CN108849483A - A kind of quick breeding method of capsicum CMS line - Google Patents
A kind of quick breeding method of capsicum CMS line Download PDFInfo
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- CN108849483A CN108849483A CN201810973568.XA CN201810973568A CN108849483A CN 108849483 A CN108849483 A CN 108849483A CN 201810973568 A CN201810973568 A CN 201810973568A CN 108849483 A CN108849483 A CN 108849483A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quick breeding methods of capsicum CMS line, keep system for male parent with annually cultivating capsicum, are hybridized using capsicum sterile source as female parent, obtain F1Generation, F1In generation, is returned with system is kept, and obtains generation BC1, BC1It is returned with system is kept, obtains two generation BC2, BC2It is returned with system is kept, obtains three generations BC3, BC3It is returned with system is kept, obtains four generation BC4, as final sterile line；Wherein, BC1And BC2It is screened using abortion rate as main indicator, BC3And BC4It is screened by main indicator of the production traits.Use annually cultivating capsicum keep system for male parent, all be selfed and reserves seed for planting without per generation, be conducive to ensure keep based material stabilization and safety, reduce per generation require cultivation holding be labor intensity.Selection breeding of the invention is fast, and sterile rate can reach 100% after being returned for 4 generations, new sterile line character stable and consistent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop breeding technical field, specially a kind of quick breeding method of capsicum CMS line.
Background technique
Cenospecies used is largely the cenospecies of two self-mating systems currently on the market.Using artificial emasculation, not only make
Kind low output, and seed purity quality is low.With the increase of China's labour cost, the time-consuming artificial emasculation capsicum production of hybrid seeds
Production will be eliminated.Capsicum sterile line three series mating breeding not only reduces breeding cost, and guarantees seed purity quality
100%, while also preventing the loss of parent.Male sterile line chilli seedling three series mating breeding is the trend of the following pepper breeding.
The breeding of existing capsicum sterile line is all to be hybridized using holding system with sterile source, and filial generation is constantly with holding
Backcrossing, by character screening, finally obtains sterile line, wherein keeping system all is that selfing is reserved seed for planting, and per generation requires more strain plantations
Selfing breeding increases production of hybrid seeds area and working strength that selection and breeding keeps system, is less useful for breeding early period to core breeding
The safeguard protection and select index progress of material.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：How a kind of quick breeding method of capsicum CMS line is provided,
It solves to keep system all to be that selfing is reserved seed for planting, per generation requires to plant again.It is unfavorable for ensureing the safeguard protection and choosing for keeping based material
Breeding progress, and increase the problem of selection and breeding holding is the labor intensity of cultivated area sum.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of quick breeding method of capsicum CMS line, with annually cultivating capsicum guarantor
Holding is to be hybridized using capsicum sterile source as female parent for male parent, obtains F1Generation, F1In generation, is returned with system is kept, and obtains a generation
BC1, BC1It is returned with system is kept, obtains two generation BC2, BC2It is returned with system is kept, obtains three generations BC3, BC3It is with holding
Backcrossing obtains four generation BC4, as final goal sterile line；Wherein, BC1And BC2It is screened using abortion rate as main indicator,
BC3And BC4It is screened by main indicator of the production traits.
Further, annually cultivating capsicum is prepared by the following：Selection carries objective trait and many years character is stablized
Unanimously, the holding based material for reaching 40% or more with known sterile line or sterile source test cross its offspring's abortion rate carries out anniversary basin
It plants, be not required to pick flowers defloration at any time when pollinating, and spring and autumn three quarters use natural temperature, and winter adopts powder phase control environment temperature at 18 DEG C
More than, environment temperature is controlled after adopting powder at 12 DEG C or more.
Further, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and micro- fertilizer are imposed according to capsicum different growing stages demand in time, keep tree vigo(u)r prosperous
Growth is contained, planning crossing is pollinated first 15 days, and native applying organic manure and trace element fertilizer are cultivated.
Further, summer seed production and pollination phase, the mature flower bud to be bloomed of early morning on same day acquisition dissipate flower under the conditions of shade is dry and take powder,
Pollination in afternoon；Winter seed production's pollination period, in the plan seed production and pollination phase, the mature flower bud shade to be bloomed of collection in 7 days in advance does condition and dissipates flower
Powder is taken to be placed on freezer compartment of refrigerator kept dry, pollination in afternoon, morning next day mends pollination.
Further, after picking flowers annual summer mid or late August, capsicum summer pruning is carried out, in the first side shoot 3-
Straight snips at 5cm, cultivates New shoot growth again；In annual 2 months early and middle ten days, after winter picks flowers, capsicum winter pruning is carried out,
The straight snips at trunk 5-10cm, and with wound of sealing with wax, while changing big basin and trimming root system, newly fill out potting soil.
Further, potting soil uses local soil+commercially available seedling medium+commercially available full decomposed manure without fertilizer by volume
4:4:1 ratio is prepared, and inorganic composite fertilizer and trace element fertilizer are added in right amount.
Further, for basic material using short conical pepper breeding backbone material 8719, sterile source is to apply in production
Korea Spro's green pepper list physiology think self progeny discovery sterile source.
Further, basic material is using fasciation, the pepper breeding backbone material 1997 of the light yellow finger-type green pepper of green mature fruit, no
Educate the sterile line 7204A that source uses Xinxiang City, Henan Province academy of agricultural sciences teacher Li Jingsheng to give.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1, it uses annually cultivating capsicum to keep system for male parent, is all selfed and reserves seed for planting without per generation, be conducive to ensure that holding is material
The stabilization and safety of material, reduce per generation require cultivation keep system labor intensity.
2, selection breeding of the invention is fast, and sterile rate can reach 100% after being returned for 4 generations, and new sterile line character is steady
It is fixed consistent.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the breeding route map of embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the Guizhou Province peppery 6008 that embodiment 1 obtains；
Fig. 3 is the breeding route map of embodiment 2；
Fig. 4 is the Guizhou Province peppery 6112 that embodiment 2 obtains.
Specific embodiment
The breeding of 1 ball green pepper sterile line of embodiment
1, selection and the annually cultivating of based material are kept：Capsicum material and Korea Spro green pepper and Thailand with the character stable and consistent of preservation
Green pepper cenospecies is selfed F2The sterile source test cross of generation discovery finds to separate the green mature fruit green for orienting that purifying is cultivated from Korean hot pepper
The abortion rate of short cone pepper breeding backbone material " 8719 " test cross is up to 40%, with high 20cm, bore 18cm flowerpot potting
" 8719 " breeding material, potting soil use local soil+commercially available seedling medium+commercially available full decomposed manure without fertilizer by volume
4:4:1 ratio is prepared, and inorganic composite fertilizer and trace element fertilizer are added in right amount, and spring and autumn three quarters are at local (zunyi, guizhou)
Potted plant management under outdoor natural temperature；Artificial temperature control cultivation management under conditions of autumn end and winter daylighting indoors are good, before picking flowers
Temperature is controlled at 18 DEG C or more, and temperature control is at 12-14 DEG C or more after picking flowers；Potting capsicum production period is not required to pick flowers and award
Defloration at any time when powder, while organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and micro- fertilizer are imposed according to capsicum different growing stages demand in time, keep tree vigo(u)r prosperous
Growth is contained, planning crossing is pollinated first 15 days, cultivates native applying organic manure and trace element fertilizer, seed production and pollination phase summer, the same day is clear
The mature flower bud to be bloomed of morning acquisition dissipates flower under the conditions of shade is dry and takes powder, pollination in afternoon；The numerous production of hybrid seeds of South of Hainan, in plan seed production and pollination
Phase, the mature flower bud shade to be bloomed of collection in 7 days in advance do the scattered flower of condition and powder are taken to be placed on freezer compartment of refrigerator kept dry, pollinate morning day
The numerous base of South of Hainan, pollination in afternoon are taken to heat-preserving equipment, and morning next day mends pollination.August after picking flowers annual summer
The middle ten days and the last ten days, capsicum summer pruning is carried out, the straight snips at the first side shoot 3-5cm cultivates New shoot growth again.In on next year 2 months
Ten days winter pruning is carried out after Nan Fan flower picking, the straight snips at trunk 5-10cm, and with wound of sealing with wax, while changing than former flowerpot
Bore and the tall and big new flowerpot in 2cm or more of basin simultaneously trim root system, new fill cultivated soil.After mid or late March temperature recovery, potting is peppery
Green pepper moves to the production management of outdoor beginning next year.
2, select the sterile source found from the self progeny of Korea Spro green pepper " single physiology is thought " kind for the maternal potting material with step 1
Expect that " 8719 " are paternal hybrid, obtains F1Generation (job site：Zunyi, guizhou).
3, (First Year mid-September to second year 2 months, in Sanya, Hainan) plantation F1In 40 plants of generation, pollen is through iodate when blooming
Potassium dyeing microscopic examination finds 18 plants of pollen abortions, the pollen of " 8719 " acquisition of screening variable rate technology good 6 plants of abortion strains and potting
Backcrossing obtains first backcross generation BC1Generation.
4, (the second year 3-9 month, in zunyi, guizhou) plants the BC of 6 strains1For each 20 plants, when blooming pollen through microscopy,
It was found that the abortion rate of 6 strains selects 6 plants of fine individual plants without fertile pollen of strain of abortion rate 85% 70-85%, return
" 8719 " of friendship anniversary potting obtain second backcross generation BC2Generation.
5, the BC of 6 strains of (second year mid-September to second year 2 months, in Sanya, Hainan) plantation2For each 20 plants, bloom
When pollen through microscopy, abortion rate selects abortion rate in the field cultivation performance of 100% strain and breeding objective 85-100%
" 8719 " of similar 3 single plants of character and anniversary potting are returned, and obtain third backcross generation BC3；Simultaneously 3 single plants with it is known extensive
Multiple system (wherein includes green mature fruit atropurpureus, the aging arnotto color that the TaiWan, China bought from flowers market watches that green pepper is isolated
Restorer " 1-138 ") combine triple crossing combination.
6, (the 3-9 month in third year, in zunyi, guizhou), the BC of 3 strains is planted3For each 20 plants, while also plantation step 5
The triple crossing combination assembled, combines field cultivation by 3 strains and triple crossing and shows generalized analysis, filter out with
The pot material for the strain and single plant and annually cultivating that breeding mesh is consistent and character is stable is returned, and is obtained sterile line " 8719A ", together
When pot material selfing obtain keep system (8719B).Through being hybridized with sterile line " 8719A " with restorer " 1- 138 ", match out
The specific breed and ornamental color peppery superior hybrid crosses that the wine-colored enterprise's bubble of green mature fruit atropurpureus, aging fruit plus processing are selected
" peppery 6008 " in Guizhou Province (8719A × 1-138).
The breeding of the ornamental and edible Colored Pepper sterile line of embodiment 2
The present embodiment and the method for embodiment 1 are almost the same, and difference is that annually cultivating capsicum keeps being that basic material is adopted
Green pepper offspring, which is watched, with the potting TaiWan, China in the purchase of zunyi, guizhou flowers market in 2006 is selfed the breeding material that separation is cultivated
" 1997 ", sterile source use the sterile line " 7204A " of self-fertile, finally obtain new sterile line " 1997A ", watch and edible colored peppery
Green pepper sterile line " 1997A " (upward fasciation, green mature fruit are light yellow) group has allotted the coloured silk that ground plants and potting ornamental value is splendid and edible
Green pepper three is new varieties " peppery 6112 " in Guizhou Province and the " series of products such as peppery 7026 " in Guizhou Province, in Guizhou international capsicum fair in recent years and existing
For growth condition in Agricultural Park.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of quick breeding method of capsicum CMS line, which is characterized in that keep system for male parent with annually cultivating capsicum,
Hybridized using capsicum sterile source as female parent, obtains F1Generation, F1In generation, is returned with system is kept, and obtains generation BC1, BC1With holding
System is returned, and two generation BC are obtained2, BC2It is returned with system is kept, obtains three generations BC3, BC3It is returned with system is kept, obtains four
For BC4, as final goal sterile line；Wherein, BC1And BC2It is screened using abortion rate as main indicator, BC3And BC4With production
Character is that main indicator is screened.
2. a kind of quick breeding method of capsicum CMS line according to claim 1, which is characterized in that annually cultivating
Capsicum is prepared by the following：Selection carrying objective trait and many years character stable and consistent and known sterile line or sterile source
The holding based material that its offspring's abortion rate of test cross reaches 40% or more carries out anniversary potting, and be not required to pick flowers defloration at any time when pollinating,
Spring and autumn three quarters use natural temperature, and winter adopts powder phase control environment temperature at 18 DEG C or more, controls environment temperature after adopting powder
Degree is at 12 DEG C or more.
3. a kind of quick breeding method of capsicum CMS line according to claim 2, which is characterized in that according to capsicum
Different growing stages demand imposes organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and micro- fertilizer in time, keeps tree vigo(u)r vigorous growth, planning crossing pollination preceding 15
It, cultivates native applying organic manure and trace element fertilizer.
4. a kind of quick breeding method of capsicum CMS line according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the summer production of hybrid seeds
Pollination period, the mature flower bud to be bloomed of early morning on same day acquisition dissipate flower under the conditions of shade is dry and take powder, pollination in afternoon；Winter seed production's pollination period,
In the plan seed production and pollination phase, it is dry that the scattered flower of the dry condition of the mature flower bud shade to be bloomed of collection in 7 days in advance takes powder to be placed on freezer compartment of refrigerator
It saves, pollination in afternoon, morning next day mends pollination.
5. a kind of quick breeding method of capsicum CMS line according to claim 4, which is characterized in that annual 8
After the summer the middle ten days and the last ten days moon picks flowers, capsicum summer pruning is carried out, it is raw to cultivate shoot again for the straight snips at the first limb 3-5cm
It is long；In annual 2 months early and middle ten days, after winter picks flowers, capsicum winter pruning, the straight snips at trunk 5-10cm are carried out, and use wax
Wound is sealed, while changing big basin and trimming root system, newly fill out potting soil.
6. a kind of quick breeding method of capsicum CMS line according to claim 5, which is characterized in that potting soil is used
Seedling medium+commercially available full the decomposed manure of local soil+commercially available without fertilizer by volume 4:4:1 ratio is prepared, and is added in right amount
Enter inorganic composite fertilizer and trace element fertilizer.
7. a kind of quick breeding method of capsicum CMS line according to claim 1-6, which is characterized in that
Keeping based material is 8719, and sterile source is the sterile source that Korea Spro green pepper list physiology thinks self progeny's discovery.
8. a kind of quick breeding method of capsicum CMS line according to claim 1-6, which is characterized in that
Keep based material 1997, sterile source 7204A.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111406644A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-14 | 山西省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Breeding method of nucleus-cytoplasm interactive male sterile line of cluster pod pepper and application of three-line matching system |
| CN111758564A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-13 | 贵州省蚕业研究所(贵州省辣椒研究所) | Cluster breeding method for pepper sterile line |
| CN111771635A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-16 | 贵州省蚕业研究所(贵州省辣椒研究所) | High-yield seed production method of three-line pod peppers |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111406644A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-14 | 山西省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Breeding method of nucleus-cytoplasm interactive male sterile line of cluster pod pepper and application of three-line matching system |
| CN111758564A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-13 | 贵州省蚕业研究所(贵州省辣椒研究所) | Cluster breeding method for pepper sterile line |
| CN111771635A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-16 | 贵州省蚕业研究所(贵州省辣椒研究所) | High-yield seed production method of three-line pod peppers |
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Application publication date: 20181123 |