CN108837195B

CN108837195B - Constant-speed drainage device

Info

Publication number: CN108837195B
Application number: CN201810833000.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 柯宏刚; 袁源
Original assignee: 柯宏刚
Current assignee: Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University
Priority date: 2018-07-26
Filing date: 2018-07-26
Publication date: 2020-10-16
Anticipated expiration: 2038-07-26
Also published as: CN108837195A

Abstract

The invention relates to a constant-speed drainage device, which effectively solves the problem that a patient is uncomfortable due to too high drainage speed in the drainage process; the technical scheme includes that the device comprises a needle cylinder and a rubber push head, a threaded rod is fixed at the right end of the rubber push head, a sleeve is fixed at the right end of the needle cylinder, a rotary table is sleeved on the sleeve, a first gear is fixedly connected to the left side of the rotary table, a second gear is arranged on the left side of the first gear, the threaded rod is pulled to the right side, the threaded rod drives the second gear to rotate, and the second gear rotates to drive the rotary table to rotate in the forward direction through the first gear; the invention has the advantages that a plurality of pawls are uniformly distributed on the outer edge surface of the rotary table in the circumferential direction, the rotary table is externally sleeved with an annular sleeve which is coaxial and rotatable with the rotary table, an inner ratchet wheel is fixed in the annular sleeve, a plurality of blind holes are uniformly distributed on the outer edge surface of the annular sleeve in the circumferential direction, a first sliding block which can extend out of the blind holes and can not be separated from the blind holes is installed in each blind hole, and the annular friction plate is arranged on the inner wall of the needle cylinder.

Description

Constant-speed drainage device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a constant-speed drainage device.

Background

Puncture drainage is a very common medical means, the effusion in a human body is discharged through the matching of a needle tool and a drainage device, a negative pressure environment is usually needed when the effusion in the human body is drained, a negative pressure generating device is required to be added on the drainage device when the effusion in the human body is drained under the negative pressure environment, but the negative pressure environment which can be born in the human body is limited, so the negative pressure generating device which is connected with the drainage device must provide a stable and moderate negative pressure generating device, the device is often high in manufacturing cost and large in volume and is not suitable for being used in a ward, for the patients with the accumulated liquid quantity not particularly large, the drainage device which is commonly used in a hospital at the present stage is directly extracted by a needle tube by a nurse, a period of time is usually needed in the process, and in the period of time, in order to ensure that the patients can feel comfortable during drainage at a uniform speed, the nurse must pull a piston rod in the needle tube, therefore, the waste of personnel is caused, and meanwhile, the stable negative pressure value cannot be ensured due to long-time extraction, and the labor intensity of medical personnel is increased.

Therefore, the present invention provides a constant-speed drainage device to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the constant-speed drainage device, which effectively solves the problem that the patient is uncomfortable due to the over-high drainage speed in the drainage process.

The technical scheme for solving the problems comprises a horizontally placed needle cylinder and a rubber push head capable of moving left and right in the needle cylinder, wherein a threaded rod which is coaxial with the rubber push head and can move left and right along with the rubber push head is fixed at the right end of the rubber push head, a sleeve which is coaxial with the needle cylinder is fixed at the right end of the needle cylinder, the threaded rod penetrates through the sleeve and can slide left and right in the sleeve, a rotary disc is sleeved on the sleeve, a first gear which is coaxial with the rotary disc is fixedly connected at the left side of the rotary disc, a second gear which is sleeved on the threaded rod and has a diameter larger than that of the first gear is arranged at the left side of the first gear, the second gear can only rotate but cannot move left and right, the second gear is spirally arranged on the threaded rod through threads, the second gear cannot be self-locked with the threaded rod, the second gear drives the first gear to rotate, the angular velocity of the first gear driven by the, the second gear rotates and drives the rotating disc to rotate positively through the first gear;

the circumference equipartition has a plurality of pawls on the outer fringe face of carousel, the carousel overcoat has one rather than coaxial and rotatable annular cover, be fixed with one on the inner fringe face of annular cover with a plurality of pawl complex interior ratchet, it drives annular cover rotation through a plurality of pawls and interior ratchet cooperation during carousel forward rotation, a plurality of pawls do not can not rotate with interior ratchet cooperation annular cover during carousel antiport, the circumference equipartition has a plurality of blind holes on the outer fringe face of annular cover, install the first slider that one end can stretch out the blind hole and can not break away from the blind hole in every blind hole, the outside cover of annular cover has an annular friction disc of fixing on the cylinder inner wall, the annular cover rotates the outer end that can realize first slider and stretches out and produce the friction with the friction disc.

The invention has novel concept, smart structure and strong practicability, realizes that the speed is limited when the screw rod is pulled in the forward direction and is not limited when the screw rod is extruded in the reverse direction by the matching of the pawl and the inner ratchet wheel, thereby effectively preventing the discomfort of a patient caused by overhigh extraction speed when effusion in the patient is extracted.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the area A in FIG. 2 according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a right side sectional view of the annular sleeve and the turntable of the invention in cooperation.

Fig. 5 is a left side sectional view of the annular sleeve and the turntable of the invention in cooperation.

FIG. 6 is a right side sectional view of the retainer ring of the present invention in cooperation with the syringe.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As can be seen from the figures 1 to 6, the invention comprises a horizontally arranged needle cylinder 1 and a rubber push head 2 which can move left and right in the needle cylinder 1, a threaded rod 3 which is coaxial with the rubber push head 2 and can move left and right along with the rubber push head 2 is fixed at the right end of the needle cylinder 1, a sleeve 4 which is coaxial with the needle cylinder is fixed at the right end of the needle cylinder 1, the threaded rod 3 passes through the sleeve 4 and can slide left and right in the sleeve 4, a rotary disc 5 is sleeved on the sleeve 4, a first gear 6 which is coaxial with the rotary disc 5 is fixedly connected at the left side of the rotary disc 5, a second gear 7 which is sleeved on the threaded rod 3 and has a diameter larger than that of the first gear 6 is arranged at the left side of the first gear 6, the second gear 7 can only rotate but can not move left and right, the second gear 7 is screwed on the threaded rod 3 through threads, the second gear 7 and the threaded rod 3 can not be self-locked with the second gear 7, the second gear 7, the threaded rod 3 is pulled to the right side, the threaded rod 3 drives the second gear 7 to rotate, and the second gear 7 rotates to drive the rotary table 5 to rotate in the forward direction through the first gear 6;

the outer edge surface of the rotary table 5 is evenly provided with a plurality of pawls 8 in a circumferential manner, the rotary table 5 is sleeved with an annular sleeve 9 which is coaxial with the rotary table and rotatable, an inner edge surface of the annular sleeve 9 is fixedly provided with an inner ratchet 10 matched with the pawls 8, the rotary table 5 drives the annular sleeve 9 to rotate in a forward direction through the matching of the pawls 8 and the inner ratchet 10, the pawls 8 cannot rotate in a manner of being matched with the annular sleeve 9 in the inner ratchet 10 when the rotary table 5 rotates in a reverse direction, a plurality of blind holes 11 are evenly distributed in the outer edge surface of the annular sleeve 9 in a circumferential manner, a first sliding block 12 is installed in each blind hole 11, one end of each sliding block can extend out of the blind hole 11 and cannot be separated from the blind hole 11, an annular friction plate 13 fixed on the inner wall of the syringe 1 is sleeved outside the annular sleeve 9, and the outer end of the first sliding block 12.

In order to realize that the liquid is more labor-saving in liquid extraction, a stop lever 14 is arranged at the right end of the threaded rod 3, a stop ring 15 capable of sliding left and right is sleeved on the outer side of the needle cylinder 1, an axial sliding groove 16 is formed in the outer cylinder wall of the needle cylinder 1, a plurality of clamping grooves 17 which are communicated with the sliding groove 16 and are perpendicular to the sliding groove 16 are uniformly distributed on one side of the sliding groove 16 along the direction of the sliding groove 16, a second sliding block 18 matched with the sliding groove 16 is fixed on the inner edge surface of the stop ring 15, a first pressure spring 19 sleeved on the needle cylinder 1 is arranged between the stop ring 15 and the stop lever 14, one end of the first pressure spring 19 is connected with the stop ring 15, the other end of the first pressure spring is connected with the stop lever 14, the first pressure spring 19 is arranged between the stop ring 15 and the stop lever 14, the stop ring 15 is pushed to the right side and fixed when the liquid.

In order to realize the fixed of sleeve 4 and the rotation and the support of annular cover 9, the right-hand member face of cylinder 1 is equipped with first fender dish 20, is equipped with the through-hole that can supply threaded rod 3 to pass through in the middle of first fender dish 20, and the right-hand member face of sleeve 4 is fixed on first fender dish 20, and annular cover 9 rotates with first fender dish 20 and links together, realizes through the settlement of first fender dish 20 that the fixed of sleeve 4 and annular cover 9 rotate and support and provide frictional resistance for annular cover 9 simultaneously, prevents that annular cover 9 from rotating when the reversal.

In order to realize that the angular velocity of the first gear 6 is greater than that of the second gear 7, a third gear 21 meshed with the second gear 7 is arranged on the outer side of the second gear 7, a fourth gear 22 coaxial with the third gear 21 and rotating at the same angular velocity is meshed on the outer side of the first gear 6, the third gear 21 rotates by being meshed with the rotation of the second gear 7, and the third gear 21 rotates to drive the first gear 6 to rotate through the fourth gear 22 so as to realize the acceleration of the first gear 6.

In order to realize the supporting function of the second gear 7, the third gear 21 and the fourth gear 22, a second baffle disc 23 is fixed on the left side of the second gear 7, a through hole for the threaded rod 3 to pass through is formed in the middle of the second baffle disc 23, the second gear 7 is fixed on the second baffle disc 23 through a shaft, the third gear 21 and the fourth gear 22 are fixed on the second baffle disc 23 through a rotating shaft, and the second gear 7, the third gear 21 and the fourth gear 22 are supported through the setting of the second baffle disc 23.

In order to realize the better supporting effect of the first 12 sliding blocks, a second pressure spring 24 is arranged between the first sliding block 12 and the bottom of the blind hole 11, one end of the second pressure spring 24 is connected with the bottom of the blind hole 11, the other end of the second pressure spring is connected with the first sliding block 12, the first sliding block 12 can be in a flexible contact state with the friction plate 13 in an initial state through the arrangement of the second pressure spring 24, and therefore friction can be realized more quickly when the first sliding block 12 is subjected to centrifugal force.

In order to realize that the inner ratchet wheel 10 is driven to rotate by the pawls 8 when the rotary disc 5 rotates in the forward direction, the pawls 8 idle and the inner ratchet wheel 10 cannot rotate when the rotary disc 5 rotates in the reverse direction, one end of each pawl is hinged to the rotary disc 5, and the other end of each pawl is connected with the rotary disc 5 through a third pressure spring.

In order to realize that the threaded rod 3 and the internal thread on the second gear 7 are not self-locked, the thread lead angle of the threaded rod 3 is larger than the equivalent friction angle of a screw pair formed by the threaded rod 3 and the internal thread on the second gear 7.

The specific working process of the invention is as follows: this device cooperation syringe needle is used when using, how much according to patient's self hydrops sets up the distance that fender ring 15 removed to 1 afterbody of cylinder, after the distance is set for, connect cylinder 1 and the internal hydrops of patient through the syringe needle, press pin 14 and make fender rod 14 move fender ring 15 to 1 afterbody of cylinder earlier motionless, second slider 18 on the fender ring 15 slides in spout 16 this moment, it makes the slider on the fender ring 15 rotate to this time corresponding draw-in groove 17 to rotate fender ring 15 behind the assigned position to slide, and realize keeping off ring 15 fixed at this position, this moment because fender ring 15 moves to the right side, realize the compression to first pressure spring 19 and make first pressure spring 19 have the trend and the elastic potential energy of bounce-back.

After the action is finished, the stop lever 14 is loosened, at the moment, the first pressure spring 19 has a resetting trend, the resetting process can push the stop lever 14 to move towards the right side, in the process that the stop lever 14 moves towards the right side, the threaded rod 3 can move towards the right side along with the stop lever 14, when the threaded rod 3 moves towards the right side, the threaded rod 3 is meshed with the internal thread on the second gear 7, and because the self-locking effect cannot be generated between the internal thread on the second gear 7 and the threaded rod 3, the threaded rod 3 can drive the second gear 7 to rotate when moving towards the right side, the second gear 7 is rotationally meshed with the third gear 21 to rotate, the rotation of the third gear 21 drives the fourth gear 22 to rotate through the rotating shaft, the fourth gear 22 rotates to drive the first gear 6 to rotate, in the transmission relation, because the diameter of the first gear 6 is smaller than that of the second gear 7, and the third gear 21 and the fourth gear 22 are coaxially fixed, therefore, the diameter of the fourth gear 22 is larger than that of the third gear 21, the linear velocity is the same and the transmission ratio is larger when the second gear 7 is meshed with the third gear 21, at this time, the rotational angular velocity of the third gear 21 is increased, the angular velocity of the fourth gear 22 is the same as that of the third gear 21, when the fourth gear is meshed with the first gear 6, the rotational speed of the fourth gear 22 is larger than that of the second gear 7 when the fourth gear 22 is meshed with the first gear 6, and the rotational speed of the fourth gear 22 is increased, so that the rotation of the second gear 7 can be transmitted to the first gear 6 through amplification, and the rotational speed of the first gear 6 after the speed increase can provide enough centrifugal force for the first slider 12 in the annular sleeve 9.

At this moment, the first gear 6 rotates, the first gear 6 is fixed with the rotary table 5, so that the rotation of the first gear 6 can drive the rotary table 5 to rotate, the rotation of the rotary table 5 can drive a plurality of ratchet wheels uniformly distributed on the circumference of the outer edge surface to rotate, when the threaded rod 3 is pulled towards the right side, the rotary table 5 rotates positively to drive the inner ratchet wheel 10 to rotate, the rotation of the inner ratchet wheel 10 drives the annular sleeve 9 to rotate, and the rotating speed of the annular sleeve 9 is very high. Therefore, centrifugal force is provided for the first sliding block 12 when the annular sleeve 9 rotates, at the moment, the first sliding block 12 tends to extend out of the blind hole 11, the second pressure spring 24 is stretched in the process, the second pressure spring 24 acts on the annular sleeve 9 when the annular sleeve 9 is not moved, so that the first sliding block 12 is in flexible contact with the friction plate 13 or in a critical state of contact and non-contact, once the rotating speed of the annular sleeve 9 reaches a set value, the force of the first sliding block 12 pressing the friction plate 13 is increased, the speed of the annular sleeve 9 is weakened, the speed of controlling the threaded rod 3 to move rightwards is achieved, when the frontal speed of the threaded rod 3 moving rightwards is controlled within an effective range, the negative pressure of the needle tube can be continuously stabilized, and the process of sucking accumulated liquid at the moment is more comfortable for a patient.

When lotion is finished, the threaded rod 3 is pushed reversely, the threaded rod 3 moves reversely, the second gear 7 rotates reversely, the first gear 6 also rotates reversely after the speed is increased by the third gear 21 and the fourth gear 22, the plurality of pawls 8 cannot be meshed with the inner ratchet wheel 10 to rotate, so that the rotating disc 5 idles, the rotating speed of the rotating disc 5 is not limited, and the outward liquid discharging process is not limited.

This device has following advantage than traditional dragging device:

1. this device has realized through the settlement of third gear 21 and fourth gear 22 that second gear 7 will rotate and has given first gear 6 through the acceleration rate transmission, and the acceleration rate effect is obvious, can effectually guarantee the slew velocity of ring 9 this moment and can provide sufficient centrifugal force for first slider 12 to thereby make first slider 12 compress tightly the effect that friction disc 13 realized the speed limit.

2. This device has realized through the cooperation of first pressure spring 19 with keep off ring 15 that do not need medical personnel to provide power when using this device, sets up can realize imbibition by oneself after the hydrops of required drainage play, has effectually practiced thrift medical personnel's working time to medical personnel's intensity of labour has been reduced.

3. This device realizes through the cooperation of a plurality of pawls 8 of circumference equipartition on carousel 5 and interior ratchet 10 that pawl 8 and interior ratchet 10 mesh are realized and realize the rotation of interior ratchet 10 thereby drive annular cover 9 and rotate and realize stretching out of first slider 12 when outwards stretching threaded rod 3, and carry out the speed limit to threaded rod 3, when backward extrusion threaded rod 3, pawl 8 is not can with interior ratchet 10 mesh, thereby can not drive annular cover 9 and rotate, thereby the speed of threaded rod 3 is not receiving the restriction and thereby realizes extruding the hydrops in cylinder 1 fast this moment.

Claims

1. A constant-speed drainage device comprises a horizontally placed needle cylinder (1) and a rubber push head (2) capable of moving left and right in the needle cylinder (1), a threaded rod (3) which is coaxial with the rubber push head and can move left and right along with the rubber push head is fixed at the right end of the rubber push head (2), a sleeve (4) which is coaxial with the rubber push head is fixed at the right end of the needle cylinder (1), the threaded rod (3) penetrates through the sleeve (4) and can slide left and right in the sleeve (4), a rotary disc (5) is sleeved on the sleeve (4), a first gear (6) which is coaxial with the rotary disc (5) is fixedly connected at the left side of the rotary disc (5), a second gear (7) which is sleeved on the threaded rod (3) and has a diameter larger than that of the first gear (6) is arranged at the left side of the first gear (6), the second gear (7) can only rotate and can not move left and right, the second gear (7) is rotatably arranged on the threaded rod (3) through threads, the second gear (7) drives the first gear (6) to rotate, the angular speed of the first gear (6) driven by the second gear (7) is greater than that of the second gear (7), the threaded rod (3) is pulled towards the right side, the threaded rod (3) drives the second gear (7) to rotate, and the second gear (7) rotates and drives the turntable (5) to rotate in the forward direction through the first gear (6);

a plurality of pawls (8) are uniformly distributed on the outer edge surface of the rotary table (5) in the circumferential direction, an annular sleeve (9) which is coaxial with the rotary table and can rotate is sleeved outside the rotary table (5), an inner edge surface of the annular sleeve (9) is fixedly provided with an inner ratchet wheel (10) matched with the pawls (8), the rotary table (5) drives the annular sleeve (9) to rotate through the matching of the pawls (8) and the inner ratchet wheel (10) when rotating in the forward direction, the pawls (8) are not matched with the inner ratchet wheel (10) when rotating in the reverse direction, the annular sleeve (9) cannot rotate, a plurality of blind holes (11) are uniformly distributed on the outer edge surface of the annular sleeve (9) in the circumferential direction, a first sliding block (12) is installed in each blind hole (11), one end of the first sliding block can extend out of the blind hole (11) and cannot be separated from the blind hole (11), an annular friction plate (13) fixed on the inner wall of the needle cylinder (1) is sleeved, the rotation of the annular sleeve (9) can realize that the outer end of the first sliding block (12) extends out and generates friction with the friction plate (13).

2. The constant-speed drainage device according to claim 1, wherein a stop lever (14) is arranged at the right end of the threaded rod (3), a stop ring (15) capable of sliding left and right is sleeved outside the needle cylinder (1), an axial sliding groove (16) is formed in the outer cylinder wall of the needle cylinder (1), a plurality of clamping grooves (17) which are communicated with the sliding groove (16) and perpendicular to the sliding groove (16) are uniformly distributed on one side of the sliding groove (16) along the direction of the sliding groove (16), a second sliding block (18) matched with the sliding groove (16) is fixed on the inner edge surface of the stop ring (15), a first pressure spring (19) sleeved on the needle cylinder (1) is arranged between the stop ring (15) and the stop lever (14), one end of the first pressure spring (19) is connected with the stop ring (15), and the other end of the first pressure spring is connected with the stop lever (14).

3. The constant-speed drainage device according to claim 1, wherein a first baffle disc (20) is arranged on the right end face of the needle cylinder (1), a through hole for the threaded rod (3) to pass through is formed in the middle of the first baffle disc (20), the right end face of the sleeve (4) is fixed on the first baffle disc (20), and the annular sleeve (9) is rotatably connected with the first baffle disc (20).

4. The constant-speed drainage device according to claim 1, wherein a third gear (21) meshed with the second gear (7) is arranged on the outer side of the second gear, and a fourth gear (22) which is coaxial with the third gear (21) and rotates at the same angular speed is meshed with the outer side of the first gear (6).

5. The constant-speed drainage device according to claim 1, wherein a second baffle disc (23) is fixed on the left side of the second gear (7), a through hole for the threaded rod (3) to pass through is formed in the middle of the second baffle disc (23), the second gear (7) is fixed on the second baffle disc (23) through a shaft, and the third gear (21) and the fourth gear (22) are fixed on the second baffle disc (23) through a rotating shaft.

6. The constant-speed drainage device according to claim 1, wherein a second pressure spring (24) is arranged between the first sliding block (12) and the bottom of the blind hole (11), one section of the second pressure spring (24) is connected with the bottom of the blind hole (11), and the other end of the second pressure spring is connected with the first sliding block (12).

7. The constant-speed drainage device according to claim 1, wherein one end of the pawl is hinged on the rotary disk (5), and the other end of the pawl is connected with the rotary disk (5) through a third compression spring.

8. A constant-speed drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lead angle of the threaded rod (3) is greater than the equivalent friction angle of the screw pair formed by the threaded rod (3) and the internal thread on the second gear (7).