CN108845291A - A kind of underwater sound source positioning system and method based on phonon crystal sensing - Google Patents
A kind of underwater sound source positioning system and method based on phonon crystal sensing Download PDFInfo
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- CN108845291A CN108845291A CN201810602747.2A CN201810602747A CN108845291A CN 108845291 A CN108845291 A CN 108845291A CN 201810602747 A CN201810602747 A CN 201810602747A CN 108845291 A CN108845291 A CN 108845291A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/18—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using ultrasonic, sonic, or infrasonic waves
- G01S5/22—Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
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- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of underwater sound source positioning systems and method based on phonon crystal sensing, including sensing module, information acquisition module and auditory localization module；Incident acoustic wave is first acted on sensing module, then is received the acoustical signal of transmitted wave by information acquisition module and sent it to auditory localization module.It is rotated in sensing module using rotator control phonon crystal, converts electric signal for the pressure signal of phonon crystal transmitted wave by hydrophone.When it is zero that program controlling terminal, which is shown by information acquisition module acoustical signal amplitude collected, in auditory localization module, judge incident acoustic wave and phonon crystal surface in 49 ° of angles, thereby determine that orientation of the sound source relative to phonon crystal plane, in conjunction with the angle of phonon crystal rotation, it may be determined that orientation of the sound source relative to fixed reference system；Two orientation are obtained according to the sensing module that two cloth are placed on different location, in conjunction with the distance between two sensing modules, with inversion algorithm, determine the specific location of sound source in two-dimensional surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Underwater Detection fields, and in particular to a kind of underwater sound source positioning system based on phonon crystal sensing
And method.
Background technique
Most effective means of the sound wave as underwater energy and information conveyance, be widely used in remote underwater sound communication or
Underwater Target Detection.Using the acoustic intelligence received, militarily, it can perceive and find orientation where enemy's acoustic target；?
Ocean can carry out real-time tracking and monitoring to aquatiles such as whale globefish using upper.Currently, phase in the localization method of underwater sound source
Control battle array technology is more mature and is most widely used, the basic principle is that being based on Time Delay Estimation Techniques, is reached by measurement sound wave
The relative time delay of each array element, to estimate the distance and bearing of target.This method need to be by more array number and the complicated calculation of combination
Method improves detection accuracy, has the shortcomings that high power consumption, bulky.
In recent years, elastic wave characteristic of anomalous propagation in acoustic metamaterial causes the extensive concern of domestic and foreign scholars,
More and more research trends are applied in the design acoustics sensor device based on acoustic metamaterial in different sensing necks
Domain.If the abnormal sound Information Transmission Properties of acoustic metamaterial can be utilized, novel sound sensing element is constructed, will be expected to improve passing
The deficiency of system phased-array technique provides a kind of new mentality of designing for sound source detection.One dimensional flow curable type phonon crystal is most simple
A kind of acoustic metamaterial, it is simple with structure, be easy to construct, convenient for good characteristics such as real-time monitorings.In recent years, people is studied
Member has found that its intrinsic ultralow frequency sound forbidden band, the forbidden band are extremely sensitive to the incident angle of sound wave.The present invention will be based on this
Characteristic proposes a kind of underwater sound source positioning system and method based on phonon crystal sensing.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of novel underwater sound source positioning system based on phonon crystal sensing, realizes underwater sound source mesh
Target positioning, to make up deficiency existing for existing phased-array technique.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of underwater sound source positioning system based on phonon crystal sensing.The system is adopted by 2 sensing modules, 1 information
Collect module, 1 auditory localization module.Incident acoustic wave is first acted on 2 sensing modules, then receives transmitted wave by information acquisition module
Acoustical signal and send it to auditory localization module.It is rotated in sensing module using rotator control phonon crystal, by hydrophone
Electric signal is converted by the pressure signal of phonon crystal transmitted wave for information acquisition module acquisition.When auditory localization module intermediate range
Sequence controlling terminal is shown by information acquisition module acoustical signal amplitude collected when being zero, can determine whether incident acoustic wave and phonon crystal
Surface is in 49 ° of angles, it is possible thereby to orientation of the sound source relative to phonon crystal plane be determined, in conjunction with the angle of phonon crystal rotation
Degree can determine orientation of the sound source relative to fixed reference system (referential of the present invention establishes reference with fixed sensing module)；
Both direction can be obtained according to the sensor-based system that two cloth are placed on different location, in conjunction with the distance between two sensing modules,
With inversion algorithm, the specific location of sound source in two-dimensional surface can be determined.
Preferably, the phonon crystal is alternately arranged and is constituted by 4 layers of PMMA plate and 4 layers of water, when incident direction of wave travel with
When the phonon crystal surface is in 49 °, special all-bottom sound forbidden band will be generated, i.e., can not generate transmitted wave
Preferably, the running accuracy of the rotator is better than 0.001 °.
Preferably, the information acquisition module is using NI data collecting card as core, the acoustical signal of acquisition of transmission wave.
Preferably, the hydrophone belongs to piezoelectric material, can convert electric signal for pressure signal
Preferably, described that NI data collecting card acoustical signal collected and real-time display signal are received by Labview program
Waveform diagram.
Preferably, the sensing module that different location is placed on according to two cloth can obtain two differences about sound source
Orientation can orient the position of sound source in two-dimensional surface in conjunction with the known parameters between two sensing modules.
According to above-mentioned positioning system, the invention proposes a kind of underwater sound source localization method based on phonon crystal sensing,
Including as follows：
By two sensing modules with distance L1Arrangement in water, using the line of centres of two sensing modules as x-axis, then with
The center of one of sensing module is origin, then establishes y-axis with the line of centres of vertical two sensing modules, finally with vertical
Z-axis is established in the direction of x-y plane, if sensing module is positive around the rotation counterclockwise of reference axis, with left side sensing module 1 in Fig. 3
For, continuous continuous rotation phonon crystal has when the information mutation that information acquisition module receives and dies down by force, becomes again
By force, the incident acoustic wave direction of propagation and the surface of phonon crystal are at 49 ° of angles at this time, if phonon crystal rotation angle is θ3, and
Record rotation angle, θ3, since the rotation angle of phonon crystal is θ3Learn the angle on the surface of phonon crystal and horizontal plane at this time
For θ3, then by incidence wave direction and the surface of phonon crystal θ is obtained at 49 °1=θ3+ 49 °, similarly, θ can be obtained2=θ4+49°；By
In the distance L of two sensing modules1It is known that determining the distance L of sound source sensing module From Left2=| L1*sinθ2/sin(θ2-
θ1) |, distance L of the sound source apart from the right sensing module3=| L1*sinθ1/sin(θ2-θ1) |, according to sound source Distance-sensing module
Angle and distance obtain the sound source position in two-dimensional surface.
In above-mentioned localization method, when the information that information acquisition module receives mutates, Labview program issues report
It is alert.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) system structure design it is ingenious, it is simple, be easily achieved, cost is relatively low.The method of usual underwater sound source positioning uses
More arrays judge sound source, rely on complicated system, overall cost is higher, these the present invention overcomes the prior art are asked
Topic.
(2) traditional sound localization method need to be by complicated algorithm, and the method for the present invention algorithm is relatively simple, and precision is higher
(position error of 1km is 4.4m).
(3) compared with prior art, the present invention the characteristic with low-power consumption.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the system block diagram in embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the sensing module schematic diagram in embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of two-dimensional planar location in embodiment.
Numeral mark in figure：1-PMMA, 2- water, 3- hydrophone；
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment makees further specifically the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention
It is bright.But the scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment
A kind of underwater sound source positioning system based on phonon crystal sensing is present embodiments provided, as shown in Figure 1.The system
Including 2 sensing modules, 1 information acquisition module, 1 auditory localization module.When the incident acoustic wave and sensing module on the left side are made
With rear, the acoustic pressure force signal of transmitted wave is received by hydrophone and is translated into electric signal, then passes through information acquisition module general
Collected electric signal is transmitted to auditory localization module.
It is sensing module structural schematic diagram described in Fig. 2.Sensing module is made of phonon crystal+hydrophone+rotator.Figure
In, 1 is PMMA, and 2 be water, and 1 and 2 constitute PMMA- water-bound, and phonon crystal shares 4 layers of PMMA- water-bound, when extraneous incident sound
When wave is incident on phonon crystal surface, transmitted wave will be formed, the acoustic pressure force signal of transmitted wave is converted into electric signal through hydrophone.3
Electric signal can be converted for acoustic pressure force signal using piezoelectric material for hydrophone.Rotator controls the rotation of phonon crystal,
Running accuracy is 0.001 °, and rotation angle is fed back to sonic location system.Left figure in Fig. 2 is phonon crystal and hydrophone
Front view (being reference with right figure), figure right side is then rotator arrangements for disposing phonon crystal and hydrophone, left side use
Receiving sound wave, remaining five face sound-absorbing material wrapping and encapsulating, sound wave can not transmit, right side is then used to transmit signal,
Phonon crystal can be rotated around y-axis and z-axis.
Information acquisition module includes：Data collecting card, filter, signal amplifier, Labview program interface screen group
At.Data collecting card, sample frequency 100kHz are controlled by Labview.Real-time display signal wave is programmed using Labview
Shape.Phonon crystal azimuth recording when real-time waveform signal is zero by auditory localization module, by inversion algorithm as described in Figure 3
Obtain sound source position.It is apart L between two sensors in Fig. 31, using the line of centres of two sensing modules as x-axis, then with
The center of sensing module 1 is origin, then establishes y-axis with the line of centres of vertical two sensing modules, finally with vertical x-y plane
Direction establish z-axis.If phonon crystal around the direction of rotation of reference axis to be positive counterclockwise, by taking left side sensing module 1 as an example, no
The continuous rotation phonon crystal of disconnection, when the signal that information acquisition module receives mutates (have die down by force, become strong again), show into
The surface of sound wave direction and phonon crystal is penetrated into 49 ° of angles, if it is θ that it, which rotates angle,3.；At this point, Labview program issues report
It is alert, and record the rotation angle, θ of phonon crystal3, as shown in figure 3, since the rotation angle of phonon crystal is θ3Know phonon at this time
The surface of crystal and the angle of horizontal plane are θ3, and because the surface of incidence wave direction and phonon crystal at 49 °, θ1=θ3+
49 °, similarly, θ can be obtained2=θ4+49°；θ1Orientation for sound source away from left side sensing module 1, θ2It is sound source away from the right sensing module 2
Orientation, θ3For the angle that phonon crystal in the sensing module of the left side rotates, θ4For phonon crystal rotation in the sensing module of the right in Fig. 3
The angle turned；Due to the distance L of two sensing modules1It is known that the distance L of sound source sensing module 1 From Left can be determined2=|
L1*sinθ2/sin(θ2-θ1) |, distance L of the sound source apart from the right sensing module 23=| L1*sinθ1/sin(θ2-θ1) |, according to sound
The angle and distance of source Distance-sensing module can carry out the auditory localization in two-dimensional surface.
Present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, without departing substantially from design principle of the present invention, art technology
Any conspicuous improvement, replacement or the deformation that personnel can make all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of underwater sound source positioning system based on phonon crystal sensing, which is characterized in that including：Two or more sensing moulds
Block, information acquisition module and auditory localization module；The sensing module, the information acquisition module and the auditory localization
Module is sequentially connected；The sensing module can real-time tracking detect underwater sound wave signal, according to the different receiving angle of sound wave
Different signals is exported, and the output signal is sent to auditory localization module by information acquisition module；The auditory localization
Module is according to the output signal and combines the position and direction information of sensing module that the position of sound source is calculated.
2. the underwater sound source positioning system according to claim 1 based on phonon crystal sensing, which is characterized in that the biography
Feeling module includes rotator, phonon crystal and hydrophone (3)；The rotator can control the phonon crystal rotation；Institute
The transmitted wave pressure signal of phonon crystal can be converted to electric signal by stating hydrophone, and the electric signal is by the information collection mould
Block acquisition.
3. the underwater sound source positioning system according to claim 2 based on phonon crystal sensing, which is characterized in that the sound
Sub- crystal is alternately arranged by several layers PMMA plate and water and is constituted.
4. the underwater sound source positioning system according to claim 3 based on phonon crystal sensing, which is characterized in that the sound
Sub- crystal is preferably alternately arranged and is constituted by 4 layers of PMMA plate (1) and water (2).
5. the underwater sound source positioning system according to claim 4 based on phonon crystal sensing, which is characterized in that the sound
Sub- crystal when the surface of incident acoustic wave and phonon crystal is at 49 ° of angles can output amplitude be zero signal.
6. the underwater sound source positioning system according to claim 1 based on phonon crystal sensing, which is characterized in that the sound
The controlling terminal of source locating module is shown by signal acquisition module acoustical signal amplitude collected when being zero, obtain incident acoustic wave with
Phonon crystal surface is in 49 ° of angles, in conjunction with the angle that phonon crystal rotates, that is, can determine sound source relative to fixed reference system
Orientation；Both direction can be obtained according to the phonon crystal that two cloth are placed on different location, in conjunction between two phonon crystals
Distance is laid, with inversion algorithm, determines the specific location of sound source in two-dimensional surface.
7. the underwater sound source positioning system according to claim 1 based on phonon crystal sensing, which is characterized in that the letter
It ceases acquisition module and uses NI data collecting card；The auditory localization module is realized by Labview program.
8. a kind of underwater sound source localization method based on phonon crystal sensing, which is characterized in that by two sensing modules with distance L1
It arranges in water, using the line of centres of two sensing modules as x-axis, then using the center of one of sensing module as origin,
Y-axis is established with the line of centres of vertical two sensing modules again, z-axis is finally established with the direction of vertical x-y plane, if sensing mould
Block is positive around the rotation counterclockwise of reference axis, and by taking left side sensing module 1 in Fig. 3 as an example, continuous continuous rotation phonon crystal works as letter
The information that breath acquisition module receives mutates, that is, has and die down by force, become strong again, the incident acoustic wave direction of propagation and phonon are brilliant at this time
The surface of body is at 49 ° of angles, if phonon crystal rotation angle is θ3, and record rotation angle, θ3, due to the rotation of phonon crystal
Angle is θ3It learns the surface of phonon crystal at this time and the angle of horizontal plane is θ3, then by the table in incidence wave direction and phonon crystal
Face obtains θ at 49 °1=θ3+ 49 °, similarly, θ can be obtained2=θ4+49°；Due to the distance L of two sensing modules1It is known that determining sound
The distance L of source sensing module From Left2=| L1*sinθ2/sin(θ2-θ1) |, distance L of the sound source apart from the right sensing module3
=| L1*sinθ1/sin(θ2-θ1) |, the sound source in two-dimensional surface is obtained according to the angle of sound source Distance-sensing module and distance
Position.
9. a kind of underwater sound source localization method based on phonon crystal sensing according to claim 8, which is characterized in that also
Including：When the information that information acquisition module receives mutates, Labview program issues alarm.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN111059479A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-04-24 | 北京工业大学 | Pipeline defect phonon diagnosis system and implementation method |
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