CN108868723B - Double-well closed circulation underground thermoelectric power generation system and method - Google Patents
Double-well closed circulation underground thermoelectric power generation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108868723B CN108868723B CN201810524090.2A CN201810524090A CN108868723B CN 108868723 B CN108868723 B CN 108868723B CN 201810524090 A CN201810524090 A CN 201810524090A CN 108868723 B CN108868723 B CN 108868723B
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 253
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 117
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 44
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 2
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- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double-well closed circulation underground thermoelectric power generation system and method. The system comprises a wellbore A and a wellbore B which are drilled through the same stratum at the same time, a fluid circulation module and an electric energy output module. The shaft A comprises a shaft A casing, a shaft A oil pipe and a shaft A thermoelectric power generation module. The well B comprises a well B casing, a well B oil pipe and a well B thermoelectric generation module. And the shaft casing A and the shaft casing B are respectively provided with a perforation section. A space between the shaft A casing pipe and the shaft A thermoelectric power generation module forms a shaft A oil casing annulus flow channel; and the inner space of the oil pipe of the shaft A forms a flow passage of the oil pipe of the shaft A. A space between the shaft sleeve B and the shaft oil pipe B forms a shaft oil sleeve annulus flow channel B; and the inner space of the shaft B oil pipe on the inner side of the shaft B thermoelectric power generation module forms a shaft B oil pipe flow channel. The invention can provide stable electric energy supply, fully utilize medium and low temperature geothermal resources and does not influence the subsequent utilization of the produced fluid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geothermal power generation, and particularly relates to a double-well closed-cycle underground thermoelectric power generation system and method.
Background
Geothermal energy is a special resource from the earth's interior and is also a new clean energy source. Under the conditions that the current extreme climate events are frequent and energy sources are in increasing shortage, more and more people pay more attention to the reasonable development and utilization of geothermal resources. Direct utilization and geothermal power generation are two main utilization types of geothermal energy, the direct utilization comprises recuperation, cultivation, heating, industrial drying, bathing and the like, and the geothermal power generation is divided into two main types of steam type geothermal power generation and hot water type geothermal power generation according to the difference of the type, temperature, pressure and other characteristics of a heat carrier. In the utilization processes, geothermal fluid needs to be mined to the ground and then heat energy is extracted and utilized, so that potential influences such as heat pollution, noise pollution, ground settlement, earthquake activities and the like are brought to the environment. In recent years, some underground heat exchange technologies are also provided, so that the production without taking water for heat extraction is realized, and the potential environmental problem is effectively relieved to a certain extent.
The traditional geothermal power generation technology requires higher geothermal fluid temperature, which greatly limits the popularization and application of the geothermal power generation technology. In recent years, thermoelectric power generation technology has been gradually developed with the progress of semiconductor material manufacturing technology and process. The technology utilizes the Seebeck effect principle of semiconductor materials to generate electricity, no moving part is arranged in the whole power generation system, and heat energy is directly converted into electric energy by utilizing temperature difference. Some studies have shown that even with only a 10 degree celsius temperature difference between the sides of the thermoelectric generation unit, sufficient electrical energy can be generated with the thermoelectric generation unit scale up to hundreds of meters in length. The technology can be used in a low-temperature environment, power generation can be realized as long as temperature difference exists, and compared with the traditional geothermal power generation technology, the temperature application range is wider.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-well closed circulation underground thermoelectric power generation system and method by combining a thermoelectric power generation technology aiming at the technical limit of the traditional geothermal power generation method and the production characteristics of medium and low temperature heat storage in China and simultaneously considering the potential environmental problems in the existing geothermal exploitation and utilization processes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a twin-well closed circulation underground thermoelectric power generation system, which comprises: the system comprises a well bore A, a well bore B, a fluid circulation module and an electric energy output module which are drilled through the same stratum simultaneously.
Specifically, the stratum comprises an overlying stratum, an upper production layer interlayer, an upper production layer, a lower production layer interlayer and a lower production layer which are arranged below the ground surface in sequence; the overburden stratum is a thermal insulation layer; the upper production zone interlayer and the lower production zone interlayer are both impermeable compact rock layers; the upper production zone and the lower production zone are permeable rock formations filled with high-temperature geothermal fluid.
Further, the shaft A comprises a shaft A casing, a shaft A oil pipe and a shaft A thermoelectric power generation module, wherein the shaft A casing penetrates through a plurality of strata in sequence, the shaft A oil pipe is embedded in the shaft A casing, and the shaft A thermoelectric power generation module is arranged on the outer wall of the shaft A oil pipe; the part of the shaft sleeve A positioned in the upper production layer is provided with a shaft upper perforation section A; the part of the shaft sleeve A positioned on the lower production layer is provided with a shaft lower perforation section A; the top of the oil pipe of the shaft A is flush with the top of the casing pipe of the shaft A, the bottom of the oil pipe of the shaft A is positioned above the bottom of the shaft A, and a gap is reserved between the bottom of the shaft A and the bottom of the shaft A; the lower end of the well bore oil pipe A is set on the inner wall of the well bore casing pipe A positioned on the interlayer part of the lower production layer through a well bore packer A; the shaft A thermoelectric power generation module is arranged on a shaft A oil pipe above the shaft A packer, and the shaft A thermoelectric power generation module is connected with the electric energy output module through a shaft A connection cable; a space between the inner wall of the shaft A casing and the outer wall of the shaft A thermoelectric power generation module forms a shaft A oil sleeve annular flow channel; and the inner space of the oil pipe of the shaft A forms a flow passage of the oil pipe of the shaft A.
Further, the shaft B comprises a shaft B casing, a shaft B oil pipe and a shaft B thermoelectric generation module, wherein the shaft B casing penetrates through a plurality of strata in sequence, the shaft B oil pipe is embedded in the shaft B casing, and the shaft B thermoelectric generation module is arranged on the inner wall of the shaft B oil pipe; the part of the shaft sleeve B positioned in the upper production layer is provided with a hole section at the upper part of the shaft B; the part of the shaft sleeve B positioned on the lower production layer is provided with a lower perforation section of a shaft B; the top of the well bore oil pipe B is flush with the top of the well bore casing pipe B, the bottom of the well bore oil pipe B is positioned above the well bottom of the well bore B, and a gap is reserved between the bottom of the well bore B and the well bottom of the well bore B; the lower end of the well bore oil pipe B is set on the inner wall of the well bore casing pipe B positioned on the lower production zone interlayer part through a well bore packer B; the shaft B thermoelectric power generation module is arranged on a shaft B oil pipe above a shaft B packer, and is connected with the electric energy output module through a shaft B connection cable; a space between the inner wall of the well casing B and the outer wall of the well oil pipe of the well B forms a well oil casing annular flow channel of the well B; and the inner space of the shaft B oil pipe on the inner side of the shaft B thermoelectric power generation module forms a shaft B oil pipe flow channel.
Further, the fluid circulation module comprises a shaft oil sleeve ring air cooling fluid injection pipeline A, a shaft oil pipe cold fluid injection pipeline B, a cold fluid injection pump, a cold fluid outflow pipeline, a cold fluid storage container, a cold fluid inflow pipeline, a hot fluid utilization module, an oil sleeve annulus return fluid flow pipeline and an oil pipe return fluid flow pipeline; the outlet of the cold fluid injection pump is connected with the annular flow channel of the oil sleeve of the shaft A through an air cooling fluid injection pipeline of the oil sleeve ring of the shaft A, the outlet of the cold fluid injection pump is also connected with the flow channel of the oil pipe of the shaft B through a cold fluid injection pipeline of the oil pipe of the shaft B, and the inlet of the cold fluid injection pump is connected with the outlet of the cold fluid storage container through a cold fluid outflow pipeline; the inlet of the cold fluid storage container is connected with the outlet of the hot fluid utilization module through a cold fluid inflow pipeline; the inlet of the hot fluid utilization module is connected with the oil pipe flow channel of the shaft A through an oil pipe return fluid flow pipeline, and the inlet of the hot fluid utilization module is also connected with the oil pipe annular flow channel of the shaft B through an oil sleeve annular return fluid flow pipeline.
Further, the well spacing between the A wellbore and the B wellbore is not less than 300 meters.
Furthermore, the inner walls of the borehole casing A and the borehole casing B are coated with heat insulation materials.
Furthermore, the shaft A thermoelectric power generation module and the shaft B thermoelectric power generation module both comprise a plurality of groups of thermoelectric power generators which are mutually connected in series; the thermoelectric generator comprises a plurality of groups of thermoelectric generating units; the thermoelectric power generation units comprise an N-type semiconductor and a P-type semiconductor, and the N-type semiconductor and the P-type semiconductor are alternately arranged between the adjacent thermoelectric power generation units.
Furthermore, the cross sections of the wellbore casing A, the wellbore oil pipe A, the wellbore casing B, the wellbore oil pipe B, the wellbore packer A and the wellbore packer B are all circular. And the well bore oil pipe A and the well bore casing pipe A are coaxially arranged. And the well bore oil pipe B and the well bore casing pipe B are coaxially arranged. The cross sections of the shaft A thermoelectric power generation module and the shaft B thermoelectric power generation module are both circular rings
Further, the cold fluid injection pump and the cold fluid storage vessel are located on the ground.
The invention also relates to a thermoelectric power generation method adopting the double-well closed circulation underground thermoelectric power generation system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) and the cold fluid stored in the cold fluid storage container enters a cold fluid injection pump through a cold fluid outflow pipeline to be pressurized, and then enters the annular flow channel of the oil sleeve of the shaft A through the air cooling fluid injection pipeline of the oil sleeve ring of the shaft A and enters the flow channel of the oil pipe of the shaft B through the cold fluid injection pipeline of the oil pipe of the shaft B respectively.
(2) The cold fluid entering the oil casing annulus flow channel of the shaft A absorbs partial heat from the surrounding environment in the process of flowing downwards along the oil casing annulus flow channel of the shaft A, so that the temperature is increased; the temperature of cold fluid flowing downwards along the annular flow channel of the oil sleeve of the well A is not increased greatly due to the fact that the inner wall of the well A casing is coated with heat insulation materials; the cold fluid with the increased temperature enters the upper production layer through the upper perforation section of the shaft A, and displaces the high-temperature hot fluid in the upper production layer to flow to the shaft B; and the high-temperature hot fluid in the displaced upper production layer enters the B shaft oil sleeve annulus flow channel through the upper perforation section of the B shaft, flows upwards along the B shaft oil sleeve annulus flow channel until reaching the ground, and then flows into the hot fluid utilization module through the oil sleeve annulus return fluid flow pipeline.
(3) The cold fluid entering the flow channel of the oil pipe of the well B absorbs partial heat from the surrounding environment in the process of flowing downwards along the flow channel of the oil pipe of the well B, and the temperature is gradually increased; the cold fluid with the increased temperature enters the lower production layer through the lower perforation section of the shaft B, and displaces the high-temperature hot fluid in the lower production layer to flow to the shaft A; the high-temperature hot fluid in the displaced lower production zone enters the oil pipe flow channel of the A shaft through the lower perforation section of the A shaft, flows upwards along the oil pipe flow channel of the A shaft until reaching the ground surface, and then flows into the hot fluid utilization module through the oil pipe return fluid flow pipeline.
(4) And the hot fluid flowing out of the oil pipe flow channel of the shaft A and the oil sleeve annular flow channel of the shaft B is subjected to heat exchange and utilization in the hot fluid utilization module to become cold fluid, and then is subjected to further anticorrosion treatment to reach the standard that the thermoelectric power generation module of the shaft A and the thermoelectric power generation module of the shaft B cannot be corroded, and then flows into a pipeline through the cold fluid to return to the cold fluid storage container.
(5) The shaft A thermoelectric power generation module generates electric energy under the action of the temperature difference between the low-temperature fluid in the shaft A oil sleeve annular flow channel and the high-temperature fluid in the shaft A oil pipe flow channel, and the electric energy is input into the electric energy output module through a shaft A connecting cable; the shaft B thermoelectric power generation module generates electric energy under the action of the temperature difference between the low-temperature fluid in the shaft B oil pipe flow channel and the high-temperature fluid in the shaft B oil sleeve annular flow channel, and the electric energy is input into the electric energy output module through a shaft B connecting cable.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention adopts a double-well closed circulation mode to realize underground heat extraction power generation and all reinjection of produced water, and avoids potential environmental problems in the traditional geothermal production process.
(2) The invention realizes underground power generation by utilizing the thermoelectric power generation module arranged under a hydrothermal geothermal well or a high-water-content waste oil well.
(3) Two wells in the thermoelectric power generation system simultaneously penetrate through two communicated production layers, and the two wells simultaneously have the functions of injecting fluid and producing fluid, so that the downhole thermoelectric power generation module is ensured to have stable temperature difference, and the power generation stability and efficiency are improved.
(4) In the invention, the hot fluid circulated after the underground thermoelectric power generation can be recycled after ground heat exchange, thereby reducing the discharge; the heat extracted after heat exchange can be used for ground heating, cultivation, bathing and the like.
In conclusion, the invention can not only provide stable electric energy supply and fully utilize medium-low temperature geothermal resources, but also can not influence the subsequent utilization of the produced fluid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a twin-well closed cycle downhole thermoelectric power generation system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure I-I' of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the sectional structure II-II' of FIG. 1.
Wherein:
101. a lower production zone, 102, a lower production zone interval, 103, an upper production zone, 104, an upper production zone interval, 105, an overburden, 106, a wellbore, 107, B wellbore, 108, a wellbore bottom, 109, B wellbore bottom, 201, a wellbore lower perforated section, 202, a wellbore upper perforated section, 203, B wellbore lower perforated section, 204, B wellbore upper perforated section, 301, a wellbore packer, 302, B wellbore packer, 401, a wellbore casing, 402, a wellbore tubing, 403, B wellbore casing, 404, B wellbore tubing, 501, a wellbore thermoelectric generation module, 502, B wellbore thermoelectric generation module, 601, a wellbore oil casing annulus flow channel, 602, a wellbore oil tubing flow channel, 603, B wellbore oil casing annulus flow channel, 604, B wellbore oil tubing flow channel, 800, fluid circulation module, 801, a wellbore oil collar air-cooled fluid injection line, 802. the system comprises a well bore oil pipe B, a cold fluid injection pipeline 803, a cold fluid injection pump 804, a cold fluid outflow pipeline 805, a cold fluid storage container 809, a cold fluid inflow pipeline 806, a hot fluid utilization module 807, an oil sleeve annulus return fluid flow pipeline 808, an oil pipe return fluid flow pipeline 901, a well bore connection cable A, a well bore connection cable 902, a well bore connection cable B, 903 and an electric energy output module.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
a twin-well closed-cycle downhole thermoelectric power generation system as shown in fig. 1, comprising: a wellbore a 106 and a wellbore B107 drilled through the same formation at the same time, a fluid circulation module 800, and an electrical energy export module 903.
Specifically, lower productive zone 101 and upper productive zone 103 are buried several kilometers deep. From the lower production zone 101 up to the surface, there is sequentially a lower production zone barrier 102, an upper production zone 103, an upper production zone barrier 104 and an overburden 105. The lower productive layer 101 is composed of a permeable rock layer of several meters, tens of meters, or hundreds of meters, and is filled with high-temperature geothermal fluid. The lower production zone barrier 102 is comprised of an impermeable tight rock layer of several or tens of meters in which fluid cannot flow and heat is transferred by conduction to the surrounding environment. The upper production zone 103 is composed of a permeable rock layer of several meters, tens of meters, or hundreds of meters, and is filled with high-temperature geothermal fluid. The upper production zone barrier 104 is comprised of an impermeable tight rock layer of several or tens of meters in which fluid cannot flow and heat is transferred by conduction to the surrounding environment. The overburden 105 is a thermal insulation layer such as sedimentary rock or soil covered from above the upper production layer interlayer 104 to the ground surface. The formation temperature has a decreasing trend along lower producing zone 101, lower producing zone barrier 102, upper producing zone 103, upper producing zone barrier 104, and overburden 105.
Further, the a wellbore 106 and the B wellbore 107 are perforated structures drilled through the same formation simultaneously, sequentially from top to bottom through the overburden 105, the upper production zone barrier 104, the upper production zone 103, the lower production zone barrier 102 and the lower production zone 101, and are cemented to the a wellbore bottom 108 and the B wellbore bottom 109 by the lower a wellbore casing 401 and the B wellbore casing 402, respectively, and are tightly cemented to the overburden 105, the upper production zone barrier 104, the upper production zone 103, the lower production zone barrier 102 and the lower production zone 101 and isolated from formation fluids. The inner wall surfaces of wellbore casing a 401 and wellbore casing B402 are coated with a thermally insulating material. The part of the A shaft 106 in the lower production zone 101 is completed by adopting a perforation completion mode, a lower perforation section 201 of the A shaft is formed, and a flow channel is provided for high-temperature geothermal fluid of the lower production zone 101 to enter the lower space of the A shaft 106. The portion of the a wellbore 106 in the upper production zone 103 is completed with a perforated completion to form an upper perforated section 202 of the a wellbore to provide a flow path for injection fluids from the upper space of the a wellbore 106 into the upper production zone 103. The portion of the B wellbore 107 in the lower production zone 101 is completed with a perforated completion to form a lower perforated section 203 of the B wellbore to provide a flow path for injection fluids from the lower volume of the B wellbore 107 into the lower production zone 101. The portion of the B-well bore 107 in the upper production zone 103 is completed with a perforated completion to form an upper perforated section 204 of the B-well bore to provide a flow path for the high temperature geothermal fluids of the upper production zone 103 to enter the upper volume of the B-well bore 107. The lower perforated section 201 of the a wellbore may fully or partially perforate the lower producing zone 101 in the a wellbore 106. The upper perforated section 202 of the a wellbore may fully or partially perforate the upper production zone 103 in the a wellbore 106. The B wellbore lower perforated section 203 may fully or partially perforate the lower productive zone 101 in the B wellbore 107. The B wellbore upper perforated section 204 may fully or partially perforate the upper production zone 103 in the B wellbore 107.
An a wellbore tubing 402 is run from the a wellbore casing 401, set on the a wellbore casing 401 by an a wellbore packer 301, set near or within the lower production zone barrier 102 of the a wellbore 106. The setting of the A wellbore packer 301 near the lower production zone barrier 102 of the A wellbore 106 or within the range of the lower production zone barrier 102 means that the A wellbore packer 301 can effectively isolate the lower perforation zone 201 of the A wellbore from the upper perforation zone 202 of the A wellbore after being set according to the position, the spacing distance and the perforation length between the perforation zone 201 and the perforation zone 202 of the A wellbore 106, so that fluid channeling cannot occur between the lower perforation zone 201 of the A wellbore and the upper perforation zone 202 of the A wellbore. The bottom outlet of a wellbore tubing 402 passes through a wellbore packer 301 and extends into the lower wellbore space within the lower production zone 101 of a wellbore 106. Well bore a thermoelectric generation module 501 is closely disposed on the outer wall of well bore a tubing 402 and is lowered into well bore a casing 401 with well bore a tubing 402. The outer side of the A well bore thermoelectric generation module 501 and the inner wall of the A well bore casing 401 form a well bore oil casing annulus flow channel 601. The interior space of a-wellbore tubing 402 forms a-wellbore tubing flow channel 602.
Further, the fluid circulation module 800 includes an a wellbore oil collar air cooling fluid injection line 801, a B wellbore tubing cold fluid injection line 802, a cold fluid injection pump 803, a cold fluid outflow line 804, a cold fluid storage vessel 805, a cold fluid inflow line 809, a hot fluid utilization module 806, an oil collar annulus return fluid flow line 807, and a tubing return fluid flow line 808. The cold fluid injection pump 803 and the cold fluid storage vessel 805 are located at the surface, and the cold fluid injection pump 803 is connected to the cold fluid storage vessel 805 by a cold fluid outflow line 804. The cold fluid injection pump 803 is connected to the a wellbore oil casing annulus flow passage 601 in the a wellbore 106 via an a wellbore oil collar air cooled fluid injection line 801. The cold fluid injection pump 803 is connected to the B wellbore tubing flow passage 604 in the B wellbore 107 via a B wellbore tubing cold fluid injection line 802. Cold fluid injection pump 803 pressurizes cold fluid from cold fluid storage vessel 805 and injects the pressurized cold fluid through B wellbore tubing cold fluid injection line 802 into B wellbore tubing flow passage 604 in B wellbore 107.
The working principle of the system is as follows:
a cold fluid injection pump 803 pressurizes cold fluid from a cold fluid storage vessel 805 and injects the pressurized cold fluid through an a well bore oil jacket air cooling fluid injection line 801 into the a well bore oil jacket annulus flow passage 601 in the a well bore 106. The pressurized cold fluid flows down the a wellbore oil casing annulus flow channel 601 and from the upper perforation zone 202 of the a wellbore in the upper production zone 103 of the a wellbore 106 into the upper production zone 103, displacing high temperature formation fluid in the upper production zone 103 towards the B wellbore 107. High temperature formation fluids in the upper production zone 103 pass from the upper perforated section 204 of the B wellbore in the upper production zone 103 of the B wellbore 107 into the B wellbore oil casing annulus flow passage 603 of the B wellbore 107 and up out to the surface. In the a well bore oil jacket annulus flow channel 601 in the a well bore 106 is a downward flow of cold fluid injected through the a well bore oil jacket ring air cooling fluid injection line 801. Because the inner wall of the a-wellbore casing 401 is coated with a thermally insulating material, the cold fluid injected through the a-wellbore oil jacket ring air-cooling fluid injection line 801 absorbs less heat from the surrounding environment during the downward flow along the a-wellbore oil jacket annulus flow channel 601, and is maintained at a lower temperature level, forming a cold end of the a-wellbore thermoelectric generation module 501 in the a-wellbore 106. In a well bore oil conduit flow path 602 in a well bore 106 is the high temperature formation fluid from lower production zone 101 flowing up, which maintains a higher temperature level during flow up well bore oil conduit flow path 602, forming the high temperature hot side of a well bore thermoelectric generation module 501 in a well bore 106. The borehole a thermoelectric power generation module 501 realizes the downhole thermoelectric power generation of the borehole a 106 under the action of the temperature difference between the high-temperature formation fluid in the borehole a oil pipe flow passage 602 and the low-temperature injection fluid in the borehole a oil jacket annular flow passage 601.
The pressurized cold fluid flows down the B wellbore tubing flow path 604 from the B wellbore lower perforated section 203 in the lower production zone 101 of the B wellbore 107 into the lower production zone 101, displacing high temperature formation fluids in the lower production zone 101 towards the a wellbore 106. High temperature formation fluids in lower production zone 101 pass from a wellbore perforation zone 201 in lower production zone 101 of a wellbore 106 into a wellbore tubing flow passage 602 of a wellbore 106 and up out of the surface. In the B wellbore tubing flow passage 604 in the B wellbore 107 is a downward flow of cold fluid injected through a B wellbore tubing cold fluid injection line 802. The cold fluid injected through the B-wellbore tubing cold fluid injection line 802 absorbs less heat from the surrounding environment during its downward flow along the B-wellbore tubing flow path 604 and thus remains at a lower temperature level, forming a low temperature cold end of the B-wellbore thermoelectric generation module 502 in the B-wellbore 107; the high temperature formation fluid from the upper production zone 103 flows upward in the B wellbore oil casing annulus flow path 603 in the B wellbore 107, and is maintained at a higher temperature level during the upward flow along the B wellbore oil casing annulus flow path 603, forming a high temperature hot end of the thermoelectric generation module 502 in the B wellbore 107. The B wellbore thermoelectric generation module 502 realizes downhole thermoelectric generation of the B wellbore 107 under the effect of a temperature difference between high temperature formation fluid in the B wellbore oil casing annulus flow channel 603 and low temperature injection fluid in the B wellbore oil pipe flow channel 604.
The hot fluid from the lower production zone 101 flowing from the a wellbore tubing flow path 602 enters the hot fluid utilization module 806 through tubing return fluid flow line 808. Hot fluid from the upper production zone 103 flowing from the B wellbore oil casing annulus flow path 603 enters the hot fluid utilization module 806 through the oil casing annulus return fluid flow line 807. The hot fluid flowing out of the a wellbore oil pipe flow passage 602 and the B wellbore oil casing annulus flow passage 603 is changed into cold fluid after being sufficiently heat-exchanged and utilized in the hot fluid utilization module 806, is further subjected to corrosion prevention treatment to prevent corrosion to the a wellbore thermoelectric power generation module 501 and the B wellbore thermoelectric power generation module 502, and then enters the cold fluid storage container 805 through the cold fluid inflow pipeline 809.
In summary, the wellbore oil casing annulus flow channel 601, the upper production zone 103, the wellbore oil casing annulus flow channel 603, the oil casing annulus return fluid flow line 807, the hot fluid utilization module 806, the cold fluid inflow line 809, the cold fluid storage vessel 805, the cold fluid outflow line 804, the cold fluid injection pump 803, and the wellbore oil casing air cooling fluid injection line 801 together form a first closed fluid circulation system. The B wellbore tubing flow path 604, the lower production zone 101, the a wellbore tubing flow path 602, the tubing return fluid flow line 808, the hot fluid utilization module 806, the cold fluid inflow line 809, the cold fluid storage reservoir 805, the cold fluid outflow line 804, the cold fluid injection pump 803, and the B wellbore tubing cold fluid injection line 802 together form a second closed fluid circulation system. The first closed fluid circulation system provides a low-temperature cold end for the wellbore thermoelectric generation module 501 and a high-temperature hot end for the wellbore thermoelectric generation module 502. The second closed fluid circulation system provides a high-temperature hot end for the thermoelectric power generation module 501 of the shaft A and provides a low-temperature cold end for the thermoelectric power generation module 502 of the shaft B; thereby enabling both wellbore a 106 and wellbore B107 to simultaneously achieve downhole thermoelectric power generation.
Further, the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric generation module 501 is connected with the electric energy output module 903 through a shaft a connection cable 901, and the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric generation module 502 is connected with the electric energy output module 903 through a shaft B connection cable 902; power is provided to the user through the power take-off module 903. The thermoelectric power generation module 501 and the thermoelectric power generation module 502 are respectively formed by connecting a plurality of thermoelectric power generators in series. The plurality of groups of thermoelectric generators can be 1 group, 10 groups, 100 groups, or any plurality of groups. The thermoelectric generator is formed by assembling a plurality of N-type semiconductors and a plurality of P-type semiconductors in an alternating and paired arrangement mode; one N-type semiconductor and one P-type semiconductor constitute one thermoelectric power generation unit. The number of the N-type semiconductors and the number of the P-type semiconductors can be 1, 10, 100 or any number; the number of the N-type semiconductors is equal to that of the P-type semiconductors.
Further, the cold fluid is a fluid which is produced by the geothermal fluid produced by the upper production zone 103 and the lower production zone 101, is cooled after heat exchange and utilization by the thermal fluid utilization module 806, and does not have a corrosion effect on the thermoelectric power generation modules 501 in the wellbore A106 and the thermoelectric power generation modules 502 in the wellbore B107 after being further subjected to corrosion prevention treatment.
Further, a well spacing is maintained between the A wellbore 106 and the B wellbore 107; the certain well spacing can be 300 meters, 400 meters and 500 meters, and can also be any distance larger than 300 meters.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the cross-sections of a wellbore casing 401, a wellbore tubing 402, B wellbore casing 403, B wellbore tubing 404, a wellbore packer 301, and B wellbore packer 302 are all circular. The a wellbore tubing 402 is disposed coaxially with a wellbore casing 403. The B wellbore tubing 404 is disposed coaxially with the B wellbore casing 403. The cross sections of the shaft A thermoelectric generation module 501 and the shaft B thermoelectric generation module 502 are both circular rings.
The invention relates to a method for realizing a double-well closed circulation underground thermoelectric power generation system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) two high-temperature hydrothermal geothermal wells or high-water-content waste oil wells drilled through two same production zones simultaneously are selected from the A wellbore 106 and the B wellbore 107, and a certain well spacing is kept between the two wells of the A wellbore 106 and the B wellbore 107.
(2) Based on the thickness of the lower and upper production zones 101, 103 drilled through simultaneously by the a and B wellbores 106, 107 and the thickness of the lower and upper production zone barriers 102, 104, a perforation plan is designed and the lower and upper production zones 101, 103 are perforated, respectively.
(3) The A wellbore oil pipe 402 with the A wellbore thermoelectric generation module 501 fixedly connected to the outer wall is placed into the well from the A wellbore casing 401, the A wellbore packer 301 is used for setting near the lower production zone 102 or in the range of the lower production zone 102, the A wellbore packer 301 is guaranteed to be capable of effectively isolating the A wellbore lower perforation section 201 from the A wellbore upper perforation section 202 after setting, and fluid channeling cannot occur between the A wellbore lower perforation section 201 and the A wellbore upper perforation section 202.
(4) And (3) putting a B wellbore oil pipe 404 with a B wellbore thermoelectric generation module 502 fixedly connected to the inner wall into the well from a B wellbore casing 403, and setting the B wellbore packer 302 near the lower production zone 102 or in the range of the lower production zone 102 to ensure that the B wellbore packer 302 can effectively isolate the B wellbore lower perforation section 203 from the B wellbore upper perforation section 204 after setting, so that fluid channeling cannot occur between the B wellbore lower perforation section 203 and the B wellbore upper perforation section 204.
(5) The B well bore oil sleeve annulus flow channel 603 is connected with an oil sleeve annulus return fluid flow pipeline 807, then a hot fluid utilization module 806, a cold fluid inflow pipeline 809, a cold fluid storage container 805, a cold fluid outflow pipeline 804, a cold fluid injection pump 803 and an A well bore oil sleeve ring air cooling fluid injection pipeline 801 are sequentially connected, and the A well bore oil sleeve ring air cooling fluid injection pipeline 801 is connected with the A well bore oil sleeve annulus flow channel 601. Connecting the a wellbore tubing flow channel 602 to a thermal fluid utilization module 806 via a tubing return fluid flow line 808; connecting the B wellbore tubing flow passage 604 to a cold fluid injection pump 803 via a B wellbore tubing cold fluid injection line 802; thereby forming two closed fluid circulation systems with the upper production zone 103 and the lower production zone 101.
(6) The shaft A thermoelectric power generation module 501 is connected with the electric energy output module 903 through a shaft A connection cable 901, and the shaft B thermoelectric power generation module 502 is connected with the electric energy output module 903 through a shaft B connection cable 902, so that a circuit system is formed.
(7) The cold fluid stored in the cold fluid storage vessel 805 enters the cold fluid injection pump 803 through the cold fluid outflow line 804 to be pressurized, and then enters the a wellbore oil casing annulus flow channel 601 through the a wellbore oil casing ring air cooling fluid injection line 801 and enters the B wellbore oil pipe flow channel 604 through the B wellbore oil pipe cold fluid injection line 802.
(8) The cold fluid entering the a wellbore oil casing annulus flow channel 601 absorbs a portion of the heat from the surrounding environment and increases in temperature as it flows down the a wellbore oil casing annulus flow channel 601. Because the inner wall of the a wellbore casing 401 is coated with an insulating material, the temperature of the cold fluid flowing down the a wellbore oil casing annulus flow channel 601 does not increase to a significant extent. The cold fluid after the temperature increase enters the upper production zone 103 through the upper perforation section 202 of the a wellbore, and displaces the high temperature hot fluid in the upper production zone 103 to flow to the B wellbore 107. The displaced high temperature hot fluid in the upper production zone 103 enters the B wellbore oil casing annulus flow path 603 through the B wellbore upper perforated section 204 and flows up the B wellbore oil casing annulus flow path 603 to the surface, and then flows through the oil casing annulus return fluid flow line 807 into the hot fluid utilization module 806.
(9) The cold fluid entering the B wellbore tubing flow path 604 absorbs some of the heat from the surrounding environment as it flows down the B wellbore tubing flow path 604, and the temperature gradually increases. The cold fluid after temperature increase enters the lower production zone 101 through the lower perforated section 203 of the B wellbore, displacing the hot fluid at high temperature in the lower production zone 101 to flow towards the a wellbore 106. The high temperature thermal fluid in the displaced lower production zone 101 enters the a wellbore tubing flow path 602 through the a wellbore lower perforated section 201 and flows up the a wellbore tubing flow path 602 until reaching the surface, and then flows through tubing return fluid flow line 808 into the thermal fluid utilization module 806.
(10) The hot fluid flowing out of the a wellbore oil pipe flow passage 602 and the B wellbore oil casing annulus flow passage 603 is changed into cold fluid through heat exchange and utilization in the hot fluid utilization module 806, and is returned to the cold fluid storage container 804 through the cold fluid inflow pipeline 805 after further antiseptic treatment and reaching the standard that no corrosive effect is generated on the a wellbore thermoelectric power generation module 501 and the B wellbore thermoelectric power generation module 502.
(11) The a-wellbore thermoelectric generation module 501 generates electric energy under the action of the temperature difference between the low-temperature fluid in the a-wellbore oil casing annulus flow channel 601 and the high-temperature fluid in the a-wellbore oil pipe flow channel 602, and inputs the electric energy to the electric energy output module 903 through the a-wellbore junction cable 901. The B wellbore thermoelectric generation module 502 generates electrical energy under the effect of the temperature difference between the low temperature fluid in the B wellbore tubing flow path 604 and the high temperature fluid in the B wellbore oil casing annulus flow path 603, and inputs the electrical energy to the electrical energy export module 903 through the B wellbore docking cable 902.
Claims (7)
1. Twin-well closed cycle downhole thermoelectric power generation system, comprising: the system comprises a shaft A, a shaft B, a fluid circulation module and an electric energy output module, wherein the shaft A and the shaft B are drilled through the same stratum simultaneously;
the stratum comprises an overburden stratum, an upper production layer interlayer, an upper production layer, a lower production layer interlayer and a lower production layer which are arranged below the ground surface in sequence; the overburden stratum is a thermal insulation layer; the upper production zone interlayer and the lower production zone interlayer are both impermeable compact rock layers; the upper production layer and the lower production layer are permeable rock layers filled with high-temperature geothermal fluid;
the shaft A comprises a shaft A casing, a shaft A oil pipe and a shaft A thermoelectric power generation module, wherein the shaft A casing penetrates through a plurality of strata in sequence, the shaft A oil pipe is embedded in the shaft A casing, and the shaft A thermoelectric power generation module is arranged on the outer wall of the shaft A oil pipe; the part of the shaft sleeve A positioned in the upper production layer is provided with a shaft upper perforation section A; the part of the shaft sleeve A positioned on the lower production layer is provided with a shaft lower perforation section A; the top of the oil pipe of the shaft A is flush with the top of the casing pipe of the shaft A, the bottom of the oil pipe of the shaft A is positioned above the bottom of the shaft A, and a gap is reserved between the bottom of the shaft A and the bottom of the shaft A; the lower end of the well bore oil pipe A is set on the inner wall of the well bore casing pipe A positioned on the interlayer part of the lower production layer through a well bore packer A; the shaft A thermoelectric power generation module is arranged on a shaft A oil pipe above the shaft A packer, and the shaft A thermoelectric power generation module is connected with the electric energy output module through a shaft A connection cable; a space between the inner wall of the shaft A casing and the outer wall of the shaft A thermoelectric power generation module forms a shaft A oil sleeve annular flow channel; the inner space of the oil pipe of the shaft A forms a flow passage of the oil pipe of the shaft A;
the shaft B comprises a shaft B casing, a shaft B oil pipe and a shaft B thermoelectric generation module, wherein the shaft B casing penetrates through a plurality of strata in sequence, the shaft B oil pipe is embedded in the shaft B casing, and the shaft B thermoelectric generation module is arranged on the inner wall of the shaft B oil pipe; the part of the shaft sleeve B positioned in the upper production layer is provided with a hole section at the upper part of the shaft B; the part of the shaft sleeve B positioned on the lower production layer is provided with a lower perforation section of a shaft B; the top of the well bore oil pipe B is flush with the top of the well bore casing pipe B, the bottom of the well bore oil pipe B is positioned above the well bottom of the well bore B, and a gap is reserved between the bottom of the well bore B and the well bottom of the well bore B; the lower end of the well bore oil pipe B is set on the inner wall of the well bore casing pipe B positioned on the lower production zone interlayer part through a well bore packer B; the shaft B thermoelectric power generation module is arranged on a shaft B oil pipe above a shaft B packer, and is connected with the electric energy output module through a shaft B connection cable; a space between the inner wall of the well casing B and the outer wall of the well oil pipe of the well B forms a well oil casing annular flow channel of the well B; the inner space of the shaft B oil pipe on the inner side of the shaft B thermoelectric power generation module forms a shaft B oil pipe flow channel;
the fluid circulation module comprises a shaft A oil sleeve ring air cooling fluid injection pipeline, a shaft B oil pipe cold fluid injection pipeline, a cold fluid injection pump, a cold fluid outflow pipeline, a cold fluid storage container, a cold fluid inflow pipeline, a hot fluid utilization module, an oil sleeve annulus return fluid flow pipeline and an oil pipe return fluid flow pipeline; the outlet of the cold fluid injection pump is connected with the annular flow channel of the oil sleeve of the shaft A through an air cooling fluid injection pipeline of the oil sleeve ring of the shaft A, the outlet of the cold fluid injection pump is also connected with the flow channel of the oil pipe of the shaft B through a cold fluid injection pipeline of the oil pipe of the shaft B, and the inlet of the cold fluid injection pump is connected with the outlet of the cold fluid storage container through a cold fluid outflow pipeline; the inlet of the cold fluid storage container is connected with the outlet of the hot fluid utilization module through a cold fluid inflow pipeline; the inlet of the hot fluid utilization module is connected with the oil pipe flow channel of the shaft A through an oil pipe return fluid flow pipeline, and the inlet of the hot fluid utilization module is also connected with the oil pipe annular flow channel of the shaft B through an oil sleeve annular return fluid flow pipeline.
2. The dual well closed cycle downhole thermoelectric power generation system of claim 1, wherein the well spacing between the a and B wellbores is no less than 300 meters.
3. The dual well closed cycle downhole thermoelectric generation system of claim 1, wherein the inner walls of both the a and B wellbore casings are coated with a thermally insulating material.
4. The twin-well closed-cycle downhole thermoelectric generation system of claim 1, wherein the a-wellbore thermoelectric generation module and the B-wellbore thermoelectric generation module each comprise sets of thermoelectric generators connected in series with each other; the thermoelectric generator comprises a plurality of groups of thermoelectric generating units; the thermoelectric power generation units comprise an N-type semiconductor and a P-type semiconductor, and the N-type semiconductor and the P-type semiconductor are alternately arranged between the adjacent thermoelectric power generation units.
5. The dual well closed cycle downhole thermoelectric power generation system of claim 1, wherein: the cross sections of the wellbore casing A, the wellbore oil pipe A, the wellbore casing B, the wellbore oil pipe B, the wellbore packer A and the wellbore packer B are all circular; the well bore oil pipe A and the well bore casing pipe A are coaxially arranged; the well bore oil pipe B and the well bore casing pipe B are coaxially arranged; the cross sections of the shaft A thermoelectric power generation module and the shaft B thermoelectric power generation module are both circular.
6. The dual well closed cycle downhole thermoelectric power generation system of claim 1, wherein the cold fluid injection pump and cold fluid storage vessel are both located on the surface.
7. A thermoelectric power generation method using the twin-well closed-cycle downhole thermoelectric power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) the cold fluid stored in the cold fluid storage container enters a cold fluid injection pump through a cold fluid outflow pipeline to be pressurized, and then enters a shaft A oil sleeve annular flow channel through a shaft A oil sleeve ring air cooling fluid injection pipeline and enters a shaft B oil pipe flow channel through a shaft B oil pipe cold fluid injection pipeline respectively;
(2) the cold fluid entering the oil casing annulus flow channel of the shaft A absorbs partial heat from the surrounding environment in the process of flowing downwards along the oil casing annulus flow channel of the shaft A, so that the temperature is increased; the temperature of cold fluid flowing downwards along the annular flow channel of the oil sleeve of the well A is not increased greatly due to the fact that the inner wall of the well A casing is coated with heat insulation materials; the cold fluid with the increased temperature enters the upper production layer through the upper perforation section of the shaft A, and displaces the high-temperature hot fluid in the upper production layer to flow to the shaft B; the high-temperature hot fluid in the upper production layer which is displaced enters a shaft B oil sleeve annulus flow channel through a hole section at the upper part of a shaft B, flows upwards along the shaft B oil sleeve annulus flow channel until reaching the ground, and then flows into a hot fluid utilization module through an oil sleeve annulus return fluid flow pipeline;
(3) the cold fluid entering the flow channel of the oil pipe of the well B absorbs partial heat from the surrounding environment in the process of flowing downwards along the flow channel of the oil pipe of the well B, and the temperature is gradually increased; the cold fluid with the increased temperature enters the lower production layer through the lower perforation section of the shaft B, and displaces the high-temperature hot fluid in the lower production layer to flow to the shaft A; the high-temperature hot fluid in the displaced lower production layer enters the oil pipe flow channel of the shaft A through the lower perforation section of the shaft A, flows upwards along the oil pipe flow channel of the shaft A until reaching the ground, and then returns out of a fluid flow pipeline through the oil pipe to flow into the hot fluid utilization module;
(4) the hot fluid flowing out of the oil pipe flow channel of the shaft A and the oil sleeve annular flow channel of the shaft B is subjected to heat exchange and utilization in the hot fluid utilization module to become cold fluid, and then is subjected to further anticorrosion treatment to reach the standard that the thermoelectric power generation module of the shaft A and the thermoelectric power generation module of the shaft B cannot be corroded, and then the cold fluid flows into a pipeline to return to a cold fluid storage container;
(5) the shaft A thermoelectric power generation module generates electric energy under the action of the temperature difference between the low-temperature fluid in the shaft A oil sleeve annular flow channel and the high-temperature fluid in the shaft A oil pipe flow channel, and the electric energy is input into the electric energy output module through a shaft A connecting cable; the shaft B thermoelectric power generation module generates electric energy under the action of the temperature difference between the low-temperature fluid in the shaft B oil pipe flow channel and the high-temperature fluid in the shaft B oil sleeve annular flow channel, and the electric energy is input into the electric energy output module through a shaft B connecting cable.
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| CN111237146B (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-08-24 | 西南石油大学 | Geothermal branch well constant temperature difference power generation system |
| CN111306821B (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2021-10-29 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Clean and efficient development system and method for geothermal resources |
| CN112539045A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-23 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Underground temperature difference power generation system based on vortex tube and power generation method and design implementation method thereof |
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