CN108808778A - A kind of intelligent battery charging-discharging structure - Google Patents
A kind of intelligent battery charging-discharging structure Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention belongs to accumulator cell charging and discharging apparatus field more particularly to a kind of intelligent battery charging-discharging structures.The intelligent battery charging-discharging structure of the present invention is by simplifying circuit structure, by the way that Each part is isolated, using multiplexing structure, on the basis for realizing charge and discharge monitoring management, reduce circuit cost, safety is improved, the accumulator cell charging and discharging equipment and scheme to design highly effective and safe provide the foundation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to accumulator cell charging and discharging apparatus field more particularly to a kind of intelligent battery charging-discharging structures.
Background technology
DC power-supply system is configured with accumulator group and is strict at present, all electric power storages configured in same straight-flow system
Pond should use same brand, with model even with the accumulator group of batch, to reduce the intersexuality of accumulator group or single battery
It can harmful effect of the difference to DC power-supply system safe operation.Traditional accumulator charging/discharging process is the control based on people
Journey.Carry out the operation of charge and discharge to accumulator in specific environment by professional.Do so can not only expend a large amount of manpower,
Material resources and financial resources are also resulted in and are substantially reduced to battery service efficiency.With semiconductor technology, computer technology, communication
The appearance and fast development of technology and respective handling algorithm, the charge and discharge process and the more and more unmanned and intelligence of maintenance of accumulator
Energyization.Accumulator cell charging and discharging managing device used at present is typically all the charging and discharging curve according to accumulator, according to electric power storage
The SOC amounts in pond to carry out management of charging and discharging to accumulator.The problem of doing so is algorithm complexity, and computationally intensive, cost is relatively
Height can not effectively realize the maintenance to accumulator, to effectively extend the service life of accumulator.And it continually fills
Electric discharge can also damage accumulator, to influence the service life of accumulator.On the other hand, accumulator can be used for certain
Unattended place, if special messenger is sent to safeguard, not only heavy workload, while can also reduce the safety of accumulator.
Invention content
The purpose of the invention is, provides a kind of safer and more effective accumulator cell charging and discharging structure, isolation it is dangerous because
Element, the problems such as preventing short circuit or voltage from sealing in, improve the safety of chip in equipment.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that.
A kind of intelligent battery charging-discharging structure, including series-connected batteries,
Include the main control chip for handling data, the main control chip is equipped with the I/O data end for connecting external circuit
Mouthful, it is used for the timer of output pwm signal, for realizing the ADC of voltage detecting；
Include for the power module for each chip and module for power supply, the power module includes the first power supply, and second
Power supply and accessory power supply, the first power supply include for the LM2940S voltage stabilizing chips as power supply chip, LM2940S voltage stabilizing cores
The IN input terminals of piece are connected to the external dc power of 6~15V, and it is defeated that CT1 is equipped between the IN input terminals and the ends GND of LM2940S
Enter tantalum capacitance, CT2 is equipped between the OUT input terminals and the ends GND of LM2940S and exports tantalum capacitance, CT1 inputs tantalum capacitance and CT2 is defeated
Going out tantalum capacitance both sides, also bridging is useful for eliminating the filter capacitor C23 and C24 of high-frequency signal respectively；Second source includes
AMS1117 voltage-stablizers, the input signal of the OUT terminal output signal of the first power supply as the ends IN of AMS1117, the IN of AMS1117
It is additionally provided with filter capacitor C22 between end and the ends GND；It is connected between the OUT output ends of AMS1117 voltage-stablizers and the ends GND in parallel
Export tantalum capacitance CT3 and filter capacitor C21；Accessory power supply includes LM5010 voltage stabilizing chips, and in LM5010 voltage stabilizing chips, SW draws
Foot is used for voltage output, and FB pins are connected to the comparator in chip as feedback pin；
Include the temperature detecting module for carrying out temperature detection to environment temperature and accumulator group, temperature detecting module
Including the DS1820 sensors being arranged on each accumulator, the DS1820 sensors carry is in same root bus and by total
Line is connected to the I/O data port of LM2940S；
Include the voltage detection module for carrying out voltage detecting to series connection accumulator, voltage detection module includes that partial pressure is controlled
Circuit and voltage isolation circuit processed；Pressure control circuit includes more for realizing the isolation control of the gating to potential-divider network
A TPL179D light coupling relays, TPL179D light coupling relays；4 feet of each TPL179D light coupling relays are respectively connected to each storage
1 foot of the anode of battery, each TPL179D light coupling relays is respectively connected to the I/O port of main control chip STM32；STM32 passes through each
I/O port controls the break-make of each light coupling relay；Voltage isolation circuit is by one NCNR201 and two accurate amplifier of linear optical coupling
OPA2180 is constituted, and two accurate amplifier OPA2180 constitute isolation input circuit and spacing output circuit with NCNR201 respectively；
In isolation input circuit, the output voltage of bleeder circuit is input to the ends+INA of the A amplifiers of the first OPA2180, output end
OUTA passes through resistance Rr2The ends-INA of A amplifiers are connected to, the output end of the A amplifiers of the first OPA2180 passes through current-limiting resistance Rr1
It is connected to LED anodes power supply so that LED shines of NCNR201 afterwards；After LED shines, two diode PD1 in NCNR201 and
PD2 generates induced current respectively, and the electric current that PD1 is generated introduces the ends+INB of the B amplifiers of the first OPA2180 after resistance RH1；
In spacing output circuit, the induced current that PD2 is generated passes through resistance RH2 and Rr4Connect the ends+INA of the 2nd OPA2180, second
The ends OUTA of OPA2180 are through resistance Rr5It connects its end-INA and constitutes voltage follower, the output voltage V of the voltage followerA1
It is connected to the ADC pins of main control chip；
Including current detection module, current detection module is made of linear current sensing IC ACS712 and the 3rd OPA2180,
Two IP- pins of ACS712 are connected to the anode of accumulator group, and the output end VIOUT of ACS712 is sequentially connected divider resistance Rc1
And Rc2After be grounded, output end output voltage V are drawn among two divider resistancescr；VcrThe ends+INB of the 3rd OPA2180 are accessed,
VcrIt is converted into V by B amplifiersA2The thief hatch of STM32 is accessed afterwards.
Further, intelligent battery charging-discharging structure of the invention further includes the DS3231 clock cores for carrying out timing
Piece and AT24C32 pin-saving chips for storing data, two chips access 3.3V voltages, and carry is same
In a I2C buses；A0, A1, A2 pin of wherein AT24C32 is connected to high level；The VBAT pins of DS3231 connect accumulator
Group power supply；.
Further, it further includes first power supply to be advanced optimized to the intelligent battery charging-discharging structure of the present invention
Output voltage is 5V, and the second source output voltage is 3.3V, and the accessory power supply exports 12V and 5V voltages, the voltage
The first OPA2180 in detection module is powered using 12V accessory power supplys, and the 2nd OPA2180 is powered using 5V accessory power supplys.
Further, it further includes the current detecting to be advanced optimized to the intelligent battery charging-discharging structure of the present invention
In module, divider resistance Rc2Also it is parallel with filter capacitor C32。
Advantage is：
Power module provides the foundation for the stable operation of each chip and total, passes through the design pair of multiple power supplys
The demand of different voltages grade carries out matching satisfaction, mutually isolated between each power supply, effectively prevent between power supply and equipment it
Between abnormal problem cascading effect, by stablize output design and filtration to input/output signal carry out effective protection
And isolation, improve the accuracy stability of signal；The temperature sensing module of serial bus structure can effectively reduce I/O port resource
Demand reduce there may be the interface number of error while saving total resource requirement, improve structural behaviour,
Installation effectiveness is improved, the workload of Maintenance Design is reduced；Isolated voltage and current detection module, ensure that total
Safety, point control design case realize the multiplexing of detection circuit, reduce circuit cost.The intelligent battery charging-discharging structure of the present invention
By simplifying circuit structure, by the way that Each part is isolated, using multiplexing structure, the basis of charge and discharge monitoring management is being realized
On, circuit cost is reduced, safety is improved, the accumulator cell charging and discharging equipment and scheme to design highly effective and safe provide base
Plinth.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure Organization Chart of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure principle chart of the first power supply in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structure principle chart of second source in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structure principle chart of accessory power supply in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structure principle chart of pressure control circuit in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is voltage isolation circuit structure principle chart in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates to the invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
The present invention intelligent battery charging-discharging structure embodiment specific Organization Chart as shown in Figure 1, its mainly by controlling
Coremaking piece, temperature sensing circuit, current detection circuit, voltage detecting circuit are constituted, and other structures further include display circuit, communication
Circuit and storage and clock module circuit etc..To ensure that system safety, voltage, current detecting are carried out using partition method, with
The problems such as preventing circuit because short-circuit, causes battery voltage to seal in, and chip is caused largely to burn.
Using STM32F32F103RCT6 as main control chip in the present embodiment, main control chip core peripheral circuit mainly wraps
It includes for realizing the circuit of the functions such as clock, reset, BOOT, JTAG.
Due to needing the power supply using multiple and different grades in the present invention to meet the voltage need of each chip and each module
It asks, therefore the power module of the present invention includes the first power supply (as shown in Figure 2), second source (as shown in Figure 3) and auxiliary electricity
Source (as shown in Figure 4), the first power supply include for the LM2940S voltage stabilizing chips as power supply chip, LM2940S voltage stabilizing chips
IN input terminals are connected to the external dc power of 6~15V, and CT1 is equipped between the IN input terminals and the ends GND of LM2940S and inputs tantalum
Capacitance is equipped with CT2 and exports tantalum capacitance between the OUT input terminals and the ends GND of LM2940S, CT1 inputs tantalum capacitance and CT2 exports tantalum
Also bridging is useful for eliminating the filter capacitor C23 and C24 of high-frequency signal respectively for capacitance both sides；Second source includes AMS1117 steady
Depressor, the input signal of the OUT terminal output signal of the first power supply as the ends IN of AMS1117, the ends IN and the ends GND of AMS1117
Between be additionally provided with filter capacitor C22；Output tantalum capacitance in parallel is connected between the OUT output ends of AMS1117 voltage-stablizers and the ends GND
CT3 and filter capacitor C21；Accessory power supply includes LM5010 voltage stabilizing chips, and in LM5010 voltage stabilizing chips, SW pins are used for voltage
Output, FB pins are connected to the comparator in chip as feedback pin；
The operating voltage of chip in design is different, and main control chip STM32F32F103RCT6 needs 3.3V to power,
And the structures such as chip in current detection circuit and display module need 5V power supplys to be powered, the electricity in voltage detection module
Road needs individually to power to realize that electric appliance is isolated with 12V the and 5V accessory power supplys of above-mentioned 5V, 3.3V isolated from power, prevents phase
Mutually interference.
The first Power Selection LM2940S-5.0 voltage stabilizing chips in the present embodiment are as 5V power supply control chips, the power supply
The input terminal of control chip is powered using external power supplies such as the battery of 6V~15V voltage class or DC power supplies, LM2940S
IN input terminals and the ends GND between be equipped with CT1 input tantalum capacitance, between the OUT input terminals and the ends GND of LM2940S be equipped with CT2
Export tantalum capacitance, C23 and C24 are filter capacitor and in parallel with CT1 and CT2 respectively, are done for filtering out the high frequency in input and output
Signal is disturbed, the accuracy of signal is improved.
Second source includes AMS1117 voltage-stablizers, the ends IN of the OUT terminal output signal of the first power supply as AMS1117
Input signal is additionally provided with filter capacitor C22 between the ends IN and the ends GND of AMS1117；The OUT output ends of AMS1117 voltage-stablizers
It is as shown in Figure 3 that output tantalum capacitance CT3 and filter capacitor C21, physical circuit in parallel is connected between the ends GND；Auxiliary electricity
Source can be powered by series connection lead-acid battery group, and wide input voltage step-down switching voltage stabilizing chip LM5010 assists electricity as 12V
Source chip；Auxiliary power circuit is used to export 5V the and 12V voltages being isolated with the first power supply and second source, wherein LM5010's
2 foot SW are voltage output pin；9 foot FB are output feedback pin, are connected to chip interior adjusting and overvoltage comparator；Rs1 is
Feedback sample resistance, by the output voltage for adjusting itself and the adjustable LM5010 of proportionate relationship of Rs2, Rs3.
Temperature detecting module needs to be detected (including environment temperature and battery temp) to multiple temperature datas, is
Main control chip I/O port resource is saved, design carries out temperature detection using DS1820 sensors, and DS18B20 is a kind of monobus temperature
Spend sensor, can the mode of the online multiple DS18B20 of carry temperature detection is carried out to multiple accumulators in accumulator group
Voltage detection module in the present invention for carrying out voltage detecting to series connection accumulator, voltage detection module include point
Press control circuit (as shown in Figure 5) and voltage isolation circuit (as shown in Figure 6)；Pressure control circuit includes for realizing right
The isolation of the gating of potential-divider network controls multiple TPL179D light coupling relays, TPL179D light coupling relays；Each TPL179D light
4 feet of coupling relay are respectively connected to the anode of each accumulator, and 1 foot of each TPL179D light coupling relays is respectively connected to master control
The I/O port of chip；STM32 controls the break-make of each light coupling relay by each I/O port；Voltage isolation circuit is by linear optical coupling one
NCNR201 and two accurate amplifier OPA2180 is constituted, and two accurate amplifier OPA2180 are isolated with NCNR201 compositions defeated respectively
Enter circuit and spacing output circuit；In isolation input circuit, the output voltage of bleeder circuit is input to the first OPA2180's
The ends+INA of A amplifiers, output end OUTA pass through resistance Rr2The ends-INA of A amplifiers are connected to, the A amplifiers of the first OPA2180
Output end passes through current-limiting resistance Rr1It is connected to LED anodes power supply so that LED shines of NCNR201 afterwards；After LED shines, NCNR201
Two interior diodes PD1 and PD2 generate induced current respectively, and the electric current that PD1 is generated introduces first after resistance RH1
The ends+INB of the B amplifiers of OPA2180；In spacing output circuit, the induced current that PD2 is generated passes through resistance RH2 and Rr4Connection
The ends+INA of 2nd OPA2180, the ends OUTA of the 2nd OPA2180 are through resistance Rr5It connects its end-INA and constitutes voltage follower, institute
State the output voltage V of voltage followerA1It is connected to the ADC pins of main control chip；
Particularly, since rear class isolation conversion circuit input voltage will be less than the sampling ceiling voltage of main control chip, to make
The output voltage for obtaining bleeder circuit is maintained at zone of reasonableness, when needing according to highest terminal voltage when battery charging and electric discharge
The minimum terminal voltage of accumulator group is adjusted the design parameter of circuit.To put forward wireline inspection precision, reduce because of resistance error
With temperature drift and caused by error, Low Drift Temperature precision resistance is used in circuit.
Current detection module is made of linear current sensing IC ACS712 and the 3rd OPA2180, and two IP- of ACS712 draw
Foot is connected to the anode of accumulator group, and the output end VIOUT of ACS712 is sequentially connected divider resistance Rc1And Rc2After be grounded, two
Output end output voltage V is drawn among divider resistancecr；VcrAccess the ends+INB of the 3rd OPA2180, VcrIt is converted by B amplifiers
At VA2It is followed by the thief hatch into main control chip.
It is the ACS712ELCTR-20A of 20A as current detecting that range in ACS712 family chips is chosen in the present embodiment
It in electric current be 10A be output voltage is 3.5V or so to chip, is more than the ceiling voltage 3.3V of main control chip AD samplings, is needed pair
It could access Chip Microcomputer A/D sample port after being divided.Using the accurate electricity of precision resistance Rc1, the 30K Ω of 20k Ω in design
Rc2 divides ACS712 output voltages, to ensure that its output voltage does not exceed 3.3V, output voltage Vcr.It will
Partial pressure output Vcr is converted into VA2 after amplifier A2 constitutes voltage follower, is then re-fed into the thief hatch of main control chip, transports
The input resistance put has an impact bleeder circuit negligible.
Finally it should be noted that above example is only to illustrate the technical solution of the invention, rather than to this hair
It is bright create protection domain limitation, although being explained in detail to the invention with reference to preferred embodiment, this field it is general
Lead to it will be appreciated by the skilled person that can be modified or replaced equivalently to the technical solution of the invention, without departing from this
The spirit and scope of innovation and creation technical solution.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of intelligent battery charging-discharging structure, including series-connected batteries, which is characterized in that
Include the main control chip for handling data, the main control chip is equipped with the I/O data port for connecting external circuit,
For the timer of output pwm signal, for realizing the ADC of voltage detecting；
Include for the power module for each chip and module for power supply, the power module includes the first power supply, second source
And accessory power supply, the first power supply include for the LM2940S voltage stabilizing chips as power supply chip, LM2940S voltage stabilizing chips
IN input terminals are connected to the external dc power of 6~15V, and CT1 is equipped between the IN input terminals and the ends GND of LM2940S and inputs tantalum
Capacitance is equipped with CT2 and exports tantalum capacitance between the OUT input terminals and the ends GND of LM2940S, CT1 inputs tantalum capacitance and CT2 exports tantalum
Also bridging is useful for eliminating the filter capacitor C23 and C24 of high-frequency signal respectively for capacitance both sides；Second source includes AMS1117 steady
Depressor, the input signal of the OUT terminal output signal of the first power supply as the ends IN of AMS1117, the ends IN and the ends GND of AMS1117
Between be additionally provided with filter capacitor C22；Output tantalum capacitance in parallel is connected between the OUT output ends of AMS1117 voltage-stablizers and the ends GND
CT3 and filter capacitor C21；Accessory power supply includes LM5010 voltage stabilizing chips, and in LM5010 voltage stabilizing chips, SW pins are used for voltage
Output, FB pins are connected to the comparator in chip as feedback pin；
Include the temperature detecting module for carrying out temperature detection to environment temperature and accumulator group, temperature detecting module includes
The DS1820 sensors being arranged on each accumulator, the DS1820 sensors carry connect in same root bus and by bus
It is connected to the I/O data port of LM2940S；
Include the voltage detection module for carrying out voltage detecting to series connection accumulator, voltage detection module includes partial pressure control electricity
Road and voltage isolation circuit；Pressure control circuit includes multiple for realizing the isolation control of the gating to potential-divider network
TPL179D light coupling relays, TPL179D light coupling relays；4 feet of each TPL179D light coupling relays are respectively connected to each electric power storage
1 foot of the anode in pond, each TPL179D light coupling relays is respectively connected to the I/O port of main control chip；STM32 is controlled by each I/O port
The break-make of each light coupling relay；Voltage isolation circuit is by one NCNR201 and two accurate amplifier OPA2180 structure of linear optical coupling
At two accurate amplifier OPA2180 constitute isolation input circuit and spacing output circuit with NCNR201 respectively；It is defeated being isolated
Enter in circuit, the output voltage of bleeder circuit is input to the ends+INA of the A amplifiers of the first OPA2180, and output end OUTA passes through
Resistance Rr2The ends-INA of A amplifiers are connected to, the output end of the A amplifiers of the first OPA2180 passes through current-limiting resistance Rr1After be connected to
LED anodes power supply so that LED shines of NCNR201；After LED shines, two diodes PD1 and PD2 in NCNR201 are produced respectively
Raw induced current, the electric current that PD1 is generated introduce the ends+INB of the B amplifiers of the first OPA2180 after resistance RH1；It is defeated being isolated
Go out in circuit, the induced current that PD2 is generated passes through resistance RH2 and Rr4Connect the ends+INA of the 2nd OPA2180, the 2nd OPA2180
The ends OUTA through resistance Rr5It connects its end-INA and constitutes voltage follower, the output voltage V of the voltage followerA1It is connected to
The ADC pins of main control chip；
Including current detection module, current detection module is made of linear current sensing IC ACS712 and the 3rd OPA2180,
Two IP- pins of ACS712 are connected to the anode of accumulator group, and the output end VIOUT of ACS712 is sequentially connected divider resistance Rc1
And Rc2After be grounded, output end output voltage V are drawn among two divider resistancescr；VcrAccess the ends+INB of the 3rd OPA2180, Vcr
It is converted into V by B amplifiersA2It is followed by the thief hatch into main control chip.
2. a kind of intelligent battery charging-discharging structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that include for carrying out timing
DS3231 clock chips and AT24C32 pin-saving chips for storing data, two chips access 3.3V voltages, and
And carry is in the same I2C buses；A0, A1, A2 pin of wherein AT24C32 is connected to high level；The VBAT of DS3231 draws
Foot connects the power supply of accumulator group.
3. a kind of intelligent battery charging-discharging structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first power supply output electricity
Pressure is 5V, and the second source output voltage is 3.3V, and the accessory power supply exports 12V and 5V voltages, the voltage detecting mould
First OPA2180 in the block is powered using 12V accessory power supplys, and the 2nd OPA2180 is powered using 5V accessory power supplys.
4. a kind of intelligent battery charging-discharging structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the current detection module
In, divider resistance Rc2Also it is parallel with filter capacitor C32。
5. a kind of intelligent battery charging-discharging structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the main control chip refers to
STM32F32F103RCT6。
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| CN201810637352.6A CN108808778B (en) | 2018-06-20 | 2018-06-20 | Intelligent storage battery charging and discharging structure |
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| CN201810637352.6A CN108808778B (en) | 2018-06-20 | 2018-06-20 | Intelligent storage battery charging and discharging structure |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110567603A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-13 | 杨柳 | Single ADC multichannel temperature monitoring circuit controlled by GPIO |
| CN111639425A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-09-08 | 东风汽车有限公司 | Storage battery starting performance prediction method, storage medium and electronic device |
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