Cordyceps militaris extract and the preparation method and application thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to effective component extractive technique fields, and in particular to a kind of Cordyceps militaris extract and preparation method thereof with
Using.
Background technique
Acute kidney injury (acute kidey injury, AKI) is the more typical emergency and severe disease of clinical departments.AKI refers to 48h
Inside the raised absolute value >=26.5umol/L (0.3mg/dL) of at least 2 serum creatinine levels or more former serum creatinine value rise >=
50%;And (or) continue 6h or more urine volume<0.5mL/kg/h.Mostly occur in shock, severe trauma, septicopyemia and certain anti-swollen
It, many times can be fast because of progression of the disease after tumor (platinum class), antibiotic medicine (aminoglycoside, beta-lactam class) such as use at the factors
Speed, it is chronic kidney disease (CKD) so that relying on renal replacement therapies all the life even results in death that treatment develops not in time.
Domestic and international result of study shows that the disease incidence of AKI in general hospital is 3%~10%, intensive care unit be 30%~
60%, critical AKI mortality is up to 30%~80%.As long as Recent study shows that AKI occurs, can not only obviously increase
The short-term death rate of patient, and no matter whether renal function restores, all may be (including long term survival rate, chronic to the prognosis of patient's long term
The disease incidence of kidney trouble) generate adverse effect.In consideration of it, the treatment for AKI is just particularly important.
Cordyceps militaris also known as northern Chinese caterpillar Fungus, Cordceps militaris etc. belong to Clavicipitaceae, Cordyceps on taxology, be traditional simply
Chinese medicine has huge medical value.Contain in Cordyceps militaris there are many chemical component, there are a variety of medicinal efficacies, with cordyceps sinensis
Pharmacological function it is similar with clinical effectiveness, but price is lower than cordyceps sinensis, therefore gradually ingredient cordyceps sinensis replaces Cordyceps militaris
Dai Pin has great potential market.
Cordyceps militaris extract has multiple functions, for example, Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide has antitumor, hypoglycemic, anti-hepatic fibrosis and mentions
High immune function, cordycepin have antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, adjusting human endocrine and enhancing immune function of human body etc. are significant
Effect.But the also not report about Cordyceps militaris extract in terms for the treatment of acute kidney injury at present.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Cordyceps militaris extracts and preparation method thereof.This hair
The Cordyceps militaris extract of bright preparation has significant therapeutic effect to acute kidney injury.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
The first aspect of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of Cordyceps militaris extract, includes the following steps:
(1) it is 10-20% by Cordyceps militaris raw material drying to water content, then carries out vacuum and low temperature expanding treatment;
(2) ethanol solution is added in the Cordyceps militaris raw material after vacuum and low temperature expanding treatment and carries out ultrasonic extraction, extracting solution is dense
Contracting, drying, obtain crude extract;
(3) crude extract is redissolved with the ethanol solution that volumetric concentration is 40-60%, is adsorbed by macroporous resin column, successively
Through gradient concentration ethanol solution elution from low to high, 80% ethanol eluate is collected, solvent is removed, is concentrated into medicinal extract, then
Petroleum ether dissolution, filtering is added, filtrate removes solvent, and concentration, drying obtain Cordyceps militaris extract.
Preferably, in step (1), the Cordyceps militaris raw material includes:Cordyceps militaris, fruiting bodies of cordyceps militaris or Cordyceps militaris mycelia
Body.
Preferably, in step (1), the condition of the vacuum and low temperature expanding treatment is:45-55 DEG C of swelling temperature;Extraction is true
Empty number is 6-10 times, and puffing time is 1-2 hours.Vacuum and low temperature extruding is that sample is placed in pressurized tank, by heating and
Pressurization balances sample interior pressure and external pressure, and then vacuum is put in decompression suddenly, vaporize material internal moisture suddenly,
Flash distillation, makes sample cell extruding, by pumping repeatedly, puts vacuum processing sample interior cell tissue gap can be made to become and increase,
Permeability improves, it is easier to and Extraction solvent is in contact, to improve the recovery rate of effective component.And vacuum and low temperature extruding
Processing temperature is low, the time is short, substantially will not be to the active principle destroyed in raw material.
The research of the invention finds that the too low Cordyceps militaris of water content lacks flexibility during vacuum and low temperature expanding treatment,
It is frangible in pressure process;And moisture content it is excessively high when will affect the expansion effect of Cordyceps militaris.It is found through test of many times, Cordyceps militaris is former
Expect that expansion effect is ideal when water content is 10-20%.
Preferably, in step (2), the volumetric concentration of the ethanol solution is 50-60%.
Preferably, in step (2), the condition of the ultrasonic extraction is:40-60 DEG C of temperature, time 20-30min, power
100-120W。
Preferably, in step (3), the macroporous resin column is D101 type macroporous resin column.
Preferably, in step (3), the gradient concentration ethanol solution elution from low to high is specially:
Successively with 40% ethanol elution, 4 column volumes, 60% column volume of ethanol elution 4,80% cylinder of ethanol elution 6
Product.
The second aspect of the present invention provides the Cordyceps militaris extract of above method preparation.
The third aspect of the present invention provides above-mentioned Cordyceps militaris extract answering in the drug of preparation treatment acute kidney injury
With.
The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a kind of drug for treating acute kidney injury, by above-mentioned Cordyceps militaris extract and
Pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary material is made.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention is found surprisingly that the extract that Cordyceps militaris raw material is extracted by specific process can be acute separately as treating
The drug of injury of kidney can be further developed as the protection drug of acute kidney injury, have broad application prospects.Meanwhile this hair
The preparation method of bright Cordyceps militaris extract is simple, is suitble to industrialized production.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
In order to enable those skilled in the art can clearly understand the technical solution of the application, below with reference to tool
The technical solution of the application is described in detail in the embodiment of body.
The examination that test material is this field routine is not specifically described used in the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example
Material is tested, can be commercially available by commercial channel.
Fruiting bodies of cordyceps militaris raw material used in the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example is the same place of production, harvest of same time
Cordyceps militaris, the content of effective component is without marked difference.
Embodiment 1:
(1) it is 15% by 1kg Cordyceps militaris raw material drying to water content using fruiting bodies of cordyceps militaris as raw material, then carries out true
Empty low temperature expanding processing, the condition of the vacuum and low temperature expanding treatment are:50 DEG C of swelling temperature;Extraction vacuum number is 8 times, swollen
Changing the time is 1.5 hours.
(2) ethanol solution that the volumetric concentration of 8 times of weight is 60% is added into the raw material after vacuum and low temperature expanding treatment
Ultrasonic extraction is carried out, the condition of ultrasonic extraction is:Temperature 50 C, time 20min, power 100W, extracting solution concentration, drying obtain
To crude extract.
(3) ethanol solution that the volumetric concentration of 2 times of weight of crude extract is 50% is redissolved, passes through D101 type macroreticular resin
Column absorption, successively with 40% ethanol elution, 4 column volumes, 60% column volume of ethanol elution 4,80% cylinder of ethanol elution 6
Product collects 80% ethanol eluate, removes solvent, is concentrated into medicinal extract, and petroleum ether dissolution, filtering is then added, and filtrate removes molten
Agent is concentrated into medicinal extract, 60 DEG C of vacuum drying, crushes to get Cordyceps militaris extract is arrived.
Embodiment 2:
(1) it is 10% by 1kg Cordyceps militaris raw material drying to water content using fruiting bodies of cordyceps militaris as raw material, then carries out true
Empty low temperature expanding processing, the condition of the vacuum and low temperature expanding treatment are:45 DEG C of swelling temperature;Extraction vacuum number is 10 times,
Puffing time is 2 hours.
(2) ethanol solution that the volumetric concentration of 8 times of weight is 50% is added into the raw material after vacuum and low temperature expanding treatment
Ultrasonic extraction is carried out, the condition of ultrasonic extraction is:40 DEG C of temperature, time 30min, power 100W, extracting solution concentration, drying obtain
To crude extract.
(3) ethanol solution that the volumetric concentration of 2 times of weight of crude extract is 40% is redissolved, passes through D101 type macroreticular resin
Column absorption, successively with 40% ethanol elution, 4 column volumes, 60% column volume of ethanol elution 4,80% cylinder of ethanol elution 6
Product collects 80% ethanol eluate, removes solvent, is concentrated into medicinal extract, and petroleum ether dissolution, filtering is then added, and filtrate removes molten
Agent is concentrated into medicinal extract, 60 DEG C of vacuum drying, crushes to get Cordyceps militaris extract is arrived.
Embodiment 3:
(1) it is 20% by 1kg Cordyceps militaris raw material drying to water content using fruiting bodies of cordyceps militaris as raw material, then carries out true
Empty low temperature expanding processing, the condition of the vacuum and low temperature expanding treatment are:55 DEG C of swelling temperature;Extraction vacuum number is 6 times, swollen
Changing the time is 1 hour.
(2) ethanol solution that the volumetric concentration of 8 times of weight is 55% is added into the raw material after vacuum and low temperature expanding treatment
Ultrasonic extraction is carried out, the condition of ultrasonic extraction is:Temperature 60 C, time 20min, power 120W, extracting solution concentration, drying obtain
To crude extract.
(3) ethanol solution that the volumetric concentration of 2 times of weight of crude extract is 40% is redissolved, passes through D101 type macroreticular resin
Column absorption, successively with 40% ethanol elution, 4 column volumes, 60% column volume of ethanol elution 4,80% cylinder of ethanol elution 6
Product collects 80% ethanol eluate, removes solvent, is concentrated into medicinal extract, and petroleum ether dissolution, filtering is then added, and filtrate removes molten
Agent is concentrated into medicinal extract, 60 DEG C of vacuum drying, crushes to get Cordyceps militaris extract is arrived.
Comparative example 1:
Using fruiting bodies of cordyceps militaris as raw material, the ethanol solution that the volumetric concentration that 8 times of weight is added is 60% carries out ultrasound and mentions
It takes, the condition of ultrasonic extraction is:Temperature 50 C, time 20min, power 100W, extracting solution concentration dry, pulverize, and obtain pupa worm
Careless extract A.
Comparative example 2:
Using fruiting bodies of cordyceps militaris as raw material, the ethanol solution that the volumetric concentration of 8 times of weight is 60%, refluxing extraction 3 is added
Secondary, 3 times are respectively 2,1,0.5 hours, and extracting solution is concentrated into relative density 1.01 (50 DEG C of surveys), pass through D101 type macropore tree
Rouge column absorption, successively with 40% ethanol elution, 4 column volumes, 60% column volume of ethanol elution 4,80% column of ethanol elution 6
Volume collects 80% ethanol eluate, is concentrated into medicinal extract, 60 DEG C of vacuum drying, crushes, obtain Cordyceps militaris extract B.
Test example 1:The influence for the acute renal injury in mice that Cordyceps militaris extract induces glycerol
(1) experimental animal ICR mouse, cleaning grade, male, 22~26g of weight.
(2) modeling, grouping and administration
After mouse adaptable fed, randomized grouping is divided into blank group, model group, clearing preparation-Niaoduqing (commercially available) positive drug control group
(3.25g/kg), 1 group of test (give the Cordyceps militaris extract of the preparation of embodiment 1,100mg/kg), and 2 groups of test (gives comparative example
The Cordyceps militaris extract A of 1 preparation, 100mg/kg), 3 groups of test (gives the Cordyceps militaris extract B of the preparation of comparative example 2,100mg/
Kg), every group of 10 mouse.
After animal prohibits water non-fasting 18h, using the method for intramuscular injection, 50% glycerol is injected in leg after two, and injection is total
Amount presses 8ml/kg, and every back leg injection dosage is fifty-fifty.Wherein glycerol normal saline dilution is at 50%.Blank group injects equivalent
Physiological saline.After modeling, animal continues to prohibit water non-fasting 8h, and free diet drinks water and starts to be administered later.1 time a day,
For three days on end.The pure water of blank group, model group administration equivalent.It is administered using stomach-filling mode.
(3) acquisition, processing of blood sample and index determining
Last dose for 24 hours after, anesthetized animal, abdominal aorta blood sampling, collect its anticoagulated whole blood.Then animal is put to death, takes two
Kidney, nephridial tissue are fixed for 24 hours with 10% formaldehyde, and conventional alcohol dehydration, paraffin embedding cuts 5 μm of histotomy, haematoxylin-she
Red (HE) dyeing, the intracavitary cast quantity of om observation urinary cast.
Anticoagulated whole blood centrifugation, is centrifuged to obtain blood plasma, freezen protective by 5000r/min, 10min.It is surveyed by enzymic creatinine assay method
Determine the content of creatinine in blood plasma.
(4) experimental result
Influence of the Cordyceps militaris extract to the acute kidney injury mouse serum creatinine that glycerol induces is shown in Table 1, to glycerol induction
The influence of acute kidney injury mouse renal cast number is shown in Table 2.
Table 1:The influence for the acute kidney injury mouse serum creatinine that Cordyceps militaris extract induces glycerol
Group |
Creatinine (μm ol/L) |
Blank group |
74.12±21.32 |
Model group |
143.54±52.60 |
Clearing preparation-Niaoduqing positive controls |
124.22±38.57 |
Test 1 group |
92.26±18.35 |
Test 2 groups |
136.40±34.82 |
Test 3 groups |
120.25±30.20 |
Table 2:The influence for the acute kidney injury mouse renal cast number that Cordyceps militaris extract induces glycerol
Group |
Cast quantity |
Blank group |
0 |
Model group |
17.24±5.80 |
Clearing preparation-Niaoduqing positive controls |
15.26±5.24 |
Test 1 group |
7.02±2.40 |
Test 2 groups |
16.10±4.68 |
Test 3 groups |
14.96±5.73 |
Renal cast quantity is to evaluate one of the index that kidney structure is destroyed, and Cordyceps militaris extract is to serum creatinine
Pathological damage criterion is also set to reach statistical difference while reduction reaches statistical difference.Illustrate Cordyceps militaris extract pair
Acute kidney injury is treated with unexpected technical effect.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, various changes and changes are possible in this application.Within the spirit and principles of this application, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of protection of this application.