CN108798532B - Balance tool is turned round in pressure in pit - Google Patents

Balance tool is turned round in pressure in pit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108798532B
CN108798532B CN201810544245.9A CN201810544245A CN108798532B CN 108798532 B CN108798532 B CN 108798532B CN 201810544245 A CN201810544245 A CN 201810544245A CN 108798532 B CN108798532 B CN 108798532B
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China
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central tube
hydraulic cylinder
wall
cylinder sleeve
iii
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CN108798532A (en
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韩龙
施连海
高玮
李春吉
徐涛
黄志强
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Great Wall Drilling Co
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Naizhen Liu
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B12/00Accessories for drilling tools
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
    • E21B44/02Automatic control of the tool feed
    • E21B44/04Automatic control of the tool feed in response to the torque of the drive ; Measuring drilling torque

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling, in particular to an underground pressure-torsion balance tool. The device's center tube I is installed in hydraulic cylinder cover, I upper end of center tube be provided with hydraulic cylinder cover inner wall between the sealed boss, connect fender ring I on the center tube I, form damping chamber between I up end of hydraulic cylinder cover and fender ring, II upper end suits of center tube are in the I lower extreme outside of center tube and can reciprocate along center tube I, install elastic mechanism I between II up end of center tube and the fender ring I, II articulates on hydraulic cylinder cover inner wall steps of center tube. The invention can automatically adjust the bit pressure of the bit in real time, limit the drilling torque, further stabilize the tool surface, ensure the build-up rate, reduce the influence of the holding pressure of the drilling tool on the orientation, ensure the stable and high-speed drilling of the bit, reduce the construction risk, and can be widely applied to the drilling construction of highly deviated wells, highly displaced wells and horizontal wells.

Description

Balance tool is turned round in pressure in pit
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling, in particular to an underground pressure-torsion balance tool.
Background art:
in recent years, with the development of drilling technology and the demand for oil and gas field development, directional well drilling technology has become an important way for efficient reservoir development. The PDC drill bit has long service life, high drilling speed and excellent performance, thereby being widely applied. However, the PDC drill bit is greatly affected by the bit pressure, the pump displacement and the change of the lithology of the stratum in the sliding drilling process of the directional well, and when the PDC drill bit drills in the stratum with the characteristics of complicated lithology, staggered hardness and softness, multiple interlayers and the like, the following problems are easy to occur: (1) the torque is too large, the phenomenon of bounce is serious, and strong axial impact can apply too high drilling pressure to the cutting teeth of the drill bit and induce the slip movement, so that the mechanical drilling speed and the footage of a single drill bit are reduced, the possibility of motor braking, equipment failure and abrasion is increased, and certain potential safety hazard is brought to rapid and stable drilling; (2) the tool face is unstable, the tool face needs to be frequently and repeatedly swung for operation, the drilling speed is reduced, and the drilling period is prolonged; (3) the pressure of the drilling tool is supported, the drilling tool is continuously pressurized after the pressure is supported, the drilling pressure can be suddenly released, the drill string slides down unevenly, sometimes, the drill bit suddenly impacts the bottom of the well, even the drill bit and the underground power drilling tool are damaged, the pump can be blocked, the underground potential safety hazard is brought, and the drilling speed, the build-up rate and the safety are seriously influenced. Therefore, a fast drilling tool capable of automatically adjusting the bit pressure and limiting the torque in real time is urgently needed.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a downhole pressure-torsion balance tool, which can automatically adjust the bit pressure of a bit in real time, limit the drilling torque, further stabilize the tool surface, ensure the build-up rate, reduce the influence of the backing pressure of a drilling tool on the orientation, ensure the stable and high-speed drilling of the bit, reduce the construction risk, and can be widely applied to the drilling construction of a highly deviated well, a highly displaced well and a horizontal well. The defects that the existing PDC drill bit is easy to generate the phenomena of overlarge torque, slipping, jumping, unstable tool surface and the like when drilling in a difficult-to-drill stratum are overcome.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a downhole pressure-torsion balance tool comprises an upper joint and a hydraulic cylinder sleeve, wherein the lower end of the upper joint is connected with the hydraulic cylinder sleeve; the central tube I is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder sleeve, the upper end of the central tube I is provided with a boss sealed with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve, the central tube I is connected with the baffle ring I, an upper damping cavity is formed among the central tube I, the hydraulic cylinder sleeve and the upper end surface of the baffle ring I, the upper end of the central tube II is sleeved outside the lower end of the central tube I and can move up and down along the central tube I, an elastic mechanism I is arranged between the upper end surface of the central tube II and the baffle ring I, the central tube II is connected with the step on the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve in a hanging manner, the central tube II can move up and, a lower damping cavity is formed among the central tube I, the hydraulic cylinder sleeve and the upper end face of the central tube II, filling liquid is filled in the lower damping cavity, and a check valve I for allowing liquid to flow into the upper damping cavity from the lower damping cavity and a check valve II for allowing liquid to flow into the lower damping cavity from the upper damping cavity are respectively installed on the baffle ring I;
II lower extremes of center tube connect transition joint, transition joint lower extreme connection sheath II, the transition joint suit in the center tube III outside and with the center tube III between installation thrust bearing I, II lower extreme suits of sheath are in the III outsides of center tube, be provided with key slot mechanism I that has spherical keyway I on the III outer walls of center tube, the design of transition joint lower extreme has key slot mechanism II that has spherical keyway II, install spherical key in corresponding spherical keyway I and the spherical keyway II, the spherical key lower extreme sets up sheath I, I lower extreme of sheath sets up elastic mechanism II, connect fender ring IV on the III outer walls of center tube, keep off and install thrust bearing II between II with the sheath, II suits of thrust bearing are on III center tubes, the lower clutch is connected to III lower extremes of center tube.
The boss at the upper end of the central tube I is limited between the lower end face of the upper joint and the step of the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve.
Seal through sealing washer III between II and the center tube I of center tube, install on II upper end inner walls of center tube and scrape mud ring I.
The central pipe II and the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve are sealed through a sealing ring IV, and a mud scraping ring II is arranged on the outer wall of the central pipe II which is in contact with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve.
And a baffle ring II is arranged between the step of the outer wall of the central tube II and the step of the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve.
And the side wall of the cylinder sleeve is provided with an injection hole communicated with the lower damping cavity, and the injection hole is blocked by a blocking screw.
And the outer wall of the central pipe II is connected with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve through a spline.
The elastic mechanism I and the elastic mechanism II are both springs.
The lower end of the elastic mechanism II is connected with an adjusting ring, the lower end of the adjusting ring is connected with an adjusting screw, the adjusting screw is in threaded connection with a baffle ring III, and the baffle ring III is connected to the outer wall of the central tube III.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can automatically adjust the bit pressure of the bit in real time, limit the drilling torque, further stabilize the tool surface, ensure the build-up rate, reduce the influence of the holding pressure of the drilling tool on the orientation, ensure the stable and high-speed drilling of the bit, reduce the construction risk, and can be widely applied to the drilling construction of highly deviated wells, highly displaced wells and horizontal wells.
Description of the drawings:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a center tube iii.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 3.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the downhole torque balance tool comprises an upper connector 1 and a hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2, wherein the lower end of the upper connector 1 is connected with the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2; the central tube I3 is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2, the upper end of the central tube I3 is provided with a boss sealed with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2, the central tube I3 is connected with a baffle ring I5, an upper damping cavity is formed among the central tube I3, the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2 and the upper end face of the baffle ring I5, the upper end of the central tube II 11 is sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the central tube I3 and can move up and down along the central tube I3, an elastic mechanism I9 is arranged between the upper end face of the central tube II 11 and the baffle ring I5, the central tube II 11 is hung on the step on the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2, the central tube II 11 can move up and down along the hydraulic, a lower damping cavity is formed among the central pipe I3, the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2 and the upper end face of the central pipe II 11, silicone oil is filled in the lower damping cavity, and a check valve I6 allowing liquid to flow into the upper damping cavity from the lower damping cavity and a check valve II 7 allowing liquid to flow into the lower damping cavity from the upper damping cavity are respectively installed on the baffle ring I5;
the lower end of a central tube II 11 is connected with a transition joint 17, the lower end of the transition joint 17 is connected with a sheath II 29, the transition joint 17 is sleeved on the outer side of a central tube III 18 and is provided with a thrust bearing I19 between the transition joint 17 and the central tube III 18, the lower end of the sheath II 29 is sleeved on the outer side of the central tube III 18, a key groove mechanism I31 with a spherical key groove I32 is arranged on the outer wall of the central tube III 18, the lower end of the transition joint 17 is provided with a key groove mechanism II with a spherical key groove II, a spherical key 21 is arranged in the corresponding spherical key groove I32 and the spherical key groove II, the lower end of the spherical key 21 is provided with a sheath I22, the lower end of the sheath I22 is provided with an elastic mechanism II 23, the outer wall of the central tube III 18 is connected with a baffle ring IV 27, a thrust.
The boss at the upper end of the central tube I3 is limited between the lower end face of the upper joint 1 and the step on the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2.
Seal through sealing washer III 12 between II 11 of center tube and the center tube I3, install on II 11 upper end inner walls of center tube and scrape mud ring I13, it is clean to scrape mud ring I13 and be used for scraping mud.
The central pipe II 11 and the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2 are sealed through a sealing ring IV 14, and a mud scraping ring II 15 is arranged on the outer wall of the central pipe II 11 which is in contact with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2. The mud scraping ring II 15 is used for scraping mud and cleaning.
And a baffle ring II 16 is arranged between the step of the outer wall of the central tube II 11 and the step of the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2. The baffle ring II 16 is designed in a two-piece mode and is used for buffering, and rigidity damage of the central tube II 11 and the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2 is avoided.
And the side wall of the cylinder sleeve 2 is provided with an injection hole communicated with the lower damping cavity, and the injection hole is blocked by a blocking screw 10.
The outer wall of the central tube II 11 is connected with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2 through splines.
The elastic mechanism I9 and the elastic mechanism II 23 are both springs.
The lower end of the elastic mechanism II 23 is connected with an adjusting ring 24, the lower end of the adjusting ring 24 is connected with an adjusting screw 26, the adjusting screw 26 is in threaded connection with a baffle ring III 25, and the baffle ring III 25 is connected to the outer wall of the central tube III 18. The strength of the elastic mechanism II 23 can be adjusted by screwing in and out the adjusting screw 26, so that the matching degree among the transition joint 17, the spherical key 21 and the sheath I22 can be adjusted.
The transition joint 17 and the central pipe III 18 are sealed by a sealing ring V20. The boss at the upper end of the central pipe I3 is sealed with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2 through a sealing ring I4. The outer side of the baffle ring I5 and the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2 are sealed through a sealing ring II 8.
The invention can simultaneously realize two functions, namely, bit pressure stabilization and torque limitation. During site drilling construction, the tool is connected above the screw rod, and the specific installation position can be determined according to the actual site situation. After the pipe column is lowered to a specified depth, the pump is started to circulate the slurry, and the slurry generates pressure drop when flowing through the tool and the drilling tool below the tool to form downward thrust so that the tool is in a stretched state. When the upper portion drilling tool applyed the weight of boring downwards, the instrument can upwards exert hydraulic resistance, and one section stroke is contracted in instrument pressurized simultaneously, and II 11 relative fluid cylinder liners 2 of center tube go upward, compression elastic mechanism I9, and the damping chamber reduces down simultaneously, and wherein silicon oil receives the compression, and pressure rising opens check valve I6, and inside partial silicon oil got into the damping chamber with higher velocity of flow, still can receive certain resistance when flowing through check valve I6 to play the energy-absorbing cushioning effect. The pressure of the upper drilling tool, the mud fluid pressure resistance, the compression resistance of the elastic structure and the damping effect of the silicon oil fluid are integrated, so that the bit pressure is effectively transmitted, and the normal drilling is ensured. At this time, the tool is in a compressed state, but the central pipe II 11 does not completely enter the cylinder sleeve 2, and the drill string above the tool is in a suspended state. When the bit pressure is suddenly increased, the actions are repeated, the elastic mechanism I9 continues to compress and stores energy, the silicon oil flows from the lower damping cavity to the upper damping cavity, and the mud hydraulic resistance, the elastic structure compression resistance and the damping effect of the flowing silicon oil play a role in buffering the bit pressure; when the bit pressure is reduced, the energy stored in the elastic mechanism I9 is gradually released, the central pipe II 11 moves downwards relative to the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2 to pressurize the drill bit, the lower damping cavity is enlarged, the silicone oil expands, the pressure of the silicone oil is lower than that of the silicone oil in the upper damping cavity, the one-way valve II 7 is opened, the silicone oil returns to the interior of the lower damping cavity and is also subjected to the resistance of the one-way valve II 7 to play a buffering role. Through the above functions, the tool can absorb or release the bit pressure through the designed hydraulic damping and elastic structure, realize real-time automatic bit pressure matching and keep the bit pressure of the drill bit basically stable. Especially when the pressure supporting phenomenon occurs in the drilling process, the pressure supporting phenomenon can be suddenly released when the drill pressure is continuously increased. Without the pressure-torsion balance tool connected, the sudden release of the holding pressure may cause the drill string to slide down unevenly, sometimes the drill bit suddenly hits the bottom of the well, and even the drill bit and the screw rod are damaged. After the balance tool is connected with the pressure torsion, the tool can effectively absorb the pressure release, so that the instantaneous impact force generated by the pressure release can not be transmitted to the drill bit, the vibration of the tool is reduced, and the bit pressure of the drill bit is stabilized. Therefore, the probability of instability of the tool surface is reduced, the probability of complex underground conditions and construction risks are effectively reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved.
During normal drilling, the drill string can effectively transmit torque, and the torque is transmitted to the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2, the central pipe II 11, the transition joint 17, the spherical key 21, the central pipe III 18 and the lower joint 30 from the upper drilling tool through the upper joint 1 in sequence and is finally transmitted to the lower drilling tool. Torque is transmitted between the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 2 and the central tube II 11 through a spline pair, the transition joint 17, the spherical key 21 and the central tube III 18 form a spherical key transmission structure, and other parts are transmitted by threads. When the torque is too large, the spherical key 21 is withdrawn downwards from the spherical key grooves of the transition joint 17 and the central pipe III 18, the spherical key 21 extrudes the sheath I22 and compresses the elastic mechanism II 23, the transmission structure of the spherical key is damaged, the torque cannot be transmitted between the transition joint 17 and the central pipe III 18, and the drill tool is idle to be protected; when the torque is reduced, the elastic mechanism II 23 extends, the spherical key 21 is pushed into the spherical key grooves of the transition joint 17 and the central tube III 18, the spherical key transmission structure is reestablished, the torque is continuously transmitted, and normal drilling is carried out. Therefore, the tool can effectively limit the drilling torque, and avoid tool damage and other problems caused by overlarge torque.
It should be understood that the detailed description of the present invention is only for illustrating the present invention and is not limited by the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be modified or substituted equally to achieve the same technical effects; as long as the use requirements are met, the method is within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A downhole pressure-torsion balance tool comprises an upper connector (1) and a hydraulic cylinder sleeve (2), wherein the lower end of the upper connector (1) is connected with the hydraulic cylinder sleeve (2); the method is characterized in that: the central tube I (3) is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder sleeve (2), a boss sealed with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve (2) is arranged at the upper end of the central tube I (3), a baffle ring I (5) is connected on the central tube I (3), an upper damping cavity is formed between the central tube I (3), the hydraulic cylinder sleeve (2) and the upper end face of the baffle ring I (5), the upper end of the central tube II (11) is sleeved outside the lower end of the central tube I (3) and can move up and down along the central tube I (3), an elastic mechanism I (9) is arranged between the upper end face of the central tube II (11) and the baffle ring I (5), the central tube II (11) is hung on the inner wall step of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve (2), the central tube II (11) can move up and down along the hydraulic cylinder sleeve (2) and can rotate along the hydraulic cylinder sleeve (2), the lower end face of the baffle ring I (5), the central tube I (3), a lower damping, the lower damping cavity is filled with filling liquid, and the baffle ring I (5) is respectively provided with a one-way valve I (6) which allows the liquid to flow into the upper damping cavity from the lower damping cavity and a one-way valve II (7) which allows the liquid to flow into the lower damping cavity from the upper damping cavity;
the lower end of a central tube II (11) is connected with a transition joint (17), the lower end of the transition joint (17) is connected with a sheath II (29), the transition joint (17) is sleeved on the outer side of the central tube III (18) and a thrust bearing I (19) is arranged between the transition joint and the central tube III (18), the lower end of the sheath II (29) is sleeved on the outer side of the central tube III (18), a key groove mechanism I (31) with a spherical key groove I (32) is arranged on the outer wall of the central tube III (18), a key groove mechanism II with a spherical key groove II is designed at the lower end of the transition joint (17), a spherical key (21) is arranged in the corresponding spherical key groove I (32) and the spherical key groove II, a sheath I (22) is arranged at the lower end of the spherical key (21), an elastic mechanism II (23) is arranged at the lower end of the sheath I (22), a baffle ring IV (27) is connected on, the thrust bearing II (28) is sleeved on the central pipe III (18), and the lower end of the central pipe III (18) is connected with the lower joint (30).
2. The downhole torque balance tool of claim 1, wherein: the boss at the upper end of the central tube I (3) is limited between the lower end face of the upper connector (1) and the step of the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve (2).
3. The downhole torque balance tool of claim 1, wherein: the central tube II (11) and the central tube I (3) are sealed through a sealing ring III (12), and a mud scraping ring I (13) is installed on the inner wall of the upper end of the central tube II (11).
4. The downhole torque balance tool of claim 1, wherein: the central pipe II (11) and the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve (2) are sealed through a sealing ring IV (14), and a mud scraping ring II (15) is installed on the outer wall of the central pipe II (11) which is in contact with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve (2).
5. The downhole torque balance tool of claim 1, wherein: and a baffle ring II (16) is arranged between the step of the outer wall of the central tube II (11) and the step of the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve (2).
6. The downhole torque balance tool of claim 1, wherein: and the side wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve (2) is provided with an injection hole communicated with the lower damping cavity, and the injection hole is blocked by a blocking screw (10).
7. The downhole torque balance tool of claim 1, wherein: and the outer wall of the central tube II (11) is connected with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder sleeve (2) by adopting a spline.
8. The downhole torque balance tool of claim 1, wherein: the elastic mechanism I (9) and the elastic mechanism II (23) are both springs.
9. The downhole torque balance tool of claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the elastic mechanism II (23) is connected with an adjusting ring (24), the lower end of the adjusting ring (24) is connected with an adjusting screw (26), the adjusting screw (26) is in threaded connection with a retaining ring III (25), and the retaining ring III (25) is connected to the outer wall of the central tube III (18).
CN201810544245.9A 2018-05-31 2018-05-31 Balance tool is turned round in pressure in pit Active CN108798532B (en)

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109854166B (en) * 2019-03-06 2020-04-28 长江大学 Double-buffering drilling pressure automatic control tool for electric drilling
WO2020221010A1 (en) * 2019-04-30 2020-11-05 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Reaction torque automatic balancing device for screw drilling tool, and drilling pipe string and method
CN112983255B (en) * 2019-12-16 2022-02-01 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Drilling tool and method for determining parameters thereof
CN112096308B (en) * 2020-10-20 2022-05-13 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 Buffer instantaneous pressure reduction short section for PDC drill bit

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2035792U (en) * 1988-09-12 1989-04-12 大庆石油管理局钻井研究所 Two-way damper for drilling tool
CN102678059A (en) * 2012-05-15 2012-09-19 中国石油天然气集团公司 Energy storage protection tool of mechanical drilling tool
CN205135465U (en) * 2015-12-06 2016-04-06 长江大学 Weight on bit nipple joint can be regulated and control to nearly drill bit

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB201412778D0 (en) * 2014-07-18 2014-09-03 Siceno S A R L Torque control apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2035792U (en) * 1988-09-12 1989-04-12 大庆石油管理局钻井研究所 Two-way damper for drilling tool
CN102678059A (en) * 2012-05-15 2012-09-19 中国石油天然气集团公司 Energy storage protection tool of mechanical drilling tool
CN205135465U (en) * 2015-12-06 2016-04-06 长江大学 Weight on bit nipple joint can be regulated and control to nearly drill bit

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Effective date of registration: 20200916

Address after: 100120 Beijing Xicheng District six laying Kang

Co-patentee after: China National Petroleum Corporation Great Wall Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.

Patentee after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp.

Address before: 124010 Xinglongtai, Liaoning Province, oil street, No. 96, No.

Patentee before: China National Petroleum Corporation Great Wall Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.