Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address the precision compensation methods of existing machinery five-axis machining apparatus not to be suitable for five axis laser
Process equipment, the problem of not can guarantee laser process equipment machining accuracy, propose a kind of RTCP of five axis laser process equipments
Precision compensation method.This method has filled up the blank in the field, by using this method ensure that five axis of laser process equipment joins
Dynamic machining accuracy, and since this method has certain versatility, it is borrowed for the laser process equipment of other diversified forms
Mirror, such as laser ablation, laser boring, laser cleaning.
The technical scheme is that:
A kind of five axis laser process equipment RTCP precision compensation methods, the five axis laser process equipment includes XYZ tri-
Linear axis, A rotary shaft, C rotary shaft, the A rotary shaft, C rotary shaft surround X-axis respectively, the axis of Z axis is rotated,
Include the following steps:
1) Z-direction vector, laser central beam axis to A rotation axis that laser processing point arrives A rotation axis are obtained respectively
The vector of vector, laser central beam axis to C rotation axis;
2) accuracy compensation of RTCP function will be completed in each group parameter input control system.
Further, the Z-direction vector that laser processing point to A rotation axis are obtained in step 1) specifically includes following steps,
1.11) dressing plate is set on equipment workbench, and the length of the dressing plate is respectively parallel to process
The X-axis of equipment, Y-axis, Z axis;
1.12) C rotary shaft is rotated to 90 °, A rotary shaft is rotated to 90 °;
1.13) laser processing point is moved to dressing plate right side, records X axis coordinate;
1.14) C rotary shaft will be rotated to 270 °, mobile X-axis makes laser processing point be moved to dressing plate left side, records
△ X value of the X-axis relative to step 1.13) at this time;
1.15) half of △ X and h difference is the Z-direction vector for laser machining point and arriving A rotation axis, and h is that dressing plate is long
Degree.
Further, in step 1.13), displacement sensor is provided on laser Machining head, by reading displacement sensing
The value of device obtains X axis coordinate value.
Further, the vector for laser central beam axis to A rotation axis being obtained in step 1) specifically includes following steps,
1.21) dressing plate is fixed on equipment workbench;
1.22) C rotary shaft is rotated to 0 °, A rotary shaft is rotated to 90 ° of positions, by laser processing point in dressing plate
Front surface process the first mark point, recording equipment Z axis coordinate;
1.23) C rotary shaft is rotated 180 °, laser processing point is moved to step 1.22) by A rotary shaft to -90 ° of positions
The first mark point at, and record Z axis coordinate at this time;
1.24) half of step 1.22) and Z axis coordinate difference in step 1.23) is rotated as laser central beam axis to A
The Y-direction component of axis vector;
1.25) C rotary shaft is rotated to 90 °, A rotary shaft is rotated to 90 °, using laser processing point on the left of dressing plate
Face processes the second mark point, records Z axis coordinate at this time;
1.26) C rotary shaft is rotated to 270 °, A rotary shaft is rotated to -90 °, and laser processing point is moved to step
1.25) at the second mark point, and Z axis coordinate at this time is recorded;
1.27) half of step 1.25) and Z axis coordinate difference in step 1.26) is rotated as laser central beam axis to A
The X of axis vector is to component;
1.28) Y-direction component and step of the laser central beam axis obtained by step 1.24) to A rotation axis vector
The rapid laser central beam axis 1.27) obtained obtains laser central beam axis and rotates to A to the X of A rotation axis vector to component
The vector of axis.
Further, the vector for laser central beam axis to C rotation axis being obtained in step 1) specifically includes following steps,
1.31) dressing plate is fixed on equipment workbench;
1.32) C rotary shaft is rotated to 0 °, A rotary shaft rotates to 0 ° of position, using laser processing point on dressing plate
Surface processes third mark point, records equipment X axis coordinate at this time;
1.33) C rotary shaft is rotated to 180 °, 0 ° of position of A rotary shaft is constant, and laser processing point is moved to step
1.32) at third mark point, equipment X axis coordinate at this time is recorded;
1.34) half of step 1.32) and X axis coordinate difference in step 1.33) is rotated as laser central beam axis to C
The X of axis vector is to component;
1.35) C rotary shaft is rotated to 90 °, 0 ° of position of A rotary shaft is constant, using laser processing point on dressing plate
Surface processes the 4th mark point, records equipment Y axis coordinate at this time;
1.36) C rotary shaft is rotated to 270 °, 0 ° of position of A rotary shaft is constant, and laser processing point is moved to step
1.35) at the 4th mark point, equipment Y axis coordinate at this time is recorded;
1.37) half of step 1.35) and Y axis coordinate difference in step 1.36) is rotated as laser central beam axis to C
The Y-direction component of axis vector;
1.38) the laser central beam axis obtained by step 1.34) is to the X of C rotation axis vector to component and step
The rapid laser central beam axis 1.37) obtained obtains laser central beam axis and rotates to C to the Y-direction component of C rotation axis vector
The vector of axis.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following technical effects:
The invention proposes a kind of precision compensation methods using five-axle linkage RTCP function process equipment, pass through this method
The five axes interpolation precision of laser process equipment can be improved, and filled up and be related to laser machining five axis equipment about RTCP precision benefit
The blank repaid.
Specific embodiment
The contents of the present invention are described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:
As shown in Figure 1, five axis laser process equipments of the invention be existing cutter rotation type, i.e., double pendulum header structure plus
Construction equipment, the equipment include five axis of XYZAC, and wherein A rotary shaft, C rotary shaft are double pendulum axis, laser Machining head can be driven to realize
Rotation and beat movement;XYZ axis is linear axis, and part to be processed can be driven to realize linear motion.Above-mentioned XYZ axis is formed by flute
The positive direction of karr coordinate system meets the right-hand rule, and A rotary shaft, the direction of motion of C rotary shaft are respectively around X-axis, the axis of Z axis
Line is rotated, and the positive direction of rotation meets right-hand screw rule, and (thumb is directed toward the positive direction of axis, four directions referred to
For the movement positive direction of rotary shaft).
As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention provides a kind of RTCP precision compensation method of five axis laser process equipments, this method master
The measurement of three groups of parameters is contained, is Z-direction vector, laser central beam axis to A that laser processing point arrives A rotation axis respectively
To the vector of C rotary shaft, the accuracy compensation of each group parameter respectively includes as follows the vector and laser central beam axis of rotary shaft
Step:
1) the Z-direction vector of point P to A rotation axis is laser machined;
1.1) dressing plate known to a thickness is fixed on equipment workbench, dressing plate length is respectively parallel to
The X-axis of process equipment, Y-axis, Z axis, the face that dressing plate is parallel to X-axis is front surface, and dressing plate is parallel to the face of Y-axis as a left side
Side, the face that dressing plate is parallel to X/Y plane is upper surface;It is 0 ° that C rotary shaft, which is defined, in negative X-direction, defines A rotary shaft
It is 0 ° in negative Z-direction;
1.2) C rotary shaft is rotated to 90 °, A rotary shaft is rotated to 90 °;
1.3) laser processing point is moved to dressing plate right side, records X axis coordinate;
1.4) for rotation C rotary shaft to 270 °, mobile X-axis makes laser processing point be moved to dressing plate left side, records this
When △ X value of the X-axis relative to step 1.3);
1.5) (△ X- dressing plate length)/2 are the vertical range for laser machining point and arriving A rotation axis;
2) vector of the laser central beam axis to A rotation axis;
2.1) dressing plate is fixed on equipment workbench;
2.2) C rotary shaft is rotated to 0 °, A rotary shaft rotates to 90 ° of positions, using laser processing point in dressing plate
Front surface processes the first mark point, records equipment Z axis coordinate at this time;
2.3) C rotary shaft is rotated 180 °, adjusts A rotary shaft later to -90 ° of positions, laser processing point is moved to step
At rapid the first mark point 2.2), and record Z axis coordinate at this time;
2.4) step 2.2) is with the half of Z axis coordinate difference in step 2.3) as laser central beam axis to A rotary shaft
The Y-direction component of line vector;
2.5) C rotary shaft is rotated to 90 °, A rotary shaft is rotated to 90 °, using laser processing point on the left of dressing plate
Face processes the second mark point, records Z axis coordinate at this time;
2.6) C rotary shaft is rotated to 270 °, A rotary shaft is rotated to -90 °, and laser processing point is moved to step 2.5)
The second mark point at, and record Z axis coordinate at this time;
2.7) step 2.5) is with the half of Z axis coordinate difference in step 2.6) as laser central beam axis to A rotary shaft
The X of line vector is to component;
2.8) Y-direction component and step of the laser central beam axis obtained by step 2.4) to A rotation axis vector
2.7) the laser central beam axis obtained obtains laser central beam axis to A rotary shaft to the X of A rotation axis vector to component
The vector of line;
3) vector of the laser central beam axis to C rotary shaft;
3.1) dressing plate is fixed on equipment workbench;
3.2) C rotary shaft is rotated to 0 °, A rotary shaft rotates to 0 ° of position, using laser processing point on dressing plate
Surface processes third mark point, records X axis coordinate at this time;
3.3) C rotary shaft is rotated to 180 °, 0 ° of position of A rotary shaft is constant, and laser processing point is moved to the of step 2
At three mark points, record X axis coordinate at this time;
3.4) step 3.2) is with the half of X axis coordinate difference in step 3.3) as laser central beam axis to C rotary shaft
The X of line vector is to component;
3.5) C rotary shaft is rotated to 90 °, 0 ° of position of A rotary shaft is constant, uses laser processing point table on dressing plate
Face processes the 4th mark point, records equipment Y axis coordinate at this time;
3.6) C rotary shaft is rotated to 270 °, 0 ° of position of A rotary shaft is constant, and laser processing point is moved to the of step 5
At four mark points, equipment Y axis coordinate at this time is recorded;
3.7) step 3.5) is with the half of Y axis coordinate difference in step 3.6) as laser central beam axis to C rotary shaft
The Y-direction component of line vector;
3.8) the laser central beam axis obtained by step 3.4) is to the X of C rotation axis vector to component and step
3.7) the laser central beam axis obtained obtains laser central beam axis to C rotary shaft to the Y-direction component of C rotation axis vector
The vector of line;
4) by above method by after the completion of three groups of parameter detectings, then each group parameter is input in control system and is completed
The accuracy compensation of RTCP function;
In numerical control multi-shaft Interpolation Process, the position that digital control system calculates each interpolated point on machining path first (includes
Interpolated point coordinate and direction vector), then interpolated point position is converted to the movement position coordinate of five axis of XYZAC, it is inserted each
Mend biasing caused by the movement of AC rotary shaft in the period all must be compensated by XYZ axis, therefore digital control system is on obtaining
After stating offset data, according to the relative positional relationship between AC rotary shaft on the direction XYZ, calculates lathe XYZ axis and revolved in AC
Bias compensation amount in shaft Interpolation Process to realize RTCP function, and greatly improves processing efficiency and machining accuracy with this.
Wherein, above-mentioned steps 1), the tandem present invention of step 2) and step 3) do not require, as long as this can be obtained
Invent three groups of parameters, i.e., it is rapid 1), the tandem of step 2) and step 3) it is interchangeable.
It is as follows using the specific embodiment of the method for the present invention:
The accuracy compensation parameter of RTCP includes several vectors, and each vector forms vector closed loop, and this method is directed to
(laser processing point arrives a Z-direction vector for A rotation axis, the vector of laser central beam axis to C rotation axis and sharp for these vectors
Vector of the beam center axis to the first rotary shaft) scaling method is provided, and then realize the accuracy compensation of RTCP;
1) laser processing point arrives the Z-direction vector of A rotation axis;
1.1) dressing plate that a length is 10mm is fixed on the table;
1.2) C rotary shaft is rotated to 90 °, A rotary shaft is rotated to 90 °;
1.3) displacement sensor is installed on laser Machining head, then laser processing point is moved on the right side of dressing plate
Face, reading displacement sensor indicating value F at this time, (value characterizes laser processing point when falling on dressing plate, and displacement sensor arrives
The distance of dressing plate), and record X axis coordinate;
1.4) for rotation C rotary shaft to 270 °, mobile X-axis, which makes laser processing point be moved to dressing plate left side, (ensures this
When displacement sensor indicating value be F), record △ X of the X-axis relative to step 1.3) at this time;
1.5) (△ X-10)/2 is the Z-direction vector for laser machining point and arriving A rotation axis;
2) vector of the laser central beam axis to A rotation axis;
2.1) dressing plate is fixed on equipment workbench;
2.2) C rotary shaft is rotated to 0 °, A rotary shaft rotates to 90 ° of positions, ensures to process point using displacement sensor
In in the front surface of dressing plate, it is ensured that displacement sensor indicating value be F, using beam quality analysis instrument read at this time hot spot in light
The position (position of laser processing point can be more accurately measured with beam quality analyzer) of beam quality analyzer, record is set at this time
Standby Z axis coordinate;
2.3) C rotary shaft is rotated 180 °, adjusts A rotary shaft later to -90 ° of positions, is added by the mobile laser of equipment Y-axis
Work point is F until displacement sensor indicating value, and then moving X-axis and Z axis makes laser processing point move to step 2.2) beam quality
At the position of analyzer measurement, and record Z axis coordinate at this time;
2.4) step 2.2) is with the half of Z axis coordinate difference in step 2.3) as laser central beam axis to A rotary shaft
The Y-direction component of line vector;
2.5) C rotary shaft is rotated to 90 °, A rotary shaft is rotated to 90 °, ensures that processing stand is located at using displacement sensor
On the surface of dressing plate, it is ensured that displacement sensor indicating value be F, using beam quality analysis instrument read at this time hot spot in light beam matter
The position (position of laser processing point can be more accurately measured with beam quality analyzer) for measuring analyzer, records equipment Z at this time
Axial coordinate;
2.6) C rotary shaft is rotated to 270 °, A rotary shaft is rotated to -90 °, straight by the mobile laser processing point of equipment X-axis
It is F to displacement sensor indicating value, then moving Y-axis and Z axis makes laser processing point move to step 2.5) beam quality analysis instrument
At the position of measurement, and record Z axis coordinate at this time;
2.7) step 2.5) is with the half of Z axis coordinate difference in step 2.6) as laser central beam axis to A rotary shaft
The X of line vector is to component;
2.8) Y-direction component and step 2.7) of the laser central beam axis for obtaining step 2.4) to A rotation axis vector
The X of obtained laser central beam axis to A rotation axis vector is calculated to component, is obtained laser central beam axis and is revolved to A
The vector of shaft axis;
3) vector of the laser central beam axis to C rotary shaft;
3.1) dressing plate is fixed on equipment workbench;
3.2) C rotary shaft rotates to 0 °, and A rotary shaft rotates to 0 ° of position, ensures that processing stand is located at using displacement sensor
On the upper surface of dressing plate, it is ensured that displacement sensor indicating value is F.Using beam quality analysis instrument read at this time hot spot in light beam
The position (position of laser processing point can be more accurately measured with beam quality analyzer) of mass-synchrometer, records equipment at this time
X axis coordinate;
3.3) C rotary shaft is rotated to 180 °, 0 ° of position of A rotary shaft is constant, and laser processing point is moved to step 3.2)
At the position of beam quality analysis instrument measurement, equipment X axis coordinate at this time is recorded;
3.4) step 3.2) is with the half of X axis coordinate difference in step 3.3) as laser central beam axis to C rotary shaft
The X of line vector is to component;
3.5) C rotary shaft is rotated to 90 °, 0 ° of position of A rotary shaft is constant, reads this time using beam quality analysis instrument
Spot is in the position (can more accurately measure the position of laser processing point with beam quality analyzer) of beam quality analysis instrument, record
Equipment Y axis coordinate at this time;
3.6) C rotary shaft is rotated to 270 °, 0 ° of position of A rotary shaft is constant, and laser processing point is moved to step 3.5)
At the position of beam quality analysis instrument measurement, equipment Y axis coordinate at this time is recorded;
3.7) step 3.5) is with the half of Y axis coordinate difference in step 3.6) as laser central beam axis to C rotary shaft
The Y-direction component of line vector;
3.8) the laser central beam axis for obtaining step 3.4) is to the X of C rotation axis vector to component and step 3.7)
The Y-direction component of obtained laser central beam axis to C rotation axis vector is calculated, and is obtained laser central beam axis and is revolved to C
The vector of shaft axis;
4) by above method by after the completion of three groups of parameter detectings, then each group parameter is input in control system and is completed
The accuracy compensation of RTCP function.