CN108837936A - A kind of automatic sorting method of building waste - Google Patents
A kind of automatic sorting method of building waste Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108837936A CN108837936A CN201810460586.8A CN201810460586A CN108837936A CN 108837936 A CN108837936 A CN 108837936A CN 201810460586 A CN201810460586 A CN 201810460586A CN 108837936 A CN108837936 A CN 108837936A
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- Prior art keywords
- material block
- building waste
- data
- automatic sorting
- sorting method
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/14—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with more than one separator
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B5/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
- B08B5/02—Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of automatic sorting method of building waste, which includes：Step 1, by construction waste crushing at material block；Step 2, Ferromagnetic Impurities and lightweight waste material are removed, material block is sent to the transfer plate of transmission equipment；Step 3, feature identification is carried out to current material block, to obtain identification data；Step 4, identification data are compared with pre-stored data, obtain the similarity value of the two；If similarity value is greater than or equal to threshold value, 5 are thened follow the steps；It is no to then follow the steps 6；Step 5, the guide gate opening for driving the transfer plate below current material block leaks out current material downwards from guide gate, return step 3；Step 6, current material block is continued to forward, return step 3.The present invention effectively can be identified and be sorted to building waste, and the automatic shunt of the material of brick and concrete material is effectively realized, and improved the efficiency of separation, avoided harm to staff, reduce cost of labor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building waste processing technology fields, specifically for, the present invention be a kind of building waste from
Dynamic method for separating.
Background technique
Building waste refers to unit in charge of construction or individual to the slag generated in all kinds of buildings or dismounting or reparative processes
Soil, spoir, rejected material, mud and other wastes.If building waste cannot be cleared up in time, meeting welding endangers people
Health, make troubles to people's lives, restrict the development in city.Currently, using the recycling attribute of building waste, leading to
Construction refuse regenerated construction material is crossed, is the effective measures of sustainable development.
For many kinds of problem of building waste supplied materials, traditional method is to rely on manually to distinguish and sort.This
There are the following problems for kind mode：(1) efficiency of separation is low, is easy to appear carelessness and mistake；(2) workers ' health is endangered：Building waste
In containing a large amount of harmful substances and dust etc., this adverse circumstances can damage worker's body at sorting scene；(3) artificial
Cost is big：A large amount of human input, higher cost are needed in assorting room.
Therefore, how to effectively improve building waste the efficiency of separation and success rate, avoid damaging worker's body and
Cost of labor is reduced, the direction of those skilled in the art's technical problem urgently to be resolved and effort always is become.
Summary of the invention
To solve low efficiency existing for existing artificial separation building waste, error-prone, at high cost and be detrimental to health
Problem, the present invention innovatively provide a kind of automatic sorting method of building waste, avoid people from the angle of automation sorting
Work operation, to avoid the injury to worker's body；It gives complicated judgement to machine to complete, improves sorting success rate and effect
Rate；The present invention can also greatly reduce cost input by Machine automated.
It is described automatic the invention discloses a kind of automatic sorting method of building waste to realize above-mentioned technical purpose
Method for separating includes the following steps,
Step 1, break process is carried out to building waste by crusher, the building waste is fractured into multiple materials
Block, and the size of each material block is made to be less than or equal to pre-set dimension；
Step 2, the Ferromagnetic Impurities and lightweight waste material in material block are successively removed, multiple material blocks are sent to transmission equipment
Transfer plate on；
Step 3, it determines material block to be sorted, as current material block, and current material block is carried out special
Sign identification, to obtain identification data；
Step 4, the identification data are compared with pre-stored data, to obtain the similarity value of the two；If similar
Angle value is greater than or equal to threshold value, thens follow the steps 5；If similarity is less than threshold value, 6 are thened follow the steps；
Step 5, the guide gate opening for driving the transfer plate below current material block automatically, makes current material from guide lock
Door leaks out downwards；Then return step 3；
Step 6, current material block is continued to forward by transfer plate；Then return step 3.
Based on above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention can effectively realize the separation to material block, and will be qualified
Material block screens, and ineligible material block forwards；The present invention can be realized automation sorting, have sorting effect
The advantages that rate is high；It participates in the invention avoids artificial, so as to avoid the hazard to person to staff, and can be effectively reduced
Sorting error rate, while significantly reducing cost input.
Further, in step 3, color characteristic identification and shape are carried out to current material block by the way of machine vision
Shape feature identification, to obtain color identification data and shape recognition data；
In step 4, the pre-stored data includes prestoring color data and prestoring shape data, and the threshold value includes first
Threshold value and second threshold；If color identification data are greater than first threshold with the similarity for prestoring color data and/or shape is known
Other data are greater than second threshold with the similarity for prestoring shape data, then follow the steps 5；It is no to then follow the steps 6.
Based on above-mentioned improved technical solution, the present invention can be effectively to color difference and/or variform material
Block is efficiently identified and is sorted.
It further, in step 3, further include utilizing pressure when being acquired by camera lens to current material block image
The step of contracting air is timed blowing to camera lens.
Based on above-mentioned improved technical solution, the present invention guarantees the clear of material block image in such a way that timing is blown camera lens
Clear degree, and then ensure that accuracy of identification.
It further, in step 3 further include by being installed on the pressure sensor of transfer plate bottom to current material block
The step of carrying out weight characteristics identification, to obtain weight identification data；
In step 4, the pre-stored data includes prestoring weight data, and the threshold value includes third threshold value；If weight
Amount identification data are greater than third threshold value with the similarity for prestoring weight data, then follow the steps 5；It is no to then follow the steps 6.
Based on above-mentioned improved technical solution, the present invention effectively can be identified and be divided to the material block to vary in weight
Choosing.
Further, in step 4, it when being measured by weight of the pressure sensor to current material block, also wraps
Include the step of blowing is timed to pressure sensor by compressed air.
Based on above-mentioned improved technical solution, the present invention can guarantee the essence of pressure sensor in such a way that timing is blown
Degree.
Further, feed well is set in the front end of transmission equipment；
In step 2, multiple material blocks are placed in feed well, material block flow to transmission equipment from the outlet of feed well
Transfer plate on.
Further, it is provided with a plurality of diversion channel on the feed well, and is provided with below the transfer plate and in a row sets
The multiple guide gates set；
In step 2, multiple material blocks are shunted by multiple diversion channels, make multiple material blocks along vertical with the transfer plate
Direction arrangement；
In step 3, while to multiple current material blocks feature identification is carried out.
Based on above-mentioned improved technical solution, the present invention can be such that the efficiency of separation increases at multiple, for example use 5 shuntings
Slot can then improve 4-5 times of separation velocity；And feed well and shunt slot structure is simple, increased equipment cost almost can be with
It ignores, but working efficiency of the invention can be significantly increased.
Further, fluid pressure drive device, and the fluid pressure drive device and the guide are provided with below transfer plate
Gate is directly connected to；
In steps of 5, the guide valve opening is driven by the fluid pressure drive device.
Further, in steps of 5, the material block leaked out downwards is concrete material block；
In step 6, continuing the material block forwarded is material of brick block.
Further, the conveyer for conveying concrete material is additionally provided with below guide valve, and in transmission equipment
End is provided with for the conveyer for conveying the material of brick.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：The present invention effectively can be identified and be sorted to building waste, be effectively realized
The automatic shunt of the material of brick and concrete material, thus greatly improve the efficiency of separation, avoid harm to worker, reduce manually at
This.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the automatic sorting method of building waste.
Fig. 2 is a kind of embodiment schematic diagram of the automatic sorting method of building waste.
Fig. 3 is the drive mechanism schematic diagram for realizing building waste automatic sorting.
In figure,
1, feed well；2, transmission equipment；3, for conveying the conveyer of the material of brick；4, fluid pressure drive device；5, guide valve；
6, for conveying the conveyer of concrete material.
Specific embodiment
It is detailed to a kind of automatic sorting method progress of building waste of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification
Explanation and illustration.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the invention discloses a kind of automatic sorting methods of building waste, can carry out certainly to supplied materials
It is dynamic identify and control corresponding mechanism material is sorted, using production line produced by the present invention can realize it is unattended, complete from
Dynamic production, to significantly reduce cost of labor, avoids injury of the adverse circumstances to human body, and can effectively improve sorting effect
Rate and accuracy rate.Specifically, the present invention can make the material of brick and concrete material carry out automatic shunt.
Embodiment one：
As shown in Figure 1,3, the automatic sorting method of the present embodiment includes the following steps.
Step 1, break process being carried out to building waste by crusher, building waste is fractured into multiple material blocks, and
The size of each material block is set to be less than or equal to pre-set dimension, for example pre-set dimension is diameter 120mm.
Step 2, the Ferromagnetic Impurities and lightweight waste material in material block are successively removed, remaining material block is mainly concrete material block
With material of brick block, multiple material blocks are sent to the transfer plate of transmission equipment 2；In the present embodiment, the front end of transmission equipment 2 is provided with
Feed well 1；In this step 2, multiple material blocks are placed in feed well 1, the outlet of material block from feed well 1 flow to transmission
On the transfer plate of equipment 2.In addition, a plurality of diversion channel is provided on the feed well 1 of the present embodiment, to ensure that single material block is had
Effect identifies, the multiple guide gates set in a row is provided with below transfer plate, to make multiple material blocks by multiple diversion channels
It shunts, arranges multiple material blocks along the direction vertical with transfer plate.
Step 3, it determines material block to be sorted, as current material block, and current material block is carried out special
Sign identification, to obtain identification data.In the present embodiment, it is based on a plurality of diversion channel, multiple current material blocks can be carried out simultaneously special
Sign identification；Color and shape identifying system is installed above transfer plate, by the way of machine vision to current material block into
The identification of row color characteristic and shape feature identification, to obtain color identification data and shape recognition data.In addition, to guarantee this knowledge
The recognition effect of other system, NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection (i.e. color and shape identifying system) include the camera lens of camera shooting, are passing through mirror
When head is acquired current material block image, it may also include the step of blowing is timed to camera lens using compressed air.
Step 4, identification data are compared with pre-stored data, to obtain the similarity value of the two；If similarity value
More than or equal to threshold value, 5 are thened follow the steps；If similarity is less than threshold value, 6 are thened follow the steps；In the present embodiment, pre-stored data
Including prestoring color data and prestoring shape data, threshold value includes first threshold and second threshold；If color identify data with
The similarity for prestoring color data is greater than first threshold (for example, the similarity of the material block color identified and concrete material block color
Greater than 83%) and/or shape recognition data with prestore shape data similarity be greater than second threshold (for example, the object identified
Expect 85%) the block-shaped and block-shaped similarity of concrete material is greater than, thens follow the steps 5；It is no to then follow the steps 6.
Step 5, the guide gate opening for driving the transfer plate below current material block automatically, makes current material from guide lock
Door leaks out downwards；In the present embodiment, the material block leaked out downwards is concrete material block；Hydraulic-driven dress is provided with below transfer plate
4 are set, and fluid pressure drive device 4 is directly connected to guide gate；The present embodiment by fluid pressure drive device 4 (such as electro-hydraulic oil cylinder or
Cylinder) drive guide valve 5 to open, it is also provided with the conveyer 6 for conveying concrete material in the lower section of guide valve 5, thus
Realize concrete material be sorted out fastly, then return step 3, to next material block continue identify and sort.
Step 6, current material block is continued to forward by transfer plate, continuing the material block forwarded is the material of brick
Block can be provided in the end of transmission equipment 2 for the conveyer 3 for conveying the material of brick；Then return step 3, to next object
Material block continues to identify and sort.
In addition, on the basis of the present embodiment published content, " pre-set dimension ", " threshold value " involved in the present embodiment
Etc. evaluation parameters occurrence, can be carried out according to the actual needs and building waste feature of production line rationally and wise setting.
Embodiment two：
The present embodiment and the scheme of embodiment one are essentially identical, and difference is：In the present embodiment, also wrap in step 3
The step of pressure sensor by being installed on transfer plate bottom carries out weight characteristics identification to current material block is included, to obtain weight
Amount identification data；In the present embodiment, pressure sensor is installed on guide gate bottom.
In step 4, pre-stored data includes prestoring weight data, and threshold value includes third threshold value；If weight identifies number
According to be greater than with the similarity for prestoring weight data third threshold value (for example, weight identification data with prestore the similarity of weight data
Greater than 80%), 5 are thened follow the steps；It is no to then follow the steps 6；In the present embodiment, to guarantee that pressure sensor is in high-precision always
State further includes being passed by compressed air to pressure when being measured by weight of the pressure sensor to current material block
Sensor is timed the step of blowing.Moreover, the present embodiment is implemented in combination with Dimensions recognition, for example, the concrete of same particle sizes
Material and the material of brick, since concrete material density is big, then concrete material weight is naturally larger than the material of brick, when the material of brick passes through guide gate, since its is heavy
Amount is lighter, and gate is then in blocking, and the material of brick moves on, and is exported by material of brick material transferring mechanism；Pass through guide valve in concrete material
Men Shi then makes valve unlock, and concrete material leaks downwards to concrete material material transferring mechanism；To which the present embodiment is able to achieve material of brick block and concrete material block
Automatic shunt.
As shown in Fig. 2, present embodiment discloses a kind of by three kinds of above-mentioned mode (face as a preferred embodiment
Color, shape, weight) combine sorting mode, can in turn current material block be identified and be sorted.
In addition, " third threshold value " is specific involved in the present embodiment on the basis of the present embodiment published content
Value can carry out rationally and wise setting according to the actual needs and building waste feature of production line.
In the description of this specification, reference term " the present embodiment ", " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " show
The description of example ", " specific example " or " some examples " etc. mean specific features described in conjunction with this embodiment or example, structure,
Material or feature are included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, above-mentioned term is shown
The statement of meaning property is necessarily directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, specific features, structure, material or the spy of description
Point may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more of the embodiments or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other,
Those skilled in the art can be by different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
Feature is combined.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance
Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include at least one this feature.In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is at least two, such as two, three
It is a etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.In addition, for " A and/or B ", it should be understood that three kinds of juxtaposed conditions, i.e. A, B,
Tri- kinds of AB.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modification, equivalent replacement and simple modifications etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention in content.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of automatic sorting method of building waste, it is characterised in that：The automatic sorting method includes the following steps,
Step 1, break process being carried out to building waste by crusher, the building waste is fractured into multiple material blocks, and
The size of each material block is set to be less than or equal to pre-set dimension；
Step 2, the Ferromagnetic Impurities and lightweight waste material in material block are successively removed, multiple material blocks are sent to the biography of transmission equipment
It send on plate；
Step 3, it determines material block to be sorted, carries out feature knowledge as current material block, and to current material block
Not, to obtain identification data；
Step 4, the identification data are compared with pre-stored data, to obtain the similarity value of the two；If similarity value
More than or equal to threshold value, 5 are thened follow the steps；If similarity is less than threshold value, 6 are thened follow the steps；
Step 5, the guide gate opening for driving the transfer plate below current material block automatically, make current material from guide gate to
Lower leakage；Then return step 3；
Step 6, current material block is continued to forward by transfer plate；Then return step 3.
2. the automatic sorting method of building waste according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In step 3, color characteristic identification is carried out to current material block by the way of machine vision and shape feature identifies, with
Obtain color identification data and shape recognition data；
In step 4, the pre-stored data includes prestoring color data and prestoring shape data, and the threshold value includes first threshold
And second threshold；If color identification data are greater than first threshold and/or shape recognition number with the similarity for prestoring color data
It is greater than second threshold according to the similarity for prestoring shape data, thens follow the steps 5；It is no to then follow the steps 6.
3. the automatic sorting method of building waste according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
In step 3, when being acquired by camera lens to current material block image, further include using compressed air to camera lens into
The step of row timing is blown.
4. the automatic sorting method of building waste according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that：Further include in step 3
The step of pressure sensor by being installed on transfer plate bottom carries out weight characteristics identification to current material block, to obtain weight
Identify data；
In step 4, the pre-stored data includes prestoring weight data, and the threshold value includes third threshold value；If weight is known
Other data are greater than third threshold value with the similarity for prestoring weight data, then follow the steps 5；It is no to then follow the steps 6.
5. the automatic sorting method of building waste according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
It in step 4, further include passing through compressed air when being measured by weight of the pressure sensor to current material block
The step of blowing is timed to pressure sensor.
6. the automatic sorting method of the building waste according to claim 3 or 5, it is characterised in that：Before transmission equipment
End setting feed well；
In step 2, multiple material blocks are placed in feed well, material block flow to the biography of transmission equipment from the outlet of feed well
It send on plate.
7. the automatic sorting method of building waste according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：It is provided on the feed well
A plurality of diversion channel, and the multiple guide gates set in a row are provided with below the transfer plate；
In step 2, multiple material blocks are shunted by multiple diversion channels, make multiple material blocks along the direction vertical with the transfer plate
Arrangement；
In step 3, while to multiple current material blocks feature identification is carried out.
8. the automatic sorting method of building waste according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：It is provided with below transfer plate
Fluid pressure drive device, and the fluid pressure drive device is directly connected to the guide gate；
In steps of 5, the guide valve opening is driven by the fluid pressure drive device.
9. the automatic sorting method of building waste according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：
In steps of 5, the material block leaked out downwards is concrete material block；
In step 6, continuing the material block forwarded is material of brick block.
10. the automatic sorting method of building waste according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：In the lower section of guide valve
It is additionally provided with the conveyer for conveying concrete material, and is provided in the end of transmission equipment for the conveying for conveying the material of brick
Machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810460586.8A CN108837936A (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2018-05-15 | A kind of automatic sorting method of building waste |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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ID=64212999
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| CN113083732A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-09 | 浙江博城机器人科技有限公司 | Method for sorting large-size organic light objects in garbage by robot |
| CN113537774A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-10-22 | 精英数智科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for detecting whether coal mine enterprise policy is valid |
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