CN108849081A - A kind of built device, built method and implantation methods for promoting balsam pear to do sth. in advance to get bumper crops - Google Patents
A kind of built device, built method and implantation methods for promoting balsam pear to do sth. in advance to get bumper crops Download PDFInfo
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- CN108849081A CN108849081A CN201810949317.8A CN201810949317A CN108849081A CN 108849081 A CN108849081 A CN 108849081A CN 201810949317 A CN201810949317 A CN 201810949317A CN 108849081 A CN108849081 A CN 108849081A
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- balsam pear
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of built device, built method and implantation methods that promotion balsam pear is done sth. in advance to get bumper crops, and belong to field of plant growing technology.It is described that balsam pear is promoted to do sth. in advance the built device got bumper crops, including it is multiple be parallel to each other and spaced ridge-up bed, further include four foot prop area peace frames.The implantation methods for carrying out set in brickwork method the invention also discloses the built device for doing sth. in advance to get bumper crops using above-mentioned promotion balsam pear and promoting balsam pear to do sth. in advance to get bumper crops using above-mentioned set in brickwork method.Built device of the invention, one is provided with four foot prop areas, and four foot prop areas include multiple four foot props and the nylon wire for surrounding four foot props, and four foot rest structure stability are strong, it consolidates with grabbing, effectively radix saposhnikoviae is anti-fall, structurally reasonable, good appearance, nylon wire ventilation and penetrating light can expand illuminating area；Two are provided with flat frame, are intersected in length and breadth by more connecting rods and connect and compose reticular structure, keep flat frame stability more preferable, and the nylon wire of flat frame covering can increase balsam pear photosynthesis area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of built device, built method and implantation methods that promotion balsam pear is done sth. in advance to get bumper crops, and belong to plant
Technical field of cultivation.
Background technique
Balsam pear, also referred to as balsam pear, balsam pear etc., Curcurbitaceae Momordica, annual climbing herbaceous plant.The melon of balsam pear is climing soft thin
It is long, it needs built to tie up climing, both prevented plant from lodging, be also beneficial to the climing climbing of melon and leaf is sufficiently spread out, promote the photosynthetic work of leaf
With.Quantity production of bitter melon height derives from photosynthesis manufacture and how much accumulates organic nutrient, and the size of the efficiency of light energy utilization is to determine to produce
Measure the principal element of height.If blade is rationally distributed, luminous energy can be effectively utilized, obtains high yield.And blade layout and plantation
Density is inseparable.Planting density influences the accumulation of balsam pear group structure, light-use and dry matter, and rational close planting is conducive to
Leaf makes full use of light source, manufacture and accumulation dry matter, improves quantity production of bitter melon.The rational close planting of balsam pear is with kind, season and kind
It is related to plant the factors such as built mode, different cultivars selects different dense planting, season and built mode, the subenvironment as locating for individual
Difference, plant growing way is different, leads to volume variance.In practicing production activity, farmer often according to balsam pear difference dense planting,
Using the traditional cropping pattern of following two：
The first, selects early-maturing variety plantation.The general branch of early-maturing variety is few, growth potential is weak, and individual production capacity is small, preferably
Dense planting, is 1000-1500 plants/acre, and it is few to make up individual yield by dense planting, guarantees overall productivity.Built mode uses A-frame,
Generally use diameter for 1.8-2.2cm, length be 2.0-2.5m bamboo pole or waddy bury 20-25cm being colonized row oblique cutting,
2 bamboo poles or waddy are held together by bamboo pole or waddy apart from the high 1.5-1.6m infall of ridge-up bed is built into herringbone frame, is handing over
Longitudinal plus 1 bamboo pole or waddy are fixed with rope and are tightened at fork, when the climing length of melon is to 20-30cm long, tie up climing restocking, main stem 50-
The climing whole of 60cm or less is destroyed.The balsam pear growth climing upward climbing of melon early period laterally will not voluntarily stretch climing, and melon is climing rationally distributed, leads to
Wind light transmission is good, and melon yield is high, and the middle and late growth stage is flourishing since planting density is excessive, and top branches and tendrils gather, inside A-frame
Spaces compact, ventilated bad, field easy to form is strongly fragrant to cover, and causes balsam pear because illumination is insufficient, photosynthetic to make product decline, and makes
It is bad at pollen development, fruit development is influenced, yield reduces, entire growth cycle, and yield is 2500-3000kg/ mus.
Second, select middle-late ripening variety plantation.The general growth potential of middle-late ripening variety is strong, branch is more, individual productive potentialities
Greatly, suitable thin planting is 100-150 plants/acre, main to reach high yield by playing balsam pear individual and group's Synthetical Increase Production Potentialities.Built
Mode uses flat frame, in plantation balsam pear row, erects 1 iron stake or timber every 4-5m, height 1.8-2.0m uses nylon above
The iron stake or timber by monolith field such as net or bamboo pole, waddy, which is joined together, is built into flat frame, when main stem grows to 20-30cm long
When, climing restocking is tied up, all sons below excision frame are climing before main stem restocking, and after main stem restocking, no longer excision is climing, on frame
It is main and sub climing by different directions arrangement, make vines uniform reasonable layout on frame.Since planting density is excessively dilute, and below shelf
The climing whole of son of early growth destroy, balsam pear grows early period substantially without yield, and the middle and late growth stage relies on balsam pear individual growth gesture
By force, branch is more, realizes high yield, entire growth cycle by the mitogenetic big climing flowering and fruit bearing of quantum, yield is 2600-3100kg/ mus.
Above two traditional balsam pear cropping pattern all Shortcomings, wherein the first cropping pattern plants early yield
Height, middle and later periods low output；Second of cropping pattern is just on the contrary, plant early period substantially without yield, middle and later periods yield is high, and two is various
Implant model yield is at 2500-3100kg/ mus.Therefore, if can realize that balsam pear grows the high yield of early period and the middle and late growth stage simultaneously
Amount makes the entire growth cycle of balsam pear get bumper crops ahead of time, to improve farmer's income, has very important significance.
In consideration of it, it is necessary to develop a kind of built device that promotion balsam pear is done sth. in advance to get bumper crops, to make up the deficiencies in the prior art.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of built device that promotion balsam pear is got bumper crops ahead of time.Built dress of the invention
It sets, one is provided with four foot prop areas, and four foot prop areas include multiple four foot props and the nylon wire for surrounding four foot props, and four foot rest structures are steady
It is qualitative strong, it consolidates with grabbing, effectively anti-fall, structurally reasonable, the good appearance of radix saposhnikoviae, nylon wire ventilation and penetrating light can expand illuminating area；
Two are provided with flat frame, are intersected in length and breadth by more connecting rods and connect and compose reticular structure, keep flat frame stability more preferable, flat canopy
The nylon wire of frame covering, can increase balsam pear photosynthesis area.
The technical solution that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：A kind of built device for promoting balsam pear to do sth. in advance to get bumper crops,
It is parallel to each other and spaced ridge-up bed including multiple, further includes four foot prop area peace frames；
Four foot prop area is equipped with multiple and corresponding with each ridge-up bed respectively；Each four foot prop area includes more
A four foot prop and the first nylon wire for surrounding above-mentioned multiple four foot props；The multiple four foot prop is along the ridge-up bed
The setting of length direction interval；Each four foot prop includes four rack legs；Four rack legs are distributed in correspondence two-by-two
The ridge-up bed two sides, top is hinged, and the equal oblique cutting in bottom end enters in the soil of the ridge-up bed；
The flat frame includes more connecting rods and the second nylon wire for being covered on above above-mentioned more connecting rods, more institutes
It states connecting rod the top of multiple four foot props links together.
The principle of the present invention：
First, the present invention is equipped with multiple four foot props area, and each four foot prop area includes that multiple parallel intervals each other are set again
Four foot props set and the first nylon wire for surrounding multiple four foot props.Four foot rest structure stability are strong, consolidate with grabbing, have
Effect radix saposhnikoviae is anti-fall, and the first nylon wire for surrounding four foot props, which is equivalent to, has built wattled wall in each four foot prop area, both divulges information
Light, and illuminating area can be expanded, the climbing area of balsam pear vines can be increased, be conducive to the vines climbing that balsam pear grows early period.
Second, the present invention is equipped with flat frame, is intersected in length and breadth by more connecting rods and connects and composes reticular structure, makes flat frame
Stability is more preferable, and the second nylon wire is covered on flat frame, is conducive to vines climbing, the flowering and fruit bearing of balsam pear the middle and late growth stage,
Increase balsam pear photosynthesis area, to extend picking time, realizes high yield.
To sum up, the present invention not only improves balsam pear growth vines early period climbing by four foot prop area peace frames of setting, and sharp
Pruning in the balsam pear middle and later periods, it is climing to beat, to realize that balsam pear is got bumper crops.
Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.
Further, the every rack leg, the every connecting rod material be bamboo pole or waddy.
It is using above-mentioned further beneficial effect：Rack leg, connecting rod use bamboo pole or waddy, draw materials more square
Just, low in cost.
Further, the distance between adjacent two four foot prop top in each four foot prop area is 1.5m-
1.6m。
It is using above-mentioned further beneficial effect：Due to balsam pear plantation spacing in the rows be 1.5-1.6m, line-spacing 1-1.1m,
Above-mentioned distance is used between two adjacent four foot props, is conducive to the climing climbing of balsam pear stem.
Further, the top of four rack legs is hinged by rope or iron wire in each four foot prop,
The bottom end oblique cutting of the every rack leg enter the depth in the soil of the ridge-up bed be 20cm-25cm and with the ridge-up bed length side
To angle ɑ be 30 ° -40 °.
It is using above-mentioned further beneficial effect：It is by rope or iron wire that rack leg is hinged, in practical work
It, can be more convenient and flexible in work.
Further, between first nylon wire and the every rack leg in each four foot prop area, the connecting rod
Between multiple four foot props and between each second nylon wire and the more connecting rods, by rope or
Iron wire is fixed.
It is using above-mentioned further beneficial effect：Between first nylon wire and every rack leg, connecting rod and four foot props
Between and the second nylon wire and connecting rod between by rope or iron wire fixation tighten, can be more preferable with fixed effect.
Further, the vertical range of the lower end of first nylon wire and the ridge-up bed is 20cm-25cm, upper end with it is described
The vertical range of ridge-up bed is 1.5m-2m.
It is using above-mentioned further beneficial effect：Above-mentioned parameter is used between first nylon wire and ridge-up bed, is conducive to hardship
The mitogenetic climing climbing of son after melon main stem length to 20cm-30cm.
Further, the aperture of first nylon wire and second nylon wire is 10cm-15cm.
It is using above-mentioned further beneficial effect：First nylon wire and the second nylon wire use above-mentioned aperture, are conducive to
The climbing of balsam pear vines.
The second object of the present invention provides a kind of built device progress built for utilizing above-mentioned promotion balsam pear to do sth. in advance high yield
Method.Using built method of the invention, above-mentioned promotion balsam pear can be built and do sth. in advance the built device got bumper crops, first is that in hardship
Melon grows early period, and four foot prop areas provide place needed for the climing vines of the healthy and strong son of 4-6 root are climbed, increase the climing climbing surface of sub- viticula
Product harvest can be listed ahead of time due to morning of yielding positive results, to improve the yield that balsam pear grows early period, be improved selling price；
Second is that the space that flat frame provides can ensure that the entire individual growth environment ventilation and penetrating light of balsam pear is good in balsam pear the middle and late growth stage, mention
For the climbing area of vines abundance, to be conducive to more knot melons of blooming more, extends picking time, realize high yield.
The technical solution that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：It is a kind of to promote balsam pear to do sth. in advance high yield using above-mentioned
Built device carries out set in brickwork method, includes the following steps：
Four rack legs are taken, oblique cutting enters in the soil of ridge-up bed two sides two-by-two, and the top of four rack legs is hinged on one
It rises, forms four foot props；According to this, multiple spaced four foot props are built along the length direction of ridge-up bed；With the first nylon
Net surrounds above-mentioned multiple four foot props, forms the four foot prop areas an of ridge-up bed；
In the manner described above, four foot prop areas of multiple ridge-up beds are formed；
More connecting rods are taken, the top of multiple four foot props is linked together；It is covered in the top of more connecting rods
Second nylon wire forms flat frame.
The third object of the present invention provides a kind of plantation side for promoting balsam pear to do sth. in advance to get bumper crops according to above-mentioned set in brickwork method
Method.Using implantation methods of the invention, first is that the reasonably determination of plantation strain number, it is ensured that four foot prop area peace frame vines
It is rationally distributed to climb rear blade, light source can be made full use of, so that manufacture and accumulation dry matter, obtain high yield；Second is that being stretched in balsam pear
Climing phase, the mitogenetic son of main stem climing excision and reservation, the climing excision of son can prevent nutrition from dispersing, make nutriment centralizedly supply master
It overgrows length, promotes the further bifurcated of main stem, climing reservations of son can be used as balsam pear and grow the climing prematurity of knot melon of early period as a result, can mention
Preceding harvesting listing, selling price is high, to improve income；Third is that balsam pear the middle and late growth stage, the first nylon wire, the second nylon wire melon
Climing training type, extract in time yellow leaf, old leaf and sick leaf under the second nylon wire and on the first nylon wire and disease pest melon and
It without melon, tiny branches and tendrils, prevents from consuming nutrition excessively and causing plant early ageing, has harvested the commodity climbed on the first nylon wire
After melon, by the climing all excisions of all sons of all climbings on the first nylon wire, under the second nylon wire, make entire balsam pear plantation group
Body ventilation and penetrating light is good, and nutrient consumption is few, is conducive to vines flowering and fruit bearing on the second nylon wire, to extend picking time, improves
Yield.
The technical solution that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：It is a kind of to promote balsam pear according to above-mentioned set in brickwork method
The implantation methods got bumper crops ahead of time, include the following steps：
Step 1：Nursery
Seed of bitter gourd is taken, is sterilized, vernalization, after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, point is sowed in the hole tray for installing seedling medium, conventional tube
Reason；
Step 2：Site preparation bedding
Planting site is digged, is applied fertilizer, leveling, be divided into it is multiple be parallel to each other and spaced ridge-up bed, and in each ridge-up bed
Upper covering black mulch film；
Step 3：Field planting
When seedling length to 4 leaf, 1 heart or 51 heart of leaf in the hole tray in step 1, migrate in the ridge-up bed of step 2；
Step 4：Built
Built is carried out according to above-mentioned set in brickwork method；
Step 5：Training
The climing phase is stretched in balsam pear, by length<The mitogenetic son of the main stem of 20cm is climing all to be extractd, by length >=20cm main stem
Climing stalwartness for retaining 4-6 item of mitogenetic son it is climing, the knot melon as balsam pear growth early period is climing, and by the first nylon in its draws climing
Net；
When main stem length reaches 1.8m-2.0m, in draws climing on the second nylon wire, the mitogenetic son of main stem is climing all to be retained,
Main stem and son is climing by different directions arrangement, so that it is uniformly distributed climbing on the second nylon wire, as balsam pear the middle and late growth stage
Knot melon it is climing；
Step 6：Pollination
Early period is grown in balsam pear, in daily 8:00-10:00 period carried out artificial pollination；Balsam pear the middle and late growth stage, into
Row spontaneous pollination；
Step 7：Fertilizer and water management
After balsam pear flowering and fruit bearing, potash fertilizer is imposed, later, a collection of balsam pear has often been plucked, has continued to impose potash fertilizer；
Step 8：The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Prevent and treat downy mildew and prevention and treatment trialeurodes vaporariorum；
Step 9：Timely collecting.
The principle of the present invention：
It in step 1 of the invention, first sterilizes, then is wrapped with freshness protection package or plastic film, be placed in 28~30 DEG C of isoperibols
Middle carry out vernalization, to get the seed of bitter gourd good to vernalization after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.
In step 2 of the invention, the light transmittance of black mulch film is low, radiant heat through few, ground weeds because of illumination condition not
It is difficult to grow enough, is conducive to the growth for inhibiting weeds.The present invention covers black mulch film on ridge-up bed, can inhibit weedy.
In step 5 of the invention, balsam pear has very strong branch power, main stem and son is climing can flowering and fruit bearing.So in balsam pear
Stretch the climing phase, when main stem it is long to 20cm-30cm when, need length<The mitogenetic son of the main stem of 20cm is climing all to be extractd, and in this way may be used
It prevents nutrition from dispersing, grows nutriment centralizedly supply main stem, promote the further bifurcated of main stem.By length >=20cm main stem
Climing stalwartness for retaining 4-6 item of mitogenetic son it is climing, climing stalwartness for retaining 4-6 item of main stem 20cm or more mitogenetic son is climing,
Knot melon as balsam pear growth early period is climing, and by the first nylon wire in its draws climing.Climb knot melon on the first nylon wire it is climing by
In morning of yielding positive results, 10d-15d harvesting listing can be shifted to an earlier date, yield accounts for the 25%-35% of entire growth cycle yield, due to upper
City is early, and selling price is high, and acquired income accounts for total income 45-55%.Balsam pear the middle and late growth stage, the knot climbed on the first nylon wire
The climing knot melon amount of melon is fewer and fewer, and the climing knot melon amount of the knot melon climbed on the second nylon wire slowly increases, several on entire flat frame
It is paved with by flourishing balsam pear cauline leaf climbing, it is poor in the climing illumination deficiency of melon of the first nylon wire, ventilation and penetrating light at this moment to climb,
It easily forms that field is strongly fragrant covers, yellow leaf, old leaf and sick leaf and disease pest under the second nylon wire and on the first nylon wire should be extractd in time
Melon and without melon, tiny branches and tendrils, prevents from consuming nutrition excessively and causing plant early ageing.It is climbed on the first nylon wire when having harvested
Commodity melon after, by the climing all excisions of all sons of the climbing on the first nylon wire, under the second nylon wire, make entire balsam pear
Plantation group's ventilation and penetrating light is good, and nutrient consumption is few, is conducive to vines flowering and fruit bearing on the second nylon wire, to extend harvesting
Phase.
In step 6 of the invention, balsam pear belongs to cross-pollination, and balsam pear grows early period, since flowering and fruit bearing is climing few, and need to mention
Early harvesting listing, sits melon rate to improve, needs artificial pollination, since the balsam pear male and female flowering open hour are 2:00-7:00 period,
10:Temperature gradually rises after 00, and pollen activity weakens, so pollination time is preferably selected daily 8:00-10:00 period.
Balsam pear the middle and late growth stage is pollinated by insect pollination since flowering and fruit bearing is climing more, is not required to artificial pollination.
In step 7 of the invention, top dressing is not required to before balsam pear flowering and fruit bearing.
In step 9 of the invention, balsam pear makees vegetables to eat based on tender melon.Picking too early or too late, can all influence yield
And price.When melon skin is glossy emerald green, the white white green oil of skin melon is bright, sugar-preserved gourd turgor, and the striped on melon skin obviously expands or warty
Obvious protrusion can harvest.
Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.
Further, in step 1, the method for the disinfection is：Seed of bitter gourd is put into 55 DEG C of -60 DEG C of water and impregnates 40min-
50min is pulled out, is impregnated 10h-12h with room temperature water, is pulled out, is rinsed 2-3 times, be filtered dry, then be with mass percent with room temperature water
70% 600-800 times of liquid disinfectant 30min-40min of carbendazol wettable powder, is pulled out, is rinsed 2-3 times, is filtered dry with room temperature water；
The temperature of the vernalization is 28 DEG C -30 DEG C.
Further, in step 2, the depth digged is 10cm-15cm；The fertilising is to apply Chicken dung per acre
3500kg-4000kg and compound fertilizer 20kg-25kg；The width of the ridge-up bed is 90cm-100cm, and the spacing of adjacent ridge-up bed is
20cm-30cm。
Further, in the compound fertilizer, N, P2O5And K2The mass percentage summation of O three is >=45%, N, P, K
Mass ratio be 15:15:15.
Further, in step 3, the spacing in the rows of the transplanting is 1.5m-1.6m, line-spacing 1.0m-1.1m, each ridge-up bed plantation
1 row, 400 plants/acre -450 plants/acre.
Further, in step 7, the dosage for imposing potash fertilizer is 25kg-30kg per acre；The use for continuing to impose potash fertilizer
Amount is 20kg-25kg per acre.
Further, in step 8, the prevention and treatment downy mildew is specially：Use mass percent wettable for 70% Sandofan
Property 600-800 times of liquid of pulvis, sprays blade face, sprays 60L-80L per acre；The prevention and treatment trialeurodes vaporariorum is specially：Using avermectin
1000-1500 times of liquid of missible oil sprays blade back, sprays 60L-80L per acre.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) built device of the invention, one is provided with four foot prop areas, and four foot prop areas include multiple four foot props and surround four
The nylon wire of foot prop, four foot rest structure stability are strong, consolidate with grabbing, effectively anti-fall, structurally reasonable, the good appearance of radix saposhnikoviae, nylon
Net ventilation and penetrating light can expand illuminating area；Two are provided with flat frame, are intersected in length and breadth by more connecting rods and connect and compose netted knot
Structure keeps flat frame stability more preferable, and the nylon wire of flat frame covering can increase balsam pear photosynthesis area.
(2) built method of the invention is used, above-mentioned promotion balsam pear can be built and do sth. in advance the built device got bumper crops, first is that
Early period is grown in balsam pear, four foot prop areas provide place needed for the climing vines of the healthy and strong son of 4-6 root are climbed, increase the climing climbing of sub- viticula
Area harvest can be listed ahead of time due to morning of yielding positive results, to improve the yield that balsam pear grows early period, be improved sale price
Lattice；Second is that the space that flat frame provides can ensure that the entire individual growth environment ventilation and penetrating light of balsam pear is good in balsam pear the middle and late growth stage,
The climbing area of vines abundance is provided, to be conducive to more knot melons of blooming more, extends picking time, realizes high yield.
(3) implantation methods of the invention are used, first is that the reasonably determination of plantation strain number, it is ensured that four foot prop areas peace
Frame vines climbing rear blade is rationally distributed, can make full use of light source, so that manufacture and accumulation dry matter, obtain high yield；Second is that
It is stretched the climing phase in balsam pear, the mitogenetic son of main stem climing excision and reservation, the climing excision of son can prevent nutrition from dispersing, make nutriment collection
Middle supply main stem growth, promotes the further bifurcated of main stem, and the climing reservation of son can be used as the climing prematurity of knot melon that balsam pear grows early period
As a result, can harvest in advance listing, selling price is high, to improve income；Third is that balsam pear the middle and late growth stage, the first nylon wire,
The climing training type of two nylon wire melons extracts yellow leaf, old leaf and sick leaf under the second nylon wire and on the first nylon wire in time, with
And disease pest melon and without melon, tiny branches and tendrils, it prevents from consuming nutrition excessively and causing plant early ageing, has harvested climbing in the first nylon
After online commodity melon, the climing all excisions of all sons of all climbings on the first nylon wire, under the second nylon wire make entire
Balsam pear plantation group's ventilation and penetrating light is good, and nutrient consumption is few, is conducive to vines flowering and fruit bearing on the second nylon wire, adopts to extend
The receipts phase improves yield.
(4) implantation methods for promoting balsam pear to get bumper crops ahead of time of the invention, easy to operate, production cost is low, and market prospects are wide
It is wealthy, it is suitble to large-scale promotion application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view for promoting balsam pear to do sth. in advance the built device got bumper crops of the invention.
In attached drawing, parts list represented by the reference numerals are as follows：
1, four foot prop, the 2, first nylon wire, 3, connecting rod, the 4, second nylon wire.
Specific embodiment
Principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with specific attached drawing, example is served only for explaining this hair
It is bright, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment promotes balsam pear to do sth. in advance the built device got bumper crops, including multiple it are parallel to each other and are spaced
The ridge-up bed of setting further includes four foot prop area peace frames；
Four foot prop area is equipped with multiple and corresponding with each ridge-up bed respectively；Each four foot prop area includes more
A four foot prop 1 and the first nylon wire 2 for surrounding above-mentioned multiple four foot props 1；The multiple four foot prop 1 is along the furrow
The length direction interval setting of bed；Each four foot prop 1 includes four rack legs；Four rack legs are distributed in two-by-two
The two sides of the corresponding ridge-up bed, top is hinged, and the equal oblique cutting in bottom end enters in the soil of the ridge-up bed；
The flat frame includes more connecting rods 3 and the second nylon wire 4 for being covered on 3 top of above-mentioned more connecting rods, more
Connecting rod 3 described in root links together the top of multiple four foot props 1.
Built device of the invention, one is provided with four foot prop areas, and four foot prop areas include multiple four foot props and surround four feet
The nylon wire of frame, four foot rest structure stability are strong, consolidate with grabbing, effectively anti-fall, structurally reasonable, the good appearance of radix saposhnikoviae, nylon wire
Ventilation and penetrating light can expand illuminating area；Two are provided with flat frame, are intersected in length and breadth by more connecting rods and connect and compose netted knot
Structure keeps flat frame stability more preferable, and the nylon wire of flat frame covering can increase balsam pear photosynthesis area.
Wherein, the every rack leg, the every connecting rod 3 material be bamboo pole.Rack leg, connecting rod use bamboo
Pole is drawn materials more convenient, low in cost.
The distance between described four foot props, 1 top of adjacent two in each four foot prop area is 1.5m.Due to hardship
The spacing in the rows of melon plantation is 1.5m-1.6m, line-spacing 1.0m-1.1m, above-mentioned distance is used between two adjacent four foot props, favorably
In the climing climbing of balsam pear stem.
The top of four rack legs is hinged by rope in each four foot prop 1, the every bracket
The bottom end oblique cutting of leg enters the depth in the soil of the ridge-up bed and is 20cm and is 30 ° with the angle ɑ of the ridge-up bed length direction.It is logical
Cross rope rack leg is hinged, it in actual operation, can be more convenient and flexible.
Between first nylon wire 2 and the every rack leg in each four foot prop area, the connecting rod 3 with it is multiple
Between four foot prop 1 and between each second nylon wire 3 and the more connecting rods 4, pass through rope or iron wire
It is fixed.Between first nylon wire and every rack leg, between connecting rod and four foot props and between the second nylon wire and connecting rod
Tightened by rope or iron wire fixation, it can be more preferable with fixed effect.
The lower end of first nylon wire 2 and the vertical range of the ridge-up bed are 20cm, and upper end is vertical with the ridge-up bed
Distance is 1.5m.Above-mentioned parameter is used between first nylon wire and ridge-up bed, is divided after being conducive to balsam pear main stem length to 20cm-30cm
The raw climing climbing of son.
The aperture of first nylon wire 2 and second nylon wire 4 is 10cm.First nylon wire and the second nylon wire
Using above-mentioned aperture, be conducive to the climbing of balsam pear vines.
The present embodiment promotes balsam pear to do sth. in advance the set in brickwork method of the built device got bumper crops progress using above-mentioned, including as follows
Step：
Four rack legs are taken, oblique cutting enters in the soil of ridge-up bed two sides two-by-two, and the top of four rack legs is hinged on one
It rises, forms four foot props 1；According to this, multiple spaced four foot props 1 are built along the length direction of ridge-up bed；With the first Buddhist nun
Imperial net 2 surrounds above-mentioned multiple four foot props 1, forms the four foot prop areas an of ridge-up bed；
In the manner described above, four foot prop areas of multiple ridge-up beds are formed；
More connecting rods 3 are taken, the top of multiple four foot props 1 is linked together；It is covered in the top of more connecting rods 3
The second nylon wire of lid 4, forms flat frame.
The present embodiment promotes balsam pear to do sth. in advance the implantation methods got bumper crops according to above-mentioned set in brickwork method, including walks as follows
Suddenly：
Step 1：Seed of bitter gourd is taken, is put into 55 DEG C of water and impregnates 50min, pull out, 10h is impregnated with room temperature water, pulls out, use room
It warm water washing 2 times, is filtered dry, then the 600 times of liquid disinfectant 40min of carbendazol wettable powder for being 70% with mass percent, pulls out,
It is rinsed 2 times, is filtered dry with room temperature water；It is placed in 28 DEG C of vernalization.After seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, point is sowed in the hole tray for installing seedling medium, often
Regulate reason.
Step 2：Site preparation bedding
Planting site is digged, the depth digged is 10cm.
Fertilising, applies Chicken dung 3500kg and compound fertilizer 20kg per acre；In compound fertilizer, N, P2O5And K2The quality hundred of O three
Dividing content summation is >=45%, and the mass ratio of N, P, K are 15:15:15.
Leveling, be divided into it is multiple be parallel to each other and spaced ridge-up bed, the width of the ridge-up bed is 90cm, adjacent ridge-up bed
Spacing be 20cm；And black mulch film is covered on each ridge-up bed.
Step 3：Field planting
When seedling length to 4 leaf, 1 heart or 51 heart of leaf in the hole tray in step 1, migrate in the ridge-up bed of step 2；It is described
The spacing in the rows of transplanting is 1.5m, line-spacing 1m, and each ridge-up bed plants 1 row, 400 plants/acre.
Step 4：Built
Built is carried out according to above-mentioned set in brickwork method；
Step 5：Training
The climing phase is stretched in balsam pear, by length<The mitogenetic son of the main stem of 20cm is climing all to be extractd, by length >=20cm main stem
Climing stalwartness for retaining 4-6 item of mitogenetic son it is climing, the knot melon as balsam pear growth early period is climing, and by the first nylon in its draws climing
Net 2；
When main stem length reaches 1.8m, in draws climing on the second nylon wire 4, the mitogenetic son of main stem is climing all to be retained, and will be led
Climing and son is climing to be arranged by different directions, it is made to be uniformly distributed the knot climbed on the second nylon wire 4, as balsam pear the middle and late growth stage
Melon is climing；
Step 6：Pollination
Early period is grown in balsam pear, in daily 8:00-10:00 period carried out artificial pollination；Balsam pear the middle and late growth stage, into
Row spontaneous pollination；
Step 7：Fertilizer and water management
After balsam pear flowering and fruit bearing, potash fertilizer is imposed, imposes the dosage of potash fertilizer as 25kg per acre.Later, a collection of balsam pear has often been plucked,
Continue to impose potash fertilizer；The dosage for continuing to impose potash fertilizer is 20kg per acre.
Step 8：The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Prevent and treat downy mildew and prevention and treatment trialeurodes vaporariorum；The prevention and treatment downy mildew is specially：Mass percent is used to kill for 70%
600 times of liquid of malicious alum wettable powder, spray blade face, spray 60L per acre；The prevention and treatment trialeurodes vaporariorum is specially：Using avermectin
1000 times of liquid of missible oil spray blade back, spray 60L per acre.
Step 9：Timely collecting
When melon skin is glossy emerald green, the white white green oil of skin melon is bright, sugar-preserved gourd turgor, and the striped on melon skin obviously expands or warty
Obvious protrusion can harvest.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment promotes balsam pear to do sth. in advance the built device got bumper crops, with embodiment 1.
Wherein, the every rack leg, the every connecting rod 3 material be waddy.Rack leg, connecting rod are using wood
Rod is drawn materials more convenient, low in cost.
The distance between described four foot props, 1 top of adjacent two in each four foot prop area is 1.6m.Due to hardship
The spacing in the rows of melon plantation is 1.5m-1.6m, line-spacing 1.0m-1.1m, above-mentioned distance is used between two adjacent four foot props, favorably
In the climing climbing of balsam pear stem.
The top of four rack legs is hinged by iron wire in each four foot prop 1, the every bracket
The bottom end oblique cutting of leg enters the depth in the soil of the ridge-up bed and is 22cm and is 35 ° with the angle ɑ of the ridge-up bed length direction.It is logical
Cross iron wire rack leg is hinged, it in actual operation, can be more convenient and flexible.
Between first nylon wire 2 and the every rack leg in each four foot prop area, the connecting rod 3 with it is multiple
Between four foot prop 1 and between each second nylon wire 3 and the more connecting rods 4, pass through rope or iron wire
It is fixed.Between first nylon wire and every rack leg, between connecting rod and four foot props and between the second nylon wire and connecting rod
Tightened by rope or iron wire fixation, it can be more preferable with fixed effect.
The lower end of first nylon wire 2 and the vertical range of the ridge-up bed are 22cm, and upper end is vertical with the ridge-up bed
Distance is 1.8m.Above-mentioned parameter is used between first nylon wire and ridge-up bed, is divided after being conducive to balsam pear main stem length to 20cm-30cm
The raw climing climbing of son.
The aperture of first nylon wire 2 and second nylon wire 4 is 12cm.First nylon wire and the second nylon wire
Using above-mentioned aperture, be conducive to the climbing of balsam pear vines.
The present embodiment promotes balsam pear to do sth. in advance the set in brickwork method of the built device got bumper crops progress, same embodiment using above-mentioned
1。
The present embodiment does sth. in advance the built device got bumper crops progress built implantation methods using above-mentioned promotion balsam pear, including as follows
Step：
Step 1：Seed of bitter gourd is taken, is put into 58 DEG C of water and impregnates 45min, pull out, 11h is impregnated with room temperature water, pulls out, use room
It warm water washing 3 times, is filtered dry, then the 700 times of liquid disinfectant 35min of carbendazol wettable powder for being 70% with mass percent, pulls out,
It is rinsed 3 times, is filtered dry with room temperature water；It is placed in 29 DEG C of vernalization.After seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, point is sowed in the hole tray for installing seedling medium, often
Regulate reason.
Step 2：Site preparation bedding
Planting site is digged, the depth digged is 12cm.
Fertilising, the fertilising are to apply Chicken dung 380kg and compound fertilizer 22kg per acre；In the compound fertilizer, N, P2O5With
K2The mass percentage summation of O three is >=45%, and the mass ratio of N, P, K are 15:15:15.
Leveling, be divided into it is multiple be parallel to each other and spaced ridge-up bed, the width of the ridge-up bed is 95cm, adjacent ridge-up bed
Spacing be 25cm；And black mulch film is covered on each ridge-up bed.
Step 3：Field planting
When seedling length to 4 leaf, 1 heart or 51 heart of leaf in the hole tray in step 1, migrate in the ridge-up bed of step 2；It is described
The spacing in the rows of transplanting is 1.6m, line-spacing 1m-1.1m, and each ridge-up bed plants 1 row, 420 plants/acre.
Step 4：Built
Built is carried out according to above-mentioned set in brickwork method；
Step 5：Training
The climing phase is stretched in balsam pear, by length<The mitogenetic son of the main stem of 20cm is climing all to be extractd, by length >=20cm main stem
Climing stalwartness for retaining 4-6 item of mitogenetic son it is climing, the knot melon as balsam pear growth early period is climing, and by the first nylon in its draws climing
Net 2；
When main stem length reaches 1.9m, in draws climing on the second nylon wire 4, the mitogenetic son of main stem is climing all to be retained, and will be led
Climing and son is climing to be arranged by different directions, it is made to be uniformly distributed the knot climbed on the second nylon wire 4, as balsam pear the middle and late growth stage
Melon is climing；
Step 6：Pollination
Early period is grown in balsam pear, in daily 8:00-10:00 period carried out artificial pollination；Balsam pear the middle and late growth stage, into
Row spontaneous pollination；
Step 7：Fertilizer and water management
After balsam pear flowering and fruit bearing, potash fertilizer is imposed, imposes the dosage of potash fertilizer as 28kg per acre.Later, a collection of balsam pear has often been plucked,
Continue to impose potash fertilizer；The dosage for continuing to impose potash fertilizer is 22kg per acre.
Step 8：The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Prevent and treat downy mildew and prevention and treatment trialeurodes vaporariorum；The prevention and treatment downy mildew is specially：Mass percent is used to kill for 70%
700 times of liquid of malicious alum wettable powder, spray blade face, spray 70L per acre；The prevention and treatment trialeurodes vaporariorum is specially：Using avermectin
1200 times of liquid of missible oil spray blade back, spray 70L per acre.
Step 9：Timely collecting
When melon skin is glossy emerald green, the white white green oil of skin melon is bright, sugar-preserved gourd turgor, and the striped on melon skin obviously expands or warty
Obvious protrusion can harvest.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment promotes balsam pear to do sth. in advance the built device got bumper crops, with embodiment 1.
Wherein, the material of the every rack leg be bamboo pole, the every connecting rod 3 material be waddy.Bracket
Leg, connecting rod use bamboo pole or waddy, draw materials more convenient, low in cost.
The distance between described four foot props, 1 top of adjacent two in each four foot prop area is 1.6m.Due to hardship
The spacing in the rows of melon plantation is 1.5m-1.6m, line-spacing 1.0m-1.1m, above-mentioned distance is used between two adjacent four foot props, favorably
In the climing climbing of balsam pear stem.
The top of four rack legs is hinged by iron wire in each four foot prop 1, the every bracket
The bottom end oblique cutting of leg enters the depth in the soil of the ridge-up bed and is 25cm and is 40 ° with the angle ɑ of the ridge-up bed length direction.It is logical
Cross iron wire rack leg is hinged, it in actual operation, can be more convenient and flexible.
Between first nylon wire 2 and the every rack leg in each four foot prop area, the connecting rod 3 with it is multiple
Between four foot prop 1 and between each second nylon wire 3 and the more connecting rods 4, pass through rope or iron wire
It is fixed.Between first nylon wire and every rack leg, between connecting rod and four foot props and between the second nylon wire and connecting rod
Tightened by rope or iron wire fixation, it can be more preferable with fixed effect.
The lower end of first nylon wire 2 and the vertical range of the ridge-up bed are 25cm, and upper end is vertical with the ridge-up bed
Distance is 2m.Above-mentioned parameter is used between first nylon wire and ridge-up bed, and it is long mitogenetic to institute after 20cm-30cm to be conducive to balsam pear main stem
The climing climbing of son.
The aperture of first nylon wire 2 and second nylon wire 4 is 15cm.First nylon wire and the second nylon wire
Using above-mentioned aperture, be conducive to the climbing of balsam pear vines.
The present embodiment promotes balsam pear to do sth. in advance the set in brickwork method of the built device got bumper crops progress, same embodiment using above-mentioned
1。
The present embodiment does sth. in advance the built device got bumper crops progress built implantation methods using above-mentioned promotion balsam pear, including as follows
Step：
Step 1：Seed of bitter gourd is taken, is put into 60 DEG C of water and impregnates 40min, pull out, 12h is impregnated with room temperature water, pulls out, use room
It warm water washing 3 times, is filtered dry, then the 800 times of liquid disinfectant 40min of carbendazol wettable powder for being 70% with mass percent, pulls out,
It is rinsed 3 times, is filtered dry with room temperature water；It is placed in 30 DEG C of vernalization.After seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, point is sowed in the hole tray for installing seedling medium, often
Regulate reason.
Step 2：Site preparation bedding
Planting site is digged, the depth digged is 15cm.
Fertilising, the fertilising are to apply Chicken dung 4000kg and compound fertilizer 25kg per acre；In the compound fertilizer, N, P2O5With
K2The mass percentage summation of O three is >=45%, and the mass ratio of N, P, K are 15:15:15.
Leveling, be divided into it is multiple be parallel to each other and spaced ridge-up bed, the width of the ridge-up bed is 100cm, adjacent furrow
The spacing of bed is 30cm；And black mulch film is covered on each ridge-up bed.
Step 3：Field planting
When seedling length to 4 leaf, 1 heart or 51 heart of leaf in the hole tray in step 1, migrate in the ridge-up bed of step 2；It is described
The spacing in the rows of transplanting is 1.6m, line-spacing 1.1m, and each ridge-up bed plants 1 row, 450 plants/acre.
Step 4：Built
Built is carried out according to above-mentioned set in brickwork method；
Step 5：Training
The climing phase is stretched in balsam pear, by length<The mitogenetic son of the main stem of 20cm is climing all to be extractd, by length >=20cm main stem
Climing stalwartness for retaining 4-6 item of mitogenetic son it is climing, the knot melon as balsam pear growth early period is climing, and by the first nylon in its draws climing
Net 2；
When main stem length reaches 2.0m, in draws climing on the second nylon wire 4, the mitogenetic son of main stem is climing all to be retained, and will be led
Climing and son is climing to be arranged by different directions, it is made to be uniformly distributed the knot climbed on the second nylon wire 4, as balsam pear the middle and late growth stage
Melon is climing；
Step 6：Pollination
Early period is grown in balsam pear, in daily 8:00-10:00 period carried out artificial pollination；Balsam pear the middle and late growth stage, into
Row spontaneous pollination；
Step 7：Fertilizer and water management
After balsam pear flowering and fruit bearing, potash fertilizer is imposed, imposes the dosage of potash fertilizer as 30kg per acre.Later, a collection of balsam pear has often been plucked,
Continue to impose potash fertilizer；The dosage for continuing to impose potash fertilizer is 25kg per acre.
Step 8：The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Prevent and treat downy mildew and prevention and treatment trialeurodes vaporariorum；The prevention and treatment downy mildew is specially：Mass percent is used to kill for 70%
800 times of liquid of malicious alum wettable powder, spray blade face, spray 80L per acre；The prevention and treatment trialeurodes vaporariorum is specially：Using avermectin
1500 times of liquid of missible oil spray blade back, spray 80L per acre.
Step 9：Timely collecting
When melon skin is glossy emerald green, the white white green oil of skin melon is bright, sugar-preserved gourd turgor, and the striped on melon skin obviously expands or warty
Obvious protrusion can harvest.
Comparative example 1
Unlike embodiment 1, comparative example 1 is different from the step 3 of embodiment 1, step 4 and step 5, i.e. comparative example
1 kind of plant strain number is 1500 plants/acre, and built mode is A-frame, and training type is that the climing whole of main stem 50-60cm or less is destroyed,
Remaining step is all identical.
Embodiment 1 and 1 pair of comparative example growth early period and the middle and late growth stage yield influence, see Table 1 for details.Embodiment 1 and right
Influence of the ratio 1 to net earnings, see Table 2 for details.
1 embodiment 1 of table and 1 pair of comparative example growth early period and the middle and late growth stage yield influence contrast table
The influence contrast table of 2 embodiment 1 of table and comparative example 1 to net earnings
Note：(1) calculating of early period, the middle and late growth stage and seed price is grown by the flat of the nearly 3 years prices actually occurred
Mean value computation.(2) net earnings is the difference of total revenue and seed expenditure, tool expenditure and artificial pesticide, fertilizer expenditure.Below
Together.
As shown in Table 1, embodiment 1 combines built mode by using four foot prop peace frames, and training type is growth
Stalwartness for retaining 4-6 item early period is climing climing as knot melon, and Later growth is all climbings on the first nylon wire, the second nylon wire
Under all climing wholes of son etc. extract, total output is 4100kg/ mu, and 1 total output of comparative example is 3440kg/ mus.
As shown in Table 2, it is 400 plants that embodiment 1 plants strain number per acre, and it is 1500 plants that comparative example 1 plants strain number per acre, is passed through
It calculates, 3200 yuan of net earnings per acre of embodiment 1,2330 yuan of net earnings per acre of comparative example 1.
Comparative example 2
Unlike embodiment 2, comparative example 2 is different from the step 3 of embodiment 2, step 4 and step 5, i.e. comparative example
2 kinds of plant strain numbers are 150 plants/acre, and built mode is flat frame, and training type is the climing whole of son of flat frame early growth below
It destroys, remaining step is all identical.
Embodiment 2 and 2 pairs of comparative example growth early period and the middle and late growth stage yield influence, see Table 3 for details.Embodiment 2 and right
Influence of the ratio 1 to net earnings, see Table 4 for details.
3 embodiment 2 of table and 2 pairs of comparative example growth early period and the middle and late growth stage yield influence contrast table
The influence contrast table of 4 embodiment 2 of table and comparative example 2 to net earnings
As shown in Table 3, embodiment 2 combines built mode by using four foot prop peace frames, and training type is growth
Stalwartness for retaining 4-6 item early period is climing climing as knot melon, and Later growth is all climbings on the first nylon wire, the second nylon wire
Under all climing wholes of son etc. extract, total output is 4570kg/ mu, and 1 total output of comparative example is 2745kg/ mus.
As shown in Table 4, it is 420 plants that embodiment 2 plants strain number per acre, and it is 150 plants that comparative example 1 plants strain number per acre, is passed through
It calculates, 3404 yuan of net earnings per acre of embodiment 2,1975 yuan of net earnings per acre of comparative example 1.
To sum up, the present invention is by the change of planting density, built mode and training type, to improve yield and pure receipts
Enter.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of built device for promoting balsam pear to do sth. in advance to get bumper crops, including it is multiple be parallel to each other and spaced ridge-up bed, feature
It is, further includes four foot prop area peace frames；
Four foot prop area is equipped with multiple and corresponding with each ridge-up bed respectively；Each four foot prop area includes multiple four
Foot prop (1) and the first nylon wire (2) for being used to surround above-mentioned multiple four foot props (1)；The multiple four foot prop (1) is along institute
State the length direction interval setting of ridge-up bed；Each four foot prop (1) includes four rack legs；Four rack legs are two-by-two
The two sides of the corresponding ridge-up bed are distributed in, top is hinged, and the equal oblique cutting in bottom end enters in the soil of the ridge-up bed；
The flat frame includes more connecting rods (3) and the second nylon wire (4) for being covered on above above-mentioned more connecting rods (3),
The more connecting rods (3) link together the top of multiple four foot props (1).
2. a kind of built device for promoting balsam pear to do sth. in advance to get bumper crops according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the every branch
Frame leg, the every connecting rod (3) material be bamboo pole or waddy；Described in adjacent two in each four foot prop area
The distance between four foot props (1) top is 1.5m-1.6m.
3. a kind of built device for promoting balsam pear to do sth. in advance to get bumper crops according to claim 1, which is characterized in that each described four
The top of four rack legs is hinged by rope or iron wire in foot prop (1), and the bottom end of the every rack leg is oblique
The depth being inserted into the soil of the ridge-up bed is 20cm-25cm and is 30 ° -40 ° with the angle ɑ of the ridge-up bed length direction.
4. a kind of built device for promoting balsam pear to do sth. in advance to get bumper crops according to claim 1, which is characterized in that each four foot prop
First nylon wire (2) in area and between the every rack leg, the connecting rod (3) and multiple four foot props (1)
Between and each second nylon wire (3) and the more connecting rods (4) between, fixed by rope or iron wire.
5. a kind of built device for promoting balsam pear to do sth. in advance to get bumper crops according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first Buddhist nun
The vertical range of the lower end of imperial net (2) and the ridge-up bed is 20cm-25cm, and the vertical range of upper end and the ridge-up bed is 1.5m-
2m；The aperture of first nylon wire (2) and second nylon wire (4) is 10cm-15cm.
6. a kind of promote balsam pear to do sth. in advance the set in brickwork side of the built device got bumper crops progress using claim 1-5 is described in any item
Method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Four rack legs are taken, oblique cutting enters in the soil of ridge-up bed two sides two-by-two, and the top of four rack legs is hinged, shape
At four foot prop (1)；According to this, multiple spaced four foot props (1) are built along the length direction of ridge-up bed；With the first nylon
Net (2) surrounds above-mentioned multiple four foot props (1), forms the four foot prop areas an of ridge-up bed；
In the manner described above, four foot prop areas of multiple ridge-up beds are formed；
More connecting rods (3) are taken, the top of multiple four foot props (1) is linked together；In the top of more connecting rods (3)
The second nylon wire (4) are covered, flat frame is formed.
7. a kind of method set in brickwork according to claim 6 promotes balsam pear to do sth. in advance the implantation methods got bumper crops, which is characterized in that
Include the following steps：
Step 1：Nursery
Seed of bitter gourd is taken, is sterilized, vernalization, after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, point is sowed in the hole tray for installing seedling medium, Routine Management；
Step 2：Site preparation bedding
Planting site is digged, is applied fertilizer, leveling, be divided into it is multiple be parallel to each other and spaced ridge-up bed, and covered on each ridge-up bed
Lid black mulch film；
Step 3：Field planting
When seedling length to 4 leaf, 1 heart or 51 heart of leaf in the hole tray in step 1, migrate in the ridge-up bed of step 2；
Step 4：Built
Set in brickwork method carries out built according to claim 6；
Step 5：Training
The climing phase is stretched in balsam pear, by length<The mitogenetic son of the main stem of 20cm is climing all to be extractd, and length >=20cm main stem is divided
Climing stalwartness for retaining 4-6 item of raw son is climing, and the knot melon as balsam pear growth early period is climing, and by the first nylon wire in its draws climing
(2)；
When main stem length reaches 1.8m-2.0m, in draws climing on the second nylon wire (4), the mitogenetic son of main stem is climing all to be retained, will
Main stem and son are climing by different directions arrangement, so that it is uniformly distributed climbing on the second nylon wire (4), as balsam pear the middle and late growth stage
Knot melon it is climing；
Step 6：Pollination
Early period is grown in balsam pear, in daily 8:00-10:00 period carried out artificial pollination；Balsam pear the middle and late growth stage carries out certainly
So pollination；
Step 7：Fertilizer and water management
After balsam pear flowering and fruit bearing, potash fertilizer is imposed, later, a collection of balsam pear has often been plucked, has continued to impose potash fertilizer；
Step 8：The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Prevent and treat downy mildew and prevention and treatment trialeurodes vaporariorum；
Step 9：Timely collecting.
8. according to claim 7 promote balsam pear to do sth. in advance the built implantation methods got bumper crops, which is characterized in that in step 1, institute
The method for stating disinfection is：Seed of bitter gourd is put into 55 DEG C of -60 DEG C of water and impregnates 40min-50min, pulls out, is impregnated with room temperature water
10h-12h is pulled out, is rinsed 2-3 times, is filtered dry with room temperature water, then the carbendazol wettable powder for being 70% with mass percent
600-800 times of liquid disinfectant 30min-40min, is pulled out, is rinsed 2-3 times, is filtered dry with room temperature water；The temperature of the vernalization be 28 DEG C-
30℃。
9. according to claim 7 promote balsam pear to do sth. in advance the built implantation methods got bumper crops, which is characterized in that in step 2, institute
Stating the depth digged is 10cm-15cm；The fertilising is to apply Chicken dung 3500kg-4000kg and compound fertilizer 20kg- per acre
25kg；The width of the ridge-up bed is 90cm-100cm, and the spacing of adjacent ridge-up bed is 20cm-30cm.
10. according to claim 7 promote balsam pear to do sth. in advance the built implantation methods got bumper crops, which is characterized in that in step 3,
The spacing in the rows of the transplanting is 1.5m-1.6m, line-spacing 1.0m-1.1m, and each ridge-up bed plants 1 row, 400 plants/acre -450 plants/acre；
In step 7, the dosage for imposing potash fertilizer is 25kg-30kg per acre；The dosage for continuing to impose potash fertilizer is 20kg- per acre
25kg；In step 8, the prevention and treatment downy mildew is specially：Use mass percent for 70% Sandofan wettable powder 600-
800 times of liquid, spray blade face, spray 60L-80L per acre；The prevention and treatment trialeurodes vaporariorum is specially：Using abamectin emulsifiable concentrate 1000-
1500 times of liquid spray blade back, spray 60L-80L per acre.
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| CN110235709A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-17 | 澧县绿之源生态农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of balsam pear breeding time ahead of time |
| CN110896806A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-03-24 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | High-efficiency cultivation method of bitter gourds suitable for southern acid soil |
| CN111133961A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-12 | 惠东县奕强蔬菜专业合作社 | Planting frame device and big-top bitter gourd planting method based on planting frame device |
| CN111837730A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-10-30 | 舒城县明公农业开发有限责任公司 | Farming support frame based on temperature self-adaptation regulation |
| CN112640743A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-13 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Compound planting method for interplanting black cutworms and bitter gourds |
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Application publication date: 20181123 |