CN108844026A - 一种垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯 - Google Patents
一种垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
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- F21S8/08—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard
- F21S8/085—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard of high-built type, e.g. street light
- F21S8/086—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard of high-built type, e.g. street light with lighting device attached sideways of the standard, e.g. for roads and highways
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- F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
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- F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
- F21V23/02—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being transformers, impedances or power supply units, e.g. a transformer with a rectifier
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,包括灯杆、灯臂、太阳能薄膜电池、垂直轴风力发电机、风机叶片、旋转式受电机构、灯具和电池组件,灯杆的底端固定于地面,电池组件包括箱体、电池组和风光互补路灯控制器,箱体设于灯杆上,电池组和风光互补路灯控制器设于箱体内,灯臂的一端与灯杆固接,灯具设置于灯臂的另一端上,垂直轴风力发电机和旋转式受电机构设于灯杆的顶部,风机叶片与垂直轴风力发电机连接,太阳能薄膜电池设于风机叶片上,太阳能薄膜电池与旋转式受电机构相连。本发明具有结构简洁新颖、技术先进、功能可靠、安装维护方便、操作简单、在冰雪天气中能正常工作、适用风力等级更高条件更宽广等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于清洁新能源智能照明技术领域,尤其涉及一种垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯。
背景技术
在21世纪之际,人类将面临实现经济和社会可持续发展的重大挑战,在有限资源和环保严格要求的双重制约下发展经济已成为全球热点问题。而能源问题将更为突出,不仅表现在常规能源的匮乏不足,更重要的是化石能源的开发利用带来了一系列问题,如环境污染、温室效应等,都与化石燃料的燃烧有关。在此背景下,“低碳足迹”、“低碳经济”、“低碳技术”、“低碳发展”、“低碳生活方式”、“低碳社会”、“低碳城市”和“低碳世界”等一系列新概念和新政策应运而生。而太阳能和风能等清洁能源以其独具的优势,其开发利用必将在21世纪得到长足的发展。其中,风光互补供电***是将太阳能和风能转化为电能的装置,由于采用了风力发电和太阳能发电互补(风光互补)的技术,有效地解决单一风力发电或太阳能发电设备发电不连续的问题,在无风或阴雨等气候条件下能够保证稳定可靠的供电效果。该***无空气污染、无噪音、不产生废弃物,是一种自然、清洁的能源,符合国家当前正在推广的低碳经济模式和资源节约型环境友好型的社会发展需求。目前风光互补发电技术发展非常迅猛,并得到了广泛的应用,特别是新型路灯行业。
现有的风光互补太阳能路灯在经历了多年的努力后,已得到了越来越多的认可和应用,市场出现了各式各样的风光互补型路灯。然而,市场上在用的风光互补型路灯,都是将风力发电机和太阳能电池板作为两个独立的工作单元。而这种模式的太阳能电池都是采用晶硅电池,安装在固定的路灯支架上,这种安装形式一旦遇到大雪冰冻天气,太阳能电池板遭到冰雪的覆盖后就失去发电功能了。另外这种安装形式的电池板容易受到大风的破坏,不适合用于沿海或大风地区。基于此种情况下,需要提供一种适用条件更加宽广,在冰雪、大风天气下仍可正常工作的风光互补抗风雪型路灯。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术存在的不足,提供一种结构简洁新颖、技术先进、功能可靠、安装维护方便、操作简单、在冰雪天气中能正常工作、适用风力等级更高条件更宽广的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提出的技术方案为:
一种垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,包括灯杆、灯臂、太阳能薄膜电池、垂直轴风力发电机、风机叶片、旋转式受电机构、灯具和电池组件,所述灯杆的底端固定于地面,所述电池组件包括箱体、电池组和能同时控制风力发电、太阳能发电以及电能使用及存储的风光互补路灯控制器,所述箱体设于所述灯杆上,所述电池组和所述风光互补路灯控制器设于所述箱体内,所述灯臂的一端与所述灯杆固接,所述灯具设置于所述灯臂的另一端上,所述垂直轴风力发电机和所述旋转式受电机构设于所述灯杆的顶部,所述风机叶片与所述垂直轴风力发电机连接,所述太阳能薄膜电池设于所述风机叶片上,所述太阳能薄膜电池与所述旋转式受电机构相连。
上述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,优选的,所述太阳能薄膜电池设于所述风机叶片的受光部位上,所述风机叶片的角度能被调节。
上述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,优选的,所述垂直轴风力发电机和所述旋转式受电机构均与所述风光互补路灯控制器电连接,所述风光互补路灯控制器与所述电池组电连接,所述电池组与所述灯具电连接。
上述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,优选的,所述灯杆的顶端设有避雷针。
上述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,优选的,所述垂直轴风力发电机为磁悬浮形式的发电机。
上述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,优选的,所述灯具包括LED灯和灯壳,所述LED灯沿所述灯壳的边缘设置,所述灯壳的中间位置还设有散热器。
上述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,优选的,所述太阳能薄膜电池之间相互并联连接,在每个所述太阳能薄膜电池的并联电路上均串联有自导通MOS管或二极管。
上述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,优选的,所述电池组为锂电池或钛酸锂电池或超级电容电池。
上述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,优选的,所述箱体的两侧设有防水封盖,所述防水封盖上设有用于将水导流至箱体下部排出的导水槽。
上述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,优选的,所述风光互补路灯控制器包括自适应功率电机控制模块,所述自适应功率电机控制模块在低风速时使充电电压升压,所述自适应功率电机控制模块在高风速时限制输出功率并对所述垂直轴风力发电机进行电磁制动,所述风光互补路灯控制器还包括具有最大电流、正常恒流和恒压三段充电方式的电池充电模块,在所述电池组电压过低时,所述电池充电模块自动断开负载,待所述电池组补充电量恢复正常电压后,所述电池充电模块自动恢复接通负载。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:
本发明的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,包括灯杆、灯臂、太阳能薄膜电池、垂直轴风力发电机、风机叶片、旋转式受电机构、灯具和电池组件,本发明能将风能发电和太阳能发电结合起来并形成互补,太阳能薄膜电池与旋转式受电机构相连,便于将太阳能薄膜电池产生的电能在不断旋转运动的情况下正常传输出去储存利用,由于将太阳能薄膜电池设于风机叶片上,太阳能薄膜电池安装角度大且会随风机叶片转动而转动,因此,太阳能薄膜电池表面的积雪会随之转动而掉落,即使在大雪天气太阳能薄膜电池照样能正常工作发电,解决了下雪天气路灯的太阳能电池盖雪后不能正常工作的难题,提高了路灯的太阳能电池在雨雪天气的工作效率。
从结构上来说,本发明的太阳能薄膜电池设于风机叶片上,无需单独设置太阳能电池板支架,简化减少了结构,同时路灯的主体受风面积大大减小,提高了沿海大风城市中风光互补型路灯的使用寿命和安全性,适用于风力等级更高的场合。此外,本发明具有发电效率高、结构简单、稳定性好、适用条件广、节能环保等优点。
附图说明
图1是实施例的主视结构示意图。
图2是实施例中灯具的结构示意图。
图3是实施例中电池组件的剖视图。
图4是实施例中电池组件的立体结构示意图。
图5是实施例中防水封盖的结构示意图。
图例说明:
1、灯杆;2、灯臂;3、太阳能薄膜电池;4、垂直轴风力发电机;5、风机叶片;6、旋转式受电机构;7、灯具;71、LED灯;72、灯壳;721、散热器;8、电池组件;81、箱体;82、防水封盖;821、导水槽;83、防水接线航插;84、风光互补路灯控制器;85、电池组;86、电池夹;9、避雷针。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明,下文将结合说明书附图和较佳的实施例对本发明做更全面、细致地描述,但本发明的保护范围并不限于以下具体实施例。
如图1所示,本实施例的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,包括灯杆1、灯臂2、太阳能薄膜电池3、垂直轴风力发电机4、风机叶片5、旋转式受电机构6、灯具7、和电池组件8,灯杆1与灯杆基座相连,灯杆基座通过螺栓固定在地面,电池组件8包括箱体81、电池组85和能同时控制风力发电、太阳能发电以及电能使用及存储的风光互补路灯控制器84,箱体设于灯杆1上,电池组85和风光互补路灯控制器84设于箱体81内,灯臂2的一端与灯杆1固接,灯具7设置于灯臂2的另一端上,垂直轴风力发电机4和旋转式受电机构6设于灯杆1的顶部,风机叶片5与垂直轴风力发电机4连接,太阳能薄膜电池3设于风机叶片5上,太阳能薄膜电池3与旋转式受电机构6相连。具体的,旋转式受电机构6为旋转触点受电器,旋转触点受电器安装固定在垂直轴风力发电机4的转动轴上,并随垂直轴风力发电机4旋转而转动,旋转触点受电器的碳刷在始终保持接触触点线内的前提下重复做旋转运动,可实现不间断的传输电能,旋转触点受电器上的碳刷是含铜碳的,坚韧耐压,导电性能好,有一定的润滑性。由于太阳能薄膜电池3安装至风机叶片5上,且安装角度大并会随风机叶片5的转动而转动,因此太阳能薄膜电池3表面的积雪会随之转动掉落,因此太阳能薄膜电池3的表面不会因严重积雪从而影响发电功能,有效解决了太阳能电池板在遭遇大雪覆盖而不能发电的问题,也避免了顶部安装固定式朝阳的大面积太阳能电池板的灯杆所出现的极容易被狂风刮倒的问题。
本实施例中,太阳能薄膜电池3设于风机叶片5的受光部位上,风机叶片5的角度能被调节,设置在受光部位便于提高太阳能薄膜电池3对太阳能的利用率,风机叶片5有活动范围,因此可以在一定的范围内调整风机叶片5的角度,针对不同地区太阳直射的角度不同进行调整,发电效率最大化的同时又能防止冰雪的覆盖。
本实施例中,垂直轴风力发电机4和旋转式受电机构6均与风光互补路灯控制器84电连接,风光互补路灯控制器84与电池组85电连接,电池组85与灯具7电连接,风光互补路灯控制器84可同时控制垂直轴风力发电机4和太阳能薄膜电池3将风能和太阳能转化为电能供直流负载使用,并将多余的电能存储到电池组85中,具有高效充电及多种自我保护功能,从而形成风光互补***。
本实施例中,灯杆1的顶端设有避雷针9,设置避雷针9有助于保护路灯避免雷击。
本实施例中,垂直轴风力发电机4为磁悬浮形式的发电机,磁悬浮形式的发电机的电机摩擦阻力小,启动风力小,使用寿命长,发电效率高。
如图2所示,本实施例中,灯具7包括LED灯71和灯壳72,LED灯沿灯壳72的边缘设置,灯壳72的中间位置还设有散热器721,灯具7采用一体化的设计,将LED灯71设置在灯壳72的四周,将发热点分散开,散热器721设置在灯壳72的中间位置,散热器721会与LED灯71的外侧空气对流散热,显著增加灯具7的使用寿命。
本实施例中,太阳能薄膜电池3之间相互并联连接,在每个太阳能薄膜电池3的并联电路上均串联有自导通MOS管或二极管,由于不同位置的太阳能薄膜电池3接受阳光照射的情况不同,这样设置背阴面和朝阳面的太阳能薄膜电池3的电流不会受到彼此的影响。
本实施例中,电池组85为锂电池或钛酸锂电池或超级电容电池。具体的,在南方温暖地区可采用常规锂电池,在北方寒冷地区采用钛酸锂电池或超级电容电池。现有的太阳能路灯电池都是铅电池或普通锂电池,使用温度范围有限,低温一般0~5度就不能正常工作了,特别是零下的温度不仅不能工作还会造成不可修复的损伤,所以很多都将电池深埋地下,这样维修检修都非常不便,采用超级电池并与风光互补路灯控制器84组合可以解决这一问题,钛酸锂电池或超级电容电池完全充放循环可超过10000次,且在-20℃甚至-40℃的低温环境下都能正常工作,适用条件更加宽广,电池组85可以通过箱体81整体安装固定在灯杆1上,不需要深埋地下布线,安装维护方便。
如图3至图5所示,本实施例中,箱体81的两侧设有防水封盖82,防水封盖82上设有用于将水导流至箱体81下部排出的导水槽821。具体的,导水槽821包括底边和防溢流边,底边的一端与防水封盖82连接,底边的另一端与防溢流边连接,防水封盖82上还设有防水接线航插83,电池组85通过电池夹86固定后放置于箱体81中,风光互补路灯控制器84固定安装在电池夹86的侧面。由于防水封盖82上设置了导水槽821,可以将雨水引导至箱体下部的出水孔流出,可以机械防止水进入箱体内,从而不需要打防水密封胶,可直接安装于灯杆1上,不需要深埋地下,拆装维修方便。
本实施例中,风光互补路灯控制器84包括自适应功率电机控制模块,自适应功率电机控制模块在低风速时使充电电压升压,自适应功率电机控制模块在高风速时限制输出功率并对垂直轴风力发电机进行电磁制动。低风速时充电电压升压,使垂直轴风力发电机4在较低转速时即可对电池组85充电,高风速时限制输出功率,并具有电磁制动功能,可以防止风机转速过快,还可以限制发电量突然过大,以免损坏垂直轴风力发电机4和电池组85或影响其寿命,这样本实施例的路灯在大风或是小风情况下均能照常工作,风光互补路灯控制器84还包括具有最大电流、正常恒流和恒压三段充电方式的电池充电模块,在电池组85电压过低时,电池充电模块自动断开负载,待电池组85补充电量恢复正常电压后,电池充电模块自动恢复接通负载。最大电流是指限制充电的最大电流使得充电电流不会过大,从而起到保护电池的作用,正常恒流、恒压是指保证正常恒定的电流及电压来对电池进行充电,该电池充电模块对电池组85实施限流恒压的方式充电,能确保电池组85既可以快速充满又不会损坏,并能保持恒压浮充,随时补充电池自身漏电损失,电池组85电压过低时自动断开负载,防止电池过度放电而损坏,待电池组85补充电量而使电压恢复正常后,自动恢复接通负载。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上,然而并非用以限定本发明。任何熟悉本领域的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围的情况下,都可利用上述揭示的技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰,或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此,凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰,均应落在本发明技术方案保护的范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,其特征在于:包括灯杆(1)、灯臂(2)、太阳能薄膜电池(3)、垂直轴风力发电机(4)、风机叶片(5)、旋转式受电机构(6)、灯具(7)和电池组件(8),所述灯杆(1)的底端固定于地面,所述电池组件(8)包括箱体(81)、电池组(85)和能同时控制风力发电、太阳能发电以及电能使用及存储的风光互补路灯控制器(84),所述箱体(81)设于所述灯杆(1)上,所述电池组(85)和所述风光互补路灯控制器(84)设于所述箱体(81)内,所述灯臂(2)的一端与所述灯杆(1)固接,所述灯具(7)设置于所述灯臂(2)的另一端上,所述垂直轴风力发电机(4)和所述旋转式受电机构(6)设于所述灯杆(1)的顶部,所述风机叶片(5)与所述垂直轴风力发电机(4)连接,所述太阳能薄膜电池(3)设于所述风机叶片(5)上,所述太阳能薄膜电池(3)与所述旋转式受电机构(6)相连。
2.根据权利要求1所述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,其特征在于:所述太阳能薄膜电池(3)设于所述风机叶片(5)的受光部位上,所述风机叶片(5)的角度能被调节。
3.根据权利要求1所述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,其特征在于:所述垂直轴风力发电机(4)和所述旋转式受电机构(6)均与所述风光互补路灯控制器(84)电连接,所述风光互补路灯控制器(84)与所述电池组(85)电连接,所述电池组(85)与所述灯具(7)电连接。
4.根据权利要求1所述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,其特征在于:所述灯杆(1)的顶端设有避雷针(9)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,其特征在于:所述垂直轴风力发电机(4)为磁悬浮形式的发电机。
6.根据权利要求1所述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,其特征在于:所述灯具(7)包括LED灯(71)和灯壳(72),所述LED灯(71)沿所述灯壳(72)的边缘设置,所述灯壳(72)的中间位置还设有散热器(721)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,其特征在于:所述太阳能薄膜电池(3)之间相互并联连接,在每个所述太阳能薄膜电池(3)的并联电路上均串联有自导通MOS管或二极管。
8.根据权利要求1所述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,其特征在于:所述电池组(85)为锂电池或钛酸锂电池或超级电容电池。
9.根据权利要求1所述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,其特征在于:所述箱体(81)的两侧设有防水封盖(82),所述防水封盖(82)上设有用于将水导流至箱体(81)下部排出的导水槽(821)。
10.根据权利要求1所述的垂直轴整体旋转型风光互补发电抗风雪路灯,其特征在于:所述风光互补路灯控制器(84)包括自适应功率电机控制模块,所述自适应功率电机控制模块在低风速时使充电电压升压,所述自适应功率电机控制模块在高风速时限制输出功率并对所述垂直轴风力发电机(4)进行电磁制动,所述风光互补路灯控制器(84)还包括具有最大电流、正常恒流和恒压三段充电方式的电池充电模块,在所述电池组(85)电压过低时,所述电池充电模块自动断开负载,待所述电池组(85)补充电量恢复正常电压后,所述电池充电模块自动恢复接通负载。
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