CN1087951A - Method and apparatus with the ore direct steelmaking - Google Patents
Method and apparatus with the ore direct steelmaking Download PDFInfo
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- CN1087951A CN1087951A CN 92113519 CN92113519A CN1087951A CN 1087951 A CN1087951 A CN 1087951A CN 92113519 CN92113519 CN 92113519 CN 92113519 A CN92113519 A CN 92113519A CN 1087951 A CN1087951 A CN 1087951A
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of method and apparatus with the ore direct steelmaking.Present method is earlier ore to be reduced into sponge iron with reducing gas, then with high-temperature sponge iron with the isolated situation of ambient atmosphere under send into melting chamber and be fused into liquid state, add slag former and remove harmful element, add an amount of carbon again behind the deslagging and alloying element promptly obtains required molten steel.Use the steelmaking equipment of present method to form by ore reduction chamber, reducing gas generation chamber and working chamber.Isolate with chute between reduction chamber and reducing gas generation chamber, reducing gas enters the reduction chamber with ore reduction by the pore of chute bottom surface, directly enters the melting chamber fusing through chute again.
Description
The invention belongs to process for making and equipment, is a kind of method and apparatus of directly making steel with ore.
At present ore smelting is become the steel capital to finish, promptly earlier ore is smelted into the pig iron in blast furnace, again the pig iron is smelted into steel in oxygen coverter through reduction and two stages of oxidation.Because blast furnace ironmaking is with smeltings that mixes such as ore and coke, solvents, and has also infiltrated impurity such as a large amount of carbon and phosphorus, sulphur when iron is reduced inevitably, what obtain is the pig iron rather than steel.Obtaining steel must remove carbon too much in the pig iron and impurity such as phosphorus, sulphur with the method for oxidation.At present converter oxygen steelmaking technologies that adopt with pig iron smelting Cheng Gang more.Existing this smelting technology process from the ore to the steel comprises the sintering or the links such as pellet roasting, blast furnace ironmaking, system oxygen and converter steelmaking of coke production, raw material, its long flow path, and operation is many, and the consumption of the energy and facility investment are very big.Can reduce existing process for producing steel and iron operation, shorten to smelt the flow process time be one of problem of inquiring into of metallurgists.
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly directly be smelt the method and the equipment thereof of steel with ore, this method for making steel need not through aforesaid oxidation stage, and can directly ore be smelt steel in a smelting equipment.
The main design of the method for making steel that the present invention proposes is: ore only contacts with high temperature reduction gas, with the ore preheating and be reduced into metallic iron, also claim sponge iron, then the sponge iron under the condition of high temperature is fused into liquid state, add alloying element more as required, required molten steel.
The concrete steps of method for making steel proposed by the invention are as follows:
(1) operation from up to down in the superior part holding chamber of ore in stove,
(2) bottom holds indoor coal generation high temperature reduction gas in stove, and upper and lower room is isolated with slant chute,
(3) to enter superior part holding chamber up for the pore of high temperature reduction gas by above-mentioned chute bottom, with the ore preheating and be reduced into sponge iron,
(4) sponge iron under the high temperature with the isolated state of ambient atmosphere under enter melting chamber fusing, the fuel of melting chamber is the high temperature reduction gas of drawing from from aforementioned stove internal upper part room,
(5) add slag former to melting chamber and remove harmful element, add required carbon again behind the deslagging and alloying element promptly obtains required molten steel.
Ore only contacts with reducing gas in the method, so can not contain too much carbon and impurity such as phosphorus, sulphur in institute's reductive sponge iron.Can in the fusing slag making, be removed as for the carbamate additives for low phosphorus of being brought in the ore, sulphur and impurity.
The used reducing gas of present method can be to be the water-gas that contains carbon monoxide and hydrogen that raw material produced with the coal, and it is up that their pores bottom slant chute enter superior part holding chamber, and its temperature can reach more than 900 ℃.Ore in the superior part holding chamber contacts with high temperature reduction gas in descending process and is preheated, and is reduced into metallic iron, i.e. sponge iron, and the sponge iron under this condition of high temperature enters the melting chamber fusing along chute.As previously mentioned, the content of carbon, phosphorus, sulphur is few in this sponge iron, so promptly obtain containing the low liquid steel of carbon electrode after sponge iron fusing is removed slag, promptly obtains required molten steel after adding an amount of carbon and alloying element again.
Use the steelmaking equipment of the method for the invention to comprise ore reduction chamber, reducing gas generation chamber and melting chamber.The reduction chamber is positioned at upper of furnace body, and its bottom is provided with the slant chute of leading to melting chamber, is provided with cutting agency and hot baffle in the chute exit; The reducing gas generation chamber is positioned at the bottom of body of heater, and communicates with the reduction chamber by many venting holes of above-mentioned chute bottom surface, and the upper lateral part of this reducing gas generation chamber is provided with defeated device for coal, and the bottom is provided with residue extraction machine; Melting chamber is positioned at the lower side or the bottom of body of heater, is provided with the pressure guiding pipe that the furnace gas that reduction is indoor feeds melting chamber at the middle part of reduction chamber.Ore enters the reduction chamber and is reduced to sponge iron from the body of heater top, enter melting chamber by chute then and dissolve.The reducing gas generation chamber is equivalent to a producer gas generator.The furnace interior branch of chute is the public interface of reduction chamber and reducing gas generation chamber, and coal is that the side from the reducing gas generation chamber is admitted to the reducing gas generation chamber, and the reducing gas that is produced enters the reduction chamber by the pore on the chute bottom surface.Reducing gas will consume a part in reduction ore process, but still has CO, the H of suitable content in the furnace gas at middle part, reduction chamber
2Therefore gas, introduced the melting chamber burning with pressure guiding pipe with this part high-temperature furnace gas and still can be produced very high calorific value, is enough to high-temperature sponge iron is melted.Be to prevent that the high temperature width of cloth from penetrating and controlling the inlet of sponge iron in the exit that chute leads to melting chamber, be provided with hot baffle and cutting agency.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing content of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is steelmaking equipment one-piece construction figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the partial view at Figure 1A-A place.
Fig. 3 is the stereographic map that chute divides at furnace interior.
Fig. 4 is the cutting agency synoptic diagram of chute.
Fig. 5 is the defeated device for coal structure iron of reducing gas generation chamber.
As shown in Figure 1: steelmaking equipment of the present invention is made up of reduction chamber 2, reducing gas generation chamber 3 and melting chamber 4 three parts.Reduction chamber 2 is positioned at the top of body of heater 1, and reducing gas generation chamber 3 is positioned at the bottom of body of heater 1.Isolate by ceramic slant chute 6 and divider wall 5 between reduction chamber 2 and the reducing gas generation chamber 3, its structure such as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3: divider wall 5 is an inverted-V-shaped, roof as same two face tilts, be slant chute 6 between two divider walls, have four slant chutes in the stove, per two chutes unite two into one after extending to outside the stove, lead to melting chamber 4.The stove outside of chute 6 is divided into airtight tubular, in case outer Jie's atmosphere enters.Chute 6 has some pores 7 in the bottom surface that furnace interior divides, and its diameter should be less than the granularity of ore, and the inclination angle of chute 6 bottom surfaces the angle of horizontal plane (promptly with) more than or equal to 60 ℃, is beneficial to the descending of ore and sponge iron.
Reducing gas generation chamber 3 is actually a producer gas generator, coal is in inlet 8 inlet chambers of upper side, air loop duct (not drawing among the figure) and a plurality of blast inlet 9 are equipped with in its underpart, residue extraction machine 10 is equipped with in the bottom, cinder behind the coal combustion is discharged by residue extraction machine, and water is flushed in the slag bath under closed state.Defeated device for coal 11 is by hopper 12, spiral propeller 13 and be positioned at the seal gas device 14 of hopper 12 outlets between entering the mouth with spiral propeller 13 and form, seal gas device 14 can adopt existing vane-type or disc type envelope gas device, its structure as shown in Figure 5, coal is sent into hopper 12 by rotary conveyor 15, enter thruster 13 through seal gas device 14, be pushed in the reducing gas generation chamber 3.Temperature and gaseous constituent in order to regulate reducing gas spray into water vapor in the high-temperature zone, the water-gas that the reducing gas that is produced is made up of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.Because defeated coal and deslagging all carry out under closed state, so the reducing gass in the generation chamber 3 have certain pressure, and its temperature can reach about 950 ℃, and it is up that this reducing gas will enter reduction chamber 2 by the pore 7 of chute 6 bottom surfaces.
The superstructure of reduction chamber 2 is similar to existing blast furnace, and ore adds in the stove from the top, in descending process, contact with the high temperature reduction gas that rises, and the limit preheating, series of chemical is carried out on the limit, is reduced into sponge iron:
Fe
2O
3+CO→Fe+CO
2
Fe
3O
4+CO→Fe+CO
2
FeO+CO→Fe+CO
2
FeO+H
2→Fe+H
2O
Fe
3O
4+H
2→Fe+H
2O
The smooth groove 6 of sponge iron under the condition of high temperature enters melting chamber 4.Two melting chambers are arranged in this example, divide the both sides be located at reducing gas generation chamber 3, also can only establish a melting chamber, be placed on reducing gas generation chamber 3 below.In order to control the inlet of sponge iron, be provided with vibration cutting agency 16 in the exit of chute 6, its structure is as shown in Figure 4.This cutting agency is made up of the vibration loose-leaf board 18 and the adjusting screw(rod) 19 that are hinged on the bearing pin 17.Bearing pin 17 links with the vibrator (not drawing among the figure) of chute outside, and vibrator drives loose-leaf board 18 vibrations by bearing pin 17, impels sponge iron to pass through from the opening between loose-leaf board 18 ends and chute walls, and the aperture size of loose-leaf board 18 is regulated by screw rod 19.Below loose-leaf board 18, also be provided with the hot baffle 20 that multiple tracks staggers mutually, cutting agency 16 burnt out in case the high temperature width of cloth in the melting chamber 4 is penetrated heat.In addition, vibration cutting agency 16 around also all adopted the water-cooled protection.The fuel of melting chamber 4 is reducing gass of introducing through pressure guiding pipe 21 from the middle part of reduction chamber 2, reducing gas temperature herein is about 800 ℃, feed warm air again at inlet 21 places and make its burning, temperature can reach 1700 ℃, waste gas is discharged as previously mentioned by the discharge outlet 22 at top, owing to only contacting the whole process that becomes sponge iron from ore reduction with reducing gas, sponge iron is again to enter the melting chamber fusing under closed state, slag iron gravity separation behind the adding flux, resulting is the very low liquid iron of carbon containing, adds an amount of carbon and alloying element more as required and stirs and promptly obtain required molten steel.
Steelmaking process of the present invention has only reduction and two stages of fusing, and carries out continuously, and the reducing gas in the stove is fully utilized, so energy consumption is very low, with short production cycle, and cost is low.Steelmaking process of the present invention carries out under closed state basically, and reduction all is the reducing gas that utilizes closed producer to produce with fusing, and is therefore, very little to the pollution of environment.Steelmaking equipment of the present invention can collect reduction and be molten into one, and investment cost is low, takes up an area of to lack, and its off-set facility also significantly reduces.Except new investing to build, also can on existing blast furnace foundation, transform, to utilize technology of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of method with the ore direct steelmaking,
(1) operation from up to down in the superior part holding chamber of ore in stove,
(2) bottom holds indoor coal generation high temperature reduction gas in stove, and upper and lower room is isolated with slant chute,
(3) to enter superior part holding chamber up for the pore of high temperature reduction gas by above-mentioned chute bottom, with the ore preheating and be reduced into sponge iron,
(4) sponge iron under the high temperature with the isolated state of ambient atmosphere under enter melting chamber fusing, the fuel of melting chamber is the high temperature reduction gas of drawing from from aforementioned stove internal upper part room,
(5) add slag former to melting chamber and remove harmful element, add required carbon again behind the deslagging and alloying element promptly obtains required molten steel.
2, a kind of steelmaking equipment that uses the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising ore reduction chamber (2), reducing gas generation chamber (3) and melting chamber (4), reduction chamber (2) is positioned at body of heater (1) top, its bottom is provided with the slant chute (6) of leading to melting chamber (4), be provided with cutting agency (16) and hot baffle (20) in the chute exit, reducing gas generation chamber (3) is positioned at the bottom of body of heater, and the many venting holes (7) by above-mentioned chute (6) bottom surface communicate with reduction chamber (2), the upper lateral part of this reducing gas generation chamber (3) is provided with defeated device for coal (11), the bottom is provided with residue extraction machine (10), melting chamber (4) is positioned at the lower side or the bottom of body of heater, is provided with the pressure guiding pipe that the furnace gas in the reduction chamber (2) is fed melting chamber (4) at the middle part of reduction chamber (2).
3, steelmaking equipment as claimed in claim 2, the inclination angle that it is characterized in that said chute (6) bottom surface is more than or equal to 60 °.
4,, it is characterized in that said cutting agency (16) is made up of the vibration loose-leaf board (18) and the adjusting screw(rod) (19) that are hinged on the bearing pin (17) as claim 2 or 3 described steelmaking equipments.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92113519 CN1087951A (en) | 1992-12-05 | 1992-12-05 | Method and apparatus with the ore direct steelmaking |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92113519 CN1087951A (en) | 1992-12-05 | 1992-12-05 | Method and apparatus with the ore direct steelmaking |
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|---|---|
| CN1087951A true CN1087951A (en) | 1994-06-15 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92113519 Pending CN1087951A (en) | 1992-12-05 | 1992-12-05 | Method and apparatus with the ore direct steelmaking |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101560580B (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-12-29 | 邢传一 | New iron-making and steel-making process by one-step method and equipment thereof |
| CN101665848B (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2011-06-22 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Direct steel making process for iron ore |
| CN103409584A (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2013-11-27 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | External-heating device for producing direct reduced iron by using reducing gas |
| CN103409581A (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2013-11-27 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | Continuous external heated comprehensive method for producing direct reduction iron through reduction gas |
| CN103409580A (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2013-11-27 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | Continuous external heated integrated device for producing direct reduction iron through reduction gas |
| CN103409582A (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2013-11-27 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | External-heating method for producing direct reduced iron by using reducing gas |
| CN103409585A (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2013-11-27 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | Control method for continuous external heated integrated device for producing direct reduction iron through reduction gas |
| CN103409577A (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2013-11-27 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | Continuous external heated method for producing direct reduction iron through reduction gas |
-
1992
- 1992-12-05 CN CN 92113519 patent/CN1087951A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101665848B (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2011-06-22 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Direct steel making process for iron ore |
| CN101560580B (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-12-29 | 邢传一 | New iron-making and steel-making process by one-step method and equipment thereof |
| CN103409584A (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2013-11-27 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | External-heating device for producing direct reduced iron by using reducing gas |
| CN103409581A (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2013-11-27 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | Continuous external heated comprehensive method for producing direct reduction iron through reduction gas |
| CN103409580A (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2013-11-27 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | Continuous external heated integrated device for producing direct reduction iron through reduction gas |
| CN103409582A (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2013-11-27 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | External-heating method for producing direct reduced iron by using reducing gas |
| CN103409585A (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2013-11-27 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | Control method for continuous external heated integrated device for producing direct reduction iron through reduction gas |
| CN103409577A (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2013-11-27 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | Continuous external heated method for producing direct reduction iron through reduction gas |
| CN103409582B (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2016-04-06 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | External-heat reducing gas direct-reduced iron method |
| CN103409581B (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2016-05-11 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | Continuous external heating type reducing gases DRI integrated approach |
| CN103409585B (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2016-05-11 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | The control method of continuous external heating type reducing gases DRI integration unit |
| CN103409584B (en) * | 2013-08-10 | 2016-05-11 | 山西鑫立能源科技有限公司 | External-heat reducing gases DRI device |
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