CN108828666A - A kind of restoration methods of neighborhood of normal fault stratum buried history - Google Patents
A kind of restoration methods of neighborhood of normal fault stratum buried history Download PDFInfo
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/306—Analysis for determining physical properties of the subsurface, e.g. impedance, porosity or attenuation profiles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/62—Physical property of subsurface
- G01V2210/624—Reservoir parameters
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of restoration methods of neighborhood of normal fault stratum buried history, step is：S1, well-shake, which combine, carries out regional stratum division；S2, it chooses the virtual well location in target area and calculates virtual well location denudation；S3, computed tomography activity rate；S4, restore buried history.The present invention is combined using well-shake and carries out regional stratum division, tomography chooses virtual well location without area near target well location, and " trend analysis method " is utilized to calculate Eroded Thickness, then according to two disk formation thickness feature calculation fault activity velocity of tomography upthrow and downthrow block, faulting period is specified；Comprehensive strata denudation data, lithology data, Geothermal data and geochemical analysis data restore research area's buried history.The present invention can accurately restore the buried history and thermal evolution history on stratum near fracture belt, to lay the foundation for reservoir evolution and the research of High-quality Reservoir diagenesis；And then determine High-quality Reservoir distribution, the drilling efficiency during exploration and development is improved, outlay of production is saved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil and gas exploration technical fields, are related to stratum burial history reconstruction technology, specifically, being related to
A kind of restoration methods of neighborhood of normal fault stratum buried history.
Background technique
Process study can provide important branch for the exploration of oil-gas reservoir with " at the basin-at hydrocarbon-at storage-at hiding " of oil-gas bearing basin
Support, however the hydrocarbon of the evolution in either basin, hydrocarbon source rock develops, the diagenesis evolution of reservoir or Hydrocarbon accumulation process, all with
Stratum buries that evolutionary process is closely bound up, and burying pressure adjoint in evolutionary process, temperature and fluid properties variation will lead to storage
The one column variation such as layer property, maturity of organic matter and Gas Accumulation.Therefore, the recovery of oil-gas bearing area buried history is Petroleum System
The important ring to develop in studying.
In research before, has a large amount of scholars and carried out research about burial history reconstruction, and establish a series of
The method of burial history reconstruction.But existing method lacks both for the burial history reconstruction in non-passing fault area to passing fault area
The research of domain burial history reconstruction.Due to the complexity of passing fault area evolutionary process, the recovery of buried history is mainly faced with two
Difficult point：
(1) lack research for how the lacuna near fracture belt distributes in buried history.When in neighborhood of normal fault
When carrying out drilling well, the phenomenon that often will appear lacuna (such as Fig. 1).Assuming that a set of complete stratum without deformation from top to bottom according to
Secondary is A, B, C, D, E, Basement (well 2), but works as mature fault, near fracture belt when drilling well (well 1), drilling strata then according to
Secondary is A, B, E, Basement, intercalary delection stratum C and D.However this lacuna is not that sedimentary break phase stratum is shelled
Erosion is formed, but stratum caused by the rapid activity of tomography misplaces.Therefore, the configuration relation on this stratum in buried history how body
Existing, how faulting, which influences its process of burying, needs to be further clarified.
(2) more difficulty is determined also in the accurate of this complex geologic body interrupting layer activity time.Previous buried history is ground
In studying carefully, only focus on the time that regional structures are lifted and stratum is degraded more, and in the burial history reconstruction in passing fault area, also
It should further consider the activity time of tomography.And faulting is often that an activity rate is unstable, mistake of continuous action
Journey, therefore how to determine the activity time of tomography and its recovery of buried history is also extremely weighed in the movable amplitude of different time
It wants.
Therefore, it needs the activity time of clear tomography and its buries the influence of evolution to stratum, it is a kind of accurate extensive to establish
The multiple fracture belt method that nearby evolutionary process is buried on stratum, this has important reason to the exploration and development of oil-gas reservoir near fracture belt
By and practical significance
Summary of the invention
The present invention is difficult to accurately restore the above problems such as passing fault region buried history process for of the existing technology, mentions
For a kind of accurate restoration methods restored neighborhood of normal fault stratum and bury the neighborhood of normal fault stratum buried history of evolutionary process.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of restoration methods of neighborhood of normal fault stratum buried history, tools
Body step is：
S1, well-shake, which combine, carries out regional stratum division；
(1) individual well Research on partition area stratum；
(2) well-shake combines, and carries out regional stratum tracking；
S2, it chooses the virtual well location in target area and calculates virtual well location denudation；
(1) the virtual well location in target area is chosen；
The target well location for restoring buried history is clearly required, is respectively arranged in the upthrow of approaching target well location and downthrow block side
1 mouthful of virtual well location；
(2) virtual log denudation is calculated；
Each layer position residual formation thickness at virtual well location is determined, according to the Fine structural interpretation achievement and regional stratum of seismic profile
Research achievement determines plane of unconformity and is degraded the residual top interface on stratum, is turned using trend analysis method with timely deep relationship
Denudation at virtual well location is sought in change；
S3, computed tomography activity rate；
The contact relation for determining each period stratum and tomography, the distribution of strata according to tomography upthrow, two disk of downthrow block are special
Sign and each period formation thickness difference computed tomography activity rate, fault activity velocity is expressed as rising in the period in certain period
Disk deposition or denuded area layer thickness HhWith downthrow block deposition or denuded area layer thickness HfDifference and sedimentation time t ratio,
I.e.：Vf=(Hh-Hf)/t；
S4, restore buried history；
(1) parameter is arranged；
According to the log data being collected into, the correspondence depth and lithology percentage of each layer position are specified；It is shelled on clearly each stratum
On the basis of erosion amount, by investigating former achievements, when specifying the corresponding sedimentation time in each stratum before faulting and degrading
Between, the time distribution of lacuna caused by clear tomography on the basis of faulting time study；The clearly ancient ground in research area
Warm gradient and reflectance of vitrinite Ro；Above-mentioned formation lithology data, Geothermal data, layer position data are soft according to Bas i nmod
Part reference format arranges；
(2) input data is to Bas i nmod software, the buried history restored by the output of Bas i nmod software；
The formation lithology data put in order, Geothermal data, layer position data are inputted into Bas i nmod software, earth's surface temperature is set
Degree, ground temperature interval, scale of depth and the picture size to be exported, the figure of output are the buried history restored.
Preferably, in step S1, individual well Research on partition area stratum the specific steps are：Former achievements are summarized, it is clear
Study area stratum developmental state；The characteristic feature on each epoch stratum summarized according to forefathers, the outcrop on each epoch stratum divide
The layer thickness division of analysis and mature exploration area as a result, the lithologic character of clearly each layer position, type of sedimentary facies, sedimentary features and
The reference lamina four typical distinguishing marks that region can compare；By core observation, well logging analysis and electrofacies analysis, individual well is carried out
STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION.
Preferably, in step S1, well-shake is combined, carry out regional stratum tracking the specific steps are：Region mark clear first
The Seismic reflection character of quasi- layer, it is soft using geoframe then based on three dimensional seismic data and well logging sonic differential time data
Synthet i cs module in part, settling time-depth relationship mark seismic horizon using the individual well layer position divided
It is fixed, the tracking of cross-hole region stratum is finally carried out, stratum Distribution Characteristics, formation contact and distribution of faults are specified.
Preferably, in step S3, formation thickness when computed tomography activity ratio is original stratigraphic thickness, that is, before degrading
Formation thickness the stratum should be restored in the denudation in corresponding period, then again will when stratum is obviously degraded
Upthrow and downthrow block contemporaneity formation thickness compare；If a certain period does not deposit, but strata denudation occurs,
Then compared with its denudation.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention is accurately to restore neighborhood of normal fault stratum buried history as target, the regional stratum individual well combined with well-shake
Based on division, stratum Distribution Characteristics, distribution of faults and formation contact are specified；On this basis, near target well location
Tomography chooses virtual well location without area, and " trend analysis method " is utilized to calculate Eroded Thickness, comprehensive former achievements
Determine the strata denudation time, then according to two disk formation thickness feature calculation fault activity velocity of tomography upthrow and downthrow block,
Specify faulting period；Comprehensive strata denudation data, lithology data, Geothermal data and geochemical analysis data, application
Basinmod software rejuvenation studies area's buried history.The present invention can accurately restore the buried history and thermal evolution on stratum near fracture belt
History, to lay the foundation for reservoir evolution and the research of High-quality Reservoir diagenesis；And then determine High-quality Reservoir distribution, improve exploration and development
Drilling efficiency in the process saves the outlay of production during exploration and development.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that existing neighborhood of normal fault carries out normal fault lacuna schematic diagram when drilling well；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the restoration methods of neighborhood of normal fault of embodiment of the present invention stratum buried history；
Fig. 3 is oil field region of embodiment of the present invention stratigraphic columns；
Fig. 4 is research of embodiment of the present invention area individual well STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION figure；
Fig. 5 is regional stratum of embodiment of the present invention Seismic reflection character figure；
Fig. 6 is Paleozoic group of the embodiment of the present invention-Mesozoic Strata Seismic reflection character figure；
Fig. 7 is well of the embodiment of the present invention-shake binder course position calibration maps；
Fig. 8 is that the embodiment of the present invention crosses Qg1 well STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION figure；
Fig. 9 is that the embodiment of the present invention crosses K1 well STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION figure；
Figure 10 is that schematic diagram is arranged in the virtual well location of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 is trend analysis method of embodiment of the present invention schematic diagram；
Figure 12 a is that the embodiment of the present invention crosses the original earthquake drawing in side sectional elevation of W1 well；
Figure 12 b is W1 of embodiment of the present invention well erosion restoration drawing in side sectional elevation；
Figure 13 is fault activity velocity of embodiment of the present invention distribution histogram；
Figure 14 is that Strat of embodiment of the present invention i graphy data input schematic diagram
Figure 15 is that L of embodiment of the present invention i th l ogy M i xes data input schematic diagram；
Figure 16 is that Geotherma of embodiment of the present invention l Grad i ent data input schematic diagram；
Figure 17 is K1 of embodiment of the present invention well the buried history；
Figure 18 is fault block of embodiment of the present invention type oil-gas reservoir well site deployment schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In the following, the present invention is specifically described by illustrative embodiment.It should be appreciated, however, that not into one
In the case where step narration, element, structure and features in an embodiment can also be advantageously incorporated into other embodiments
In.
Referring to fig. 2, present invention discloses a kind of restoration methods of neighborhood of normal fault stratum buried history, the specific steps are that：
S1, well-shake, which combine, carries out regional stratum division；
(1) individual well Research on partition area stratum；The specific steps are that：
Former achievements are summarized, clearly research area stratum developmental state；According to the allusion quotation on each epoch stratum that forefathers summarize
Type feature, each epoch stratum outcrop analysis and mature exploration area layer thickness division as a result, clearly each layer position lithology
The reference lamina four typical distinguishing marks that feature, type of sedimentary facies, sedimentary features and region can compare；It is seen by rock core
It examines, well logging is analyzed and electrofacies analysis, progress individual well STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION.
(2) well-shake combines, and carries out regional stratum tracking；The specific steps are that：
The Seismic reflection character of regional standard layer clear first, then with three dimensional seismic data and well logging sonic differential time data
Based on, using the Synthet ics module in geoframe software, settling time-depth relationship utilizes the individual well divided
Layer position seismic horizon is demarcated, finally carry out well between domain stratum track, specify stratum Distribution Characteristics, formation contact and
Distribution of faults.
S2, it chooses the virtual well location in target area and calculates virtual well location denudation；
(1) the virtual well location in target area is chosen；The specific steps are that：
The target well location for restoring buried history is clearly required, is respectively arranged in the upthrow of approaching target well location and downthrow block side
1 mouthful of virtual well location.
(2) virtual log denudation is calculated；The specific steps are that：
Each layer position residual formation thickness at virtual well location is determined, according to the Fine structural interpretation achievement and regional stratum of seismic profile
Research achievement determines plane of unconformity and is degraded the residual top interface on stratum, is turned using trend analysis method with timely deep relationship
Denudation at virtual well location is sought in change；The Restzustand of target well location is represented with residual thickness, and target well location is represented with denudation
Degrade state in stratum.
S3, computed tomography activity rate；The specific steps are that：
The contact relation for determining each period stratum and tomography, the distribution of strata according to tomography upthrow, two disk of downthrow block are special
Sign and each period formation thickness difference computed tomography activity rate, fault activity velocity is expressed as rising in the period in certain period
Disk deposition or denuded area layer thickness HhWith downthrow block deposition or denuded area layer thickness HfDifference and sedimentation time t ratio,
I.e.：Vf=(Hh-Hf)/t。
S4, restore buried history；
(1) parameter is arranged；The specific steps are that：
According to the log data being collected into, the correspondence depth and lithology percentage of each layer position are specified；Exist on clearly each stratum
On the basis of denudation, by investigating former achievements, specifies the corresponding sedimentation time in each stratum before faulting and degrade
Time, the time distribution of lacuna caused by clear tomography on the basis of faulting time study；Clearly research area is ancient
Geothermal gradient and reflectance of vitrinite Ro；By above-mentioned formation lithology data, Geothermal data, layer position data according to Bas i nmod
Software standard form collator.
(2) input data is to Bas i nmod software, the buried history restored by the output of Bas i nmod software；It is specific
Step is：
The formation lithology data put in order, Geothermal data, layer position data are inputted into Bas i nmod software, earth's surface temperature is set
Degree, ground temperature interval, scale of depth and the picture size to be exported, the figure of output are the buried history restored.
As above method preferred embodiment, in the step 2 of the above method, it is ensured that being passed through without tomography when virtual well location is arranged
It crosses, so that gained formation parameter accurately reflects the sedimentary evolution process of mature fault forefoot area.
Formation thickness as above method preferred embodiment, in the step S3 of the above method, when computed tomography activity ratio
For original stratigraphic thickness, that is, formation thickness before degrading, when stratum is obviously degraded, cope with the stratum when to corresponding
The denudation of phase is restored, and then again compares upthrow and downthrow block contemporaneity formation thickness；If a certain period
It does not deposit, but strata denudation occurs, then compared with its denudation.
The above method of the present invention can accurately restore the buried history and thermal evolution history on stratum near fracture belt, to be reservoir
Develop and the research of High-quality Reservoir diagenesis lays the foundation, and then determine High-quality Reservoir distribution, improves the drilling well during exploration and development
Efficiency saves the funds during exploration and development.
Below to this by taking the burial history reconstruction since certain the oil field underground Fault-block Buried Hills K1 Paleozoic group sedimentation as an example
Invention further illustrates.
S1, well-shake, which combine, carries out regional stratum division；
(1) individual well Research on partition area stratum；The specific steps are that：
Former achievements are summarized, the Cambrian -Ordovician system carbonic acid of Lower Paleozoic strata has successively been developed since certain oil field Paleozoic group
Rock salt presss from both sides Clastic Stratum of Country Rocks, upper palaeozoic Permian-carboniferous clast stratum, Mesozoic group Middle-Lower Triassic Clastic Stratum of Country Rocks, dwarf
Sieve-Cretaceous System clastic rock and Stratum of Volcanic Rocks, Cenozoic's Paleogene System, Neogene System and the 4th are Clastic Stratum of Country Rocks.
The sedimentary characteristics of comprehensive former achievements and mature exploration area typical case's well, referring to Fig. 3, with specifying each period
The deposition characteristics of layer.
Cambrian strata:Mansion Jun Mountain group, steamed bun group, hair village group, Xu Zhuan group, summer group, Gu Shan are successively developed from bottom to top
Group, Chang Mount group and Fengshan group.Its Zhongfu Jun Mountain group, steamed bun group are formed in megagea cratonic basin and start marine invasion period, thereafter opposite
It deposited carbonate rock and mud stone under the conditions of the semiarid climate of regression；Hair village group-summer group mainly by marine invasion stage clastic rock,
Biogenic limestone, high water level Oolitic Limestones, storm calcirudite and tidal flat carbonate rock composition；Gu Shan group-Fengshan group is marine invasion rank
Section micrite, mud shale, storm calcirudite, micrite biogenic limestone, condense layer with glauconite therebetween.
Ordovician strata：The mountain-Liang Jia group in smelting, horse family's ditch group and peak peak group are successively developed from bottom to top.The mountain-Liang Jia in smelting
Group rock type is whole based on plaster limestone, wormkalk, and horse man ditch group-peak peak group, which is in, continues Sea-level drop rank
Section, rock type multiplicity, including raw bits limestone, grainstone, micrite, calcirudite, mud stone, dolomite and cloud matter ash
Rock.
Permian-carboniferous stratum：Permian-carboniferous stratum is contacted with the Ordovician strata disconformity that underlies, from lower and
On successively develop Carboniferous System Benxi group, Taiyuan Forma-tion, Shanxi Formation of Permian, lower Shihezi Formation, rise time method, the peak Shi Qian group.This
Small stream group is mainly shale, sandstone folder marine limestone and unstable coal seam；Taiyuan Forma-tion is sea-land interbedding facies coal-bearing deposit, by ash
Color, black sandstone, shale, carbonaceous shale folder coal seam and limestone composition；The cycle that Shanxi group is made of continental sandstone, shale, coal
(multiple) compositions of layer；Lower Shihezi Formation is mainly a set of terrestrial facies ash, Huang, green variegated shale, mud stone and arenaceous shale, and bottom folder is thin
Coal seam, iron content manganese concretion；Rise time method be a set of terrestrial facies yellow sandstone, yellow green grapholith and black purple mud rock
Alternate stratification, middle folder purplish red, brownish red arenaceous shale and bury etc.；Shi Qianfeng group is then mainly the purple of a set of fluvial facies
Rock stratum, including siltstone, mud stone, a small amount of conglomerate of folder, the thick extremely net sandstone of middle particulate and graywacke.
Middle-Lower Triassic stratum：Predominantly aubergine mudstone, Sandy Silt and light gray purple, light violet magenta, gray post
Alternating layers；Natural gamma shows as high-amplitude tooth box on log, and natural potential is straight shale line, interval transit time and electricity
Resistance rate is micro- tooth box.
Middle and Lower Jurassic stratum：Top be in-thick-layer grey, sandstone and gritstone folder grey in celadon, celadon,
Aubergine mudstone and siltstone, lower part are thin layer grey, grey-green sandstone and grey mud stone, siltstone alternating layers, see coal seam；It is natural
Gamma curve show as in-the micro- toothization of high-amplitude is bell, box-shaped, interval transit time and resistivity are that micro- tooth infundibulate-box-shaped-refers to
Shape.
Malm stratum：Brownish red aubergine packsand is pressed from both sides for brownish red mud stone, siltstone, during some areas bottom is seen
Basic volcanic rocks, natural gamma are high-amplitude tooth box, and natural potential is the straight shale line of micro- toothization, and resistivity is by a narrow margin
Micro- tooth-tooth box, interval transit time are high-amplitude tooth funnel box-shaped, and bottom volcanic rock is high-amplitude infundibulate.
Cretaceous strata：Area's Cretaceous System major developmental Lower Cretaceous Series are studied, upper and lower two parts, lower part major developmental are divided into
Grey, brownish red, aubergine, celadon andesite, basalt, tufa stone, tuffaceous sandstone folder dead color or brownish red mud stone, office
Grey, celadon mud stone under portion's development volcanic rock；Volcanic rock spontaneous potential anomaly amplitude is higher on log, is micro- tooth
Change box, resistivity and interval transit time are middle and high width tooth box.Top major developmental aubergine mudstone, siltstone, part
Area development grey, celadon mud stone, siltstone, white, grey-green sandstone, gritstone and calcareous sandstone, on log oneself
Right gamma be by a narrow margin micro- toothization it is bell-box-shaped, natural potential is the straight shale line of micro- tooth, and resistivity is that micro- toothization is straight by a narrow margin
Curve, interval transit time are tooth infundibulate-box-shaped-finger-type.
Paleogene System stratum：Paleogene System stratigraphic unconformity can be divided into hole shop group, sand on Cretaceous strata from bottom to top
River street group and Dongying Formation.Hole shop group is mainly a set of river-liminetic facies deposition, is with purplish red, brownish red and ash, cinerous mud stone
It is main, burning into sand rock, glutenite, and accompany mud stone containing gypsum, oil shale, limestone and basalt；SHAHEJIE FORMATION based on grey mud stone,
Secondary is siltstone, packsand, oil shale, carbonate rock, is important oil-containing, rock salt stratum.It can be divided into four sections from bottom to top,
Four sections using dice and gypseous grey mud stone as main folder siltstone, glutenite；Three sections are a set of grey mud stone burning into sand rock,
Oil-containing；Two sections are purplish red, celadon mud stone burning into sand rock, glutenite, oil-containing；One section is grey, celadon mud stone presss from both sides oil shale.East
Battalion's group with underlie SHAHEJIE FORMATION and contact or onlap is on older stratum in disconformity, lithology is purplish red, brownish red and ash,
Celadon mud stone and sandstone alternating layers, part press from both sides charcoal mudrock, oil shale and limestone, and upper section is grayish green, canescence sandstone and reddish brown
Color Sandy Silt, based on sandstone；Middle section is grey, brownish red mud stone, packsand, based on mud stone；Lower section is greyish white, grayish green
Color granule rock, packsand and mud stone, based on glutenite.
Neogene System stratum：The Guantao town Zu Heminghua group can be divided into.Guantao group is contacted with its each group that underlies in unconformity, lithology
For it is variegated (such as：Greyish white, grayish green, the dark violet colors such as red) sandstone, based on mud stone, press from both sides pebbly sandstone, conglomerate；The town Ming Hua group and shop of underliing
Tao Zucheng integration contact, based on mottled sandstone, mud stone, the two often occurs with alternating layers.
Quaternary Strata：Disconformity is overlying on the group of the town Ming Hua, is a set of brown color silty clay, and folder is various not
Equal granules layer, lower section is by bed phase and alluvial flat phase or yoke lacustrine facies；Upper section is modern ground, alluvial facies and liminetic facies heap
Product.
Based on each layer position that above-mentioned summary obtains deposition and well logging recognition mark, core observation, well logging are comprehensively utilized
Analysis and electrofacies analysis carry out individual well STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION to research area, and individual well STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION result is referring to fig. 4.That is, sharp
Individual well STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION is carried out to research area with well logging, rock core and log data.
(2) well-shake combines, and carries out regional stratum tracking；The specific steps are that：
Comprehensive former achievements summarize each period formation seismic axis of reflection with following feature referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 6：
(1) Cambrian -Ordovician system：The Seismic reflection character of Cambrian system shows as 2-3 strong axis, and the Ordovician system is with carbonate rock
Based on deposition, blank is shown as, compared with weakly continuous Seismic reflection character；
(2) Permian-carboniferous：3-4 strong amplitude, consecutive shock reflectance signature are shown as in the earthquake of coal bottom；Two is folded
System is weak Seismic reflection character, and phase is more continuous, and top seismic profile mountain shows 2 relatively continuous phases；
(3) Middle-Lower Triassic：Formalness is seat shape, and internal reflective structure lower part is parallel-sub- reflected in parallel, continuously
Property is medium-poor, in-weak amplitude, frequency is relatively stable；
(4) Middle and Lower Jurassic：Formalness is wedge shape or seat shape, and internal reflective structure lower part is parallel-sub- parallel anti-
It penetrates, continuity is medium-preferable, and top reflectance signature is unobvious, and continuity is medium-poor；
(5) the lower chalk of sieve dwarf-on：Formalness is wedge shape, is reflected in a jumble at the nearly basin-controlling fault of internal reflection, continuity
Difference, far from, in spread reflection feature, continuity is medium-poor at tomography；
(6) hole shop group：The top of hole shop group, bottom interface are two zonal unconformity, respectively with the Mesozoic group and Sha Hejie
Group contact, three sections of hole are difficult in earthquake sometimes, and aperture leakage shows as three strong reflection axis in earthquake, and bottom is with parallel
The non-feature of amplitude reflection in continuously, characterized by parallel-sub- parallel middle amplitude discontinuous reflection or mound shape are reflected, top is at middle part
In parallel-it is sub- parallel in, strong amplitude continuous reflection feature, it is obvious that the relationship of cutting is cut in one section of hole between aperture leakage；
(7) Dongying Formation：Dongying Formation bottom interface can see below super phenomenon, seismic reflection be in-weak amplitude, single-phase, in it is continuous；
Interface is pushed up relative to Guantao group bottom interface, is two strong amplitude, high continuous reflection, can continuously be tracked within the scope of the whole district；
(8) town Neogene System Guantao-Ming Hua group：Before Neogene System Guantao group deposition, Bohai gulf basin integrally shelled by grand liter
It is clear on seismic profile as it can be seen that for one group of continuous strong reflection bottom circle to form the large-scale unconformity of the whole district for erosion.
Using high accuracy surface modelling data and well logging sonic differential time data, the Synthet in geoframe software is utilized
I cs module, settling time-depth relationship, referring to Fig. 7, based on drilling data division result, the seismic reflection of typical layers position
Feature is reference, and m- depth relationship is that constraint carries out regional stratum tracking when with individual well, specifies regional stratum and fracture spread,
Referring to Fig. 8, Fig. 9.
S2, it chooses the virtual well location in target area and calculates virtual well location denudation；
(1) the virtual well location in target area is chosen；The specific steps are that：
On the basis of clear regional stratum and fracture spread, research area's Fault-block Buried Hills K1 well is chosen as target progress
Burial history reconstruction, for strata denudation situation before its clear fault activities, referring to Figure 10, choose closed on K1 well, non-passing fault
And virtual log K1' and K1 " is arranged to determine the Eroded Thickness in each period in development more complete position in stratum.
(2) virtual log denudation is calculated；The specific steps are that：
" trend analysis method " is the Fine structural interpretation achievement according to seismic profile, determines plane of unconformity and is degraded stratum
Residual top interface.Denudation is calculated using trend analysis method, referring to Figure 11, plane of unconformity underlying strata, which exists, cuts top phenomenon, benefit
The trend that top interface is remained with underlying strata is extended at top interface by this trend, as shown in phantom in FIG., to just restore ground
Layer degraded before looks, and then denudation Δ h=h-h ' is calculated.Such as：W1 is crossed referring to research area shown in Figure 12 a-12b
Well seismic cross-section, the stratum T it can be seen from Figure 12 a1+2、J1+2、J3+K1Stratum, which exists, significantly cuts top phenomenon, by it by ground
Layer tendency extension, so that it may obtain each layer position and correspond to denudation Δ h1、Δh2、Δh3, referring to Figure 12 b.
∈-O, C-P, T at virtual log can be read with trend analysis1+2、J1+2、J3+K1Degrade top, bottom surface and residual
The time-domain numerical value for staying top, bottom surface, m- depth relationship obtains each floor position denudation and residual thickness when according to research area, virtually
Well K1' the calculation of the eroded amount result is referring to table 1, and virtual log K1 " the calculation of the eroded amount result is referring to table 2.
Table 1
Table 2
S3, computed tomography activity rate；The specific steps are that：
On the basis of regional stratum is well defined stratum and tomography distribution, disk and lower wall each period in target fault are read
Formation thickness variation, forefathers studies have shown that research area before T3 based on regional lifting-sedimentation, tomography agensis, therefore only
The stratum deposited after T3 need to be compared, the corresponding sedimentation that finally forefathers is combined to study and be degraded the time
Computed tomography activity rate, fault activity velocity calculating parameter is referring to table 3, and fault activity velocity distribution histogram is referring to Figure 13.
Table 3
S4, restore buried history；
(1) parameter is arranged；The specific steps are that：
Firstly, the depth and lithology percentage of each layer position of K1 well are specified, referring to table 4 according to the log data being collected into；
Table 4
| Sandsto ne | Siltsto ne | Shal e | Limesto ne | Dolomit e | Evapori te | Keroge n | Igneou s | Total | |||
| Sandsto ne | Yellow | Sandsto ne | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
| Siltsto ne | Green | Siltsto ne | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
| Shale | Green | Shale | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
| Limesto ne | Blue | Limesto ne | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
| Dolomit e | Blue | Dolomit e | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
| Evapori te | Magent a | Evapori te | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
| Coal | Black | Coal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
| Igneous | Red | Igneous | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |
| Q+N | 28.55 | 0 | 62.8 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8.6 | 100 | ||
| Ed | 2.41 | 0 | 88.9 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8.62 | 100 | ||
| Es | 8.33 | 0 | 91.6 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | ||
| K1+J3 | 52.3 | 0 | 47.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | ||
| J1+J2 | 38.3 | 10.82 | 50.8 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | ||
| T1+T2 | 1.85 | 56.88 | 41.2 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | ||
| C+P | 27.92 | 2.42 | 60.4 1 | 9.25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | ||
| ∈-O | 0 | 0 | 13.0 7 | 72.86 | 14.07 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
Secondly, according to clearly each layer position of finding sedimentation time and degrade the time, according to individual-layer data and denudation
Restore data, specifies the deposition thickness and erosion sediment thickness in each period.It should be noted here that two o'clock：(1) breakthrough stratum is living in tomography
Situation before dynamic, is replaced with the average value of two mouthfuls of virtual logs；(2) if there are multilayer positions to degrade in contemporaneity, according to not
The denudation of same layer position carries out time distribution in proportion.On the other hand according to aforementioned obtained fault activity velocity, tomography is specified
Each layer position deletion condition caused by activity and missing thickness, referring to table 5, for the formation variation of faulting phase, practically
During matter, stratigraphical break and upper formation deposition be simultaneous, but in view of can not simultaneously simulated formation deposit and missing
Process, so the breakthrough and deposition process in a certain period are assigned as two parts and embody, the time, two processes were divided equally；
Table 5
| begining age | well top | present thick | missing thick | litholoy | |||
| Q+N | F | 20 | 0 | 1618 | Q+N | ||
| N | E | 24.6 | -78 | J1+J2 | Breakthrough | ||
| Ed | F | 32.8 | 1618 | 145 | Ed | ||
| Es | F | 35 | 1763 | 42 | Es | ||
| E5 | E | 41 | -402 | J1+J2 | Breakthrough | ||
| E4 | E | 42 | -77.5 | C+P | Breakthrough | ||
| E3 | E | 44 | -23 | J1+J2 | It degrades | ||
| E2 | E | 60 | -364 | K1-J3 | It degrades | ||
| E1 | E | 65 | -42 | C+P | Breakthrough | ||
| K2 | E | 96 | -290 | K1-J3 | It degrades | ||
| (K1+J3)1 | E | 124.2 | -38.5 | C+P | Breakthrough | ||
| (K1+J3)3 | D | 161.2 | 654 | K1-J3 | |||
| J1+J2 | E | 183 | -132 | C+P | Breakthrough | ||
| (J1+J2)1 | D | 205 | 523 | J1+J2 | |||
| (T2+T3)2 | E | 210 | -337.5 | C+P | It degrades | ||
| (T2+T3)1 | E | 227 | -1300 | T1+T2 | It degrades | ||
| T1+T2 | D | 250 | 1300 | T1+T2 | |||
| C+P | F | 320 | 1805 | 351 | C+P | ||
| C1 | E | 354 | -68 | ∈-O | |||
| D | E | 410 | -112 | ∈-O | |||
| S | E | 438 | -56 | ∈-O | |||
| O3 | E | 464 | -54 | ∈-o | |||
| ∈-O | F | 543 | 2156 | 938 | ∈-O |
Finally, according to the geothermal gradient data in the earth history period of the clear K1 well of the data being collected into, referring to table 6.If
It has ready conditions it should also be expressly that reflectance of vitrinite data Ro.
Table 6
| Time/Ma | Depth/m | Geothermal gradient/(DEG C/100m) |
| 0 | 0 | 3.1 |
| 24.6 | 0 | 3.85 |
| 32.8 | 0 | 3.9 |
| 38 | 0 | 4.5 |
| 65 | 0 | 5.25 |
| 205 | 0 | 4.2 |
| 250 | 0 | 3.3 |
| 320 | 0 | 3.1 |
| 354 | 0 | 3 |
| 543 | 0 | 2.5 |
(2) input data is to Basinmod software, the buried history restored by the output of Basinmod software；Its specific steps
For：
Referring to Figure 14, the formation data in table 5 is input to " Stratigraphy " module of Basinmod software), ginseng
See Figure 15, the lithology data in table 4 is input to " Lithlogy Mixes " module, referring to Figure 16, by the geothermal gradient in table 6
Data are input to " Geothermal Gradient " module.Then the depth bounds to be exported are set, surface temperature, to export
Ground temperature interval and picture size, the buried history is obtained, referring to Figure 17.
Effect in order to further illustrate the present invention finds the oil-gas reservoir of fault block type (referring to Figure 18) in certain area's near Faults,
It is explored it should be understood that its reservoir distribution.In the case where unknown reservoir evolution and reservoir distribution, it can only be broken
Band is disposed about a series of prospect pits (well 1, well 2, well 3), it can be seen that these prospect pits all only bore respectively and met the one of effective oil reservoir
Part, well 1 be even more bore meet its last one lower oil reservoir after carried out invalid deep drilling, which greatly increases the exploration in work area at
This.But burial history reconstruction is carried out to it using above method of the present invention, to specify that studies area buries evolutionary process, in turn
Reservoir evolution process and the High-quality Reservoir regularity of distribution has been determined, so that it may the inclined shaft (well 4) that is distributed along tomography of arrangement, and it is clear its
Maximum drilling depth, has thus greatly saved exploration cost, improves exploration efficiency.
Embodiment provided above only with illustrating the present invention for convenience, and it is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention,
Technical solution scope of the present invention, person of ordinary skill in the field make various simple deformations and modification, should all include
In the above claim.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of restoration methods of neighborhood of normal fault stratum buried history, which is characterized in that the specific steps are that：
S1, well-shake, which combine, carries out regional stratum division；
(1) individual well Research on partition area stratum；
(2) well-shake combines, and carries out regional stratum tracking；
S2, it chooses the virtual well location in target area and calculates virtual well location denudation；
(1) the virtual well location in target area is chosen；
The target well location for restoring buried history is clearly required, is respectively arranged 1 mouthful in the upthrow of approaching target well location and downthrow block side
Virtual well location；
(2) virtual log denudation is calculated；
It determines each layer position residual formation thickness at virtual well location, is studied according to the Fine structural interpretation achievement and regional stratum of seismic profile
Achievement determines plane of unconformity and is degraded the residual top interface on stratum, is asked using trend analysis method with timely deep transformation
Take denudation at virtual well location；
S3, computed tomography activity rate；
The contact relation for determining each period stratum and tomography, according to tomography upthrow, two disk of downthrow block distribution of strata feature and
Each period formation thickness difference computed tomography activity rate, it is heavy to be expressed as upthrow in the period for fault activity velocity in certain period
Long-pending or denuded area layer thickness HhWith downthrow block deposition or denuded area layer thickness HfDifference and sedimentation time t ratio, i.e.,：Vf
=(Hh-Hf)/t；
S4, restore buried history；
(1) parameter is arranged；
According to the log data being collected into, the correspondence depth and lithology percentage of each layer position are specified；In clearly each Eroded Thickness
On the basis of, by investigating former achievements, specifies the corresponding sedimentation time in each stratum before faulting and degrade the time,
The time distribution of lacuna caused by clear tomography on the basis of faulting time study；Clearly study area's paleogeothermal gradient
And reflectance of vitrinite Ro；By above-mentioned formation lithology data, Geothermal data, layer position data according to Basinmod software standard lattice
Formula arranges；
(2) input data is to Basinmod software, the buried history restored by the output of Basinmod software；The stratum that will be put in order
Lithology data, Geothermal data, layer position data input Basinmod software, and surface temperature, the ground temperature interval to be exported, depth is arranged
Scale and picture size, the figure of output are the buried history restored.
2. the restoration methods of neighborhood of normal fault stratum as described in claim 1 buried history, which is characterized in that single in step S1
Well Research on partition area stratum the specific steps are：Former achievements are summarized, clearly research area stratum developmental state；According to forefathers
Characteristic feature, the outcrop analysis on each epoch stratum and the layer thickness division knot of mature exploration area on each epoch stratum summarized
Fruit specifies four typical cases of reference lamina that lithologic character, type of sedimentary facies, sedimentary features and the region of each layer of position can compare
Distinguishing mark；By core observation, well logging analysis and electrofacies analysis, individual well STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION is carried out.
3. the restoration methods of neighborhood of normal fault stratum as claimed in claim 2 buried history, which is characterized in that in step S1, well-
Shake combine, carry out regional stratum tracking the specific steps are：The Seismic reflection character of regional standard layer clear first, then with three
Based on tieing up seismic data and well logging sonic differential time data, using the Synthetics module in geoframe software, when establishing
M- depth relationship demarcates seismic horizon using the individual well layer position divided, finally carries out the tracking of cross-hole region stratum,
Specify stratum Distribution Characteristics, formation contact and distribution of faults.
4. the restoration methods of neighborhood of normal fault stratum as claimed in claim 3 buried history, which is characterized in that in step S3, meter
Formation thickness when calculating faulting rate is original stratigraphic thickness, that is, the formation thickness before degrading, when stratum obviously occurs
When degrading, which should be restored in the denudation in corresponding period, then again by upthrow and downthrow block contemporaneity
Thickness degree compares；If a certain period does not deposit, but strata denudation occurs, is then compared with its denudation.
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