CN108825238B - Method for transferring sublevel caving mining method to sublevel open stoping method through sill pillar-free sublevel caving mining method - Google Patents
Method for transferring sublevel caving mining method to sublevel open stoping method through sill pillar-free sublevel caving mining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108825238B CN108825238B CN201810547618.8A CN201810547618A CN108825238B CN 108825238 B CN108825238 B CN 108825238B CN 201810547618 A CN201810547618 A CN 201810547618A CN 108825238 B CN108825238 B CN 108825238B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for converting a sill pillar-free sublevel caving mining method into a sublevel open stope mining method, which realizes the successful conversion of ore body mining from the caving method into the sublevel open stope method, the layering height is 10-15m, a covering layer is covered on the caving method and is isolated from the lower open stope method by adopting a wave-breaking ore pillar, the thickness of the wave-shaped ore pillar is 3-5m, and the lower part of the wave-shaped ore pillar is stoped by adopting the sublevel open stope method. Stoping and dividing the chamber pillars by the lower empty-stope method, adopting sector medium-length hole blasting, and carrying scraper sectional ore removal, wherein the chamber structure parameters are matched with the structure parameters of the upper caving method, thereby realizing the successful transformation from the caving method to the empty-stope method, solving the defects of dilution and high loss rate of the caving method, wherein the dilution rate is reduced from 30 percent to 8 percent, and the loss rate is reduced from 15 percent to 12 percent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mining technique fields, are related to the mining methods in mine.
Background technique
In China, the caved stopes nineties has obtained very extensive application in mine field, and caved stopes has work
The features such as skill is simple, safety is good, high-efficient, easily forms large-scale production capacity and is widely used, especially in iron ore
Mountain.Past is also all the fashion in some metal mines, such as using relatively more in copper mine and controlling proposals.Although Caving Method with Large Space
Have many advantages, such as, but its disadvantage is also obvious there is that environmental disruption is big, depletion loss is big, Ore-mining Management is complicated.With
The gradually consumption of mineral resources, the reserves of mineral resources are fewer and fewer, and China also increases the protection of mineral resources, out
Platform is a series of about the protection of mineral resources and the policy of high winning technology, and wherein Caving Method with Large Space is since environmental disruption is big, dilution damage
It loses the disadvantages of big, use scope is very limited, and in addition to some large-scale iron ore mines are allowed other than, other mines are prohibited
It only uses, therefore, faces the transformation of mining methods before many mines using the enterprise of Caving Method with Large Space production ore.
Summary of the invention
The invention proposes a kind of methods for turning sublevel open stope method by bottom-column-free sectional caving stoping method, solve and collapse
Fall the big disadvantage of method ore loss and dillution.
The technical scheme is that a kind of method for turning sublevel open stope method by bottom-column-free sectional caving stoping method,
Steps are as follows:
1) it first according to the arrangement form of sublevel caving method without sill pillar mineral building structure, under the cover, stays and sets waveform mine
Column isolation top coating, meanwhile, it plays a supporting role to upper lower burrs country rock；
2) waveform ore pillar with a thickness of 3-5m, wherein the segment thickness below drilling drift is 5m, two sides sloping portion
With a thickness of 3m；
3) the back production structural parameters of the mineral building structural parameters Yu top sublevel caving method without sill pillar of lower segment open-stope method
Match, when each back production amplitude of top sublevel caving method without sill pillar is L, then the mineral building width of lower segment open-stope method is 3L,
Column width is 1/3L；
4) height of first sublayer in lower part of waveform ore pillar is 10m, the row spacing 0.8m of fanhole(s), bottom hole
Away from 1.5m, blasthole density is greater than the blasthole density of first following sublayer of sublayer, and explosive payload is than first in blasthole
The following sublayer hole charge of sublayer is few, to reduce the blasting vibration to waveform ore pillar, every separate explosion explosion
Tier hole, each mineral building arrange 3 drilling drifts, drilling drift from left to right successively back production, pay attention to can not back production simultaneously, most
Safety of the guarantee top waveform ore pillar of limits in first sublayer back production；
5) after the completion of the ventilation of every separate explosion, wait half an hour, then using unmanned remote controlled scraper by drilling drift into
Enter ore removal under dead zone, and so on, until first layering complete extraction terminates；
6) after first sublayer, that is, start the actual mining of next layering, the height of second sublayer
For 15m, the row spacing 1.2m of fanhole(s), bottom hole pitch 2.0m, 3 drilling drifts back production simultaneously, every 2 artillery salvo hole of separate explosion, often
After the completion of separate explosion ventilation, half an hour is waited, ore removal under dead zone is then entered by drilling drift using unmanned remote controlled scraper,
And so on, until second layering complete extraction terminates, go to next layering；
7) the back production mode of second sublayer sublayer below is identical as second sublayer.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: realizing the successful transformation from sublevel caving method without sill pillar to sublevel open stope method, solves
The big disadvantage of Caving Method with Large Space ore loss and dillution, the rate of dilution are reduced to 8% by 30%, and loss late is reduced to 12% by 15%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
A method of sublevel open stope method being turned by bottom-column-free sectional caving stoping method, steps are as follows:
1) it first according to the arrangement form of sublevel caving method without sill pillar mineral building structure, under coating 1, stays and sets waveform mine
The isolation of column 2 top coating, meanwhile, it plays a supporting role to upper lower burrs country rock；
2) waveform ore pillar 2 with a thickness of 3-5m, wherein the segment thickness below drilling drift is 5m, two sides sloping portion
With a thickness of 3m；
3) the back production structural parameters of the mineral building structural parameters Yu top sublevel caving method without sill pillar of lower segment open-stope method
Match, when each back production amplitude of top sublevel caving method without sill pillar is L, then the mineral building width of lower segment open-stope method is 3L,
Column width is 1/3L；
4) height of first sublayer 6 in lower part of waveform ore pillar 2 be 10m, the row spacing 0.8m of fanhole(s) 3,
Bottom hole pitch 1.5m, blasthole density are greater than the blasthole density of first following sublayer of sublayer, and explosive payload is than the in blasthole
The following sublayer hole charge of one sublayer is few, and to reduce the blasting vibration to waveform ore pillar, every separate explosion is only
Explosion tier hole, each mineral building arrange 3 drilling drifts 4, and the from left to right successively back production of drilling drift 4, paying attention to can not be simultaneously
Back production ensures safety of the top waveform ore pillar 2 in first sublayer back production to greatest extent；
5) after the completion of the ventilation of every separate explosion, wait half an hour, then using unmanned remote controlled scraper by drilling drift 4 into
Enter ore removal under dead zone, and so on, until first layering complete extraction terminates；
6) after first sublayer, that is, start the actual mining of next layering, the height of second sublayer 7
For 15m, the row spacing 1.2m of fanhole(s) 3, bottom hole pitch 2.0m, 3 back production simultaneously of drilling drifts 4, every 2 artillery salvo hole of separate explosion,
After the completion of every separate explosion ventilation, half an hour is waited, then enters under dead zone by drilling drift 4 using unmanned remote controlled scraper
Mine, and so on, until second layering complete extraction terminates, go to next layering；
7) the back production mode of second sublayer below of sublayer 7 is identical as second sublayer.
Application example --- by taking Baiyin Deep Copper Mine back production as an example:
It is sublevel caving method without sill pillar before silver Deep Copper Mine 2# ore body, height of lift 15m, back production amplitude is 12m,
It is segmented ore removal, ore dilution rate is up to 35%, and since the grade of ore is lower, impoverishment rate in mining causes greatly ore dressing Beneficiation Feed Grade too low
It declines to a great extent so as to cause recovery rate in ore-dressing, significant impact is caused to the production and operation in mine.By the implementation method, successfully will
Sublevel caving method without sill pillar is changed into sublevel open stope method and carries out back production, and the rate of dilution is reduced to 6% by 35%, and loss late is reduced by 20%
It is the mine business incomes for increasing by 30,000,000 yuan every year to 10% more.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method for turning sublevel open stope method by bottom-column-free sectional caving stoping method, steps are as follows:
1) it stays under coating (1) according to the arrangement form of sublevel caving method without sill pillar mineral building structure first and sets waveform ore pillar
(2) isolation top coating, meanwhile, it plays a supporting role to upper lower burrs country rock；
2) part of the thickness of waveform ore pillar (2) below drilling drift is 5m, and two sides sloping portion is 3m；
3) the back production mate of structural parameters of the mineral building structural parameters Yu top sublevel caving method without sill pillar of lower segment open-stope method, when
Each back production amplitude of top sublevel caving method without sill pillar is L, then the mineral building width of lower segment open-stope method is 3L, studding width
For 1/3L；
4) height of first sublayer (6) in the lower part of waveform ore pillar (2) is 10m, row's spacing of fanhole(s) (3)
0.8m, bottom hole pitch 1.5m, blasthole density are greater than the blasthole density of first following sublayer of sublayer, explosive payload in blasthole
Than the first following sublayer hole charge of sublayer is few, quick-fried every time to reduce the blasting vibration to waveform ore pillar
Broken explosion tier hole, each mineral building arrange 3 drilling drifts (4), and drilling drift (4) from left to right successively back production pays attention to
Can not back production simultaneously, ensure top waveform ore pillar (2) safety in first sublayer back production to greatest extent；
5) after the completion of every separate explosion ventilation, half an hour is waited, is then entered using unmanned remote controlled scraper by drilling drift (4)
Ore removal under dead zone, and so on, until first layering complete extraction terminates；
6) after first sublayer, that is, start the actual mining of next layering, the height of second sublayer (7) is
15m, the row spacing 1.2m of fanhole(s) (3), bottom hole pitch 2.0m, 3 drilling drift (4) back production simultaneously, every 2 artillery salvo of separate explosion
Hole waits half an hour after the completion of every separate explosion ventilation, is then entered using unmanned remote controlled scraper by drilling drift (4) empty
Ore removal under area, and so on, until second layering complete extraction terminates, go to next layering；
7) the back production mode of second sublayer (7) sublayer below is identical as second sublayer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810547618.8A CN108825238B (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | Method for transferring sublevel caving mining method to sublevel open stoping method through sill pillar-free sublevel caving mining method |
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| CN201810547618.8A CN108825238B (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | Method for transferring sublevel caving mining method to sublevel open stoping method through sill pillar-free sublevel caving mining method |
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| CN103089266B (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-12-10 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Drift-pillar-free sublevel barnyard caving mining method of open pit transferred underground transitional period |
| CN103114855B (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2015-02-18 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | Jamb recovery and cushion layer formation integrated technology in process of mining from outdoors into underground |
| CN103399139B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-12-02 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of open air trestle production model test method and pilot system thereof |
| CN103557029B (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-09-30 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of by sublevel caving method without sill pillar upwards to the method for horizontal cut and fill stoping transition |
| CN103790589B (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2015-04-01 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | Transition connection mining technique from outdoor mine to underground mine |
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