CN108830767A - Accident vehicle travel speed and accident origin cause of formation aided analysis method - Google Patents
Accident vehicle travel speed and accident origin cause of formation aided analysis method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of accident vehicle travel speed and accident origin cause of formation aided analysis methods, and this approach includes the following steps：S1 opens pending data in processing software, judges the accident pattern that accident vehicle occurs according to pending data；S2, to the vehicle of accident occurs, driver and passenger, pedestrian demarcate, the relevant parameter in measurement accident；S3 determines vehicle and/or the corresponding sliding attachment coefficient or coefficient of friction or coefficient of rolling resistance of pedestrian according to the situation of travel in pending data；S4 adjusts the attachment coefficient correction value size of vehicle according to sliding attachment coefficient, coefficient of friction and the coefficient of rolling resistance determined in step S3；S5, speed when calculating the incident of accident vehicle, or implement genetic analysis.The present invention may make that one line traffic police personnel of the scene of the accident, the relevant staff that handles a case can more than enough occasion, the quickly and easily travel speeds in reckoning accident when vehicle incident, single vehicle accident, cart and motor-vehicle accident, pedestrian and motor-vehicle accident are verified, two vehicles, which knock into the back, waits under Crash characteristics whether vehicle exceeds the speed limit, driver disposes the hypothesis such as whether appropriate, whether making contact can be avoided and infers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of traffic accident information process fields, more particularly to a kind of accident vehicle travel speed and thing
Therefore origin cause of formation aided analysis method.
Background technique
Road traffic accident has become the primary killers for endangering human life, and the social concern of extensive concern at present.
Analysis road traffic accident causation and processing road traffic accident work must define two major issues first：Accident vehicle exists
Whether exceed the speed limit when incident etc. illegal activities, accident vehicle driver during incident with the presence or absence of mishandling.Around this two
A major issue, although one line traffic police personnel of the scene of the accident are highly desirable to obtain related data or quantification result to prop up
Support they hypothesis and infer so promote they it is subsequent investigation work more pointedly carry out, however for now they
Hope it is also difficult to achieve；Its reason is:Even if one line traffic police personnel of the scene of the accident are existing in drafting road traffic accident
It can rapidly be surveyed in time during field figure or traffic accident situ outdoor scene record figure, obtain accident critical data letter
Breath, but the analysis for these accident critical datas are then needing to remember a large amount of theoretical, formula and parameter, to public affairs in the past
Formula, parameter also need classification, judgement, and then choice selection, critical data enter analytical formula, parameters selection etc. and all rely on people
Work operation.In addition, artificial calculating analysis certainly will have the defects of error probability is big, consuming time is long.These restraining factors make
Correlation analysis work requires identification of being tested by means of judicial expertise mechanism professional at present, then feeds back result
In the traffic police personnel that handle a case.It can be seen that it is detached from one line of the scene of the accident of professional crash analysis personnel, unit of handling a case place,
To calculating accident vehicle travel speed using traffic accident situ data information, judging accident vehicle driver in thing
It becomes during hair with the presence or absence of mishandling for the difficult point and pain spot in personnel in charge of the case's routine work.Even if entrusting professional people
Member obtains the problems such as relevant information is long, costly there is also the period by test sensitivity, directly affects case related work people
Member's handles a case.
When preferably to facilitate one line traffic police personnel of the scene of the accident that can quickly and conveniently calculate accident vehicle incident
Travel speed, suitably verify a series of genetic analysis and assume and infer, so that them is handled a case, thinking is more clear, and saving is more held
Punish case resource by law；Also handle a case for convenience relevant staff unit place of handling a case casualty data is analysed in depth and benefit
With, finally law enforcement effect is further increased, this just needs specific aim and proposes a kind of feasible technical method auxiliary thing
Therefore a live line traffic police personnel, the related personnel that handles a case to accident vehicle travel speed and the accident origin cause of formation in a variety of occasions and work
It is closed under industry environment and in time carries out case analysis and processing.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed at least solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, a kind of accident vehicle is especially innovatively proposed
Travel speed and accident origin cause of formation aided analysis method.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the invention discloses a kind of accident vehicle travel speed and the accident origin cause of formation are auxiliary
Analysis method is helped, this approach includes the following steps：
S1 opens pending data in processing software, judges the accident class that accident vehicle occurs according to pending data
Type；
S2, to the vehicle of accident occurs, driver and passenger, pedestrian demarcate, the relevant parameter in measurement accident；
S3 determines vehicle and/or the corresponding sliding attachment coefficient of pedestrian according to the situation of travel in pending data
Or coefficient of friction or coefficient of rolling resistance；
S4 adjusts the attached of vehicle according to sliding attachment coefficient, coefficient of friction and the coefficient of rolling resistance determined in step S3
Coefficient correction value size；
S5, speed when calculating the incident of accident vehicle, or implement genetic analysis.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step s 2, if accident occurs is garage collision accident,
Then the calculation method of relevant parameter includes the following steps：
S2-1, collision vehicle is weighed using the first weighing device and by the weight of collision vehicle respectively, and collision vehicle and is touched
The weight of the interior all personnel of collision；Collision vehicle and the weight for being equal to collision vehicle by the actual weight of collision vehicle and being weighed by collision vehicle
It measures and the sum of the weight of all personnel in corresponding vehicle；If uncertain occupant's weight, to collide vehicle and by collision vehicle
All-up weight is as collision vehicle and by the actual weight of collision vehicle；
S2-2 measures collision vehicle using the first ranging tool and by the skidding distance after the collision of collision vehicle respectively；
S2-3 calculates vehicle if accident pattern is that car and car head-on crash or car and car rear-end collide
Amount of plastic deformation；If accident pattern is automobile and automobile right-angle side collision, the measurement collision of first angle measuring tool is utilized
Vehicle and the sliding deviation angle by collision vehicle.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step s 2, if accident occurs is that cart is touched with automobile
Accident is hit, then the calculation method of relevant parameter includes the following steps：
S3-1 is weighed on weight and the cart and Automobile of cart and automobile respectively using the second weighing device
The weight of all personnel；The actual weight of automobile is equal to the sum of the weight of all personnel in the weight that automobile weighs and automobile；If
The weight of personnel in uncertain automobile, then using the all-up weight of automobile as the actual weight of automobile；
S3-2, the skidding distance after measuring automobile and cart collision respectively using the second ranging tool；
S3-3, if accident pattern is that motorcycle is collided to motion state change on rear side of automobile side and car crass, or is
The front side side collision of automobile and two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center is then measured using second angle measuring tool by collision vehicle
The sliding deviation angle；If accident pattern is that automobile is touched with side on front side of two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center side collision or mass center
It hits, then measures the angle that two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle, cyclist are spilled over using second angle measuring tool.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step s 2, if accident occurs is Vehicle-pedestrian impact
Accident, then the calculation method of relevant parameter includes the following steps：
S4-1, using the height of third ranging tool measurement pedestrian, using the height half of pedestrian as pedestrian's matter when collision
Heart height；
S4-2 utilizes the linear distance of the 4th ranging tool measurement making contact point to the final stop place of mass center of human body.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step s 2, if accident occurs is automobile in level road
Rollover accident relevant to corresponding critical speed, then the calculation method of relevant parameter includes the following steps：
S5-1, using the height of the 5th ranging tool measurement automobile, using the mid-height of automobile as automobile matter when rollover
Heart height；
S5-2 utilizes wheelspan of the 6th ranging tool measurement running car when turning on one's side on road surface；
S5-3 utilizes arc trace radius on the 7th ranging tool survey calculation road surface.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S5-3, on road surface the calculating side of arc trace radius
Method is：Two o'clock is first found on arc trace, and the straight length for measuring the point-to-point transmission is C, then finds one on arc trace
Point, point being equidistant to point-to-point transmission, measuring distance of the point between being in line two o'clock is L, i.e. arc trace radius
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step sl, judge the accident pattern packet that accident vehicle occurs
Include garage collision accident type, cart and automobile collision accident type, Vehicle-pedestrian impact accident pattern, folk prescription vehicle
One of accident pattern or any combination；
The garage collision accident type includes car and car head-on crash accident, car and car rear-end collision thing
Therefore one of automobile and automobile right-angle side collision accident or any combination；
The cart and automobile collision accident type include on rear side of motorcycle collision automobile side and car crass to fortune
Dynamic state changes accident, motorcycle collision car side and wheelbase and reduces accident, automobile and two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center
Front side side impact events, automobile and the two-wheeled motorcycle of side impact events, automobile and two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center
Or one of front side side impact events of bicycle mass center or any combination；
The Vehicle-pedestrian impact accident pattern includes being spilled over accident after Vehicle-pedestrian impact and pedestrian impact；
The folk prescription car accident type includes automobile in level road sideslip and/or turns on one's side related to corresponding critical speed
Vehicle and the first pick-up point of automobile are fallen outside accident, road hits fixture accident, automobile overturning aftercarriage on road surface for bottom of slope accident, car
One of rolling or jump accident or any combination after taxident, car hit barrier.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pending data include scene of the accident survey data or/and
Accident Aerial Images or/and accident situ map or/and scene of the accident photo or/and the case of accident party or eye witness description
Part data measures or assert and computer software or handheld terminal software extract needs based on the mode of algorithm measurement and is subject to
The critical data for calculating and analyzing.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first~seven ranging tool is tape measure, tape measure, Sopwith staff, Laser Measuring
One of distance meter, total station and computer software based on Measurement Algorithm or handheld terminal software or any combination.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：By being surveyed to the scene of the accident
Data or accident Aerial Images or accident situ map or scene of the accident photo or accident party or eye witness description etc.
Case data is calculated automatically using manual measurement or identification, computer (hand-held end equipment) software and extracts critical data, is being calculated
Accident vehicle travel speed and accident origin cause of formation assistant analysis are realized in machine (hand-held end equipment) software；It may make thing using this method
Therefore a live line traffic police personnel, handle a case relevant staff can more than enough occasion, quickly and easily cause trouble in reckoning accident
Travel speed when vehicle incident, verifying single vehicle accident, cart and motor-vehicle accident, pedestrian and motor-vehicle accident, two vehicles knock into the back
The hypothesis such as whether vehicle exceeds the speed limit under Crash characteristics, whether driver's disposition is appropriate, whether making contact can be avoided and deduction.Especially
It is rationally efficiently to can be realized drawing traffic accident situ map or traffic accident situ reality with this method
It when scape record figure, without memory, consults, selection formula, it is not necessary that critical data is manually entered, calculates analysis without artificial, only lead to
Cross very small workload be just able to achieve accident vehicle travel speed obtain immediately and to the accident origin cause of formation carry out immediately and in due course
Analysis, so be embodied as one line traffic police personnel of the scene of the accident, the relevant staff that handles a case provide it is intelligent, high-speeding auxiliary
Technical support is helped, the beneficial effect for improving case handling efficiency, shortening the time of handling a case, promoting working quality of case handling is finally reached.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic process flow diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, and for explaining only the invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
The invention discloses a kind of accident vehicle travel speed and accident origin cause of formation aided analysis methods, as shown in Figure 1, the party
Method includes the following steps：
The first step opens pending data in processing software, judges the thing that accident vehicle occurs according to pending data
Therefore type, execute second step.In the present embodiment, pending data include scene of the accident survey data, accident Aerial Images,
Accident situ map, scene of the accident photo, accident party or the case data of eye witness's description measure or assert data,
And computer software or handheld terminal software extract the critical data for needing to be calculated and analyzed based on the mode of algorithm measurement.
In addition, accident pattern includes garage collision accident type, cart and automobile collision accident type, Vehicle-pedestrian impact thing
Therefore type, folk prescription car accident type；Garage collision accident type includes car and car head-on crash accident, car and sedan-chair
Vehicle rear-end impact accident, automobile and automobile right-angle side collision accident；Cart and automobile collision accident type include motorcycle
It collides and changes accident, motorcycle collision car side and wheelbase reduction thing to motion state on rear side of automobile side and car crass
Therefore before automobile and two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center side impact events, automobile and two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center
The front side side impact events of side side impact events, automobile and two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center；Vehicle-pedestrian impact
Accident pattern includes being spilled over accident after Vehicle-pedestrian impact and pedestrian impact；Folk prescription car accident type includes automobile in water
Flat road surface break away and/or rollover with outside corresponding critical speed related accidents, road pendant vehicle and the first pick-up point of automobile be bottom of slope accident,
Car hits fixture accident, automobile overturning aftercarriage and rolls or jump after road surface taxident, car hit barrier accident.
Second step, to the vehicle of accident occurs, driver and passenger, pedestrian demarcate, the relevant parameter in measurement accident is held
Row third step.
If accident occurs is garage collision accident, the calculation method of relevant parameter includes the following steps：
S2-1, collision vehicle is weighed using the first weighing device and by the weight of collision vehicle respectively, and collision vehicle and is touched
The weight of the interior all personnel of collision；Collision vehicle and the weight for being equal to collision vehicle by the actual weight of collision vehicle and being weighed by collision vehicle
It measures and the sum of the weight of all personnel in corresponding vehicle；If uncertain occupant's weight, to collide vehicle and by collision vehicle
All-up weight is as collision vehicle and by the actual weight of collision vehicle；
S2-2 measures collision vehicle using the first ranging tool and by the skidding distance after the collision of collision vehicle respectively；
S2-3 calculates vehicle if accident pattern is that car and car head-on crash or car and car rear-end collide
Amount of plastic deformation；In the present embodiment, the calculation method of amount of plastic deformation is：S31 will collide vehicle or by appointing on collision vehicle
Some origin as three-dimensional coordinate, to collide vehicle or the horizontal direction travelled by collision vehicle as the positive direction of X-axis, with vertically to
Lower direction is the positive direction of Y-axis perpendicular to X-axis, perpendicular to X-axis and Y-axis and to collide vehicle or by the driving direction of collision vehicle
Positive direction of the left side as Z axis；
S32, calibration collide vehicle and are formed by recess areal coordinate by the collision of collision vehicle；
S33 is formed by orthographic projection concave face in plane to X-axis and Z axis, obtains frontal plane of projection；
Frontal plane of projection shock line/face is moved to and is overlapped with Z axis by S34；
S35 finds out the coordinate of the coordinate of amount of plastic deformation maximum value and amount of plastic deformation minimum value on frontal plane of projection；
S36, amount of plastic deformation are equal to the X-coordinate value of amount of plastic deformation maximum value and the X-coordinate of amount of plastic deformation minimum value
The half of the absolute value of the sum of value.
If accident pattern is automobile and automobile right-angle side collision, using first angle measuring tool measurement collision vehicle and
By the sliding deviation angle of collision vehicle.
If accident occurs is cart and automobile collision accident, the calculation method of relevant parameter includes the following steps：
S3-1 is weighed on weight and the cart and Automobile of cart and automobile respectively using the second weighing device
The weight of all personnel；The actual weight of automobile is equal to the sum of the weight of all personnel in the weight that automobile weighs and automobile；If
The weight of personnel in uncertain automobile, then using the all-up weight of automobile as the actual weight of automobile；
S3-2, the skidding distance after measuring automobile and cart collision respectively using the second ranging tool；
S3-3, if accident pattern is that motorcycle is collided to motion state change on rear side of automobile side and car crass, or is
The front side side collision of automobile and two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center is then measured using second angle measuring tool by collision vehicle
The sliding deviation angle；If accident pattern is automobile and two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center side collision, second angle is utilized
The angle that measuring tool measurement two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle, cyclist are spilled over.
If accident occurs is Vehicle-pedestrian impact accident, the calculation method of relevant parameter includes the following steps：
S4-1, using the height of third ranging tool measurement pedestrian, using the height half of pedestrian as pedestrian's matter when collision
Heart height；
S4-2 utilizes the linear distance of the 4th ranging tool measurement making contact point to the final stop place of mass center of human body.
If accident occurs be automobile level road break away and/or turn on one's side to accident relevant for critical speed,
The calculation method of relevant parameter includes the following steps：
S5-1, using the height of the 5th ranging tool measurement automobile, using the mid-height of automobile as automobile matter when rollover
Heart height；
S5-2 utilizes wheelspan of the 6th ranging tool measurement running car when turning on one's side on road surface；
S5-3 utilizes arc trace radius on the 7th ranging tool survey calculation road surface.Wherein, arc trace half on road surface
The calculation method of diameter is：Two o'clock is first found on arc trace, and the straight length for measuring the point-to-point transmission is C, then in arc trace
It is found on mark a bit, point being equidistant to point-to-point transmission, measuring distance of the point between being in line two o'clock is L, i.e. arc
Trace radius
Third step determines vehicle and/or the corresponding sliding attachment of pedestrian according to the situation of travel in pending data
Coefficient, coefficient of friction and and coefficient of rolling resistance, execute the 4th step.In the present embodiment, the sliding attachment coefficient of vehicle, rub
It wipes coefficient and rolls coefficient respectively as shown in table 1.1,1.2 and 1.3.
1.1 automobile of table slides attachment coefficient reference value
The determination method of its vehicle sliding attachment coefficient includes that speed before judge track situation, collision, road surface are done
Wet situation；Track situation includes concrete road surface, bituminous pavement, sand-gravel surface, lime-ash road surface, ice road surface and avenges road surface,
Specifically include following steps：
S111, it is assumed that collision vehicle is less than or equal to 48Km/h and track by the speed before the collision of collision vehicle for dry road
Face, then judge collide vehicle and by collision vehicle track sliding attachment coefficient：
It if track is concrete road surface or bituminous pavement, and is new paved road, then vehicle slides attachment coefficient
Adjustable range is 0.80~1.00；If track is concrete road surface or bituminous pavement, and pavement abrasion is smaller, then vehicle is sliding
The adjustable range of dynamic attachment coefficient is 0.60~0.80；If track is concrete road surface or bituminous pavement, and pavement abrasion
Larger, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.55~0.75；If track is bituminous pavement and road surface tar
Excessively, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.50~0.60；If track is sand-gravel surface, vehicle sliding
The adjustable range of attachment coefficient is 0.40~0.70；If track is lime-ash road surface, vehicle slides the adjusting of attachment coefficient
Range is 0.50~0.70；If track is ice road surface, the adjustable range that vehicle slides attachment coefficient is 0.10~0.25；
If track is snow road surface, the adjustable range that vehicle slides attachment coefficient is 0.30~0.55；
S112, it is assumed that collision vehicle is less than or equal to 48Km/h and track by the speed before the collision of collision vehicle for moist road
Face, then judge collide vehicle and by collision vehicle track sliding attachment coefficient：If track is concrete road surface or drip
Green road surface, and be new paved road, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.50~0.80；If track is mixed
Solidifying soil surface or bituminous pavement, and pavement abrasion is smaller, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.45~0.70；If
Track is concrete road surface or bituminous pavement, and pavement abrasion is larger, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is
0.45~0.65；If track is bituminous pavement and road surface tar is excessive, the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is
0.30~0.60；If track is sand-gravel surface, the adjustable range that vehicle slides attachment coefficient is 0.45~0.75；If row
Sailing road surface is lime-ash road surface, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.65~0.75；If track is ice road surface,
Then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.05~0.10；If track is snow road surface, vehicle sliding attachment system
Several adjustable ranges is 0.30~0.60；
S113, it is assumed that the speed before colliding vehicle or being collided by collision vehicle is greater than 48Km/h and track is dry pavement,
Then judge collide vehicle and by collision vehicle track sliding attachment coefficient：If track is concrete road surface and is newly to spread
Road surface is filled, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.70~0.85；If track is concrete road surface and road surface
Abrasion are smaller, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.60~0.75；If track is concrete road surface and road
Face abrasion are larger, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.50~0.65；If track is bituminous pavement and is
New paved road, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.60~0.70；If track is bituminous pavement and road
Face abrasion are smaller, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.55~0.70；If track is bituminous pavement and road
Face abrasion are larger, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.45~0.65；If track is bituminous pavement and road
Face tar is excessive, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.35~0.60；If track is sand-gravel surface, vehicle
Sliding attachment coefficient adjustable range be 0.40~0.70；If track is lime-ash road surface, vehicle slides attachment coefficient
Adjustable range be 0.50~0.70；If track is ice road surface, the adjustable range that vehicle slides attachment coefficient is 0.07
~0.20；If track is snow road surface, the adjustable range that vehicle slides attachment coefficient is 0.35~0.55；
S114, it is assumed that the speed before colliding vehicle or being collided by collision vehicle is greater than 48Km/h and track is wet road surface,
Then judge collide vehicle and by collision vehicle track sliding attachment coefficient：If track is concrete road surface and is newly to spread
Road surface is filled, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.40~0.75；If track is concrete road surface and road surface
Abrasion are smaller, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.45~0.65；If track is concrete road surface and road
Face abrasion are larger, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.45~0.60；If track is bituminous pavement and is
New paved road, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.45~0.75；If track is bituminous pavement and road
Face abrasion are smaller, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.40~0.65；If track is bituminous pavement and road
Face abrasion are larger, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.40~0.60；If track is bituminous pavement and road
Face tar is excessive, then the adjustable range of vehicle sliding attachment coefficient is 0.25~0.55；If track is sand-gravel surface, vehicle
Sliding attachment coefficient adjustable range be 0.45~0.75；If track is lime-ash road surface, vehicle slides attachment coefficient
Adjustable range be 0.65~0.75；If track is ice road surface, the adjustable range that vehicle slides attachment coefficient is 0.05
~0.10；If track is snow road surface, the adjustable range that vehicle slides attachment coefficient is 0.30~0.60.
Vehicle body coefficient of sliding friction reference value when table 1.2 overturns
| Skid conditions | Coefficient of friction |
| The side vehicle body of truck slides on concrete road surface | 0.3~0.4 |
| The car of overturning slides on concrete road surface | 0.3 |
| The car of overturning slides on crude asphalt road surface | 0.4 |
| The car of overturning slides on stone road surface | 0.5~0.7 |
| The car of overturning slides on dry thick grass | 0.5 |
| Vehicle-body outer panel is to bituminous pavement | 0.4 |
| Vehicle-body outer panel is to soil road surface | 0.2 |
| Vehicle-body outer panel is to vehicle-body outer panel | 0.6 |
| Overturn sliding for motorcycle | 0.55~0.7 |
1.3 automobile coefficient of rolling resistance reference value of table
In the present embodiment, the coefficient of friction on dressing pedestrian and ground is 0.6~1.4, is preferably according to experimental data
1.1。
4th step adjusts vehicle according to sliding attachment coefficient, coefficient of friction and the coefficient of rolling resistance determined in third step
Attachment coefficient correction value size, execute the 5th step.In the present embodiment, the magnitude range of attachment coefficient correction value is 0.10
~1.00, when not adjusting attachment coefficient correction value, attachment coefficient correction value is 1.00.
5th step, speed when calculating the incident of accident vehicle, or implement genetic analysis.In the present embodiment, when incident
Speed calculation method includes following accident pattern：
1, braking track calculates accident automobile driving speed：
In formula：v1For the moment Vehicle Speed (m/s) of automobile brake trace starting point；K is attachment coefficient correction value；For the vertical sliding attachment coefficient of automobile；I is road grade；S is automobile brake mark lengths (m).
2, sideslip trace calculates accident skid critical velocity：
In formula：v1For automobile turning sideslip critical velocity (km/h)；It breaks away between transformation tire and road surface attached
Coefficient Attachment coefficient is slided for automobile is vertical, referring to form 3-1；G is acceleration of gravity
(m/s2)；R is critical turning radius (m).
If 3, car and car head-on crash：
In formula：v1、v2For road traffic accident moment car speed, unit is kilometer per hour (Km/h)；m1、m2For vapour
Vehicle quality, unit are kilogram (Kg)；Attachment coefficient is slided for automobile；k1、k2For automobile attachment coefficient correction value；
s1、s2For the skidding distance after car crass, unit is rice (m)；x1For automobile amount of plastic deformation, unit is rice (m)；G is gravity
Acceleration takes 9.8m/s2；When 2 vehicles are moved along original direction after collision, "-" is taken；2 vehicles are moved with 1 vehicle along 1 vehicle direction after collision
When, take "+" number.
4, car and car rear-end collide：
In formula：v1、v2Vehicle is collided, by collision speed degree for traffic accident moment, and unit is kilometer per hour (Km/h)；m1、
m2For collision vehicle, by collision vehicle quality, unit is kilogram (Kg)；Attachment coefficient is slided for collision vehicle；k1For collision vehicle attachment
Coefficient correction value；s1、s2For collision vehicle, by collision vehicle collision after skidding distance, unit be rice (m)；f2For by the rolling of collision vehicle
Dynamic resistance coefficient；x2For by collision vehicle amount of plastic deformation, unit is rice (m)；G is acceleration of gravity, takes 9.8m/s2.
5, automobile and automobile right-angle side collision：
In formula：v1、v2Vehicle is collided, by collision speed degree for traffic accident moment, and unit is kilometer per hour (Km/h)；Attachment coefficient is slided for collision vehicle, by collision vehicle；k1、k2For collision vehicle, by collision vehicle attachment coefficient correction value；
s1、s2For collision vehicle, by collision vehicle collision after skidding distance, unit be rice (m)；m1、m2For collision vehicle, by collision vehicle quality,
Unit is kilogram (Kg)；α,βTo touchIt collides, slid the deviation angle by collision vehicle, unit is degree (rad)；3.6 be unit conversion generation
Coefficient；G is acceleration of gravity, takes 9.8m/s2.
6, change on rear side of motorcycle collision automobile side and car crass to motion state：
Calculation method when cyclist crosses by collision roof：
In formula：v1、v2For traffic accident moment automobile, motorcycle speed, unit is kilometer per hour (Km/h)；m1、m2、mp
For automobile, motorcycle, cyclist's mass, unit is kilogram (Kg)；K is attachment coefficient correction value；S is the sliding after car crass
Distance, unit are rice (m)；For the sliding attachment coefficient of automobile；θ is that the deviation angle is slid by collision vehicle, and unit is degree (rad)；
3.6 coefficients generated for unit conversion；G is acceleration of gravity；Take 9.8m/s2.
7, motorcycle collision car side and wheelbase reduction：
In formula：V is traffic accident moment motorcycle speed, and unit is kilometer per hour (Km/h)；m1、m2For motorcycle, sedan-chair
Vehicle quality, unit are kilogram (Kg)；D is motorcycle shaft away from reduction amount, and unit is rice (m).
8, automobile and two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center side collision：
In formula：v1、v2For traffic accident moment two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle, car speed, unit is kilometer per hour
(Km/h)；m1、m2、mpFor two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle, automobile, cyclist's mass, unit is kilogram (Kg)；k2It is attached for automobile
Coefficient correction value；s1、s2、spFor the skidding distance after two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle, automobile, cyclist's collision, unit is rice
(m)；μ1,μpFor two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle body and surface friction coefficient, the sliding attachment coefficient of automobile, cyclist
With the coefficient of friction on ground；θ1、θpThe angle being spilled over for two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle, cyclist；G is acceleration of gravity, is taken
9.8m/s2；The height of center of mass of cyclist when h is collision, unit are rice (m)；3.6 coefficients generated for unit conversion.
9, the front side side collision of automobile and two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center：
In formula：v1、v2Traffic accident moment two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle, car speed, unit are kilometer per hour (Km/
h)；K is automobile attachment coefficient correction value；S is the skidding distance of automobile after collision, and unit is rice (m)；It is attached for the sliding of automobile
Coefficient；θ is the drift out deviation angle, and unit is degree (rad)；3.6 coefficients generated for unit conversion；G is acceleration of gravity,
Take 9.8m/s2.
10, the front side side collision of automobile and two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center：
In formula：v1For traffic accident moment car speed, unit is kilometer per hour (Km/h)；m1、m2、mpFor automobile, certainly
Driving, cyclist's mass, unit are kilogram (Kg)；K is automobile attachment coefficient correction value；s1For collision after automobile sliding away from
From unit is rice (m)；Attachment coefficient is slided for automobile；
3.6 coefficients generated for unit conversion；G is acceleration of gravity, takes 9.8m/s2.
11, it is spilled over after Vehicle-pedestrian impact and pedestrian impact：
In formula：V is traffic accident moment car speed, and unit is kilometer per hour (Km/h)；μpFor human body and ground
Coefficient of friction；X is linear distance of the making contact point to the final stop place of mass center of human body, and unit is rice (m)；When h is collision
Pedestrian's height of center of mass, unit are rice (m)；3.6 coefficients generated for unit conversion；G is acceleration of gravity, takes 9.8m/s2.
12, the critical speed that automobile is turned on one's side in level road：
In formula：V is the critical speed that automobile is turned on one's side in level road, and unit is kilometer per hour (Km/h)；R is turning half
Diameter (or ground arc trace radius), unit are rice (m)；D is wheelspan, and unit is rice (m)；H is vehicle centroid height, and unit is
Rice (m)；3.6 coefficients generated for unit conversion；G is acceleration of gravity, takes 9.8m/s2.
13, vehicle is fallen outside road and the first pick-up point of automobile is bottom of slope：
In formula：V is the instantaneous speed that automobile falls Chinese herbaceous peony, and unit is kilometer per hour (Km/h)；X is that automobile falls place extremely
Stop the horizontal distance in place, unit is rice (m)；H is height of fall, and unit is rice (m)；
F is the coefficient of rolling resistance after automobile falls with ground；3.6 coefficients generated for unit conversion；G is gravity acceleration
Degree, takes 9.8m/s2.
14, car hits fixture：
V=67l
In formula：V is the instantaneous speed before car hit fixture, and unit is kilometer per hour (Km/h)；L is the change of automobile plasticity
Shape amount, unit are rice (m).
15, automobile overturning aftercarriage slides on road surface：
In formula：V is the instantaneous speed before automobile overturns, and unit is kilometer per hour (Km/h)；I is the gradient, and upward slope takes "+"
Number, descending takes "-" number；μ is the coefficient of friction of car body and road surface；S is skidding distance of the car body on road surface, and unit is rice (m)；
3.6 coefficients generated for unit conversion；G is acceleration of gravity, takes 9.8m/s2.
16, it rolls or jumps after car hit barrier：
In formula：V is the instantaneous speed before automobile rolls or jumps, and unit is kilometer per hour (Km/h)；S is to collide
When vehicle centroid position and rolling or jump after initial contact ground centroid position between horizontal distance, unit is rice
(m)；H is the automobile vertical range falling or rises, takes "+" number when falling, and when rising takes "-" number, and unit is rice (m).
In the present embodiment, the method for implementing genetic analysis is：
Whether exceeded the speed limit using causing analysis model verifying vehicle, driver disposes whether appropriate, making contact whether can be with
It avoids, it is as follows to calculate causing analysis model：
S1=V1t1
S=S1+S2+S3
In formula：S distance (m) between making contact point and vehicle final position；S1It is crossed within the reaction time for automobile
Distance (m)；S2The distance (m) crossed within the brake coordination time for automobile；S3For automobile crossed within the continuous braking time away from
From (m)；V1For moment travel speed (m/s) before automobile brake；V2Coordinate the moment travel speed of time end for automobile brake
(m/s)；t1For time of driver's reaction (s)；t2For the brake coordination time (s)；K is attachment coefficient correction value；It is vertical for automobile
Sliding attachment coefficient；For acceleration of gravity (m/s2).
When blocking the way road brakeless trace or discontinuous trace, for single vehicle accident (folk prescription car accident type), two wheels
Vehicle and motor-vehicle accident (cart and automobile collision accident type), pedestrian and motor-vehicle accident (Vehicle-pedestrian impact accident class
Type), two vehicles, which knock into the back, waits Crash characteristics, using distance between contact point and vehicle final position, can investigate analysis driver not
With Vehicle Speed upper limit value under the reaction time, it is known that in the case where the speed limit of section, output obtains " exceeding the speed limit ", " not exceeding the speed limit " two
A qualitative conclusions；In the case where known vehicle travel speed, it can analyze and judge time of driver's reaction to " making contact can be with
Avoid ", the influence of " making contact can not to avoid " two qualitative conclusions；It, can be in the case where known time of driver's reaction
Analyze and determine Vehicle Speed to the shadow of " making contact can to avoid ", " making contact can not to avoid " two qualitative conclusions
It rings.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first~seven ranging tool is tape measure, tape measure, Sopwith staff, Laser Measuring
Distance meter, total station and computer software or handheld terminal software based on Measurement Algorithm.It is preferred to select based on Measurement Algorithm
Calculation machine software or handheld terminal software, measurement are stablized, and can avoid artificial deviation, while can substitute the first, second angle measurement work
Tool carries out angle measurement, can also be by data auto-associating to corresponding computation model.
It is given below using car and car head-on crash accident as vehicle speed analyzing specific embodiment：
Photo judges the accident pattern of accident vehicle generation for car and car head-on crash accident；
S2 demarcates car and driver and passenger that accident occurs, car and its sedan-chair passengers inside the car in measurement accident
Weight, wherein collision vehicle and occupant total weight be 1.5t, by the total weight of collision vehicle and occupant be 1.8t,
Using aerial photograph and the computer software measurement based on Measurement Algorithm obtain collision vehicle and by collision vehicle collision after sliding away from
From respectively 3.0m and 5.0m, and calculate the amount of plastic deformation 30.0cm of vehicle；
S3 (shows that travel is mixed in the accident aerial photograph according to the situation of travel in accident aerial photograph
Solidifying soil surface, the road surface are to wear biggish dry pavement), select car and car head-on crash speed point in computer software
Model is analysed, corresponding parameter selection prompt list is shown at sliding attachment coefficient position, list is prompted according to parameter selection：It is assumed that
Speed before collision is 60Km/h, it is determined that the sliding attachment coefficient range of vehicle is 0.5~0.65；The sliding of customized vehicle
Attachment coefficient is 0.60.
S4, the attachment coefficient correction value for adjusting vehicle is 1.0；
S5, auto-associating is selected and is adjusted by S3, S4 to analysis model input terminal in S2 for sliding distance, deflection
After parameter, the speed when incident of accident vehicle is calculated and be shown in computer software automatically：
v1=55.46Km/h, v2=7.71Km/h.
It is given below using car and pedestrian impact accident as genetic analysis specific embodiment：
S1 opens accident aerial photograph in processing software, judges the thing that accident vehicle occurs according to accident aerial photograph
Therefore type is car and pedestrian impact accident；
S2 demarcates the pedestrian that accident occurs, and specifying pedestrian's gender is male, and pedestrian's height is in measurement accident
1.70m obtains making contact point using aerial photograph and the computer software measurement based on Measurement Algorithm and finally stops to vehicle
The linear distance of position is 17.00m；
S3 (shows that travel is mixed in the accident aerial photograph according to the situation of travel in accident aerial photograph
Solidifying soil surface, the road surface are to wear biggish dry pavement), select car and pedestrian impact genetic analysis mould in computer software
Type prompts list in dressing human body parameter selection corresponding with display at ground friction coefficient positions, prompts to arrange according to parameter selection
Table determines that coefficient of friction is 1.1.Corresponding parameter selection prompt list is shown at sliding attachment coefficient position, according to parameter selection
Prompt list determines that the sliding attachment coefficient of vehicle is 0.60.
S4, selection or typing time of driver's reaction 0.8s, speed limit 40km/h, whether vehicle when examining or check incident under this condition
Hypervelocity, whether vehicle people collision can be to avoid；
S5, in S2, auto-associating to analysis model inputs the linear distance of making contact point to the final stop place of vehicle
End, after S3, S4 selection and adjusting parameter, computer software is calculated and be shown that " travel speed 37km/h, does not reach automatically
Speed limit ", that is, vehicle does not exceed the speed limit under conditions of considering time of driver's reaction 0.8s.
S6, being cast range estimation to obtain Vehicle Speed by pedestrian is 34km/h, its typing analysis model is defeated
Enter end, after S3, S4 selection and adjusting parameter, computer software is calculated and be shown that " braking distance 15.14m, is less than automatically
Linear distance of the making contact point to the final stop place of vehicle ", i.e., vehicle people touches under conditions of time of driver's reaction 0.8s
Hitting can be to avoid, therefore there are improper for driver's disposition.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that：Not
A variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments in the case where being detached from the principle of the present invention and objective, this
The range of invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of accident vehicle travel speed and accident origin cause of formation aided analysis method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1 opens pending data in processing software, judges the accident pattern that accident vehicle occurs according to pending data；
S2, to the vehicle of accident occurs, driver and passenger, pedestrian demarcate, the relevant parameter in measurement accident；
S3 determines vehicle and/or the corresponding sliding attachment coefficient of pedestrian or rubs according to the situation of travel in pending data
Wipe coefficient or coefficient of rolling resistance；
S4 adjusts the attachment system of vehicle according to sliding attachment coefficient, coefficient of friction and the coefficient of rolling resistance determined in step S3
Number correction value size；
S5, speed when calculating the incident of accident vehicle, or implement genetic analysis.
2. accident vehicle travel speed according to claim 1 and accident origin cause of formation aided analysis method, which is characterized in that
In step S2, if accident occurs is garage collision accident, the calculation method of relevant parameter includes the following steps：
S2-1, collision vehicle is weighed using the first weighing device and by the weight of collision vehicle respectively, and collision vehicle and by collision vehicle
The weight of interior all personnel；Collision vehicle and by the actual weight of collision vehicle be equal to collision vehicle and the weight that is weighed by collision vehicle with
The sum of the weight of all personnel in corresponding vehicle；If uncertain occupant's weight, to collide vehicle and by the fully loaded of collision vehicle
Weight is as collision vehicle and by the actual weight of collision vehicle；
S2-2 measures collision vehicle using the first ranging tool and by the skidding distance after the collision of collision vehicle respectively；
S2-3 calculates the plasticity of vehicle if accident pattern is that car and car head-on crash or car and car rear-end collide
Deflection；If accident pattern is automobile and automobile right-angle side collision, using first angle measuring tool measurement collision vehicle and
By the sliding deviation angle of collision vehicle.
3. accident vehicle travel speed according to claim 1 and accident origin cause of formation aided analysis method, which is characterized in that
In step S2, if accident occurs is cart and automobile collision accident, the calculation method of relevant parameter includes the following steps：
S3-1 is weighed in the weight and cart and Automobile of cart and automobile respectively using the second weighing device and is owned
The weight of personnel；The actual weight of automobile is equal to the sum of the weight of all personnel in the weight that automobile weighs and automobile；If not really
Determine the weight of personnel in automobile, then using the all-up weight of automobile as the actual weight of automobile；
S3-2, the skidding distance after measuring automobile and cart collision respectively using the second ranging tool；
S3-3 if accident pattern is motorcycle collision automobile side and car crass rear side changes to motion state, or is automobile
With the front side side collision of two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center, then measured using second angle measuring tool by the cunning of collision vehicle
Move the deviation angle；If accident pattern is automobile and two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center side collision, measured using second angle
The angle that tool measurement two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle, cyclist are spilled over.
4. accident vehicle travel speed according to claim 3 and accident origin cause of formation aided analysis method, which is characterized in that
In step S2, if accident occurs is Vehicle-pedestrian impact accident, the calculation method of relevant parameter includes the following steps：
S4-1 is high using the height half of pedestrian as pedestrian's mass center when collision using the height of third ranging tool measurement pedestrian
Degree；
S4-2 utilizes the linear distance of the 4th ranging tool measurement making contact point to the final stop place of mass center of human body.
5. accident vehicle travel speed according to claim 1 and accident origin cause of formation aided analysis method, which is characterized in that
In step S2, if accident occurs be automobile level road break away and/or turn on one's side to accident relevant for critical speed,
The calculation method of relevant parameter includes the following steps：
S5-1 is high using the mid-height of automobile as automobile mass center when rollover using the height of the 5th ranging tool measurement automobile
Degree；
S5-2 utilizes wheelspan of the 6th ranging tool measurement running car when turning on one's side on road surface；
S5-3 utilizes arc trace radius on the 7th ranging tool survey calculation road surface.
6. accident vehicle travel speed according to claim 1 and accident origin cause of formation aided analysis method, which is characterized in that
In step S5-3, the calculation method of arc trace radius is on road surface：Two o'clock is first found on arc trace, and measures the two o'clock
Between straight length be C, then found a bit on arc trace, which measures the point to two o'clock
Distance between being in line is L, i.e. arc trace radius
7. accident vehicle travel speed according to claim 1 and accident origin cause of formation aided analysis method, which is characterized in that
In step S1, the accident pattern for judging that accident vehicle occurs includes garage collision accident type, cart and car crass thing
Therefore one of type, Vehicle-pedestrian impact accident pattern, folk prescription car accident type or any combination；
The garage collision accident type include car and car head-on crash accident, car and car rear-end collision accident,
One of automobile and automobile right-angle side collision accident or any combination；
The cart and automobile collision accident type include lateral movement shape after motorcycle collision automobile side and car crass
State changes accident, motorcycle collision car side and wheelbase and reduces accident, automobile and two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center side
Front side side impact events, automobile and the two-wheeled motorcycle of collision accident, automobile and two-wheeled motorcycle or bicycle mass center or from
One of front side side impact events of driving mass center or any combination；
The Vehicle-pedestrian impact accident pattern includes being spilled over accident after Vehicle-pedestrian impact and pedestrian impact；
The folk prescription car accident type includes automobile in level road sideslip and/or thing related to corresponding critical speed of turning on one's side
Therefore pendant vehicle and the first pick-up point of automobile are bottom of slope accident outside road, car hits fixture accident, automobile overturning aftercarriage is slided on road surface
One of rolling or jump accident or any combination after behaviour event, car hit barrier.
8. accident vehicle travel speed according to claim 1 and accident origin cause of formation aided analysis method, which is characterized in that institute
Stating pending data includes scene of the accident survey data or/and accident Aerial Images or/and accident situ map or/and the scene of the accident
Photo or/and the case data of accident party or eye witness description measure or assert and computer software or hand
It holds end software and extracts the critical data for needing to be calculated and analyzed based on the mode of algorithm measurement.
9. accident vehicle travel speed according to claim 1 and accident origin cause of formation aided analysis method, which is characterized in that the
One~seven ranging tool be tape measure, tape measure, Sopwith staff, laser range finder, total station and computer software based on Measurement Algorithm or
One of handheld terminal software or any combination.
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