riding relationship with the bus before the bus arrives at a terminal, and operation information about other buses on the same line and the same direction as the bus; the running information of the bus comprises the running information of the bus when the bus stops or stops at the station for the last time, wherein the time length from the time of entering the station to the current time replaces the time of entering the station in the appointed information content, the default value of the time length is 0, the running information is automatically provided by the general networking equipment, and the driver can modify the running information;

113, the bus information asynchronous switching center is used for completing the following tasks:

communicating with passenger-operated general networking equipment: the bus information exchange request sent by the receiving device 111 is used for analyzing the contents of the inquiry request of the passenger and the current planned riding information, and the time when the passenger is planned to arrive at the boarding station is calculated by using the analyzed data of the boarding station after the time when the passenger inquires the request as a reference; receiving actual vehicle getting-on information from the device 111, and calculating the actual vehicle getting-on time of the passenger by using the data of the time length from the vehicle getting-on time to the query request sending time in the actual vehicle getting-on information with the receiving time of the actual vehicle getting-on information as a reference; returning the query output of task b1 to the passenger operated device 111;

a2. and the communication with the general networking equipment controlled by the bus driver and the bus conductor is carried out: receiving a bus information exchange request from the device 112, and analyzing an inquiry request of the driver and the passenger in a to-be-issued state and the scheduling information of the bus, or the running information of the bus and the inquiry request in a running state; calculating the proposed departure time of the bus by using the analyzed residual time from the current time to the proposed departure time or calculating the arrival time of the bus by using the analyzed data of the time from the arrival time to the current time; returning the query output result in the task b2 to the device 111 for controlling the bus driver and passenger;

b1. the following query operations are constructed and executed for the query request of the passenger analyzed in task a 1: for each planned riding route and direction of the passenger, performing the following queries on the CD, IPR, NPR, CR, PW: searching an information item which is contained in the CD, has the same route as the planned taking route of the passenger and is latest at the planned taking time of different buses, selecting a scheduling information item which is contained in the searched information item and has the same direction as the planned taking time of the passenger, returning the information item which is latest at the planned taking time from the selected information item, wherein the returned number is not more than one half of the station number (or plus 1) of the planned getting-on station of the passenger; searching for an operation information item which contains the same route as the planned riding route of the passenger and is the latest at the arrival time of different buses from the IPR, and returning from the found information item, wherein the contained direction is consistent with the planned riding direction of the passenger, and the contained station number is not more than that of the passenger on the planned station number; finding out information items from NPR, wherein the included route and direction are respectively consistent with the planned riding route and direction of the passenger, the included station number is not more than the information items of the planned boarding station number of the passenger, selecting the latest operation information items of the arrival time of different stations from the found information items, calculating a freshness index for each selected information item, returning the operation information items with larger freshness indexes from the selected information items, and the returned number is not more than one half of the planned boarding station number (or plus 1) of the passenger; searching for an operation information item which contains the same route as the planned riding route of the passenger and is the latest at the arrival time of different buses from the CR, and returning an operation information item which contains the same direction as the planned riding direction of the passenger and contains no more than the planned arrival station number of the passenger from the found information item; in all the returned running information items, removing the running items which contain stations which are the same as the stations on which passengers plan to get on the bus and have the arrival time earlier than the time when the passengers plan to arrive at the stations on the bus; searching from the PW, wherein the included waiting state is in waiting, the included route and direction are respectively consistent with the planned passenger riding route and direction, the included planned boarding station number is not more than the waiting information item of the planned boarding station number of the passenger, and the number of the found information items is returned; output the relevant query results to task a 1: finally, if the returned result contains the public transportation information, the public transportation information is output, and if the returned result does not contain any public transportation information, a message about the temporary absence of the public transportation information meeting the requirements is output;

b2. constructing and executing the following query operation on the query request analyzed in the task a2 under the train-waiting state of the driver and the passenger: searching from the PW, wherein the included waiting state is a waiting information item of a passenger in waiting, and the included line and direction are respectively consistent with the dispatching line and the dispatching direction of the bus, the included information item with the station as the head station and the included schedule arrival time later than the planned departure time is removed from the found information items, the rest passenger waiting information items are returned, and when no information item is returned, a message about whether the bus information meeting the requirement is temporarily unavailable is returned;

constructing and executing the following query operation on the query request in the riding running state analyzed in the a 2: searching from the PW, wherein the included waiting state is the waiting state, the included route and direction are respectively consistent with the running route and running direction of the bus, the included stop number of the bus is not less than the information item of the stop number of the bus, the included stop is the same as the stop number of the bus, the included item which is scheduled to arrive at the bus and is later than the arrival time of the bus is removed from the found information item, and the rest passenger waiting information item is returned; searching from the CR, returning an operation information item which contains the same route as the route of the bus and the latest arrival time of different buses from the found information item and has the same direction as the operation direction of the bus; searching for an operation information item which has the same route as the route of the bus and is the latest in actual bus time of different buses from the IPR, and returning an operation information item which has the same direction as the operation direction of the bus from the found information item; finding out information items of which the lines and directions are respectively consistent with the running lines and directions of the bus from the NPR, selecting running information items of different lines, directions and stations with the latest actual time of getting on the bus from the found information items, calculating the ratio of the mileage of the actual station to the next station to the duration of the actual time of getting on the bus from the current time in each selected information item, namely the freshness index of the information item, returning the running information items with larger freshness indexes from the selected information items, wherein the returned number is not more than one half of the total number of the bus in the current direction (or 1 is added); output the query results to task a 2: if the last query result contains the bus information, outputting the contained bus information, and if no bus information is returned, outputting a message about the temporary absence of the bus information meeting the requirements;

c1. the planned riding information analyzed and calculated in the task a1 is processed to obtain each bus line, direction, planned boarding station and station number, planned arrival time at the boarding station, riding description (optional) and other related information, the waiting state in waiting and the receiving time of the exchange request are added and set, the waiting state and the receiving time of the exchange request are combined to form a passenger waiting information item, the waiting information items of different lines are summarized, a group of waiting information items of the passenger are obtained, and the passenger waiting information items are stored in the PW; if the actual vehicle-mounted information received and calculated in the task a1 does not contain the unique identifier of the bus, combining the actual vehicle-mounted route, the actual vehicle-mounted direction, the actual vehicle-mounted station, the actual vehicle-mounted time and the current riding condition (optional) with the received time information into a bus running information item, and storing the bus running information item into the NPR; if the unique identification of the bus is contained, combining the actual bus route, the actual bus direction, the actual bus station, the unique identification of the bus, the actual bus time and the current bus taking condition (optional) with the received time information into a bus running information item, and storing the bus running information item into the IPR;

c2. for the bus dispatching information analyzed and calculated in the task a2, combining the unique identification of the bus, the departure route, the departure direction, the time of planned departure and the departure instruction (optional) with the receiving time information into a bus dispatching information item, and storing the bus dispatching information item in the CD; for the operation information of the bus analyzed and calculated by the task a2, combining the unique identification, the operation line, the operation direction, the stop and the stop times, the arrival time and the riding condition (optional) of the bus with the receiving time information into a bus operation information item, and storing the bus operation information item in the CR;

c3. when the CR, NPR and IPR are stored in a new information item, finding out in the PW that the waiting state is in waiting, the included route, direction and planned arrival time of the waiting station are the same as those included in the information item newly stored in the CR, NPR or IPR, the included arrival time of the plan arrival time of the waiting station is not later than the arrival time or actual arrival time of the arrival time included in the information item newly stored in the CR, NPR or IPR, and updating the waiting state of all waiting information items (including the waiting information items of other routes of the passengers) of which the waiting state related to the found waiting information items is in waiting into the waiting state of the arrived bus.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 11, the bus information asynchronous exchange center 113 may further include 4 devices, such as a passenger communication interface unit 1131, a driver and passenger communication interface unit 1132, an inquiry unit 1133, and a storage unit 1134, where functions of each device are as follows:

1131, a passenger communication interface unit, configured to complete task a1 of the bus information asynchronous switching center 113;

1132, a driver-and-passenger communication interface unit, configured to complete task a2 of the bus information asynchronous switching center 113;

1133, a query unit, configured to complete tasks b1 and b2 of the bus information asynchronous switching center 113.

1134, a storage unit, configured to complete tasks c1, c2, and c3 of the bus information asynchronous switching center 113.

In the third embodiment of the public transportation information system of the present invention, the system shown in fig. 11 is actually an information system that integrates chain asynchronous exchange and dual asynchronous exchange of public transportation information, the starting speed of the chain asynchronous exchange is accelerated by the dual asynchronous exchange, the coupling requirement of the dual asynchronous exchange is released by the chain asynchronous exchange, and the practical effects include that inquired public transportation information is more timely, more accurate and more comprehensive, and the public transportation driver and passenger can issue the operation information about the public transportation vehicle without needing to stop one station during operation except for the dispatching information about the public transportation vehicle in the waiting-to-issue state and the first station in the operation state.

The following points are worth mentioning:

1. the realization of the asynchronous exchange of the public transportation information is the basis of all the embodiments of the invention, is the technical characteristics of the inquiry and collection method of the public transportation information and the public transportation information system in the invention, and is at the core of the claim protection; in the related embodiment, whether the bus information inquiry and collection are effective, whether the related technical advantages are reflected and whether the bus information system operates normally depend on whether bus information asynchronous exchange is active or not; the system is supposed to try to encourage the first-stop first-issue vehicle passengers to actively participate in the public transportation information exchange, such as providing the historical public transportation information of some related lines, directions, stations and time periods for the first-stop first-issue vehicle passengers, and can also give incentives by using other means; in essence, the embodiment of the invention provides a technical platform for the public transportation participant group to benefit from the practical mutual cooperation spirit of human beings, and the inventor is full of confidence in the mutual cooperation spirit of the public transportation participant group.

2. The inquiry requests of different types of bus participants can be, but are not limited to, as listed; different bus participants of the same bus participant type or different query requests of the same bus participant under different situations, for example, for a passenger waiting at the first station, the query request can require to return information about the recently sent bus; in all the embodiments described above, for each query request set, the corresponding query condition is described in detail, and the purpose is not intended to exhaust the query requests and the corresponding query conditions that may be related to the present invention, but to show that, in the aspect of the query request, the present invention may satisfy the corresponding query request through bus information asynchronous exchange, and bus information query based on bus information asynchronous exchange is feasible; the scope of the claimed invention includes all the different processes, methods and systems for implementing the bus information inquiry and collection function based on the asynchronous exchange of the bus information, and these different processes, methods and systems are not limited to the inquiry request and the corresponding inquiry conditions listed in the embodiments.

3. The general networking device includes but is not limited to a mobile phone capable of being networked, and may also be other fixed or portable devices capable of being networked, such as a networked computer, a netbook, a tablet computer and the like.

4. Inquiring the 'in-transit' buses in a set (such as CR and IPR) containing the unique identification of the buses and related to the operation information of the buses, wherein the 'in-transit' buses are found by the condition of 'arrival time of different buses on different lines or latest operation information items of actual bus time'; this "theoretical" on-road and actual on-road error is small, except for the information items relating to the last 2 stations (almost no passengers have to inquire about the status of the last 2 station's bus), as long as the asynchronous exchange of bus information relating to the relevant vehicle at the time is timely and error-free; in a set (such as NPR) of information (such as NPR) about the operation of the public transport vehicles without containing the unique identification of the public transport vehicles, the 'in-transit' public transport vehicles are estimated through the calculation of freshness indexes of related information items, and the accuracy of inquiry is not as high as that of the information set containing the unique identification of the public transport vehicles; in the passenger waiting information query, the accuracy of the query condition that the waiting state is in waiting depends on the relevant passenger feedback information and the timeliness of the asynchronous exchange of the bus information participated by the driver and the passenger; in the embodiment of the invention, the inquiry related to the hitching relationship is carried out, but the passenger is not guaranteed to be capable of hitching the corresponding public transport vehicle, and the residual corresponding relationship after the hitching relationship is not existed in one operation period of the public transport vehicle is just eliminated;

each bus participant participating in the asynchronous exchange of the bus information is a consumer of the bus information and a producer of the bus information, and the consumers understand the generation process of the inquired bus information; with the increase of experience of bus participants in using the bus information inquiring and collecting method and the bus information system, the bus information inquiring and collecting method and the bus information system are easy to adapt to the error or flexibility of bus information asynchronous exchange, and the interactive characteristic in the system shows that the bus information inquiring and collecting method and the bus information system are characterized by the technical scheme of the invention.

5. In all the above embodiments of the present invention, the riding conditions include: information about the sanitary condition in the bus, information about the remaining empty seats in the bus, information about the crowded condition in the bus, information about the visual perception sensation in the bus, information about the olfactory perception sensation in the bus, information about the road condition along the route where the bus is located, information about the safety condition in the bus; in the embodiment of the riding conditions, the riding conditions are used as the selectable information content of the corresponding public transportation information, so that the design mainly considers that a part of public transportation participants can normally participate in information exchange under the condition that the riding condition information is not provided as the selectable content because the participated public transportation activities are tense (such as more passengers in the bus, passengers with children or luggage, and the like) and return to more detailed riding conditions without time; the embodiment of the invention can effectively inquire and collect information about riding conditions and embody the humanized technical characteristics of the public transportation information service.

6. Each of fig. 5, 6, 7, and 8 shows that the asynchronous exchange process of the public transportation information includes a parallel combination module I uto; in fig. 5, 6, and 7, the operation I of swapping in the public transportation information in the module I ueco (including the corresponding step I1 → I2 → I3) may be repeated several times after the process of the module is finished, and the operation I of swapping in the bus information in the module I ueo (including the corresponding step I1 → I2 → I3) in fig. 8 may be repeated several times before the step 84, so as to meet the requirement that the bus participant needs to refresh the original query request; in order to reduce the operation load of the bus information asynchronous switching center, the repetition of the bus information switching-in operation can be limited in various forms, for example, the total number of the repetition does not exceed a certain value, and the minimum interval time of the adjacent repetition of the operation towards the repetition is not less than a preset time length.

7. In the embodiment of the invention, the inquiry results of the bus scheduling information or the operation information comprise information from different bus participants such as dispatchers, passengers (including the unique identification of the bus and not including the unique identification of the bus), drivers and conductors, the generation processes of the information are relatively independent, the same information in different information sets is not necessarily completely the same, and the inquiry results of different sources can be mutually supplemented and cross-confirmed.

Claims

1. A bus information system that assists bus participants in effecting asynchronous exchange of bus information between themselves, said system comprising:

(1) general networking equipment that public transit participant controlled: the bus participants send bus information exchange requests to a bus information asynchronous exchange center through the equipment, and the bus information exchange requests comprise bus information or/and bus information inquiry requests which are already known by the bus participants at that time and used for changing out; receiving and displaying messages returned from the bus information asynchronous switching center;

(2) the bus information asynchronous switching center is used for completing the following tasks:

a. communicate with the general networking devices controlled by the public transport participants: receiving a bus information exchange request sent by the bus participants through the general networking equipment controlled by the bus participants, and analyzing the bus information or/and bus information inquiry request which is known by the bus participants at the time and is used for changing out, wherein the bus information exchange request is contained in the exchange request; returning the query result in the task b to the general networking equipment controlled by the bus participant;

b. inquiring related bus information from the stored bus information exchanged by other bus participants according to the bus information inquiry request analyzed in the task a, and outputting a related inquiry result to the task a;

c. saving the public transportation information which is analyzed out from the task a and is obtained by the public transportation participants at that time for changing out;

the bus participants are only of one type, and the bus information system comprises:

(1) passenger-operated general networking devices: the passenger sends an exchange request to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through the equipment, and receives and displays a message returned by the bus information asynchronous exchange center, wherein the exchange request comprises current planned riding information and a query request of the passenger; when the passenger takes the bus, the actual bus information is fed back to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through the equipment;

(2) the bus information asynchronous switching center: before other tasks are finished, a passenger waiting information set, a passenger source non-identification bus running information set and a passenger source identification bus running information set are created in advance and used for respectively preparing and storing planned riding information sent by passengers, actual riding information without a bus unique identification and actual riding information with the bus unique identification; the center also accomplishes the following tasks:

the task a comprises the following steps: receiving an exchange request sent by a general networking device controlled by a passenger through the passenger, analyzing the current planned riding information and query request of the passenger from the exchange request, and receiving actual riding information fed back by the general networking device controlled by the passenger when the passenger rides a bus; returning the query result in the task b to the passenger-operated general networking equipment;

the task b comprises the following steps: inquiring related public transportation information from a related information set according to the inquiry request of the passenger analyzed in the task a, and outputting a related inquiry result to the task a;

the task c comprises the following steps: combining the planned riding information analyzed in the task a and the waiting state set in waiting into waiting information items, and storing the waiting information items into the passenger waiting information set; for the actual vehicle-on information fed back by the passenger in the task a, finding out a waiting information item with a current available boarding relation with the bus related to the actual vehicle-on information in the waiting state in the passenger waiting information set, and updating the waiting state of the passenger related to the found information item into the waiting state of all waiting information items in the waiting state; if the actual vehicle-mounted information fed back by the passenger does not contain the unique identification of the bus taken by the passenger, the actual vehicle-mounted information is arranged into an identification-free bus running item and is stored into an identification-free bus running information set of the passenger source; if the actual bus information fed back by the passenger contains the unique identification of the bus, the actual bus information is arranged into an identified bus running information item and is stored in the identified bus running information set of the passenger source.

2. The bus information system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the bus information asynchronous exchange center comprises:

(1) the communication interface unit is used for completing the task a;

(2) the query unit is used for completing the task b;

(3) and the storage unit is used for completing the task c.

3. The bus information system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the bus information asynchronous exchange center comprises:

(1) the passenger end communication interface unit is used for completing the task a;

(3) the storage unit is used for creating a passenger waiting information set, a non-identification bus running information set of a passenger source and an identification bus running information set of the passenger source in advance, and respectively preparing and storing planned riding information sent by passengers, actual riding information without a bus unique identification and actual riding information with the bus unique identification; this unit is also used to complete the task c.

4. The bus information system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the bus participants are only of two types, passenger and bus driver and passenger, the bus information system comprising:

(2) general networking equipment for bus driver and passenger control: when the bus driver and the passenger receive the dispatching instruction of the bus, the bus driver and the passenger send a bus information exchange request to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through the equipment, and the exchange request comprises an inquiry request in a waiting bus state and dispatching information of the bus at that time; after the bus driver and the passenger start to operate the bus, sending a bus information exchange request to the bus information asynchronous exchange center through the equipment every time the bus driver and the passenger stop at one station, wherein the exchange request comprises an inquiry request under the operation state of the driver and the current bus operation information; receiving and displaying messages returned by the bus information asynchronous switching center;

(3) the bus information asynchronous exchange center is used for creating a passenger waiting information set, a bus scheduling information set of a driver and a driver source, a non-identification bus running information set of the driver source, an identification bus running information set of the passenger source and a bus running information set of the driver and the driver source in advance, and respectively preparing and storing corresponding bus information for exchange sent by passengers and the driver of the bus;

the task a comprises the following steps:

a1. communicating with passenger-operated general-purpose networked devices: receiving an exchange request from a general networking device controlled by a passenger, analyzing an inquiry request and planned riding information of the passenger, and receiving actual vehicle information fed back when the passenger takes a bus; returning the query result output in task b1 to the passenger-operated general-purpose networked device;

a2. and the communication with the general networking equipment controlled by the bus driver and the bus conductor is carried out: receiving an exchange request when a driver and a passenger receive a dispatching instruction from a general networking device controlled by the bus driver and the passenger, or an exchange request when the bus starts to operate and stops at each station, and separating out an inquiry request in a waiting-to-send state and current dispatching information of the bus, or an inquiry request in an operating state and current operating information of the bus; returning the query result output in the task b2 to the general networking equipment for the driving and taking control of the bus;

the task b comprises the following steps:

b1. inquiring related public transportation information from a corresponding information set according to the inquiry request of the passenger analyzed in the task a1, and outputting an inquiry result to a task a 1;

b2. inquiring related public transportation information from a corresponding information set according to the inquiry request of the driver and the passenger analyzed in the task a2, and outputting an inquiry result to a task a 2;

the task c comprises the following steps:

c1. analyzing planned riding information of the passengers in the task a1, arranging the planned riding information and the waiting state set in waiting into one or a group of passenger waiting information items, and storing the arranged information items into the passenger waiting information set; if the actual bus information received in the task a1 does not contain the unique identifier of the bus, the actual bus information is arranged into the operation information item of the non-identifier bus and is stored into the non-identifier bus operation information set of the passenger source; if the actual bus information contains the unique identification of the bus, the actual bus information is organized into an operation information item for identifying the bus and is stored into an identified bus operation information set of the passenger source;

c2. arranging the bus scheduling information separated out by the task a2 into scheduling information items, and storing the scheduling information items into a bus scheduling information set of the driver and passenger source; the current running information of the bus separated out in the task a2 is arranged into information items and stored in a bus running information set of a driver and a driver;

c3. when the non-identification bus running information set of the passenger source, the identification bus running information set of the passenger source or the bus running information set of the driver and passenger source are stored into a new information item, a bus waiting information item with a waiting state of waiting and a boarding relationship which can be realized at the time with the bus related to the new information item is found out from the passenger waiting information set, and the waiting state of the passengers related to the found bus waiting information item is updated to be the waiting state of all the bus waiting information items in the waiting.

5. The bus information system as set forth in claim 4, wherein the bus information asynchronous exchange center comprises:

(1) a passenger-side communication interface unit for completing said task a 1;

(2) the driver-side communication interface unit is used for completing the task a 2;

(3) a query unit for completing the task b1 and the task b 2;

(4) the storage unit is used for creating a passenger waiting information set, a bus scheduling information set of a driving source, a non-identification bus running information set of the driving source, an identification bus running information set of the passenger source and a bus running information set of the driving source in advance, and respectively preparing and storing bus information which is sent by passengers and the driving of the buses and used for being changed out; this unit also completes task c1, task c2, and task c3, described below.