CN108793653B - Sludge full-component comprehensive utilization system and method - Google Patents
Sludge full-component comprehensive utilization system and method Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/127—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering by centrifugation
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for comprehensively utilizing sludge, wherein the system comprises: the device comprises a sludge bin (1), a hydrocyclone (2), a bioreactor (3), a filter press (4), a pyrohydrolysis reactor (5), a carbonization device (6), a concentration tank (7), an adsorbent product bin (8), a fertilizer product bin (9), a strain tank (10), a bacterial manure product bin (11), a metal sludge treatment bin (12) and a conditioning tank (13). The invention has the advantages that: the hydrocyclone has no moving part, simple structure and large production capacity per unit volume; different processes are utilized to treat organic matters with different grain diameters: the composite flora decomposes organic matters in medium particles with larger particle sizes, and thermally decomposes organic matters in small particles with light particle sizes, so that the decomposition efficiency of the organic matters is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced; not only the heavy metal is recovered, but also organic substances and inorganic substances such as N, P, K in the heavy metal are fully utilized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a system and a method for comprehensively utilizing all components of sludge.
Background
The sludge has high water content, is easy to rot and complex in components, not only contains N, P, K and other nutrient elements, but also contains a large amount of pathogenic bacteria, parasitic ova, heavy metals and other toxic and harmful substances and carcinogenic substances, and is accompanied with strong malodor. Chinese patent CN106949475A (a sludge incineration system and an incineration method thereof) adopts an incineration conventional method to treat sludge, but the conventional method cannot utilize organic substances in the sludge, and noble metals and toxic substances in the sludge cannot be effectively treated, so that the environment is polluted. Chinese patent CN106747779A (a sludge composting improvement method) adds zymophyte and the like to sludge for composting fermentation, which can comprehensively utilize organic substances in sludge, but cannot effectively treat heavy metals with high content in industrial sludge, and can cause environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system and a method for comprehensively utilizing all components of sludge, which solve the problems that toxic substances such as heavy metals and the like cannot be thoroughly removed after the sludge is treated by the conventional process, organic substances cannot be comprehensively utilized and the energy consumption is high.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a sludge full-component comprehensive utilization system comprises: the device comprises a sludge bin 1, a hydrocyclone 2, a bioreactor 3, a filter press 4, a thermal hydrolysis reactor 5, a carbonization device 6, a concentration tank 7, an adsorbent product bin 8, a fertilizer product bin 9, a strain tank 10, a bacterial manure product bin 11, a metal sludge treatment bin 12 and a conditioning tank 13;
the hydrocyclones 2 comprise a first-stage hydrocyclone 2-1 and a second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2;
the filter presses 4 comprise a first filter press 4-1 and a second filter press 4-2;
the discharge hole of the sludge bin 1 is connected with the feed inlet of a first hydrocyclone 2-1, and the underflow outlet of the first hydrocyclone 2-1 is connected with the feed inlet of a first filter press 4-1; an overflow outlet of the first filter press 4-1 is connected with a feed inlet of the concentration tank 7, a filter cake outlet of the first filter press 4-1 is connected with a feed inlet of the carbonization device 6, and a discharge outlet of the carbonization device 6 is connected with a feed inlet of the adsorbent product bin 8;
an overflow outlet of the first-stage hydrocyclone 2-1 is connected with a feeding hole of the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2, an overflow outlet of the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 is connected with a feeding hole of a pyrolysis reactor 5, an underflow outlet of the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 is connected with a feeding hole of a biological reaction tank 3, and a discharge hole of the biological reaction tank 3 and a discharge hole of the pyrolysis reactor 5 are both connected with a feeding hole of a second filter press 4-2; a filtrate outlet of the second filter press 4-2 is connected with a feed inlet of a concentration tank 7, a discharge outlet of the concentration tank 7 is connected with a feed inlet of a conditioning tank 13, a liquid outlet of the conditioning tank 13 is connected with the hydrocyclone 2, so that liquid returns to the hydrocyclone 2 for recycling, and a solid outlet of the conditioning tank 13 is connected with a feed inlet of a metal mud treatment bin 12;
a filter cake outlet of the second filter press 4-2 is connected with a fertilizer product bin 9, a strain feed inlet of the fertilizer product bin 9 is connected with a discharge outlet of a strain tank 10, and a discharge outlet of the fertilizer product bin 9 is connected with a feed inlet of a bacterial fertilizer product bin 11.
Preferably, the primary hydrocyclone and the secondary hydrocyclone are used in series; the diameter of the first-section hydrocyclone is 200 mm and 300mm, and the placing taper angle is 20-30 degrees; the diameter of the two-stage hydrocyclone is 50-150mm, and the placing cone angle is 10-15 degrees.
The invention also provides a sludge full-component comprehensive utilization method based on the system, which comprises the following steps:
1) pumping sludge from a sludge bin 1 to a first-section hydrocyclone 2-1, separating the sludge by the first-section hydrocyclone 2-1, pumping heavy particulate matters into a first filter press 4-1 from the bottom flow, introducing filtrate of the first filter press 4-1 into a concentration tank 7, introducing filter cakes into a carbonization device 6, and introducing the filter cakes into an adsorbent product bin 8 as an adsorbent after carbonization treatment;
2) the overflow of the first-stage hydrocyclone 2-1 automatically flows to the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 for reprocessing, light particle substances separated by the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 overflow into a pyrohydrolysis reactor 5, additives are added for pyrohydrolysis, substances obtained by the pyrohydrolysis enter a second filter press 4-2 for filtering, filtrate enters a concentration tank 7, is concentrated and then enters a conditioning tank 13 for biochemical conditioning, liquid returns to the hydrocyclone 2 for recycling, and solid substances enter a metal mud treatment bin 12 for recycling metal mud; the filter cake filtered by the second filter press 4-2 enters a fertilizer product bin 9, bacteria in a strain tank 10 are added, and the obtained bacterial manure enters a bacterial manure product bin 11;
3) the underflow of medium particle substances separated by the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 enters a biological reaction tank 3 and is added with a composite flora for reaction treatment, and a reaction product enters a second filter press 4-2 for filtration; the filtrate enters a concentration tank 7, after concentration, the filtrate enters a conditioning tank 13 for biochemical conditioning, the liquid returns to the cyclone 2 for recycling, and the solid matter enters a metal mud treatment bin 12 for recycling metal mud; the filter cake filtered by the second filter press 4-2 enters a fertilizer product bin 9, bacteria in a strain tank 10 are added, and the obtained bacterial manure enters a bacterial manure product bin 11.
Preferably, in the step 1), the carbonization temperature in the carbonization device 6 is 180-300 ℃, and the carbonization time is 2-4 h.
Preferably, in the step 2), the thermal hydrolysis temperature of the thermal hydrolysis reactor 5 is 150-250 ℃ and the time is 2-4 h.
Preferably, in the step 2), the additive is ammonium salt, and further preferably, the ammonium salt is ammonium chloride.
Preferably, in the step 3), the compound flora added is Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, and the ratio of the Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans to the Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is 4:1-2: 1.
Preferably, in steps 2) and 3), according to the difference of the heavy metal types of different sludges, the heavy metals are formed into metal compounds (complexes) or metal simple substances by different methods such as adjusting temperature, pH and electrochemical environment, or adding microorganisms to accelerate the reduction of the heavy metals, so as to form metal sludge for recovery.
The invention belongs to the field of environment protection-resource comprehensive treatment, and relates to a method and equipment for carrying out full-component comprehensive treatment on sludge, wherein firstly, the sludge is introduced into a hydrocyclone and separated to obtain heavy particles, medium particles and light particle substances; heavy particles mainly containing inorganic substances such as silicon dioxide are carbonized and roasted at the temperature of 180-300 ℃, medium particles mainly containing medium-grade organic substances are subjected to mixed bacteria acidic treatment, light particles mainly containing small-grade organic substances are added with additives such as ammonium salt, and the mixture is subjected to thermal hydrolysis treatment at the temperature of 200 ℃. And (3) introducing the filtrate generated by filtering in the process into a concentration tank for biochemical conditioning to form heavy metal compounds (complexes) and metal simple substances, recycling the mixed metal sludge, and returning the supernatant to the cyclone for the next cycle. The heavy particles are treated and used as an adsorbent, and the fertilizer formed by the medium and light particles is added with bacteria to prepare the bacterial fertilizer. According to the invention, the sludge is divided into inorganic substances and organic substances with different granularity by using the hydrocyclone according to the difference of the density and the granularity of substances contained in the sludge, and then the sludge is further processed into an adsorbent, a fertilizer, a bacterial fertilizer and metal mud, so that all pollution elements are recycled. Has the advantages that: organic substances with different grain diameters are treated by different processes, so that the efficiency of decomposing organic matters is greatly improved, heavy metals are recovered, and organic substances and inorganic substances such as N, P, K and the like in the heavy metals are fully utilized.
The hydraulic cyclone used in the invention has no moving parts, simple structure, low cost and large production capacity per unit volume; different processes are utilized to treat organic matters with different grain diameters: the composite flora decomposes organic matters in medium particles with larger particle size, and thermally decomposes organic matters in small particles with light particle size, so that the decomposition efficiency of the organic matters is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the separated product can decompose and recover the organic matters by using the composite flora treatment and heat treatment methods; according to the physical properties of the sludge, the hydrocyclone is used for separating the sludge, so that the harmful substances such as noble metals in the sludge can be recovered, and organic substances such as N, P, K and inorganic substances in the sludge can be fully utilized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a technical route diagram of the sludge full-component comprehensive utilization method of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sludge full-component comprehensive utilization system according to the present invention;
reference numerals:
1. a sludge bin; 2. a hydrocyclone; 2-1, a first-stage hydrocyclone; 2-2, a two-stage hydrocyclone; 3. a bioreactor; 4. a filter press; 4-1, a first filter press; 4-2, a second filter press; 5. a thermal hydrolysis reactor; 6. a carbonization device; 7. a concentration tank; 8. an adsorbent product bin; 9. a fertilizer product bin; 10. a strain tank; 11. a bacterial manure product bin; 12. a metal mud treatment bin; 13. a conditioning tank.
Detailed Description
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features. The description is only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as specifically limiting the present invention.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, a system for comprehensive utilization of all components of sludge comprises: the device comprises a sludge bin 1, a hydrocyclone 2, a bioreactor 3, a filter press 4, a thermal hydrolysis reactor 5, a carbonization device 6, a concentration tank 7, an adsorbent product bin 8, a fertilizer product bin 9, a strain tank 10, a bacterial manure product bin 11, a metal sludge treatment bin 12 and a conditioning tank 13;
the hydrocyclones 2 comprise a first-stage hydrocyclone 2-1 and a second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2;
the filter presses 4 comprise a first filter press 4-1 and a second filter press 4-2;
the discharge hole of the sludge bin 1 is connected with the feed inlet of a first hydrocyclone 2-1, and the underflow outlet of the first hydrocyclone 2-1 is connected with the feed inlet of a first filter press 4-1; an overflow outlet of the first filter press 4-1 is connected with a feed inlet of the concentration tank 7, a filter cake outlet of the first filter press 4-1 is connected with a feed inlet of the carbonization device 6, and a discharge outlet of the carbonization device 6 is connected with a feed inlet of the adsorbent product bin 8;
an overflow outlet of the first-stage hydrocyclone 2-1 is connected with a feeding hole of the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2, an overflow outlet of the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 is connected with a feeding hole of a pyrolysis reactor 5, an underflow outlet of the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 is connected with a feeding hole of a biological reaction tank 3, and a discharge hole of the biological reaction tank 3 and a discharge hole of the pyrolysis reactor 5 are both connected with a feeding hole of a second filter press 4-2; a filtrate outlet of the second filter press 4-2 is connected with a feed inlet of a concentration tank 7, a discharge outlet of the concentration tank 7 is connected with a feed inlet of a conditioning tank 13, a liquid outlet of the conditioning tank 13 is connected with the hydrocyclone 2, so that liquid returns to the hydrocyclone 2 for recycling, and a solid outlet of the conditioning tank 13 is connected with a feed inlet of a metal mud treatment bin 12;
a filter cake outlet of the second filter press 4-2 is connected with a fertilizer product bin 9, a strain feed inlet of the fertilizer product bin 9 is connected with a discharge outlet of a strain tank 10, and a discharge outlet of the fertilizer product bin 9 is connected with a feed inlet of a bacterial fertilizer product bin 11.
The first-stage hydrocyclone and the second-stage hydrocyclone are connected in series for use; the diameter of the first-section hydrocyclone is 200 mm and 300mm, and the placing taper angle is 20-30 degrees; the diameter of the two-stage hydrocyclone is 50-150mm, and the placing cone angle is 10-15 degrees.
Example 2
As shown in FIG. 1, a method for comprehensive utilization of all components of sludge based on the system described in example 1 comprises the following steps:
1) pumping sludge from a sludge bin 1 to a first-section hydrocyclone 2-1, separating the sludge by the first-section hydrocyclone 2-1, pumping heavy particulate matters into a first filter press 4-1 from the bottom flow, introducing filtrate of the first filter press 4-1 into a concentration tank 7, introducing filter cakes into a carbonization device 6, and introducing the filter cakes into an adsorbent product bin 8 as an adsorbent after carbonization treatment;
2) the overflow of the first-stage hydrocyclone 2-1 automatically flows to the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 for reprocessing, light particle substances separated by the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 overflow into a pyrohydrolysis reactor 5, additives are added for pyrohydrolysis, substances obtained by the pyrohydrolysis enter a second filter press 4-2 for filtering, filtrate enters a concentration tank 7, is concentrated and then enters a conditioning tank 13 for biochemical conditioning, liquid returns to the hydrocyclone 2 for recycling, and solid substances enter a metal mud treatment bin 12 for recycling metal mud; the filter cake filtered by the second filter press 4-2 enters a fertilizer product bin 9, bacteria in a strain tank 10 are added, and the obtained bacterial manure enters a bacterial manure product bin 11;
3) the underflow of medium particle substances separated by the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 enters a biological reaction tank 3 and is added with a composite flora for reaction treatment, and a reaction product enters a second filter press 4-2 for filtration; the filtrate enters a concentration tank 7, after concentration, the filtrate enters a conditioning tank 13 for biochemical conditioning, the liquid returns to the cyclone 2 for recycling, and the solid matter enters a metal mud treatment bin 12 for recycling metal mud; the filter cake filtered by the second filter press 4-2 enters a fertilizer product bin 9, bacteria in a strain tank 10 are added, and the obtained bacterial manure enters a bacterial manure product bin 11.
In the step 1), the carbonization temperature in the carbonization device 6 is 180-300 ℃, and the carbonization time is 2-4 h.
In the step 2), the thermal hydrolysis temperature of the thermal hydrolysis reactor 5 is 150-250 ℃ and the time is 2-4 h.
In the step 2), the additive is ammonium salt.
In the step 3), the added compound flora is acidophilic thiobacillus thiooxidans and acidophilic thiobacillus ferrooxidans, and the inoculation rate of the compound flora is 10-20%.
In the steps 2) and 3), according to the difference of the heavy metal types of different sludge, the heavy metals are formed into metal compounds (complexes) or metal simple substances by different methods such as adjusting the temperature, the pH value and the electrochemical environment or adding microorganisms to accelerate the reduction of the heavy metals, and the like, so that the formed metal mud is recovered.
Example 3
The chemical multi-element analysis of municipal sludge taken from a certain area of Beijing is as follows: municipal sludge from some area of Beijing was subjected to the chemical multielement analysis as follows:
the municipal sludge has high water content, pH of 6.59 and water content of 90 percent, and is rich in N, P, K and heavy metals such as Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn and the like.
Based on the system of example 1 and the method of example 2, a mass of sludge was weighed and slurried, pumped into a hydrocyclone, and classified to obtain 35% heavy particulate matter, 35% medium particulate matter, and 30% light particulate matter. Filtering the heavy particulate matter, carbonizing at 180 ℃ for 4 hours, processing the carbonized solid into an adsorbent, and introducing the filtrate into a concentration tank; thiobacillus acidophilus and thiobacillus acidophilus were treated at a ratio of 3: 1, adding the filtrate into the medium particles for composite flora treatment, introducing the filtered filtrate into a concentration tank, adding bacteria into filter residues, and subsequently processing the filter residues into bacterial manure; adding ammonium chloride as additive into the light particulate matter, performing thermal hydrolysis at 150 ℃, filtering the filtrate, introducing the filtrate into a concentration tank, and adding bacteria into the filter residue to prepare bacterial manure; and concentrating the filtrate in a concentration tank, performing biochemical conditioning, and adjusting the pH value to directly reduce microorganisms to obtain precipitates of metal compounds (complexes) such as Zn, Cu and Mg, simple metal substances and the like.
According to the experiment, the COD in the filtrate is low, organic matters are fully decomposed, the organic matter content in the finally obtained bacterial fertilizer is 30%, the water content is 20%, the Cr content is 131mg/Kg, and the Cd content is 8.6mg/Kg, so that the production standard for producing the composite bacterial fertilizer is met; the Zn content in the water without heavy metal is 3.2mg/l, the Cu content is 2.1mg/l, the Pb content is 0.9mg/l, the Cr content is 1.1mg/l, the heavy metal content in the water is lower than the national standard, and the obtained heavy metal can be recycled.
Example 4
The chemical multi-element analysis of the mixed sludge of metallurgical steel taken from a certain area is as follows:
the selected industrial sludge is metallurgical steel sludge with pH 6.32, water content 78%, high content of heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, Pb and the like, and different from other sludge, the iron and steel metallurgical mixed sludge has high Fe content.
Based on the system of example 1 and the method of example 2, a certain amount of sludge was weighed, added with a certain proportion of water for slurrying, and pumped into a hydrocyclone for classification to obtain 25% of heavy particulate matter, 35% of medium particulate matter and 40% of light particulate matter. Filtering the heavy particulate matter, carbonizing at 200 ℃ for 3.5h, processing the carbonized solid into an adsorbent, and introducing the filtrate into a concentration tank; thiobacillus acidophilus and thiobacillus acidophilus were treated at a ratio of 4:1, adding the mixture into the medium-particle product for compound flora treatment, introducing filtered filtrate into a concentration tank, adding a microbial inoculum into filter residues, and subsequently processing the filter residues into bacterial manure; adding ammonium chloride as additive into the light particulate matter product, performing thermal hydrolysis at 200 ℃, filtering, introducing the filtrate into a concentration tank, and adding the bacterial agent into the filter residue to prepare bacterial fertilizer; concentrating the filtrate in a concentration tank, performing biochemical conditioning, and performing pH regulation and biochemical conditioning to obtain precipitates of metal compounds (complexes) such as Zn, Cu and PB, simple metal substances and the like.
The organic matter content of the bacterial manure obtained in the experiment is 27%, the water content is 21%, the cfu is 0.52 hundred million/g, and the P80mg/kg meets the national standard of the compound bacterial manure; the adsorbent is subjected to an adsorption performance test to meet the industrial standard; the recovery rate of iron in the metal mud is 75%, the Zn content is 2.9mg/l, the Cu content is 1.9mg/l, the Pb content is 0.75mg/l, the As content is 0.4%, the waste water can be fully utilized or discharged, and the metal can be recycled.
Example 5
The chemical multi-element analysis of electroplating sludge taken from a certain area is as follows:
the selected industrial sludge is electroplating sludge with pH 7.99, water content 80%, low Cd and Pb content, Zn, Cu and Cr content higher than the national standard value, and low content of N, P, K, S.
Based on the system of example 1 and the method of example 2, a certain amount of sludge was weighed, added with a certain proportion of water for slurrying, and pumped into a hydrocyclone for classification to obtain 15% of heavy particulate matter, 45% of medium particulate matter and 40% of light particulate matter. Filtering the heavy particulate matter, carbonizing at 250 ℃ for 3h, processing the carbonized solid into an adsorbent, and introducing the filtrate into a concentration tank; thiobacillus acidophilus and thiobacillus acidophilus were treated at a ratio of 4:1, adding the mixture into the medium-particle product for compound flora treatment, introducing filtered filtrate into a concentration tank, adding a microbial inoculum into filter residues, and subsequently processing the filter residues into bacterial manure; adding ammonium chloride as additive into the light particulate matter product, performing thermal hydrolysis at 250 ℃, filtering, introducing the filtrate into a concentration tank, and adding the bacterial agent into the filter residue to prepare bacterial fertilizer; and concentrating the filtrate in a concentration tank, performing biochemical conditioning, and adjusting the pH value and performing biochemical conditioning to obtain precipitates of metal compounds (complexes) such as Zn, Cu, Cr and Sn and metal simple substances.
The organic matter content in the electroplating sludge is low, after the electroplating sludge is treated by the composite flora, COD (chemical oxygen demand) in the filtrate is low, the organic matter content of the obtained bacterial manure is 25.2 percent, the water content is 20.5 percent, cfu is 0.48 hundred million/g, and the Cr content is 120 mg/kg; the recovery rate of the obtained metal mud Al is 75%, and the metal mud Al can be processed and utilized after separation and recycled; the content of Cu with higher content in the sludge after treatment is 2.6 percent, the content of CR is 1.3 percent, and the sludge meets the national standard.
Example 6
The sludge is taken from chemical sludge in a certain area, the water content of the sludge after chemical wastewater treatment is as high as 70-98%, and the sludge is not even higher, is generally fluid or colloidal before dehydration, has fine particles and has the specific gravity close to 1. The sludge has complex components, and the chemical sludge contains a large amount of toxic substances such as pathogenic microorganisms, bacteria, synthetic organic matters, heavy metal ions and the like. Generally, the solid components are mainly organic residue, microbial cells, inorganic particles, colloid and the like.
Based on the system of example 1 and the method of example 2, a certain amount of sludge was weighed, added with a certain proportion of water for slurrying, and pumped into a hydrocyclone for classification to obtain 25% of heavy particulate matter, 50% of medium particulate matter and 25% of light particulate matter. Filtering the heavy particulate matter, carbonizing at 300 ℃ for 2h, processing the carbonized solid into an adsorbent, and introducing the filtrate into a concentration tank; thiobacillus acidophilus and thiobacillus acidophilus were treated in a ratio of 2:1, adding the mixture into the medium-particle product for compound flora treatment, introducing filtered filtrate into a concentration tank, adding a microbial inoculum into filter residues, and subsequently processing the filter residues into bacterial manure; adding ammonium chloride as additive into the light particulate matter product, performing thermal hydrolysis at 200 ℃, filtering, introducing the filtrate into a concentration tank, and adding the bacterial agent into the filter residue to prepare bacterial fertilizer; concentrating the filtrate in a concentration tank, performing biochemical conditioning, and performing pH adjustment and biochemical conditioning to obtain heavy metal compound (complex) and metal simple substance precipitate.
In the experiment, after the particles in the composite flora are treated, the content of organic compounds in the sludge is reduced and the sludge is decomposed into available organic micromolecules, the content of organic matters of bacterial manure is 26.7 percent, the water content is 21.3 percent, and the cfu is 0.52 hundred million/g; and (4) enriching and recovering heavy metal ions of the chemical sludge.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A sludge full-component comprehensive utilization system is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a sludge bin (1), a hydrocyclone (2), a bioreactor (3), a filter press (4), a pyrohydrolysis reactor (5), a carbonization device (6), a concentration tank (7), an adsorbent product bin (8), a fertilizer product bin (9), a strain tank (10), a bacterial manure product bin (11), a metal sludge treatment bin (12) and a conditioning tank (13);
the hydrocyclones (2) comprise a first-stage hydrocyclone (2-1) and a second-stage hydrocyclone (2-2);
the filter press (4) comprises a first filter press (4-1) and a second filter press (4-2);
the discharge hole of the sludge bin (1) is connected with the feed inlet of the first section of hydrocyclone (2-1), and the underflow outlet of the first section of hydrocyclone (2-1) is connected with the feed inlet of the first filter press (4-1); an overflow outlet of the first filter press (4-1) is connected with a feed inlet of the concentration tank (7), a filter cake outlet of the first filter press (4-1) is connected with a feed inlet of the carbonization device (6), and a discharge outlet of the carbonization device (6) is connected with a feed inlet of the adsorbent product bin (8);
an overflow outlet of the first-stage hydrocyclone (2-1) is connected with a feeding hole of the second-stage hydrocyclone (2-2), an overflow outlet of the second-stage hydrocyclone (2-2) is connected with a feeding hole of a pyrohydrolysis reactor (5), an underflow outlet of the second-stage hydrocyclone (2-2) is connected with a feeding hole of a bioreactor (3), and a discharging hole of the bioreactor (3) and a discharging hole of the pyrohydrolysis reactor (5) are both connected with a feeding hole of a second filter press (4-2); a filtrate outlet of the second filter press (4-2) is connected with a feed inlet of a concentration tank (7), a discharge outlet of the concentration tank (7) is connected with a feed inlet of a conditioning tank (13), a liquid outlet of the conditioning tank (13) is connected with the hydrocyclone (2) so that liquid returns to the hydrocyclone (2) for cyclic utilization, and a solid outlet of the conditioning tank (13) is connected with a feed inlet of a metal mud treatment bin (12);
the filter cake outlet of the second filter press (4-2) is connected with a fertilizer product bin (9), the strain feed inlet of the fertilizer product bin (9) is connected with the discharge outlet of a strain tank (10), and the discharge outlet of the fertilizer product bin (9) is connected with the feed inlet of a strain fertilizer product bin (11).
2. The system for comprehensively utilizing the full components of the sludge according to claim 1, wherein a first-stage hydrocyclone and a second-stage hydrocyclone are used in series; the diameter of the first-section hydrocyclone is 200 mm and 300mm, and the placing taper angle is 20-30 degrees; the diameter of the two-stage hydrocyclone is 50-150mm, and the placing cone angle is 10-15 degrees.
3. The method for comprehensively utilizing the full components of the sludge based on the system of claim 1 comprises the following steps:
1) pumping sludge from a sludge bin (1) to a first-section hydrocyclone (2-1), separating by the first-section hydrocyclone (2-1), pumping heavy particulate matters into a first filter press (4-1) from bottom flow, introducing filtrate of the first filter press (4-1) into a concentration tank (7), introducing filter cakes into a carbonization device (6), and introducing the filter cakes into an adsorbent product bin (8) as an adsorbent after carbonization treatment;
2) the overflow of the first-stage hydrocyclone (2-1) automatically flows to a second-stage hydrocyclone (2-2) for reprocessing, light particle substances separated by the second-stage hydrocyclone (2-2) overflow into a pyrohydrolysis reactor (5), additives are added for pyrohydrolysis, substances obtained by pyrohydrolysis enter a second filter press (4-2) for filtration, filtrate enters a concentration tank (7), enters a conditioning tank (13) for biochemical conditioning after concentration, liquid returns to the hydrocyclone (2) for recycling, and solid substances enter a metal mud treatment bin (12) for recycling metal mud; the filter cake filtered by the second filter press (4-2) enters a fertilizer product bin (9), bacteria in a strain tank (10) are added, and the obtained bacterial manure enters a bacterial manure product bin (11);
3) the underflow of medium particle substances separated by the two-stage hydrocyclone (2-2) enters a bioreactor (3) and is added with a composite flora for reaction treatment, and a reaction product enters a second filter press (4-2) for filtration; the filtrate enters a concentration tank (7), after concentration, the filtrate enters a conditioning tank (13) for biochemical conditioning, the liquid returns to the hydrocyclone (2) for cyclic utilization, and the solid matter enters a metal mud treatment bin (12) for recycling metal mud; the filter cake filtered by the second filter press (4-2) enters a fertilizer product bin (9), bacteria in a strain tank (10) are added, and the obtained bacterial manure enters a bacterial manure product bin (11).
4. The comprehensive utilization method of the whole components of the sludge according to claim 3, characterized in that in the step 1), the carbonization temperature in the carbonization device (6) is 180-300 ℃, and the carbonization time is 2-4 h.
5. The method for comprehensively utilizing the full components of the sludge according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2), the thermal hydrolysis temperature of the thermal hydrolysis reactor (5) is 150-250 ℃ and the time is 2-4 h.
6. The method for comprehensively utilizing the full components of the sludge according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2), the additive is ammonium salt.
7. The method for comprehensively utilizing the full components of the sludge according to claim 6, wherein the ammonium salt is ammonium chloride.
8. The method for comprehensively utilizing all components of sludge according to claim 3, wherein in the step 3), the added compound flora is Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, and the ratio of the Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans to the Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is 4:1-2: 1.
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