CN108867810A - A kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system - Google Patents

A kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108867810A
CN108867810A CN201810892617.7A CN201810892617A CN108867810A CN 108867810 A CN108867810 A CN 108867810A CN 201810892617 A CN201810892617 A CN 201810892617A CN 108867810 A CN108867810 A CN 108867810A
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China
Prior art keywords
plastic tube
pollution
tea place
area source
control system
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CN201810892617.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108867810B (en
Inventor
黄蔚
陈开宁
马书占
刘成
李恒鹏
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Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology of CAS
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Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology of CAS
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03FSEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F1/00Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03BINSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B11/00Arrangements or adaptations of tanks for water supply
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03BINSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B7/00Water main or service pipe systems
    • E03B7/07Arrangement of devices, e.g. filters, flow controls, measuring devices, siphons or valves, in the pipe systems
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03BINSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B7/00Water main or service pipe systems
    • E03B7/07Arrangement of devices, e.g. filters, flow controls, measuring devices, siphons or valves, in the pipe systems
    • E03B7/074Arrangement of water treatment devices
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03FSEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F3/00Sewer pipe-line systems
    • E03F3/04Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03FSEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F5/00Sewerage structures
    • E03F5/10Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system, including rainwater-collecting flow guide system and drip irrigation system;The rainwater-collecting flow guide system includes plastic tube, tee tube, water storage container, drain header road and the sedimentation basin of regulating and storing of surface fluting;The plastic tube is fixed on slope by support of pipelines, and plastic tube transverse section is buried in the earth;Plastics pipe end connects drain header road by tee tube, and tee tube branch pipe connects water storage container;Drain header road end connects sedimentation basin of regulating and storing;The drip irrigation system includes filter, valve and droping irrigating pipe, and the filter is set in water storage container, and filter water outlet connects droping irrigating pipe by valve;The droping irrigating pipe is set to below plastic tube.System of the invention can effectively intercept the rainwash of tea place initial rainwater generation, and recycle to the nutrient in initial rainwater, cut down sloping fields tea garden pollution of area source.

Description

A kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment engineering technology, and in particular to a kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system.
Background technique
Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces area tea place landform is based on Hills, and the coverage of natural vegetation is high, in terms of regional ecological safety Play important function.Recently as the development of social economy, people contradiction get worse.Local government is in order to promote agriculture Industry sustainable development launches respectively the policy for encouraging Hills exploitation, national Tea planting area is caused to dramatically increase.Hilly ground Area's terrain slope is big, and the exploitation of large area causes vegetation coverage to reduce, soil erosion aggravates.《World's Tea Industry blue book:The world Tea Industry development report(2017)》Since pointing out this century, world's tea industry is fast-developing, and tea place cultivated area and tea yield are big Width increases.It is counted according to International Tea Committee, China is that maximum Tea planting state and tea place area speedup be most in the world Fast country, tea place area in 2014 are 2,650,000 hectares, increase by 1,560,000 hectares than 2000, and amplification is up to 143%.Mountain area soil Relatively barren, in order to obtain higher tea yield, tea grower often applies a large amount of chemical fertilizer.It applies fertilizers scientifically due to lacking, tea place chemical fertilizer Utilization efficiency is more low, and the agriculture nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate in China is only 30% or so at present, and phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency is 10%~25%, and Tea place is all located at mountain area, and N,P use efficiency is lower.This will be far below the level of World Developed Countries 60%~70%, utilization rate of fertilizer It is lower, mean that loss of chemical fertilizer rate is higher, a large amount of chemical fertilizer imports downstream with rainwash, causes serious pollution of area source.Face Source pollution is the one of the major reasons for leading to water eutrophication.
For the agricultural non-point source pollution of plains region, environmental worker has developed a variety of Ecological Measures control nitrogen and phosphorus loss; However tea place face source is cut down with certain particularity:Tea tree suitable planting both meets the environmental requirement of growth of tea plant in hillside fields, The drainability in tea place can be enhanced again.The entire growth cycle in tea place needs to be continuously applied to fertilizer, and is requiring drainage good Tea place, rainfall can quickly form rainwash, and the fertilizer of application is washed away, and fertilizer loss had not only increased the investment in tea place, but also band Serious water pollution is carried out.Pollutional load highest in the runoff of the generation of initial rainwater, because initial rainwater has incorporated in air The elements such as nitrogen phosphorus, the nutrient of weakly stable largely dissolves out at rainfall initial stage with rainwash in the slope soil of tea place.From money The angle that source recycles, the rainwash that initial rainwater generates are rich in nutrient, are a kind of important fertilizer, if can be work Object utilizes, escapable cost.Economic tea place pollution of area source control system is established, runoff yield is reduced, is able to achieve light rain and does not go out Garden, moderate rain can store, heavy rain can be arranged, and to improving utilization rate of fertilizer, reducing nutrient loss, have important practice significance.
Summary of the invention
Tea place rainwash is handled to solve the problems, such as to lack in prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide A kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system effectively intercepts the rainwash that tea place initial rainwater generates, and to initial rainwater In nutrient recycled, cut down sloping fields tea garden pollution of area source.
What above-mentioned purpose of the invention was realized in:
A kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system, including rainwater-collecting flow guide system and drip irrigation system;
The rainwater-collecting flow guide system includes plastic tube, tee tube, water storage container, drain header road and the tune of surface fluting Store sedimentation basin;The plastic tube is fixed on slope by support of pipelines, and plastic tube transverse section is buried in the earth;Plastic tube end End connects drain header road by tee tube, and tee tube branch pipe connects water storage container;Drain header road end connects precipitating of regulating and storing Pond;
The drip irrigation system includes filter, valve and droping irrigating pipe, and the filter is set in water storage container, and filter goes out Droping irrigating pipe is connected by valve at the mouth of a river;The droping irrigating pipe is set to below plastic tube.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the tee tube is the up-small and down-big special-shaped t-bend pipe of branch bore;Branch pipe Bottom is equipped with supporting network, places floating ball on supporting network;The float ball external diameter is slightly larger than branch pipe minimum diameter.Utilize special-shaped t-bend Pipe, floating ball and supporting network are capable of forming a valve mechanism, and after water storage container water level rises, floating ball rises with water level, block into The mouth of a river.Float ball external diameter is slightly larger than branch pipe minimum diameter, can block water inlet, generally 1cm just, float ball external diameter is excessive then The full water capacity of water storage container can be reduced.
As a further improvement of the present invention, for the plastic tube along contour lateral arrangement, plastic tube installs the gradient less than 5 Degree.Tea is often laterally planted along contour, and plastic tube installation is quick collecting rainwater, Pipe installing can cloth also parallel with contour If certain slope, the gradient is less than 5 degree.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the plastic tube is one-side gaining, and fluting direction and plastic tube cross section are flat Row.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the width of the stainless steel cloth be slightly longer than plastic tube perimeter two/ One.Further, stainless steel cloth is fixed on the plastic tube with nylon cable tie, and stainless steel cloth is avoided to shift because of water flow.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the tangent line at plastic tube fluting center is parallel with slope surface, and plastic tube is crosscutting The 1/4-1/3 in face is buried in the earth.
As a further improvement of the present invention, it is equipped with stock screw and nut in the middle part of the support of pipelines, passes through screw spiral shell Parent structure is finely adjusted the perpendicular positioning of plastic tube.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the water inlet of the droping irrigating pipe is higher than water storage container bottom 150mm.Trickle irrigation Mainly power is provided for hillside fields vegetation trickle irrigation using the high potential difference of two neighboring water storage container;Water storage container bottom may deposit Silt, therefore the water inlet of droping irrigating pipe is raised, avoid silt from invading.Further, droping irrigating pipe is arranged in fluting plastics Below pipe, fixed with nylon cable tie.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the water storage container selects Oxford plastic barrel.Oxford plastic barrel is durable, Convenient for field installation.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the water storage container bottom is equipped with mud valve.Mud valve diameter 100mm is left The right side, for periodically discharging the silt of bottom precipitation.
The branch pipe of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system of the invention, tee tube connects water storage container, collects incipiently Table runoff;Plastic tube is accessed drain header road by supervisor, and later period hillside fields rainwash is directly transferred to by drain header road Slope foot ditch is regulated and stored sedimentation basin, and erosion of the storm runoff to hillside fields is reduced.When tea place needs to pour, valve is opened, is arranged at valve Filter filters water body molecule, avoids clogging drip irrigation duct, the nutrition such as rich Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-containing to tea are supplemented using droping irrigating pipe The initial rainwater of substance.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1)Start with from the Sources decreasing of pollutant, efficiently collects the rainwash that initial rainwater is formed, it is negative to reduce pollution of area source Lotus;
(2)Resource circulation utilization re-uses the heavier rainwash of early stage pollutional load using gravitational drip irrigation system;
(3)Utilization rate of fertilizer is improved, nutrient loss is reduced, reduces the irrigation cost in tea place;
(4)During heavy rain, rainwash can flow directly into downstream sedimentation basin by drainage pipeline, reduce heavy rain to tea place hillside fields Scouring intensity.
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and of the invention shows Examples and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention for meaning property.
Fig. 1 is tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is plastic tube structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is water storage container structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is floating ball three-port structure schematic diagram;
1, fluting plastic tube;2, droping irrigating pipe;3, valve;4, floating ball threeway;5, mud valve;6, water storage container;7, drain header Road;8, it regulates and stores sedimentation basin;9, filter;10, supporting network;11, floating ball;12, stainless steel cloth;13, support of pipelines;14, threeway Pipe.
Specific embodiment
Explanation and specific embodiment are further elaborated technical solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawing.Of the invention Protection scope is not limited with specific embodiment, but is defined in the claims.
Embodiment 1
Tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system as shown in Figure 1, including rainwater-collecting flow guide system and drip irrigation system;Rainwater collection Collection flow guide system includes plastic tube 1, tee tube 14, water storage container 6, drain header road 7 and the sedimentation basin 8 of regulating and storing of surface fluting; The plastic tube 1 is fixed on slope by support of pipelines 13, and 1 transverse section of plastic tube is buried in the earth;1 end of plastic tube is logical It crosses tee tube 4 and connects drain header road 7,14 branch pipe of tee tube connects water storage container 6;It is heavy that the connection of 7 end of drain header road is regulated and stored Shallow lake pond 8.The drip irrigation system includes filter 9, valve 3 and droping irrigating pipe 2, and filter 9 is set in water storage container 6, filtering 9 water outlet of device connects droping irrigating pipe 2 by valve 3;The droping irrigating pipe 2 is set to the lower section of plastic tube 1, with nylon cable tie plus With fixation.
As shown in Fig. 2, covering stainless steel cloth 12 above fluting plastic tube 1.Plastic tube 1 slot along contour transverse direction cloth It sets, is fixed on slope using support of pipelines 13.The plastic tube 1 is one-side gaining, and fluting direction and 1 cross section of plastic tube are flat Row.Stainless steel cloth 12 is covered above 1 otch of plastic tube, the width of stainless steel cloth 12 is slightly longer than the two of 1 perimeter of plastic tube / mono-, it is wrapped in the demifacet of plastic tube 1, bulky grain rubble is avoided to enter plastic tube 1 with rainwash.Stainless steel cloth 12 is used Nylon cable tie is fixed on plastic tube 1.Tea is often laterally planted along contour, and it is quick that plastic tube 1, which is installed also parallel with contour, Accumulated Rainwater, Pipe installing can lay certain slope, and the gradient is less than 5 degree.The tangent line at the fluting of plastic tube 1 center is parallel with slope surface, The 1/4-1/3 in 1 cross section of plastic tube is buried in the earth, and plastic tube 1 is fixed on slope with support of pipelines 13.13 middle part of support of pipelines For stock screw, the perpendicular positioning of plastic tube is finely adjusted in combination with nut.Floating ball threeway 4 is accessed in the end of plastic tube 1.
Floating ball threeway 4 is made of tee tube 14, floating ball 11 and supporting network 10.As shown in figure 4, tee tube 14 is branch bore Up-small and down-big special-shaped t-bend pipe;Branch bottom of the tube is equipped with supporting network 10, places floating ball 11 on supporting network 10;11 outer diameter of floating ball Slightly larger than branch pipe minimum diameter.14 branch pipe of tee tube connects water storage container 6, collects initial stage rainwash;Supervisor connects plastic tube 1 Enter drain header road 7, later period hillside fields rainwash is directly transferred to slope foot ditch by drainpipe and is regulated and stored sedimentation basin 8, reduces sudden and violent Erosion of the rain runoff to hillside fields.
Water storage container 6 selects Oxford plastic barrel, durable, installs convenient for field, 6 volume of water storage container can be according to landform It is adjusted, water storage volume is generally 2-5 tons;It is the mud valve 5 of 100mm that diameter, which is arranged, at the bottom of water storage container 6, periodically discharges bottom The silt of portion's precipitating.
When tea place needs to pour, ball valve is opened, the first of the nutriments such as rich Nitrogen-and Phosphorus-containing to tea is supplemented using droping irrigating pipe Phase rainwater, recycles rainwash.
Embodiment 2
The system constructed using embodiment 1 is carried out pollution of area source in Liyang City of Jiangsu Province tea place hillside fields and controls engineering.
Two 1 slope aspect distance interval 6-8m of plastic tube in the present embodiment;The diameter of fluting plastic tube 1 is 100-150mm, modeling Expects pipe 1 is one-side gaining, and slotting length is 50-75 mm, width 8-10 mm, 5 mm of slot interval, and fluting direction and plastic tube 1 are horizontal Section is parallel.Stainless steel cloth 12, screen distance 2mm*2mm are covered above 1 otch of plastic tube.
According to tea place topography, excavates the part earthwork and steadily place water butt, at least discharge a bottom precipitation every month The silt of silt, precipitating can be layered on hillside fields nearby, provide additional nutrient for tea tree.
Filter is mainly made of the nylon wire of 100 mesh, and every month at least cleans primary filter screen.
It is run by the anniversary, the loads of nutrition range of decrease such as the middle nitrogen of hillside fields rainwash, phosphorus is more than 35%, up to 44%.It irrigates the electricity loss range of decrease and has also exceeded 20%.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system, which is characterized in that including rainwater-collecting flow guide system and drip irrigation system;
The rainwater-collecting flow guide system includes plastic tube, tee tube, water storage container, drain header road and the tune of surface fluting Store sedimentation basin;The plastic tube is fixed on slope by support of pipelines, and plastic tube transverse section is buried in the earth;Plastic tube end End connects drain header road by tee tube, and tee tube branch pipe connects water storage container;Drain header road end connects precipitating of regulating and storing Pond;
The drip irrigation system includes filter, valve and droping irrigating pipe, and the filter is set in water storage container, and filter goes out Droping irrigating pipe is connected by valve at the mouth of a river;The droping irrigating pipe is set to below plastic tube.
2. a kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tee tube is The up-small and down-big special-shaped t-bend pipe of branch bore;Branch bottom of the tube is equipped with supporting network, places floating ball on supporting network;The float ball external diameter Slightly larger than branch pipe minimum diameter.
3. a kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the plastic tube edge Contour lateral arrangement, plastic tube install the gradient less than 5 degree.
4. a kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the plastics Pipe is one-side gaining, and fluting direction is parallel with plastic tube cross section.
5. a kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the stainless steel wire The width of net is slightly longer than the half of plastic tube perimeter.
6. a kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the plastic tube is opened The tangent line of groove center is parallel with slope surface, and the 1/4-1/3 in plastic tube cross section is buried in the earth.
7. a kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the support of pipelines Middle part is equipped with stock screw and nut, is finely adjusted by perpendicular positioning of the screw nut structure to plastic tube.
8. a kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the droping irrigating pipe Water inlet be higher than water storage container bottom 150mm.
9. a kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water storage container Select Oxford plastic barrel.
10. a kind of tea place hillside fields pollution of area source control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water storage holds Device bottom is equipped with mud valve.
CN201810892617.7A 2018-08-07 2018-08-07 Tea garden slope ground source pollution control system Active CN108867810B (en)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110075455A (en) * 2019-04-15 2019-08-02 河北威尔特体育用品有限公司 A kind of fire plant suitable for a variety of environment
CN110552419A (en) * 2019-08-30 2019-12-10 天津大学 Side slope drainage device
CN113511741A (en) * 2021-06-28 2021-10-19 赣南师范大学 System for controlling land source pollution and recycling water and fertilizer resources in hilly stage

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