CN108832100A - A kind of preparation method of carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole Download PDF

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CN108832100A
CN108832100A CN201810618507.1A CN201810618507A CN108832100A CN 108832100 A CN108832100 A CN 108832100A CN 201810618507 A CN201810618507 A CN 201810618507A CN 108832100 A CN108832100 A CN 108832100A
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zinc
zinc ferrite
negative pole
carbon
composite negative
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CN108832100B (en
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卢红斌
杨重阳
孙敏强
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Fudan University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362Composites
    • H01M4/366Composites as layered products
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/5825Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624Electric conductive fillers
    • H01M4/625Carbon or graphite
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole.It is that raw material prepares carbon particle template by hydro-thermal method with sugar;Using carbon particle as template, zinc salt and molysite is added, prepares ferrous acid zinc precursor by precipitating reagent of alkali, ferrous acid zinc nanoparticles are obtained by presoma pyrolysismethod in air atmosphere;It is separately added into anionic polyelectrolyte and graphene oxide in two steps, sintering obtains target carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole in nitrogen atmosphere.Operation of the present invention is simple, is easy to produce in batches, and water or alcohol solvent used are environmentally friendly.Zinc ferrite size is in 20 rans in the composite negative pole material obtained by this method, 2 nanometers thin of carbon-coating is evenly coated at ferrous acid zinc nanoparticles outer layer, and carbon-coating and zinc ferrite have strong covalent bond effect, graphene and carbon-coating form dual carbon coating structure, composite negative pole material is set to form three-dimensional conductive network, which has excellent high rate performance and cycle performance.

Description

A kind of preparation method of carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrode material and its applied technical fields, and in particular to a kind of carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene is multiple Close the preparation method of negative electrode material.
Background technique
Lithium ion battery is because of its energy density height, operating voltage height, long service life, environmental-friendly, memory-less effect Advantage is widely used in various portable electronic products.However, with the quick hair of electric car and large-scale energy storage device Exhibition, to the capacity of lithium ion battery, energy density and fast charging and discharging ability, more stringent requirements are proposed.Develop high performance electricity Pole material is the key factor for improving performance of lithium ion battery.Current commercialized lithium ion battery negative material mostly uses stone , there is the hidden danger for making battery explosion in black class carbon material, but it is also easy to produce Li dendrite in charge and discharge process, theoretical specific capacity compared with It is low(372 mAh/g), it is difficult to meet the needs of high capacity energy storage device of new generation.Therefore high capacity, long circulation life, height are found The negative electrode material of safety has become the focus of Study on Li-ion batteries.
Transition metal oxide is because of theoretical specific capacity with higher(500~1000 mAh/g), cause extensive pass Note.Wherein, the more general transition metal oxide of zinc ferrite has higher theoretical capacity(1000.5 mAh/g)It is taken off with lower Embedding lithium platform, and raw material sources are abundant, nontoxic, environmental-friendly, safety, thus by favor.But there are electric conductivity for zinc ferrite Difference, material volume variation greatly and is easy to happen the defect of reunion in charge and discharge process, so that the cycle performance of material and forthright again It can be greatly lowered.
For this problem, at present mainly by material nano and with carbon material is compound improves ferrous acid zinc load The performance of material.But there is also main deficiencies to be for zinc ferrite-carbon compound cathode materials at present:(1)There is magnetism in zinc ferrite, It is easy to happen reunion in preparation process, keeps the composite material obtained uneven;(2)Zinc ferrite and carbon material are in charge and discharge process Cubical expansivity it is different, so that zinc ferrite and carbon material is easy to happen disengaging;(3)The interface performance of zinc ferrite and carbon material compared with Difference.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole, needles To pure phase zinc ferrite negative electrode material defect, the zinc ferrite of nanoscale is prepared, first with the anionic polyelectrolyte of polyacids class For carbon source, make zinc ferrite and carbon that strong covalent bond effect occur, be re-introduced into graphene, forms three-dimensional conductive network structure, system For carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole, electrode material electric conductivity is improved, cycle performance and high rate performance are poor The problem of.
A kind of preparation method of carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole proposed by the present invention, specific steps are such as Under:
(1)Sugar is dissolved in deionized water, the sugar juice that concentration is 0.2-2 mol/L is obtained, sugar juice is then placed in water In hot kettle, is heated 2-10 hours at 140-200 DEG C, reactant is centrifuged, it is dry with ethyl alcohol and deionized water alternately washing 4 times After obtain carbon particle powder;
(2)By step(1)Obtained carbon particle powder is added in ethanol solution, is stirred after ultrasonic disperse, and carbon particle-second is obtained Alcohol dispersion liquid;Then it after zinc salt and molysite being dissolved in ethyl alcohol, is added dropwise in carbon particle-alcohol dispersion liquid, magnetic agitation 0.1-10 Hour, obtain the first mixed dispersion liquid;The ethanol solution of alkali is slowly added dropwise into first mixed dispersion liquid, magnetic force stirs It mixes 2 hours, after centrifugation, washing and freeze-drying, obtains powder;Then obtained powder is placed in tube furnace, air atmosphere It is calcined 0.5-5 hours at 200-800 DEG C, obtains ferrous acid zinc powder, wherein:The molar ratio of zinc and iron is 1.5 in zinc salt and molysite: 2, the molar ratio of zinc salt and alkali is 1.5:9;
(3)By step(2)It obtains the dispersion of zinc ferrite powder ultrasonic in deionized water, anionic polyelectrolyte, magnetic force is added Stirring 0.1-10 hours, obtains the mixed dispersion liquid of zinc ferrite and anionic polyelectrolyte;Then graphite oxide powder is surpassed After sound is distributed in deionized water, graphene oxide aqueous dispersions are obtained;The graphene oxide aqueous dispersions are added to again In the mixed dispersion liquid of zinc ferrite and anionic polyelectrolyte, continue magnetic agitation 0.1-10 hours, obtains the second mixing point Dispersion liquid;The sample obtained after the freeze-drying of the second mixed dispersion liquid of gained is placed in tube furnace, at 200-800 DEG C of nitrogen atmosphere Calcining obtains carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole in 0.5-5 hours;The zinc ferrite and anionic polyelectrolyte Mass ratio be 1:(0.1-2);The mass ratio of the zinc ferrite and graphite oxide is 1:(0.1-2).
In the present invention, step(1)Described in sugar be glucose, fructose or sucrose in any one.
In the present invention, step(2)Described in zinc salt be zinc chloride, zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc acetate or the corresponding crystallization water Close any one in object.
In the present invention, step(2)Described in molysite be iron chloride, ferric nitrate, ferric sulfate, ferric acetate or the corresponding crystallization water Close any one in object.
In the present invention, step(2)Described in carbon particle and the ratio of zinc salt be(50-500 milligrams):1 mM.
In the present invention, step(2)Described in alkali be sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide in any one.
In the present invention, step(3)Described in anionic polyelectrolyte be polyacids class polyelectrolyte, specially poly- third Any one in olefin(e) acid, polymethylacrylic acid, polystyrolsulfon acid, polyvinyl sulfonic acid or polyvinyl.
Advantageous advantage of the invention is:First is that the ferrous acid zinc nanoparticles of size uniformity are obtained by carbon particle template, Zinc ferrite nanoparticle size is in 20 rans, second is that using the polyacids anionoid type polyelectrolyte of strong compatibility as carbon source, Play the role of zinc ferrite and carbon source strong, reduces zinc ferrite in the reunion of carbon coating process, to obtain uniform carbon-encapsulated iron Sour zinc composite material forms three-dimensional conductive network structure third is that introducing graphene in carbon coating zinc ferrite composite material, improves The problem of electrode material poorly conductive, and after high temperature cabonization, strong covalent bond effect occurs for zinc ferrite and carbon, makes compound Material is not detached from charge and discharge process, and obtained carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole has excellent Cycle performance(Specific discharge capacity is up to 942 mAh/g after cycle charge-discharge 500 times under 0.2 A/g current density)And high rate performance (Specific discharge capacity under 5 A/g current densities is 67.8% of specific discharge capacity under 0.1 A/g current density).Program operation Simply, it is easy to produce in batches, solves the critical issue of zinc ferrite cycle life and high rate performance difference, to realize ferrous acid Zinc material A kind of effective way is provided in the application of negative electrode of lithium ion battery.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole X-ray diffraction spectrogram.
Fig. 2 is the field emission scanning electron microscope photo of zinc ferrite.
Fig. 3 is the transmission electron microscope photo of carbon coating zinc ferrite.
Fig. 4 is carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole field emission scanning electron microscope photo.
Fig. 5 is carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole high rate performance figure.
Fig. 6 is carbon coating zinc ferrite/cycle performance figure of the graphene composite negative pole at 0.2 A/g.
Specific embodiment
A kind of preparation of carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with attached drawing The specific embodiment of method, providing embodiment is to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, but to be in no way intended to limit the present invention, the present invention Implementation embodiment not limited to the following.Other some nonessential changes made according to foregoing invention content, belong to The scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1)Glucose is dissolved in deionized water, the glucose solution that concentration is 0.5 mol/L is obtained, then by glucose Solution is placed in water heating kettle, heats 8 hours at 180 DEG C, reactant is centrifuged, and with ethyl alcohol and deionized water alternately washing 4 times, is done Carbon particle powder is obtained after dry;
(2)By step(1)Obtained carbon particle powder(150 milligrams)It is added in ethanol solution, is stirred after ultrasonic disperse, obtained To carbon particle-alcohol dispersion liquid;Then by zinc chloride(1.5 mM)And ferric chloride hexahydrate(2 mMs)It is dissolved in ethyl alcohol Afterwards, it is added dropwise in carbon particle-alcohol dispersion liquid, magnetic agitation 5 hours, obtains the first mixed dispersion liquid;By ammonium hydroxide(9 mMs) Ethanol solution be slowly added dropwise into first mixed dispersion liquid, magnetic agitation 2 hours, centrifugation, washing and freeze-drying Afterwards, powder is obtained;Then obtained powder is placed in tube furnace, is calcined 2 hours at 500 DEG C of air atmosphere, obtain zinc ferrite Powder;(3)By step(2)Obtain ferrous acid zinc powder(100 milligrams)In deionized water, polyacrylic acid is added in ultrasonic disperse(50 Milligram), magnetic agitation 5 hours, obtain the mixed dispersion liquid of zinc ferrite and polyacrylic acid;Then by graphite oxide powder(20 millis Gram)After ultrasonic disperse is into deionized water, graphene oxide aqueous dispersions are obtained;The graphene oxide aqueous dispersions are added again Enter into the mixed dispersion liquid of zinc ferrite and polyacrylic acid, continues magnetic agitation 5 hours, obtain the second mixed dispersion liquid;By institute It obtains the sample obtained after the freeze-drying of the second mixed dispersion liquid to be placed in tube furnace, calcines 2 hours and obtain at 500 DEG C of nitrogen atmosphere Carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole.
Zinc ferrite can be seen that by X-ray diffraction in resulting carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole is Spinel structure(Fig. 1).Field emission scanning electron microscope photo shows, it is about equal at 20 nanometers that made Preparation Method successfully obtains diameter Even ferrous acid zinc nanoparticles(Fig. 2).Fig. 3 shows that 2 nanometers of carbon-coating is uniformly coated on ferrous acid zinc surface.Fig. 4 shows carbon packet Ferrous acid zinc nanoparticles are covered to be wrapped up by the graphene of thin layer.By high rate performance figure it is found that carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene Compound Negative Pole material in the case where the specific discharge capacity under 5 A/g is 0.1 A/g current density specific discharge capacity 67.8%(Fig. 5).Fig. 6 is provided Cycle performance figure, carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole are discharged after cycle charge-discharge 500 times at 0.2 A/g Specific capacity is up to 942 mAh/g, is the 99.2% of second of specific discharge capacity.
Embodiment 2
(1)Fructose is dissolved in deionized water, the fructose soln that concentration is 1 mol/L is obtained, is then placed in fructose soln It in water heating kettle, is heated 8 hours at 160 DEG C, reactant is centrifuged, with ethyl alcohol and deionized water alternately washing 4 times, obtained after dry Carbon particle powder;
(2)By step(1)Obtained carbon particle powder(200 milligrams)It is added in ethanol solution, is stirred after ultrasonic disperse, obtained Carbon particle-alcohol dispersion liquid;Then by zinc nitrate hexahydrate(1.5 mM)And Fe(NO3)39H2O(2 mMs)It is dissolved in second It after alcohol, is added dropwise in carbon particle-alcohol dispersion liquid, magnetic agitation 0.1 hour, obtains the first mixed dispersion liquid;By sodium hydroxide (9 mMs)Ethanol solution be slowly added dropwise into first mixed dispersion liquid, magnetic agitation 2 hours, centrifugation, washing and After freeze-drying, powder is obtained;Then obtained powder is placed in tube furnace, is calcined 0.5 hour at 800 DEG C of air atmosphere, Obtain ferrous acid zinc powder;
(3)By step(2)Obtain ferrous acid zinc powder(100 milligrams)In deionized water, polymethylacrylic acid is added in ultrasonic disperse (150 milligrams), magnetic agitation 10 hours, obtain the mixed dispersion liquid of zinc ferrite and zinc ferrite and polymethylacrylic acid;Then will Graphite oxide powder(10 milligrams)After ultrasonic disperse is into deionized water, graphene oxide aqueous dispersions are obtained;Again by the oxygen Graphite alkene aqueous dispersions are added in the mixed dispersion liquid of zinc ferrite and polymethylacrylic acid, are continued magnetic agitation 0.1 hour, Obtain the second mixed dispersion liquid;The sample obtained after the freeze-drying of the second mixed dispersion liquid of gained is placed in tube furnace, nitrogen It is calcined 0.5 hour at 500 DEG C of atmosphere and obtains carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole.
Embodiment 3
(1)Sucrose is dissolved in deionized water, the sucrose solution that concentration is 0.2 mol/L is obtained, then sets sucrose solution It in water heating kettle, is heated 2 hours at 180 DEG C, reactant is centrifuged, with ethyl alcohol and deionized water alternately washing 4 times, obtained after dry To carbon particle powder;
(2)By step(1)Obtained carbon particle powder(250 milligrams)It is added in ethanol solution, is stirred after ultrasonic disperse, obtained Carbon particle-alcohol dispersion liquid;Then by Zinc vitriol(1.5 mM)And ferric sulfate(1 mM)After being dissolved in ethyl alcohol, drop It adds in carbon particle-alcohol dispersion liquid, magnetic agitation 10 hours, obtains the first mixed dispersion liquid;By ammonium hydroxide(9 mMs)Second Alcoholic solution is slowly added dropwise into first mixed dispersion liquid, magnetic agitation 2 hours, after centrifugation, washing and freeze-drying, obtains To powder;Then obtained powder is placed in tube furnace, is calcined 5 hours at 400 DEG C of air atmosphere, obtain ferrous acid zinc powder;
(3)By step(2)Obtain ferrous acid zinc powder(100 milligrams)In deionized water, polystyrolsulfon acid is added in ultrasonic disperse (10 milligrams), magnetic agitation 0.1 hour, obtain the mixed dispersion liquid of zinc ferrite and polystyrolsulfon acid;Then by graphite oxide Powder(200 milligrams)After ultrasonic disperse is into deionized water, graphene oxide aqueous dispersions are obtained;Again by the graphene oxide Aqueous dispersions are added in the mixed dispersion liquid of zinc ferrite and polystyrolsulfon acid, are continued magnetic agitation 5 hours, and it is mixed to obtain second Close dispersion liquid;The sample obtained after the freeze-drying of the second mixed dispersion liquid of gained is placed in tube furnace, at 800 DEG C of nitrogen atmosphere Calcining obtains carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole in 5 hours.
Embodiment 4
(1)Glucose is dissolved in deionized water, the glucose solution that concentration is 2 mol/Ls is obtained, it is then that glucose is molten Liquid is placed in water heating kettle, heats 8 hours at 140 DEG C, reactant is centrifuged, dry with ethyl alcohol and deionized water alternately washing 4 times After obtain carbon particle powder;
(2)By step(1)Obtained carbon particle powder(75 milligrams)It is added in ethanol solution, is stirred after ultrasonic disperse, obtained Carbon particle-alcohol dispersion liquid;Then by zinc chloride(1.5 mM)And ferric chloride hexahydrate(2 mMs)After being dissolved in ethyl alcohol, drop It adds in carbon particle-alcohol dispersion liquid, magnetic agitation 8 hours, obtains the first mixed dispersion liquid;By potassium hydroxide(9 mMs) Ethanol solution be slowly added dropwise into first mixed dispersion liquid, magnetic agitation 2 hours, centrifugation, washing and freeze-drying Afterwards, powder is obtained;Then obtained powder is placed in tube furnace, is calcined 3 hours at 200 DEG C of air atmosphere, obtain zinc ferrite Powder;
(3)By step(2)Obtain ferrous acid zinc powder(100 milligrams)In deionized water, polyacrylic acid is added in ultrasonic disperse(50 Milligram), magnetic agitation 5 hours, obtain the mixed dispersion liquid of zinc ferrite and polyacrylic acid;Then by graphite oxide powder(100 Milligram)After ultrasonic disperse is into deionized water, graphene oxide aqueous dispersions are obtained;Again by the graphene oxide aqueous dispersions It is added in the mixed dispersion liquid of zinc ferrite and polyacrylic acid, continues magnetic agitation 10 hours, obtain the second mixed dispersion liquid;It will The sample obtained after the freeze-drying of the second mixed dispersion liquid of gained is placed in tube furnace, is calcined at 200 DEG C of nitrogen atmosphere 3 hours To carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole.
Embodiment 5
(1)Glucose is dissolved in deionized water, the glucose solution that concentration is 0.5 mol/L is obtained, then by glucose Solution is placed in water heating kettle, heats 10 hours at 200 DEG C, reactant is centrifuged, and is alternately washed 4 times with ethyl alcohol and deionized water, Carbon particle powder is obtained after drying;
(2)By step(1)Obtained carbon particle powder(750 milligrams)It is added in ethanol solution, is stirred after ultrasonic disperse, obtained To carbon particle-alcohol dispersion liquid;Then by zinc chloride(1.5 mM)And ferric chloride hexahydrate(2 mMs)After being dissolved in ethyl alcohol, It is added dropwise in carbon particle-alcohol dispersion liquid, magnetic agitation 5 hours, obtains the first mixed dispersion liquid;By sodium hydroxide(9 mmoles You)Ethanol solution be slowly added dropwise into first mixed dispersion liquid, magnetic agitation 2 hours, centrifugation, washing and freezing were dry After dry, powder is obtained;Then obtained powder is placed in tube furnace, is calcined 1 hour at 600 DEG C of air atmosphere, obtain ferrous acid Zinc powder;
(3)By step(2)Obtain ferrous acid zinc powder(100 milligrams)In deionized water, polyvinyl is added in ultrasonic disperse (50 milligrams), magnetic agitation 5 hours, obtain the mixed dispersion liquid of zinc ferrite and polyvinyl;Then by graphite oxide powder (50 milligrams)After ultrasonic disperse is into deionized water, graphene oxide aqueous dispersions are obtained;Again by the graphene oxide moisture Dispersion liquid is added in the mixed dispersion liquid of zinc ferrite and polyvinyl, is continued magnetic agitation 8 hours, and the second mixing dispersion is obtained Liquid;The sample obtained after the freeze-drying of the second mixed dispersion liquid of gained is placed in tube furnace, calcines 4 at 400 DEG C of nitrogen atmosphere Hour obtains carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of preparation method of carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole, it is characterised in that specific step is as follows:
(1)Sugar is dissolved in deionized water, the sugar juice that concentration is 0.2-2 mol/L is obtained, sugar juice is then placed in water In hot kettle, is heated 2-10 hours at 140-200 DEG C, reactant is centrifuged, it is dry with ethyl alcohol and deionized water alternately washing 4 times After obtain carbon particle powder;
(2)By step(1)Obtained carbon particle powder is added in ethanol solution, is stirred after ultrasonic disperse, and carbon particle-second is obtained Alcohol dispersion liquid;Then it after zinc salt and molysite being dissolved in ethyl alcohol, is added dropwise in carbon particle-alcohol dispersion liquid, magnetic agitation 0.1-10 Hour, obtain the first mixed dispersion liquid;The ethanol solution of alkali is slowly added dropwise into first mixed dispersion liquid, magnetic force stirs It mixes 2 hours, after centrifugation, washing and freeze-drying, obtains powder;Then obtained powder is placed in tube furnace, air atmosphere It is calcined 0.5-5 hours at 200-800 DEG C, obtains ferrous acid zinc powder, wherein:The molar ratio of zinc and iron is 1.5 in zinc salt and molysite: 2, the molar ratio of zinc salt and alkali is 1.5:9;
(3)By step(2)It obtains the dispersion of zinc ferrite powder ultrasonic in deionized water, anionic polyelectrolyte, magnetic force is added Stirring 0.1-10 hours, obtains the mixed dispersion liquid of zinc ferrite and anionic polyelectrolyte;Then graphite oxide powder is surpassed After sound is distributed in deionized water, graphene oxide aqueous dispersions are obtained;The graphene oxide aqueous dispersions are added to again In the mixed dispersion liquid of zinc ferrite and anionic polyelectrolyte, continue magnetic agitation 0.1-10 hours, obtains the second mixing point Dispersion liquid;The sample obtained after the freeze-drying of the second mixed dispersion liquid of gained is placed in tube furnace, at 200-800 DEG C of nitrogen atmosphere Calcining obtains carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole in 0.5-5 hours;The zinc ferrite and anionic polyelectrolyte Mass ratio be 1:(0.1-2);The mass ratio of the zinc ferrite and graphite oxide is 1:(0.1-2).
2. the preparation method of carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Step(1)Described in sugar be glucose, fructose or sucrose in any one.
3. the preparation method of carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Step(2)Described in zinc salt be zinc chloride, zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc acetate or corresponding crystalline hydrate in any one.
4. the preparation method of carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Step(2)Described in molysite be iron chloride, ferric nitrate, ferric sulfate, ferric acetate or corresponding crystalline hydrate in any one.
5. the preparation method of carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Step(2)Described in carbon particle and the ratio of zinc salt be(50-500 milligrams):1 mM.
6. the preparation method of carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Step(2)Described in alkali be sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide in any one.
7. the preparation method of carbon coating zinc ferrite/graphene composite negative pole according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Step(3)Described in anionic polyelectrolyte be polyacids class polyelectrolyte, specially polyacrylic acid, polymethylacrylic acid, Any one in polystyrolsulfon acid, polyvinyl sulfonic acid or polyvinyl.
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