CN108823464A - A kind of Cu alloy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of Cu alloy material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108823464A
CN108823464A CN201810707575.5A CN201810707575A CN108823464A CN 108823464 A CN108823464 A CN 108823464A CN 201810707575 A CN201810707575 A CN 201810707575A CN 108823464 A CN108823464 A CN 108823464A
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preparation
silver
copper
temperature
ingot casting
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CN108823464B (en
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姚大伟
张远望
王树森
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Shanghai Electric Cable Research Institute
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Shanghai Electric Cable Research Institute
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon

Abstract

A kind of preparation method of Cu alloy material, includes the following steps:1)Kufil aurification:Copper is not more than 9.0 × 10 in vacuum degree‑3Heated under the conditions of Pa, until heating temperature be 800 DEG C ~ 900 DEG C when stop vacuumize, and under inert gas protection heating be heated to copper be completely melt then be added silver be mixed to form melt, be cast into ingot casting;2)Alloy solid solution processing:To ingot casting solution treatment;3)Cold deformation processing;4)Aging strengthening model.The silver content of the copper alloy prepared in the present invention is less, and the preparation process can greatly reduce the scaling loss of noble silver, reduce production cost;The Cu alloy material for cooperating heat treatment appropriate to obtain with cold machining process has the characteristics that high-strength highly-conductive, and ingredient is uniform, and performance is stablized, easy to process at various copper materials, provides guarantee for its extensive use.

Description

A kind of Cu alloy material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to copper alloy smelting processing fields, more particularly to a kind of Cu alloy material and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
For the conductive material of traditional copper, aluminium and its alloy, there are shifting passes for intensity and electric conductivity System is generally difficult to have both high conductivity and high intensity.Due to metallic copper and metallic silver have excellent electric conductivity and they It is non-solid-solution under room temperature, therefore be the ideal candidates material for realizing high-strength highly-conductive, it is widely used in electric locomotive transmission line, it is defeated Transport conducting wire, the fields such as lead frame and highfield pulse magnet.Routinely the method for realization high-strength high-conductivity copper silver alloy is Kufil aurification is realized, by adjusting content silver-colored in alloy, to improve the intensity of material.
If CN 103572184A discloses a kind of preparation method of high-strength silver-copper alloy material, include the following steps:1) With copper, silver for raw material, according to mass fraction silver 15-20%, surplus is that the ratio of copper carries out ingredient;2) vacuum melting technology is used Prepare Kufil bar;3) Kufil bar is refined using vacuum consumable arc-melting technology;4) hot extrusion:Squeeze temperature It is 800~900 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2~4h, extrusion ratio is 8~10, is squeezed into bar;5) it is heat-treated:Annealing temperature is 200~250 DEG C, soaking time is 1~2h, furnace cooling;6) drawing to obtain the final product.
CN 101643866A discloses a kind of high-strength highly-conductive Cu-Ag alloy material and preparation method thereof, and specifically discloses The alloy material ingredient be Ag5wt%-10wt%, the preparation method of copper surplus and the alloy material, including:1) chemical component Design;2) working chamber and directional solidification room vacuumize;3) graphite crucible preheats;4) alloy melting;5) graphite crucible is pulled down;6) it takes Alloy pig out;7) hot extrusion;8) it is heat-treated;9) wire drawing.
But method is all the mode for realizing Kufil aurification in the prior art, is sacrificed by the way that a large amount of noble silvers are added Conductor electric conductivity improves the strength of materials, can not achieve the optimum performance of Kufil material.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing deficiencies of prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an Albatra metal and its preparation sides Method, for solving the problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention obtains by the following technical programs.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of Cu alloy material, includes the following steps:
1) Kufil aurification:Copper is greater than 9.0 × 10 in vacuum degree-3Heated under the conditions of Pa, until heating temperature be 800 DEG C~ At 900 DEG C stop vacuumize, and under inert gas protection heating be heated to copper be completely melt then be added silver be mixed to form it is molten Body is cast into ingot casting;
2) alloy solid solution is handled:To ingot casting solution treatment;
3) cold deformation is processed;
4) aging strengthening model.
Preferably, in step 1), to count on the basis of the gross mass of silver and copper, silver-colored dosage is 0.1wt%~1.0wt%.
Preferably, in step 1), heating heating temperature is 1150~1200 DEG C.
Preferably, in step 1), the silver uses Argent grain, and the diameter of Argent grain is 0.01cm~0.5cm.In the application Argent grain is added in the copper melts being completely melt in addition, so that Argent grain is quickly dissolved and is sufficiently mixed uniformly with copper melts.
Preferably, in step 1), the copper uses oxygen-free copper.
Preferably, in step 1), the Argent grain purity is 99.9%.
Preferably, in step 2), ingot casting solution treatment refers to that ingot casting, which is heated to high temperature monophase field constant temperature, to be kept, and silver-colored phase is made Rapid cooling after being sufficiently dissolved into copper melts, to obtain supersaturated solid solution.
Preferably, the temperature of the high temperature monophase field is 700 DEG C~850 DEG C.Thermostatic hold-time is 4~12h.
Preferably, it is quickly cooled down into the water after heated at constant temperature.It is highly preferred that after heated at constant temperature extremely Interval time into the water is no more than 5s.
Cold deformation processing actually required is carried out to the ingot casting after solution treatment.Preferably, in step 3), cold deformation processing Refer to and the ingot casting after solution treatment is cold worked below recrystallization temperature.It is highly preferred that becoming in cold deformation manufacturing procedure Form quotient η value is 1~4, wherein η=ln (S0/ S), S0, S be respectively cold deformation processing front and back sample cross-sectional area.It is highly preferred that Cold deformation processing in the application refers to cold rolling and cold drawing.
Preferably, cold deformation processing can be one or many.It is highly preferred that the deflection Q that cold deformation is processed every time is not More than 15%, the deflection Q=(S0-S)/S0, wherein S0, S be respectively sample before and after cold deformation cross-sectional area.
Preferably, in step 4), aging strengthening model is to place processing in a certain specific warm area for realizing supersaturated shape A large amount of precipitations of state silver.Aging heat treatment temperature is 350~500 DEG C.Soaking time when aging strengthening model is 4~8h.
The invention also discloses a kind of Cu alloy material, the Cu alloy material is prepared by the method as described in any of the above-described It obtains.
Albatra metal disclosed by the invention and preparation method thereof, has the advantages that:The present invention passes through separation copper Silver and melting Kufil, reduce the scaling loss of silver, improve texture by solution treatment, realize supersaturation of the silver in copper State, then by cold deformation, increase the activation energy of silver, by ageing treatment, realize a large amount of uniform precipitations of silver, adjust tissue Structure eliminates tissue defects, finally obtains copper alloy with high strength and high conductivity.The silver content of the copper alloy prepared in the present invention is less, and And the preparation process can greatly reduce the scaling loss of noble silver, reduce production cost;Simultaneously cooperate it is appropriate heat treatment with it is cold The Cu alloy material for the acquisition that processing technology obtains has the characteristics that high-strength highly-conductive, performance stabilization, easy to process at various copper materials, Guarantee is provided for its extensive use.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by particular specific embodiment below, those skilled in the art can be by this explanation Content disclosed by book is understood other advantages and efficacy of the present invention easily.
Before further describing the specific embodiments of the present invention, it should be appreciated that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to down State specific specific embodiment;It is also understood that term used in the embodiment of the present invention is specific specific in order to describe Embodiment, rather than limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.The test method of actual conditions is not specified in the following example, Usually according to normal condition, or according to condition proposed by each manufacturer.
When embodiment provides numberical range, it should be appreciated that except non-present invention is otherwise noted, two ends of each numberical range Any one numerical value can be selected between point and two endpoints.Unless otherwise defined, the present invention used in all technologies and Scientific term is identical as the normally understood meaning of those skilled in the art of the present technique.Except specific method, equipment used in embodiment, Outside material, grasp and record of the invention according to those skilled in the art to the prior art can also be used and this Any method, equipment and the material of the similar or equivalent prior art of method described in inventive embodiments, equipment, material come real The existing present invention.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of the Kufil material of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
1) using oxygen-free copper, purity be 99.9% diameter for 0.5cm Argent grain as raw material, be 0.5wt%, surplus according to silver Ingredient is carried out for the ratio of copper;
2) ingot casting is prepared using vacuum melting technology, it will be in proportioned copper, the disposable loading vacuum melting furnace of silver but simultaneously It does not mix, wherein Argent grain is packed into storage compartment, is then vacuumized, when vacuum degree reaches 9.0 × 10-3It begins to warm up, rises when Pa High power closes vacuum when temperature reaches 900 DEG C, and being filled with argon gas to vacuum degree is 1.0 × 102Pa, when temperature reaches 1150 DEG C when silver is added, and be stirred, cast after stirring 2-3min, natural cooling obtains ingot casting.
It 3) is 700 DEG C, soaking time 4h to the temperature of the solution treatment of ingot casting, coming out of the stove and entering the water spacer time is less than 5s, and be placed in water and carry out water cooling.
4) cold deformation processing actually required is carried out to the ingot casting after solid solution, deformation rate η value is 2, and each deflection Q is 10%.
It 5) is 350 DEG C, soaking time 4h to the temperature of the alloy aging heat treatment after cold deformation processing, it is cold with furnace.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of the high-strength silver-copper alloy material of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
1) using oxygen-free copper, purity be 99.9% diameter for 0.01cm Argent grain as raw material, be 1.0wt% according to silver, it is remaining Amount is that the ratio of copper carries out ingredient;
2) Kufil bar is prepared using vacuum melting technology, by proportioned copper, the disposable loading vacuum melting of silver It in furnace but does not mix, wherein Argent grain is packed into storage compartment, is then vacuumized, when vacuum degree reaches 9.0 × 10-3Start when Pa Heating, increased wattage close vacuum when temperature reaches 800 DEG C, and being filled with argon gas to vacuum degree is 1.0 × 102Pa works as temperature Silver is added when reaching 1200 DEG C, and is stirred, casts after stirring 2-3min, cooling obtains ingot casting.
It 3) is 850 DEG C, soaking time 12h to the temperature of the solution treatment of ingot casting, coming out of the stove and entering the water spacer time is less than 5s, and be placed in water and carry out water cooling.
4) cold deformation processing actually required is carried out to the ingot casting after solid solution, deformation rate η value is 4, and each deflection Q is 13%.
It 5) is 500 DEG C, soaking time 8h to the temperature of the alloy aging processing after cold deformation processing, it is cold with furnace.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of the high-strength silver-copper alloy material of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
1) using oxygen-free copper, purity be 99.9% diameter for 0.05cm Argent grain as raw material, be 0.1wt% according to silver, it is remaining Amount is that the ratio of copper carries out ingredient;
2) Kufil bar is prepared using vacuum melting technology, by proportioned copper, the disposable loading vacuum melting of silver It in furnace but does not mix, wherein Argent grain is packed into storage compartment, is then vacuumized, when vacuum degree reaches 9.0 × 10-3Start when Pa Heating, increased wattage close vacuum when temperature reaches 850 DEG C, and being filled with argon gas to vacuum degree is 1.0 × 102Pa works as temperature Silver is added when reaching 1180 DEG C, and is stirred, casts after stirring 2-3min, cooling obtains ingot casting.
It 3) is 800 DEG C, soaking time 10h to the temperature of the solution treatment of ingot casting, coming out of the stove and entering the water spacer time is less than 5s, and be placed in water and carry out water cooling.
4) cold deformation processing actually required is carried out to the ingot casting after solid solution, deformation rate η value is 1, and each deflection Q is 14%.
It 5) is 400 DEG C, soaking time 5h to the temperature of the alloy aging processing after cold deformation processing, it is cold with furnace.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of the high-strength silver-copper alloy material of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
1) using oxygen-free copper, purity be 99.9% diameter for 0.2cm Argent grain as raw material, be 0.3wt%, surplus according to silver Ingredient is carried out for the ratio of copper;
2) Kufil bar is prepared using vacuum melting technology, by proportioned copper, the disposable loading vacuum melting of silver It in furnace but does not mix, wherein Argent grain is packed into storage compartment, is then vacuumized, when vacuum degree reaches 9.0 × 10-3Start when Pa Heating, increased wattage close vacuum when temperature reaches 830 DEG C, and being filled with argon gas to vacuum degree is 1.0 × 102Pa works as temperature Silver is added when reaching 1160 DEG C, and is stirred, casts after stirring 2-3min, cooling obtains ingot casting.
It 3) is 750 DEG C, soaking time 8h to the temperature of the solution treatment of ingot casting, coming out of the stove and entering the water spacer time is less than 5s, and be placed in water and carry out water cooling.
4) cold deformation processing actually required is carried out to the ingot casting after solid solution, deformation rate η value is 3, and each deflection Q is 11%.
It 5) is 450 DEG C, soaking time 7h to the temperature of the alloy aging processing after cold deformation processing, it is cold with furnace.
Comparative example 1
1) using oxygen-free copper, purity be 99.9% diameter for 0.2cm Argent grain as raw material, be 0.3wt%, surplus according to silver Ingredient is carried out for the ratio of copper;
2) Kufil bar is prepared using vacuum melting technology, by proportioned copper, the disposable loading vacuum melting of silver Mixing, then vacuumizes, when vacuum degree reaches 9.0 × 10 in furnace-3It is begun to warm up when Pa, increased wattage, when temperature reaches 830 DEG C When, vacuum is closed, being filled with argon gas to vacuum degree is 1.0 × 102Pa is carried out when metal whole fusion temperature reaches 1160 DEG C Stirring is cast after stirring 2-3min, and cooling obtains ingot casting.
It 3) is 750 DEG C, soaking time 8h to the temperature of the solution treatment of ingot casting, coming out of the stove and entering the water spacer time is less than 5s, and be placed in water and carry out water cooling.
4) cold deformation processing actually required is carried out to the ingot casting after solid solution, deformation rate η value is 3, and each deflection Q is 11%.
It 5) is 450 DEG C, soaking time 7h to the temperature of the alloy aging processing after cold deformation processing, it is cold with furnace.
Comparative example 2
1) using oxygen-free copper, purity be 99.9% diameter for 0.2cm Argent grain as raw material, be 0.3wt%, surplus according to silver Ingredient is carried out for the ratio of copper;
2) Kufil bar is prepared using vacuum melting technology, by proportioned copper, the disposable loading vacuum melting of silver It in furnace but does not mix, wherein Ag is packed into storage compartment, is then vacuumized, when vacuum degree reaches 9.0 × 10-3Start to add when Pa Heat, increased wattage close vacuum when temperature reaches 830 DEG C, and being filled with argon gas to vacuum degree is 1.0 × 102Pa, when temperature arrives Silver is added when up to 1160 DEG C, and is stirred, casts after stirring 2-3min, cooling obtains ingot casting.
3) cold deformation processing actually required is carried out to the ingot casting after casting, deformation rate η value is 3, and each deflection Q is 11%.
Tensile strength and conductivity to the Cu alloy material prepared in embodiment 1,2,3 and 4 and comparative example 1 and 2 carry out Test, the results are shown in Table 1.
Tensile strength provides to carry out according to GB/T 228.1.
Conductivity provides to carry out according to GB/T 32791.
The tensile strength and conductivity test result of the Cu alloy material of 1 embodiment 1,2,3,4 of table and comparative example 1,2 are tested Project
By can be seen that in above-mentioned table 1:Provided test method through the invention, can be effectively reduced noble silver Scaling loss, heat treatment provided by the present invention and cold machining process can improve the conductivity and tensile strength of alloy simultaneously.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any ripe The personage for knowing this technology all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, carries out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment.Cause This, institute is complete without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art such as At all equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of preparation method of Cu alloy material, includes the following steps:
1) Kufil aurification:Copper is not more than 9.0 × 10 in vacuum degree-3Heated under the conditions of Pa, until heating temperature be 800 DEG C~ At 900 DEG C stop vacuumize, and under inert gas protection heating be heated to copper be completely melt then be added silver be mixed to form it is molten Body is cast into ingot casting;
2) alloy solid solution is handled:To ingot casting solution treatment;
3) cold deformation is processed;
4) aging strengthening model.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1), on the basis of the gross mass of silver and copper Meter, silver-colored dosage are 0.1wt%~1.0wt%.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1), heating heating temperature be 1150~ 1200℃。
4. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1), the silver uses Argent grain, Argent grain Diameter be 0.01cm~0.5cm.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 2), ingot casting solution treatment refers to ingot casting It is heated to the holding of high temperature monophase field constant temperature, rapid cooling after being dissolved into silver-colored phase sufficiently in copper melts, to obtain super saturated solid solution Body.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that including one of following feature or a variety of:
The temperature of the high temperature monophase field is 700 DEG C~850 DEG C;
Thermostatic hold-time is 4~12h;
It is quickly cooled down into the water after heated at constant temperature.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 3), cold deformation processing refers to at solid solution Ingot casting after reason is cold worked below recrystallization temperature;It is 1~4 that deflection η value in process, which is cold worked, wherein η=ln (S0/ S), S0, S be respectively cold deformation processing front and back sample cross-sectional area.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 4), aging strengthening model is a certain specific Warm area places processing with a large amount of precipitations for realizing hypersaturated state silver, and aging heat treatment temperature is 350~500 DEG C.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that including one of following feature or a variety of:
Temperature is 350~500 DEG C when aging strengthening model;
Soaking time when aging strengthening model is 4~8h.
10. a kind of Cu alloy material, which is characterized in that by including prepared by preparation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 It obtains.
CN201810707575.5A 2018-07-02 2018-07-02 Copper alloy material and preparation method thereof Active CN108823464B (en)

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CN110468297A (en) * 2019-09-09 2019-11-19 上海电缆研究所有限公司 A kind of high performance audio transmission alloy wire and preparation method thereof
CN111101008A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-05-05 浙江杭机新型合金材料有限公司 High-strength high-conductivity copper-silver alloy material and preparation method thereof

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