CN108776459A - A kind of process promoting five-axle number control machine tool machining accuracy - Google Patents
A kind of process promoting five-axle number control machine tool machining accuracy Download PDFInfo
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- CN108776459A CN108776459A CN201810771071.XA CN201810771071A CN108776459A CN 108776459 A CN108776459 A CN 108776459A CN 201810771071 A CN201810771071 A CN 201810771071A CN 108776459 A CN108776459 A CN 108776459A
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
- G05B2219/35097—Generation of cutter path, offset curve
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processes promoting five-axle number control machine tool machining accuracy, including deviation calculates, point cloud mirror image calculates and theoretical curved surface adjusts these steps.Advantages of the present invention：Influence in view of a variety of error sources to part processing precision, the present invention proposes a kind of process promoting complex-curved five-axis robot precision, finishing tool path is not only had modified in time, the scrappage of complex curved surface parts processing is effectively reduced, and improves the manufacture machining accuracy of five-axle number control machine tool.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Computerized Numerical Control processing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of technique promoting five-axle number control machine tool machining accuracy
Method.
Background technology
In part by numerical control process, the processing quality of part is influenced by numerous error sources, such as error of cutter, workpiece
Position error, lathe geometric error etc..The effect of a variety of error sources is so that the structure size of part after processing is completed and theoretical mould
Type cannot be guaranteed completely the same, and there are certain geometric dimension errors, particularly with the complex-curved class zero that Curvature varying is larger
Part, the scale error of part after processing is completed can be increased further.5-shaft linkage numerical control lathe is as complex-curved class part
A kind of the most commonly used tool is processed, i.e., in part five-shaft numerical control process, by the continuous adjustment to tool position, is protected
Card cutter is in optimal machining state and inhibits the generation of interference phenomenon with part, makes complex-curved class part processing quality
Promotion ensured.In addition, the resetting error etc. during parts fixation can be eliminated due to online measuring technique
Problem is effectively guaranteed the reliability and operability of part evaluation and test data.Therefore it is examined online with part five-axle number control machine tool
Based on measured data, a kind of process promoting complex-curved five-axis robot precision is proposed, to the guarantor of part processing quality
Barrier has great importance.
(1) Cho and Seo et al. utilize artificial intelligence neural networks algorithm, are trained to on-line checking data, to real
The promotion of existing part processing quality.(referring to Cho MW, Seo TI.Machining
errorcompensationusingradialbasisfunctionnetworkbasedon CAD/CAM/
CAIintegrationconcept.InternationalJournalofProductionResearch,2002,40(9):
2159~2174).
(2) Chen and Gao et al. analyze on-line checking data according to space statistics principle, will be in processing
Error source is decomposed into system and random two class, and on this basis, subsequent parts is instructed to process.(referring to ChenY, Gao J,
Deng H,et al.Spatial statistical analysis and compensation of machining
errors for complex surfaces.Precision Engineering,2013,1(1):203~212.).
(3) Bi and Huang et al. selective analysis influence of the machine tool error to part processing precision, and use on-line checking
Method, realize the identification to the five-axle number control machine tool shaft error prediction model parameter established, give and utilize the mould
Type reduces the concrete scheme of part's machining errors.(referring to Bi Q, HuangN, Sun C, etal.Identification and
Compensation ofGeometric Errors ofRotaryAxes on Five-axis Machine by On-
machine Measurement.International Journal ofMachine Tools and Manufacture,
2014,89:182~191).
Processing method proposed in document (1) (2) is main or using three axis numerically controlled machine as research object, and for five
Shaft and NC Machining Test machine tooling is simultaneously not suitable for.
The mathematical model established in document (3), only considered the geometric error during machine tool motion, and be only limitted to pair
The effect in single error source, but the comprehensive consideration in five-axle number control machine tool multiple error source is not directed to.
Invention content
The present invention is above-mentioned various in order to solve the problems, such as, provides a kind of a variety of error sources of reply to processing type face precision shadow
The process of loud promotion five-axle number control machine tool machining accuracy.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that：It is a kind of to promote five-axle number control machine tool machining accuracy
Process includes the following steps：
A, deviation calculates:Using theoretical curved surface profile information data, sampled point planning is carried out to curved surface, using on-line checking
Technology obtains sample point coordinate.The sampled point cloud of actual processing profile is obtained by contacting piece surface along normal direction, sampling
Point is represented by the position deviation of theoretical curved surface：
In formula,Indicate sampled point QhThree-dimensional coordinate,Indicate sampled point QhIn theoretical curved surface wheel
Mathematical point G on exterior featurehThree-dimensional coordinate；
B, point cloud mirror image calculates：It is basic data with the sampled point of practical curved surface profile, utilizes " mirror image " principle to sampling
Point carries out reverse bias movement, obtains " mirror image " point cloud.If " mirror image " point is Ui, " mirror image " point UiIt is represented by：
In formula,WithThe respectively three-dimensional coordinate of " mirror image " point and sampled point；ΔEhFor sampled point
For the position deviation of theoretical curved surface；(nhx,nhy,nhz) it is unit Norma l deviation vector；
C, theoretical curved surface adjustment：Theoretical surface model adjustment includes implementation steps in detail below：
1) theoretical curved surface is thickeied into Ds(mm), it forms reference surface and is set as R, and again with Ds(mm) thickness is biased, shape
It is set as F at first stage finishing curved surface, to make the cutting data of finishing stage be consistent；
2) numerical control processing and operating is carried out to curved surface F, plans matrix using reference surface R as sampling, realizes to machining
The on-line checking of rear curved surface preserves sampling point cloud data；
3) reference surface R is combined, according to formula (1) and (2), realizes the meter of the position deviation and point cloud mirror image of sampled point
It calculates；
4) cloud mirror image is calculated into acquisition data point and is denoted as Cj, C is denoted as by the theoretical sampled point that reference surface R is plannedl, so
Coordinate optimizing calculating is carried out to theoretical sampled point cloud afterwards so that ClTo CjMaximum distance it is minimum, and calculate and obtain corresponding coordinate
Transformation matrix T；
5) reference surface R is adjusted according to the transformation matrix of coordinates T obtained is calculated, and the reference surface R ' after adjustment
With Ds(mm) it is reversed biasing, obtains the curved surface S of finishing second stage；
6) surface model after adjustment is subjected to cutter in CAM (ComputerAided Manufacturing) software
Machining path is planned, NC instruction is finished by postpositive disposal Software Create.
The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are that：Influence in view of a variety of error sources to part processing precision,
The present invention proposes a kind of process promoting complex-curved five-axis robot precision, not only has modified finishing tool road in time
Diameter, effectively reduces the scrappage of complex curved surface parts processing, and improves the manufacture machining accuracy of five-axle number control machine tool.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of sampled point for the process promoting complex-curved five-axis robot precision of the present invention for theoretical curved surface
Position deviation schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a kind of point cloud mirror image Computing Principle for the process promoting complex-curved five-axis robot precision of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 3 is a kind of theoretical curved surface adjustment signal of process promoting complex-curved five-axis robot precision of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 4 is that a kind of finishing curved surface for the process promoting complex-curved five-axis robot precision of the present invention adjusts principle
Figure.
Fig. 5 is a kind of processing part drawing for the process promoting complex-curved five-axis robot precision of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a kind of processing quality comparison diagram for the process promoting complex-curved five-axis robot precision of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1. deviation calculates
Using theoretical curved surface profile information data, sampled point planning is carried out to curved surface, using online measuring technique, realization pair
The on-line checking of actual processing curved surface, and corresponding sample point coordinate data information is recorded, which embodies practical add
The quality information of work curved surface profile.The sampled point cloud of actual processing profile is generally obtained by contacting piece surface along normal direction
, as shown in Fig. 1, sampled point is represented by the position deviation of theoretical curved surface：
In formula,Indicate sampled point QhThree-dimensional coordinate,Indicate sampled point QhIn theoretical curved surface wheel
Mathematical point G on exterior featurehThree-dimensional coordinate.
2. cloud mirror image calculates
It is basic data that this method, which is with the sampled point of practical curved surface profile, is carried out to sampled point using " mirror image " principle anti-
It is moved to biasing, obtains " mirror image " point cloud, and using this " mirror image " point as the foundation of theoretical curved surface adjustment.As shown in Fig. 2,
" mirror image " point UiIt is represented by：
In formula,WithThe respectively three-dimensional coordinate of " mirror image " point and sampled point；ΔEhFor sampled point
For the position deviation of theoretical curved surface；(nhx,nhy,nhz) it is unit Norma l deviation vector.
3. theoretical curved surface method of adjustment
During five-axle number control machine tool processes complex curved surface parts, due to the influence of a variety of error sources, the processing of part
There will be the problem of " cross cut " and " owing to cut ", and a selection of any processing method, the phenomenon that " mistake is cut " and " owing to cut " can not all keep away
Exempt from, i.e., high method for fine finishing is only capable of that problem is modified to " cross cut " and " owing to cut " that is formed by theoretical cutter path, and " mistake
Cut " and " owing to cut " can not thoroughly solve.Therefore, based on the analysis to the above problem, this method is intended to complex curved surface parts five
Axis processing technique is redistributed, and two benches finishing passes is subdivided into, and utilize on-line checking data, by managing part
By the adjustment of model, the amendment in final finishing tool path is realized, to effectively reduce " cross and cut " and " owing to cut " problem pair
The influence of part processing precision promotes the processing quality of part entirety.The specific implementation step of theoretical surface model adjustment is：
The first step：As shown in Fig. 3, in order to effectively inhibit " cross and cut " and " owing to cut " problem, theoretical curved surface is thickeied into Ds
(mm), reference surface R is formed, and again with Ds(mm) thickness is biased, and first stage finishing curved surface F is formed, to make
The cutting data of finishing stage is consistent；
Second step：Numerical control processing and operating is carried out to curved surface F, matrix is planned using reference surface R as sampling, realizes to processing
The on-line checking of rear curved surface is completed, sampling point cloud data is preserved；
Third walks：In conjunction with reference surface R, according to formula (1) and (2), realizes the position deviation of sampled point and put cloud mirror image
Calculating；
4th step：Cloud mirror image is calculated into acquisition data point and is denoted as Cj, it is denoted as by the theoretical sampled point that reference surface R is planned
Cl, using sequential quadratic programming (Sequential Quadratic Programming, SQP) algorithm, to theoretical sampled point cloud
Carry out coordinate optimizing calculating so that ClTo CjMaximum distance it is minimum, and calculate and obtain corresponding transformation matrix of coordinates T；
5th step：As shown in Fig. 4, reference surface R is adjusted according to the transformation matrix of coordinates T obtained is calculated, and
Reference surface R ' after adjustment is with Ds(mm) it is reversed biasing, obtains the curved surface S of finishing second stage；
6th step：Surface model after adjustment is carried out in CAM (ComputerAided Manufacturing) software
Tool sharpening path planning finishes NC instruction by postpositive disposal Software Create.
4. experimental verification
To verify the feasibility of this programme, use conventional method and this method to attached 1 He of part type shown in fig. 5 face respectively
2 carry out digital control processing, measure part quality after processing is completed.As shown in Fig. 6, the overall processing precision in type face 2 relative to
Type face 1, which has, to be obviously improved, to demonstrate the feasibility of this method.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of process promoting five-axle number control machine tool machining accuracy, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
A, deviation calculates:Using theoretical curved surface profile information data, sampled point planning is carried out to curved surface, using on-line checking skill
Art obtains sample point coordinate.The sampled point cloud of actual processing profile is obtained by contacting piece surface along normal direction, sampled point
The position deviation of theoretical curved surface is represented by：
In formula,Indicate sampled point QhThree-dimensional coordinate,Indicate sampled point QhOn theoretical curved surface profile
Mathematical point GhThree-dimensional coordinate；
B, point cloud mirror image calculates：It is basic data with the sampled point of practical curved surface profile, " mirror image " principle is utilized to click through sampling
Row reverse bias moves, and obtains " mirror image " point cloud.If " mirror image " point is Ui, " mirror image " point UiIt is represented by：
In formula,WithThe respectively three-dimensional coordinate of " mirror image " point and sampled point；ΔEhFor sampled point for
The position deviation of theoretical curved surface；(nhx,nhy,nhz) it is unit Norma l deviation vector；
C, theoretical curved surface adjustment：Theoretical surface model adjustment includes implementation steps in detail below：
1) theoretical curved surface is thickeied into Ds(mm), reference surface R is formed, and again with Ds(mm) thickness is biased, and forms the first rank
Section finishing curved surface F, to make the cutting data of finishing stage be consistent；
2) numerical control processing and operating is carried out to curved surface F, plans matrix using reference surface R as sampling, realizes to bent after processing is completed
The on-line checking in face preserves sampling point cloud data；
3) reference surface R is combined, according to formula (1) and (2), realizes the calculating of the position deviation and point cloud mirror image of sampled point；
4) cloud mirror image is calculated into acquisition data point and is denoted as Cj, C is denoted as by the theoretical sampled point that reference surface R is plannedl, then right
Theoretical sampled point cloud carries out coordinate optimizing calculating so that ClTo CjMaximum distance it is minimum, and calculate and obtain corresponding coordinate transform
Matrix T；
5) reference surface R is adjusted according to the transformation matrix of coordinates T obtained is calculated, and the reference surface R ' after adjustment is with Ds
(mm) it is reversed biasing, obtains the curved surface S of finishing second stage；
6) surface model after adjustment is subjected to tool sharpening in CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) software
Path planning finishes NC instruction by postpositive disposal Software Create.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110837715A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-25 | 河南机电职业学院 | Complex curved surface machining error compensation method based on reverse engineering technology |
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| CN103218475A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-07-24 | 天津大学 | In-process evaluation based complex spatial surface error feedback compensating method |
| CN104057363A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-09-24 | 浙江大学 | Three-axis numerical control machine tool geometrical error compensation method based on workpiece model rebuilding |
| CN104385052A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-03-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | Skin self-adaptive processing method based on laser displacement sensor |
| CN104476321A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-04-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Skin real-time adaptive mirror image milling method based on multiple sensors and detection device |
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2018
- 2018-07-13 CN CN201810771071.XA patent/CN108776459B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20040083024A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-04-29 | Weiping Wang | Systems and methods for automated sensing and machining for repairing airfoils of blades |
| WO2011124188A3 (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2012-05-31 | Tomas Bata University In Zlin | Method of replication of surface structures |
| CN103218475A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-07-24 | 天津大学 | In-process evaluation based complex spatial surface error feedback compensating method |
| CN104057363A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-09-24 | 浙江大学 | Three-axis numerical control machine tool geometrical error compensation method based on workpiece model rebuilding |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110837715A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-25 | 河南机电职业学院 | Complex curved surface machining error compensation method based on reverse engineering technology |
| CN110837715B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2023-05-05 | 河南机电职业学院 | Complex curved surface machining error compensation method based on reverse engineering technology |
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