CN108812036A - A kind of engrafting and cultivating method of spice all over the mountain - Google Patents
A kind of engrafting and cultivating method of spice all over the mountain Download PDFInfo
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- CN108812036A CN108812036A CN201810945020.4A CN201810945020A CN108812036A CN 108812036 A CN108812036 A CN 108812036A CN 201810945020 A CN201810945020 A CN 201810945020A CN 108812036 A CN108812036 A CN 108812036A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of engrafting and cultivating methods of spice all over the mountain, include the following steps：（1）Cultivate spice all over the mountain seedling；（2）Grafting；（3）Selection of land site preparation；（4）Transplanting；（5）Field management.Engrafting and cultivating method through the invention can promote the growth of spice all over the mountain, expand the plantation of spice all over the mountain, improve the yield of spice all over the mountain, meet the needs of market is to spice all over the mountain.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting technical fields, and in particular to a kind of engrafting and cultivating method of spice all over the mountain.
Background technique
Spice all over the mountain, alias：Leopard bone wind, Bai Zhushu, murraya paniculataJack, wind vine, moon tangerine, five it is inner it is fragrant, water is evergreen, daphne odera,
Cross bee saage, tetramerous jasminorange leaf, latin name：Gaultheria cumingiana, section's name：Ericaceae, generic name：Gaultheria, the place of production point
Cloth：The ground such as Guangxi China, Hainan, Taiwan, Guangdong are originated in, Philippine also has.Morphological feature：Up to 1.5m.Sprig pale red or
Light red grey has longitudinal grin；Leaf alternate, oval or ellipticity is oval, and edge has crenation；Raceme axillary spends small, corolla clock
Shape, white, diameter 3mm；Capsule berry shape, oblate spheroid, darkviolet.Animals and plants ecological environment：It is grown on hill.Medicinal plants and animals
Cultivation：Also there is grower.【Harvesting storage】Whole year can adopt.【Nature and flavor】It is pungent, bitter, temperature.【Channel tropism】The heart, liver, lung channel.【Function
Effect】Promoting the circulation of qi, promoting blood circulation, wind-dispelling, dehumidifying, analgesia.【It cures mainly】Stomach duct and abdomen gas pain, pyogenic infections, scabies, pruitus, treating swelling and pain by traumatic injury.
【Usage and dosage】It is for oral administration：Decoction, 3-5 money；Or infusing drugs in wine clothes.External application：It applies.Spice all over the mountain Baoshang：50 grams of spice all over the mountain are taken to be rushed with clear water
After washing, the Baoshangs such as appropriate pig bone, chicken or duck are added；Taste is sweet refreshing, and fragrance is tempting, and mouthfeel makes us enjoying endless aftertastes, and soup look is fresh clearly,
It is the excellent soup stock of family's banquet, restaurant, dinner party.Effect：Remove rheumatism, strong flesh bone, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals, appetite-stimulating and indigestion-relieving；Spice all over the mountain
Flower, leaf, fruit contain essential oil, oil yield 0.25%, essential oil can be used for cosmetic essence, food flavor；Ye Kezuo seasoning is fragrant
Material；Branches and leaves are used as medicine, and have the effect of promoting qi circulation and relieving pain, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, can treat for stomachache, rheumatic arthralgia, external application can then control toothache, fall flutter it is swollen
Bitterly, worm snake bite etc..In addition, pharmaceutically also using it as tonic, peptic etc..
Spice all over the mountain plant is short, branch pale red, not only have medical value outstanding, ornamental value also with higher,
Preferably transplanted in warm regional gardens.Spice all over the mountain is adaptable, and light, sun-drenched grown is good, covers and grows at shade
It is weak.Spice all over the mountain growth is fast, rudiment power is strong, after plant is cut down, every stump can 5~6 coppice shoots of eruption, one-year age can grow to
50~100cm high.Artificial cultivation spice all over the mountain can use seminal propagation and vegetative propagation.Spice all over the mountain is in food, medicine, makeup, chemical industry
Etc. industries all there is biggish development prospect, the field applied with it constantly expands, and newly developed product is more and more, full
The demand of bee saage is increasing, shows the state that supply falls short of demand, therefore is badly in need of a kind of implantation methods of science, improves all over the mountain
Fragrant planting number and yield.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of engrafting and cultivating methods of spice all over the mountain, engrafting and cultivating method through the invention,
The growth that can promote spice all over the mountain expands the plantation of spice all over the mountain, improves the yield of spice all over the mountain, meets market to the need of spice all over the mountain
It asks.
A kind of engrafting and cultivating method of spice all over the mountain includes the following steps：
（1）Cultivate spice all over the mountain seedling：The seed of strong, the disease-resistant spice all over the mountain of well developed root system, limb is selected, it is quick using tissue culture
Propagation method breeds healthy and strong, well developed root system tissue-cultured seedling as seedling.
（2）Grafting：When the long supreme 15~20cm of seedling, root diameter thick 1.5~2.5cm, at 8~12cm of ground
It cuts and stays stake, select the wild spice all over the mountain fringe bar with full axillary-bud or top-bud, grafted using T-shaped bud grafting method：
1）Select a full bud in scion, the first horizontal partial application at 0.5cm above the bud, as deep as xylem, long incision 0.8cm, then
A upward knife of splaying, knife will cut xylem, cut always to the first knife notch and meet at 1.5cm under bud, remove slightly wooden
The bud tablets in matter portion；
2）A straight shiny surface is selected at 6~8cm of stock base portion, size base of being pruned and buddered from bottom to top or from top to bottom with knife
This is identical slightly with the cortex of xylem；
3）It will budder promptly by cutting on oral area position in stock, so that bud tablets and stock forming layer is mutually coincide, with 1.5cm's wide
Bud and stock are cut mouth whole Bao Yan by plastic film tightly wrapping from bottom to top, and bud does not expose；
4）It heals completely and start to sprout unbundlings, cut anvil in time, the not cut anvil continuation that do not survive of buddering are transferred at another place wait budder
It connects.
（3）Selection of land site preparation：600~1000m of height above sea level is chosen, it is fertile, loose, well-drained to plant spice all over the mountain to tailo；
45~55cm of deep ploughing is carried out to soil, applies base manure and spice all over the mountain Special slow release fertilizer, per acre, spice all over the mountain is dedicated slow for 2~3 tons of base manure
Release 3~5 tons of fertilizer per acre.
（4）Transplanting：20~40 days, wound healing and the spice all over the mountain seedling balled transplanting for sprouting sprouting will be cultivated after grafting,
Transplanting Density is 220~225/mu, and seeding row spacing is 1.5m × 2m；Transplanting depth is 10~15cm, pours root water after transplanting, it
It does not rewater afterwards, until determining root；Sick seedling, dead seedling are removed after 15 days in time, and is filled the gaps with seedlings in time.
（5）Field management：
First Year monthly applies fertilizer, first 6 months monthly top dressing urea, mu 30~40kg of dosage, by urea with 1：6~10 ratio
It is substantially soluble in water and root is imposed on by trickle irrigation or sprinkling irrigation, seedling is allowed to fully absorb；Formula fertilizer, n-p-k ratio are imposed within 6 months afterwards
Example is 25：4：4, mu 35~45kg of dosage, by formula fertilizer with 1：4~8 ratio is substantially soluble in water to be applied by trickle irrigation or sprinkling irrigation
In root；Grass is directly layered on tree root side when continuous sunny by timely tillage and weeding, and rainy days is then directly earthed grass meal is broken
In, as green manure；
Second year, keypoint control subterranean pest-insect impose No. 1 compound pesticide fertilizer of 2%~5% BM muscardine every two moon, impose medicine
When fertile, circular groove is dug at 15~20cm beside seedling, depth is 10~15cm, and every medication 1.2~1.5kg of fertilizer has applied fertilizer
Earthing, watering after finishing；
Third year and after, annual application organic fertilizer three times, for the first time in 3-4 month, for the second time in the 6-7 month, for the third time in 11-12
Trimming was carried out to branch and after root excavation one week, 2~3 tons of mu dosage, after uniformly spreading fertilizer over the fields, rotary cultivator is used to screw in ground the moon
Under, improve soil organic matter content, increases soil fertility.
The base manure is 100~200 parts of pig manure, 80~120 parts of cow dung, 80~120 parts of methane tank residue, fermentation residue 60
~80 parts, mixed fermentation 2~3 months.
The spice all over the mountain Special slow release fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Sesame oil is decocted medicinal herbs or refined to spice all over the mountain branches and leaves
200~350 parts of residue, spice all over the mountain fallen leaves 200~250 parts of powder, 120~300 parts of spice all over the mountain woods weeds powder, alga fertilizer 100 afterwards
~120 parts, 100~200 parts of potassium humate, 80~150 parts of montmorillonite and 100~200 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.
The organic fertilizer is 100~200 parts of furfural dregs, 40~80 parts of flyash, 50~80 parts of peanut press pulp, eucalyptus branches and leaves powder
60~100 parts, 100~150 parts of fish pond mud.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Engrafting and cultivating method of the invention selects the seed of spice all over the mountain to cultivate spice all over the mountain seedling by quick breeding by group culture method,
The germination percentage and survival rate of seed are improved, the root growth of spice all over the mountain seedling and limb is promoted to grow, is rapidly bred full
The seedling of bee saage.The present invention selects wild spice all over the mountain scion, is grafted using T-shaped bud grafting method, and operation is most easy, transfers
Connect that speed is fast and high survival rate, the spice all over the mountain grafted remains the medical value of wild spice all over the mountain, and to environment have compared with
Strong adaptability.
The present invention deep ploughs to soil in site preparation, then applies base manure and spice all over the mountain Special slow release fertilizer, and soil can be improved
The fertility on ground, fertilizer slow release can extend fertilizer efficiency.Sesame oil is decocted medicinal herbs or refined to spice all over the mountain Special slow release fertilizer branches and leaves containing spice all over the mountain
Residue and spice all over the mountain fallen leaves powder afterwards, and studies have shown that spice all over the mountain has the effect of expelling parasite, i.e. addition spice all over the mountain Special slow release fertilizer
It may also reach up good anthelminthic effect, prevent the pest seedling after transplanting in soil.Fertilising is using a small amount of more after transplanting
Secondary fertilizing method can meet the growth demand of spice all over the mountain well, promote its fast-growth, can also reduce the damage of fertilizer
It loses.No. 1 compound pesticide fertilizer of BM muscardine is imposed in second year, subterranean pest-insect can be effectively prevented, reduce the generation of pest and disease damage.?
Third year and later 3 organic fertilizers of annual application, meet the growth demand of spice all over the mountain, keep branches and leaves strongr.
Containing furfural dregs and flyash in organic fertilizer used in the present invention, furfural dregs and flyash are mixed by certain proportion,
In conjunction with elution and other modes of reclaiming, can effectively rehabilitating soil, and solve during soil remediation flyash,
It is rationally utilized, realizes the resource utilization of polluter by pollution of the 2 kinds of solid waste of furfural dregs to environment.Furfural dregs
Contain a large amount of solubility in citric acid silicon-calcium-magnesium phosphorus etc. containing a large amount of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and flyash, is ok
Necessary nutrient is provided for crops.Eucalyptus branches and leaves powder is as a kind of commonly with the organic fertilizer of Vermins-expelling vermins-proof effect
Raw material can prevent and treat pest and disease damage.
Engrafting and cultivating method through the invention can promote the growth of spice all over the mountain, expand the plantation of spice all over the mountain, improve full
The yield of bee saage meets the needs of market is to spice all over the mountain.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is the photo at the spice all over the mountain result initial stage that the present invention plants out.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of engrafting and cultivating method of spice all over the mountain includes the following steps：
（1）Cultivate spice all over the mountain seedling：The seed of strong, the disease-resistant spice all over the mountain of well developed root system, limb is selected, it is quick using tissue culture
Propagation method breeds healthy and strong, well developed root system tissue-cultured seedling as seedling.
（2）Grafting：When the long supreme 15~20cm of seedling, root diameter thick 1.5~2.5cm, cut at the 10cm of ground
Fall and stay stake, selects the wild spice all over the mountain fringe bar with full axillary-bud or top-bud, grafted using T-shaped bud grafting method：
1）Select a full bud in scion, the first horizontal partial application at 0.5cm above the bud, as deep as xylem, long incision 0.8cm, then
A upward knife of splaying, knife will cut xylem, cut always to the first knife notch and meet at 1.5cm under bud, remove slightly wooden
The bud tablets in matter portion；
2）A straight shiny surface is selected at stock base portion 7cm, size of being pruned and buddered from bottom to top or from top to bottom with knife is basic
It is identical slightly with the cortex of xylem；
3）It will budder promptly by cutting on oral area position in stock, so that bud tablets and stock forming layer is mutually coincide, with 1.5cm's wide
Bud and stock are cut mouth whole Bao Yan by plastic film tightly wrapping from bottom to top, and bud does not expose；
4）It budders and heals and start sprout timely unbundlings, cut anvil completely, the not cut anvil that do not survive of buddering continues to graft at another place.
（3）Selection of land site preparation：600~1000m of height above sea level is chosen, it is fertile, loose, well-drained to plant spice all over the mountain to tailo；
Deep ploughing 50cm carried out to soil, applies base manure and spice all over the mountain Special slow release fertilizer, 2 tons of base manure per acre, 5 tons of spice all over the mountain Special slow release fertilizer
Per acre.
（4）Transplanting：30 days, wound healing and the spice all over the mountain seedling balled transplanting for sprouting sprouting, transplanting will be cultivated after grafting
Density is 222/mu, and seeding row spacing is 1.5m × 2m；Transplanting depth is 12cm, and root water is poured after transplanting, is not rewatered later, directly
To determining root；Sick seedling, dead seedling are removed after 15 days in time, and is filled the gaps with seedlings in time.
（5）Field management：
First Year monthly applies fertilizer, first 6 months monthly top dressing urea, mu dosage 35kg, by urea with 1：8 ratio is substantially soluble in
Root is imposed on by trickle irrigation or sprinkling irrigation in water, seedling is allowed to fully absorb；Formula fertilizer, nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio 25 are imposed within 6 months afterwards：4：
4, mu dosage 40kg, by formula fertilizer with 1：6 ratio, which is substantially soluble in water, imposes on root by trickle irrigation or sprinkling irrigation；Intertillage removes in time
Grass is directly layered on tree root side when continuous sunny by grass, rainy days then directly grass meal is broken be earthed in, as green manure；
Second year, keypoint control subterranean pest-insect impose No. 1 compound pesticide fertilizer of a 3% BM muscardine every two moon, impose medicine fertilizer
When, to dig circular groove at 15~20cm beside seedling, depth 12cm, every medication fertilizer 1.3kg, earthing after fertilising pour
Water；
Third year and after, annual application organic fertilizer three times, for the first time in 3-4 month, for the second time in the 6-7 month, for the third time in 11-12
Trimming was carried out to branch and after root excavation one week, 2.5 tons of mu dosage, after uniformly spreading fertilizer over the fields, rotary cultivator is used to screw in ground the moon
Under, improve soil organic matter content, increases soil fertility.
The base manure is 150 parts of pig manure, 100 parts of cow dung, 100 parts of methane tank residue, 70 parts of fermentation residue, mixed fermentation 3
A month.
The spice all over the mountain Special slow release fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Sesame oil is decocted medicinal herbs or refined to spice all over the mountain branches and leaves
280 parts of residue, spice all over the mountain fallen leaves 220 parts of powder, 200 parts of spice all over the mountain woods weeds powder, 110 parts of alga fertilizer, potassium humate 150 afterwards
Part, 120 parts of montmorillonite and 150 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.
The organic fertilizer is 150 parts of furfural dregs, 60 parts of flyash, 65 parts of peanut press pulp, 80 parts of eucalyptus branches and leaves powder, fish pond mud
120 parts.
Embodiment 2
A kind of engrafting and cultivating method of spice all over the mountain includes the following steps：
（1）Cultivate spice all over the mountain seedling：The seed of strong, the disease-resistant spice all over the mountain of well developed root system, limb is selected, it is quick using tissue culture
Propagation method breeds healthy and strong, well developed root system tissue-cultured seedling as seedling.
（2）Grafting：When the long supreme 15~20cm of seedling, root diameter thick 1.5~2.5cm, at 8~12cm of ground
It cuts and stays stake, select the wild spice all over the mountain fringe bar with full axillary-bud or top-bud, grafted using T-shaped bud grafting method：
1）Select a full bud in scion, the first horizontal partial application at 0.5cm above the bud, as deep as xylem, long incision 0.8cm, then
A upward knife of splaying, knife will cut xylem, cut always to the first knife notch and meet at 1.5cm under bud, remove slightly wooden
The bud tablets in matter portion；
2）A straight shiny surface is selected at 6~8cm of stock base portion, size base of being pruned and buddered from bottom to top or from top to bottom with knife
This is identical slightly with the cortex of xylem；
3）It will budder promptly by cutting on oral area position in stock, so that bud tablets and stock forming layer is mutually coincide, with 1.5cm's wide
Bud and stock are cut mouth whole Bao Yan by plastic film tightly wrapping from bottom to top, and bud does not expose；
4）It budders and heals and start sprout timely unbundlings, cut anvil completely, the not cut anvil that do not survive of buddering continues to graft at another place.
（3）Selection of land site preparation：600~1000m of height above sea level is chosen, it is fertile, loose, well-drained to plant spice all over the mountain to tailo；
45~55cm of deep ploughing carried out to soil, applies base manure and spice all over the mountain Special slow release fertilizer, 3 tons of base manure per acre, spice all over the mountain special slow release
3 tons of fertilizer is per acre.
（4）Transplanting：40 days, wound healing and the spice all over the mountain seedling balled transplanting for sprouting sprouting, transplanting will be cultivated after grafting
Density is 220~225/mu, and seeding row spacing is 1.5m × 2m；Transplanting depth is 10~15cm, root water is poured after transplanting, later not
It rewaters, until determining root；Sick seedling, dead seedling are removed after 15 days in time, and is filled the gaps with seedlings in time.
（5）Field management：
First Year monthly applies fertilizer, first 6 months monthly top dressing urea, mu dosage 40kg, by urea with 1：6 ratio is substantially soluble in
Root is imposed on by trickle irrigation or sprinkling irrigation in water, seedling is allowed to fully absorb；Formula fertilizer, nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio 25 are imposed within 6 months afterwards：4：
4, mu dosage 35kg, by formula fertilizer with 1：8 ratio, which is substantially soluble in water, imposes on root by trickle irrigation or sprinkling irrigation；Intertillage removes in time
Grass is directly layered on tree root side when continuous sunny by grass, rainy days then directly grass meal is broken be earthed in, as green manure；
Second year, keypoint control subterranean pest-insect impose No. 1 compound pesticide fertilizer of a 2% BM muscardine every two moon, impose medicine fertilizer
When, circular groove is dug at 15~20cm beside seedling, depth is 10~15cm, and every medication fertilizer 1.2kg covers after fertilising
Soil, watering；
Third year and after, annual application organic fertilizer three times, for the first time in 3-4 month, for the second time in the 6-7 month, for the third time in 11-12
Trimming was carried out to branch and after root excavation one week, 3 tons of mu dosage, after uniformly spreading fertilizer over the fields, screws in underground using rotary cultivator the moon,
Improve soil organic matter content, increases soil fertility.
The base manure be 100 parts of pig manure, 80 parts of cow dung, 80 parts of methane tank residue, 60 parts of fermentation residue, mixed fermentation 2
Month.
The spice all over the mountain Special slow release fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Sesame oil is decocted medicinal herbs or refined to spice all over the mountain branches and leaves
350 parts of residue, spice all over the mountain fallen leaves 250 parts of powder, 300 parts of spice all over the mountain woods weeds powder, 120 parts of alga fertilizer, potassium humate 200 afterwards
Part, 150 parts of montmorillonite and 200 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.
The organic fertilizer is 100 parts of furfural dregs, 40 parts of flyash, 50 parts of peanut press pulp, 60 parts of eucalyptus branches and leaves powder, fish pond mud
100 parts.
Embodiment 3
A kind of engrafting and cultivating method of spice all over the mountain includes the following steps：
（1）Cultivate spice all over the mountain seedling：The seed of strong, the disease-resistant spice all over the mountain of well developed root system, limb is selected, it is quick using tissue culture
Propagation method breeds healthy and strong, well developed root system tissue-cultured seedling as seedling.
（2）Grafting：When the long supreme 15~20cm of seedling, root diameter thick 1.5~2.5cm, at 8~12cm of ground
It cuts and stays stake, select the wild spice all over the mountain fringe bar with full axillary-bud or top-bud, grafted using T-shaped bud grafting method：
1）Select a full bud in scion, the first horizontal partial application at 0.5cm above the bud, as deep as xylem, long incision 0.8cm, then
A upward knife of splaying, knife will cut xylem, cut always to the first knife notch and meet at 1.5cm under bud, remove slightly wooden
The bud tablets in matter portion；
2）A straight shiny surface is selected at 6~8cm of stock base portion, size base of being pruned and buddered from bottom to top or from top to bottom with knife
This is identical slightly with the cortex of xylem；
3）It will budder promptly by cutting on oral area position in stock, so that bud tablets and stock forming layer is mutually coincide, with 1.5cm's wide
Bud and stock are cut mouth whole Bao Yan by plastic film tightly wrapping from bottom to top, and bud does not expose；
4）It budders and heals and start sprout timely unbundlings, cut anvil completely, the not cut anvil that do not survive of buddering continues to graft at another place.
（3）Selection of land site preparation：600~1000m of height above sea level is chosen, it is fertile, loose, well-drained to plant spice all over the mountain to tailo；
45~55cm of deep ploughing carried out to soil, applies base manure and spice all over the mountain Special slow release fertilizer, 2 tons of base manure per acre, spice all over the mountain special slow release
5 tons of fertilizer is per acre.
（4）Transplanting：20 days, wound healing and the spice all over the mountain seedling balled transplanting for sprouting sprouting, transplanting will be cultivated after grafting
Density is 220~225/mu, and seeding row spacing is 1.5m × 2m；Transplanting depth is 10~15cm, root water is poured after transplanting, later not
It rewaters, until determining root；Sick seedling, dead seedling are removed after 15 days in time, and is filled the gaps with seedlings in time.
（5）Field management：
First Year monthly applies fertilizer, first 6 months monthly top dressing urea, mu dosage 30kg, by urea with 1：10 ratio is substantially soluble in
Root is imposed on by trickle irrigation or sprinkling irrigation in water, seedling is allowed to fully absorb；Formula fertilizer, nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio 25 are imposed within 6 months afterwards：4：
4, mu dosage 45kg, by formula fertilizer with 1：4 ratio, which is substantially soluble in water, imposes on root by trickle irrigation or sprinkling irrigation；Intertillage removes in time
Grass is directly layered on tree root side when continuous sunny by grass, rainy days then directly grass meal is broken be earthed in, as green manure；
Second year, keypoint control subterranean pest-insect impose No. 1 compound pesticide fertilizer of a 5% BM muscardine every two moon, impose medicine fertilizer
When, circular groove is dug at 15~20cm beside seedling, depth is 10~15cm, and every medication fertilizer 1.5kg covers after fertilising
Soil, watering；
Third year and after, annual application organic fertilizer three times, for the first time in 3-4 month, for the second time in the 6-7 month, for the third time in 11-12
Trimming was carried out to branch and after root excavation one week, 2 tons of mu dosage, after uniformly spreading fertilizer over the fields, screws in underground using rotary cultivator the moon,
Improve soil organic matter content, increases soil fertility.
The base manure is 200 parts of pig manure, 120 parts of cow dung, 120 parts of methane tank residue, 80 parts of fermentation residue, mixed fermentation 3
A month.
The spice all over the mountain Special slow release fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Sesame oil is decocted medicinal herbs or refined to spice all over the mountain branches and leaves
200 parts of residue, spice all over the mountain fallen leaves 200 parts of powder, 120 parts of spice all over the mountain woods weeds powder, 100 parts of alga fertilizer, potassium humate 100 afterwards
Part, 80 parts of montmorillonite and 100 parts of polyvinyl alcohol.
The organic fertilizer is 200 parts of furfural dregs, 80 parts of flyash, 80 parts of peanut press pulp, 100 parts of eucalyptus branches and leaves powder, fish pond silt
150 parts of mud.
The applicant has cultivated 2 mu of spice all over the mountain according to the engrafting and cultivating method of embodiment 1 in Hengxian County, cultivates
The photo at spice all over the mountain result initial stage is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of engrafting and cultivating method of spice all over the mountain, which is characterized in that described method includes following steps：
（1）Cultivate spice all over the mountain seedling：The seed of strong, the disease-resistant spice all over the mountain of well developed root system, limb is selected, it is quick using tissue culture
Propagation method breeds healthy and strong, well developed root system tissue-cultured seedling as seedling；
（2）Grafting：When the long supreme 15~20cm of seedling, root diameter thick 1.5~2.5cm, cut at 8~12cm of ground
Stake is stayed, the wild spice all over the mountain fringe bar with full axillary-bud or top-bud is selected, is grafted using T-shaped bud grafting method；
（3）Selection of land site preparation：600~1000m of height above sea level is chosen, it is fertile, loose, well-drained to plant spice all over the mountain to tailo；To soil
Ground carries out 45~55cm of deep ploughing, applies base manure and spice all over the mountain Special slow release fertilizer, 2~3 tons of base manure per acre, spice all over the mountain Special slow release fertilizer
3~5 tons per acre；
（4）Transplanting：20~40 days, wound healing and the spice all over the mountain seedling balled transplanting for sprouting sprouting are cultivated after grafting successfully,
Transplanting Density is 220~225/mu, and seeding row spacing is 1.5m × 2m；Transplanting depth is 10~15cm, pours root water after transplanting, it
It does not rewater afterwards, until determining root；Sick seedling, dead seedling are removed after 15 days in time, and is filled the gaps with seedlings in time；
（5）Field management：
First Year monthly applies fertilizer, first 6 months monthly top dressing urea, mu 30~40kg of dosage, by urea with 1：6~10 ratio
It is substantially soluble in water and root is imposed on by trickle irrigation or sprinkling irrigation, seedling is allowed to fully absorb；Formula fertilizer, n-p-k ratio are imposed within 6 months afterwards
Example is 25：4：4, mu 35~45kg of dosage, by formula fertilizer with 1：4~8 ratio is substantially soluble in water to be applied by trickle irrigation or sprinkling irrigation
In root；Grass is directly layered on tree root side when continuous sunny by timely tillage and weeding, and rainy days is then directly earthed grass meal is broken
In, as green manure；
Second year, keypoint control subterranean pest-insect impose No. 1 compound pesticide fertilizer of 2%~5% BM muscardine every two moon, impose medicine
When fertile, circular groove is dug at 15~20cm beside seedling, depth is 10~15cm, and every medication 1.2~1.5kg of fertilizer has applied fertilizer
Earthing, watering after finishing；
Third year and after, annual application organic fertilizer three times, for the first time in 3-4 month, for the second time in the 6-7 month, for the third time in 11-12
Trimming was carried out to branch and after root excavation one week, 2~3 tons of mu dosage, after uniformly spreading fertilizer over the fields, rotary cultivator is used to screw in ground the moon
Under, improve soil organic matter content, increases soil fertility.
2. the engrafting and cultivating method of spice all over the mountain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the base manure is pig manure 100~200
Part, 80~120 parts of cow dung, 80~120 parts of methane tank residue, 60~80 parts of fermentation residue, mixed fermentation 2~3 months.
3. the engrafting and cultivating method of spice all over the mountain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the spice all over the mountain Special slow release fertilizer by
The raw material of following parts by weight forms：200~350 parts of residue, spice all over the mountain fallen leaves after sesame oil are decocted medicinal herbs or refined to spice all over the mountain branches and leaves
200~250 parts of powder, 100~120 parts of alga fertilizer, 100~200 parts of potassium humate, covers 120~300 parts of spice all over the mountain woods weeds powder
80~150 parts and 100~200 parts of polyvinyl alcohol of de- stone.
4. the artificial method for planting of spice all over the mountain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the organic fertilizer is furfural dregs 100
~200 parts, 40~80 parts of flyash, 50~80 parts of peanut press pulp, 60~100 parts of eucalyptus branches and leaves powder, 100~150 parts of fish pond mud.
5. the engrafting and cultivating method of spice all over the mountain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step（2）It is middle to use T-shaped bud
Connection carries out grafting, and specific step is as follows：
（1）Select a full bud in scion, the first horizontal partial application of 0.5 centimeters above bud, as deep as xylem, long incision 0.8cm,
A upward knife of splaying, knife will cut xylem, cut always to the first knife notch and meet, remove slightly at 1.5cm under bud again
The bud tablets of xylem；
（2）A straight shiny surface is selected at 6~8cm of stock base portion, size of being pruned and buddered from bottom to top or from top to bottom with knife
It is essentially identical slightly with the cortex of xylem；
（3）It will budder promptly by cutting on oral area position in stock, so that bud tablets and stock forming layer is mutually coincide, with 1.5cm wide
Plastic film tightly wrapping from bottom to top, bud and stock are cut into mouth whole Bao Yan, bud does not expose；
（4）It heals completely and start to sprout unbundlings, cut anvil in time, the not cut anvil continuation that do not survive of buddering are transferred at another place wait budder
It connects.
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| CN110651682A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-07 | 韦东 | Sweet potato grafting method |
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