CN108770405A - A kind of soil function restoration methods on hardened grassland of degenerating - Google Patents
A kind of soil function restoration methods on hardened grassland of degenerating Download PDFInfo
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- CN108770405A CN108770405A CN201810629616.3A CN201810629616A CN108770405A CN 108770405 A CN108770405 A CN 108770405A CN 201810629616 A CN201810629616 A CN 201810629616A CN 108770405 A CN108770405 A CN 108770405A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soil function restoration methods on hardened grassland of degenerating, including:It closes, Degraded Grasslands region is sealed, prohibits and herds;Plate is solved, with grassland hardening loosening machine, the hardened characteristic area of Degraded Grasslands is carried out loose;Degraded Grasslands are carried out sprinkling activation by activation with soil activating agent;The seed of drought-enduring plant and herbage is sowed in sowing;After-culture, optionally after-culture drought-enduring plant and herbage;Recuperation is rehabilitated after herding stimulation plant growth in due course.The soil function restoration methods on the hardened grassland of degeneration of the present invention make the functional rehabilitation gradual perfection of soil and sustainable, have very high more practical value in conjunction with materialization, chemistry and biological means, make contributions to administer China hardened grassland of degenerating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological restoration technical field more particularly to a kind of soil function recovery sides on hardened grassland of degenerating
Method.
Background technology
With the development of human society, ecological degeneration is on the rise, and threatens vast biosphere life including humans
The basis deposited, it is grass-land deterioration, hardened, it is one of performance of ecological degeneration.China is no exception, especially in the Inner Mongol, Xinjiang, east
Bei San is saved, and grass-land deterioration is hardened more serious caused by overgrazing, and is difficult to manage, and trend allows of no optimist.Arid
The fragility of the steppe vegetation ecosystem is caused with semiarid weather.In order to restore the ecology on grassland, traditional animal husbandry
The method that practitioner explores a set of chesson, but because of the low and of high cost recovery for not being suitable for large area grassland of efficiency.Separately
Outside, closed method is taken to rehabilitate, but long-term closing in this way, year by year planting forage grass, the time was up to 10 years or more
And the effect restored is undesirable, and ground biomass type, the grassland of density ratio periphery in the application are poor, easily cause grassland once again
It degenerates.
According to ecological basic theory, soil is the carrying of grassland ecology, the growth and water and soil conservation of vegetation, bacterium colony
It is closely related with soil function.Therefore, it is a kind of it is sustainable, make soil restoration function to restore the method for grassland ecology, show
It obtains urgent and crucial.
Invention content
Goal of the invention:In order to hardened one chance lived again in grassland of degenerating, be dedicated to restoring grassland ecology balance, this hair
A kind of soil function restoration methods on hardened grassland of degenerating of bright exploitation, to solve problems of the prior art.
Invention content:A kind of soil function restoration methods on hardened grassland of degenerating, include the following steps:
(1), it closes:Degraded Grasslands region is sealed, prohibits and herds, the boundary sealed is set to Degraded Grasslands and does not degenerate
The frontier zone on grassland;
(2), plate is solved:One period in 1 year carries out the hardened characteristic area of Degraded Grasslands with grassland hardening loosening machine
Roller is loose, and it is that blade type is loose that grassland hardening loosening machine, which has the loose mechanism of blade type and the loose mechanism of aculeus type, loose mode,
After mechanism is slightly broken, then it is loose with the loose mechanism of aculeus type;
(3), it activates:Soil activating agent is prepared according to formula constituent, and several agricultures are selected according to the size in Degraded Grasslands region
Carries out spraying operation with model plane sprinkling aircraft, sprinkling total amount is per hectare 115~275kg soil activating agents, by soil when sprinkling
Activator is with clear water by weight 1:(20-25) is prepared, points 3~5 times, total one week it is sprayed;
(4), it sows:It same time after 1 year, cuts weeds, repeats step (2)~(3);Then, with seeder, according to band-like
The seed of drought-enduring arbor is sowed in distribution, sows the seed of drought-enduring shrub and fruticuli between adjacent zonal distribution region herein,
Finally sow the seed of drought-enduring herbaceous plant and herbage in Degraded Grasslands entire area, it is drought-enduring arbor, drought-enduring shrub and fruticuli, resistance to
Non-irrigated herbaceous plant, herbage seed amount ratio be 1:(3~8):(2~5):(10~20);In the region of high salinity, pointedly
Sow the seed of saline alkali tolerant plant;
(5), after-culture:(4) in after insemination and emergence, after-culture optionally is carried out to arbor, shrub, and is directed to drought-enduring herbaceous plant
With the competitive relation of herbage, after-culture herbage or drought-enduring herbaceous plant;
(6), it recuperates:It after 1~2 year, is slightly herded, is herded before herbage ears branch, prohibit when turning green in early days and herd, pierce
Swash herbage and drought-enduring herbal growth, recuperation steppe vegetation 1~2 year, you can.
Preferably, the period that step (2) and (3) carry out is rainwater between the Beginning of summer solar term.It is selected in rainwater and the Beginning of summer
Between gas the initial chance of the drought-resistant and salt-tolerant plants germination of plantation can improve, in favor of ecological recovery it is permanent it
Meter.
Preferably, the drought-enduring arbor is diversiform-leaved poplar, haloxylon ammondendron, kapok, LANNEA COROMANDELICA, rope of plaited plants tree, Ye Yang, dry land willow, camphor tree
Two or more combination in pine, Chinese wax, milk bush, monkey-bread tree.The above drought-enduring arbor acts the bridgehead to conserve water and soil, is
The important component of ecological recovery, and specific kind can be selected according to region situation.
Preferably, the drought-enduring shrub and fruticuli be Desert Rose, speckle rhinoceros horn, camel thorn, cactus, it is green it
Bell, sea-buckthorn, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, husky honey raisin tree, caragana, bluish dogbane, white thorn, hedysarum scoparium, short fringe willow, purple bar willow, long fringe willow, hemp, naked fruit
Two or more combinations in wood, red building, wooden club tree, theezan tea.The above drought-enduring shrub and fruticuli rise important alleviation it is hardened,
The level effect to conserve water and soil, is the important component of ecological recovery, and can select specific kind according to region situation.
Preferably, the drought-enduring herbaceous plant is husky bamboo, Sha Peng, swollen fruit Radix, west of a river chrysanthemum, husky green onion, aloe, salt life
It is grass, starfish flower, American aloe, sansevieria trifasciata, little Hua schizonepeta, coloured glaze bud chrysanthemum, spire crow green onion, mist ice lamb's-quarters, silique lamb's-quarters, Eremurus inderiensis, small
Two or more combinations in mountain garlic, cluster flower celery, sharp beak Mang ox seedling.The above drought-enduring herbaceous plant rise important alleviation it is hardened,
The basic role to conserve water and soil is the important component of ecological recovery, and can select specific kind according to region situation.
Preferably, the saline alkali tolerant plant be halophilous herbage, locust tree, tree-of-heaven, China tree, one kind in arrow-leaved oleaster or its
Combination.The above saline alkali tolerant plant is planted for exceedingly odious high salinity region, is that hardened Degraded Grasslands ecological reconstruction is assaulted fortified position composition
Part.
Preferably, the soil activating agent includes the component of following parts by weight:
Agent rebuilds the recovery on hardened grassland of degenerating and plant and plays a key effect.
Further, the trace element includes at least Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Cu, B, Cl.The above trace element is plant life
A great number of elements necessary to long and sub-micro secondary element.
Further, the composite bacteria agent includes at least actinomyces, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, saccharomycete, photosynthetic bacteria.
The above bacteria culture has irreplaceable key effect to decomposition nutrition matter, plant fixed nitrogen and long-term restoration of the ecosystem.
Compared to the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:A kind of soil work(on the hardened grassland of degeneration of the present invention
Energy restoration methods, ecological strict logic are administered thorough.The soil function restoration methods on the hardened grassland of degeneration of the present invention are intended to extensive
The functions such as multiple soil fertility, water conservation, rather than the ecosystem is rebuild, follow-up ecosystem rehancement also needs to more diversified dynamic plant
The introducing of object, microorganism.The step of closing of the method for the present invention provides safeguard;The basis that plate provides subsequent processing is solved, is to assault fortified position;And
Activation, sowing, after-culture are then the method and step for playing core competitiveness, especially soil activating agent, give the functional rehabilitation of soil
Good biochemical foundation is laid;The effect of drought-enduring plant is intended to check winds and fix drifting sand and conserve water and soil, and is also used as biocoene
Component part, play a part of environmental improvement pioneer.The soil function restoration methods on the hardened grassland of degeneration of the present invention, in conjunction with
Materialization, chemistry and biological means make the functional rehabilitation gradual perfection of soil and sustainable, have in addition advanced management method
Very high more practical value is made contributions to administer China hardened grassland of degeneration.
Specific implementation mode
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, letter will be made to embodiment below
Single introduction.
Examples 1 to 5
A kind of soil function restoration methods on hardened grassland of degenerating, include the following steps:
(1), it closes:Degraded Grasslands region is sealed, prohibits and herds, the boundary sealed is set to Degraded Grasslands and does not degenerate
The frontier zone on grassland;
(2), plate is solved:Rainwater is between the Beginning of summer solar term in 1 year, with grassland hardening loosening machine, to the hardened feature of Degraded Grasslands
Region progress roller is loose, and it is knife that grassland hardening loosening machine, which has the loose mechanism of blade type and the loose mechanism of aculeus type, loose mode,
After the loose mechanism of chip is slightly broken, then it is loose with the loose mechanism of aculeus type;
(3), it activates:Soil activating agent is prepared according to formula constituent, and several agricultures are selected according to the size in Degraded Grasslands region
Carries out spraying operation with model plane sprinkling aircraft, sprinkling total amount is per hectare 115~275kg soil activating agents, by soil when sprinkling
Activator is with clear water by weight 1:(20-25) is prepared, points 3~5 times, total one week it is sprayed;
(4), it sows:Rainwater is cut weeds between the Beginning of summer solar term after 1 year, repeats step (2)~(3);Then, with sowing
Machine sows the seed of drought-enduring arbor according to zonal distribution, sows drought-enduring shrub and half between adjacent zonal distribution region herein
The seed of shrub finally sows the seed of drought-enduring herbaceous plant and herbage, drought-enduring arbor, drought-enduring shrub in Degraded Grasslands entire area
And fruticuli, drought-enduring herbaceous plant, herbage seed amount ratio be 1:(3~8):(2~5):(10~20);In the area of high salinity
The seed of saline alkali tolerant plant is pointedly sowed in domain;
(5), after-culture:(4) in after insemination and emergence, after-culture optionally is carried out to arbor, shrub, and is directed to drought-enduring herbaceous plant
With the competitive relation of herbage, after-culture herbage or drought-enduring herbaceous plant;
(6), it recuperates:It after 1~2 year, is slightly herded, is herded before herbage ears branch, prohibit when turning green in early days and herd, pierce
Swash herbage and drought-enduring herbal growth, recuperation steppe vegetation 1~2 year, you can.
Wherein, the drought-enduring arbor be diversiform-leaved poplar, haloxylon ammondendron, kapok, LANNEA COROMANDELICA, rope of plaited plants tree, Ye Yang, dry land willow, pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, in vain
Two or more combination in wax, milk bush, monkey-bread tree;The drought-enduring shrub and fruticuli are Desert Rose, speckle rhinoceros horn, white horse with a black mane
Hunchbacked thorn, cactus, green bell, sea-buckthorn, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, husky honey raisin tree, caragana, bluish dogbane, white thorn, hedysarum scoparium, short fringe willow, purple bar willow,
Two or more combinations in long fringe willow, hemp, naked fruit tree, red building, wooden club tree, theezan tea;The drought-enduring herbaceous plant is sand
Bamboo, Sha Peng, swollen fruit Radix, west of a river chrysanthemum, husky green onion, aloe, salt sward, starfish flower, American aloe, sansevieria trifasciata, little Hua schizonepeta, coloured glaze bud
It is two or more in chrysanthemum, spire crow green onion, mist ice lamb's-quarters, silique lamb's-quarters, Eremurus inderiensis, hill garlic, cluster flower celery, sharp beak Mang ox seedling
Combination;The saline alkali tolerant plant is halophilous herbage, locust tree, tree-of-heaven, China tree, a kind of or a combination thereof in arrow-leaved oleaster.
The soil activating agent includes the component for the parts by weight that embodiment is related to shown in table 1.
Component (the unit of 1 soil activating agent of table:Parts by weight)
Wherein, it is described trace element include at least Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Cu, B, Cl, can also include Mo, Zn, Si, Na,
Co, Se, Al etc.;The composite bacteria agent includes at least actinomyces, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, saccharomycete, photosynthetic bacteria, may be used also
To include other various aerobic bacterias, anaerobic bacteria and various fungies.
Above example is only to illustrate the preferred technical solution of the present invention, it is noted that for the general of the art
For logical technical staff, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvement made or equivalent replacement are accordingly to be regarded as this
The protection domain of invention should be covered in scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of soil function restoration methods on hardened grassland of degenerating, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
(1), close:Degraded Grasslands region is sealed, prohibits and herds, the boundary sealed is set to Degraded Grasslands and non-Degraded Grasslands
Frontier zone;
(2), solution plate:One period in 1 year rolls the hardened characteristic area of Degraded Grasslands with grassland hardening loosening machine
Formula is loose, and it is the loose mechanism of blade type that grassland hardening loosening machine, which has the loose mechanism of blade type and the loose mechanism of aculeus type, loose mode,
After slightly breaking, then it is loose with the loose mechanism of aculeus type;
(3), activation:Soil activating agent is prepared according to formula constituent, according to the size in Degraded Grasslands region, selects several agricultural boats
Mould sprays aircraft and carries out spraying operation, and sprinkling total amount is per hectare 115 ~ 275kg soil activating agents, by soil activating agent when sprinkling
With clear water by weight 1:(20-25)Prepare, points 3 ~ 5 times, total one week it is sprayed;
(4), sowing:It same time after 1 year, cuts weeds, repeats step(2)~(3);Then, it with seeder, is broadcast according to zonal distribution
The seed of drought-enduring arbor is spread, the seed of drought-enduring shrub and fruticuli is sowed between adjacent zonal distribution region herein, finally exists
Sow the seed of drought-enduring herbaceous plant and herbage, drought-enduring arbor, drought-enduring shrub and fruticuli, drought-enduring draft in Degraded Grasslands entire area
Plant, herbage seed amount ratio be 1:(3~8):(2~5):(10~20);In the region of high salinity, salt tolerant is pointedly sowed
The seed of alkali plant;
(5), after-culture:(4)After middle insemination and emergence, after-culture optionally is carried out to arbor, shrub, and for drought-enduring herbaceous plant and is herded
The competitive relation of grass, after-culture herbage or drought-enduring herbaceous plant;
(6), recuperation:It after 1 ~ 2 year, is slightly herded, is herded before herbage ears branch, prohibit when turning green in early days and herd, stimulation is herded
Careless and drought-enduring herbal growth, recuperation steppe vegetation 1 ~ 2 year, you can.
2. a kind of soil function restoration methods on hardened grassland of degenerating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(2)With(3)The period of progress is rainwater between the Beginning of summer solar term.
3. a kind of soil function restoration methods on hardened grassland of degenerating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Drought-enduring arbor is diversiform-leaved poplar, haloxylon ammondendron, kapok, LANNEA COROMANDELICA, rope of plaited plants tree, Ye Yang, dry land willow, pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, Chinese wax, milk bush, baobab
Two or more combination in tree.
4. a kind of soil function restoration methods on hardened grassland of degenerating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Drought-enduring shrub and fruticuli be Desert Rose, speckle rhinoceros horn, camel thorn, cactus, green bell, sea-buckthorn, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, husky honey raisin tree,
In caragana, bluish dogbane, white thorn, hedysarum scoparium, short fringe willow, purple bar willow, long fringe willow, hemp, naked fruit tree, red building, wooden club tree, theezan tea
Two or more combinations.
5. a kind of soil function restoration methods on hardened grassland of degenerating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described resistance to
Non-irrigated herbaceous plant be husky bamboo, Sha Peng, swollen fruit Radix, west of a river chrysanthemum, husky green onion, aloe, salt sward, starfish flower, American aloe, sansevieria trifasciata,
Little Hua schizonepeta, coloured glaze bud chrysanthemum, spire crow green onion, mist ice lamb's-quarters, silique lamb's-quarters, Eremurus inderiensis, hill garlic, cluster flower celery, sharp beak Mang ox seedling
In two or more combinations.
6. a kind of soil function restoration methods on hardened grassland of degenerating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described resistance to
Soiline-alkali plants are halophilous herbage, locust tree, tree-of-heaven, China tree, a kind of or a combination thereof in arrow-leaved oleaster.
7. a kind of soil function restoration methods on hardened grassland of degenerating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Soil activating agent includes the component of following parts by weight:
20-35 parts of humus
12-18 parts of nitrogen
6-10 parts of phosphorus element
3-5 parts of potassium
It is 0.2-1 parts micro-
1.5-3 parts of composite bacteria agent
2-5 parts of bioactivity silicon
0.5-1 parts of biological enzyme.
8. a kind of soil function restoration methods on hardened grassland of degenerating according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described micro-
Secondary element includes at least Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Cu, B, Cl.
9. a kind of soil function restoration methods on hardened grassland of degenerating according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described multiple
Combined bacteria agent includes at least actinomyces, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, saccharomycete, photosynthetic bacteria.
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109769597A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-05-21 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | A kind of method of special elastic claw type loosener |
CN109845572A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-06-07 | 施阿珍 | A kind of method of more than tropic of cancer area plantation monkey-bread tree |
CN110754317A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-02-07 | 青岛农业大学 | Method for repairing coastal sandy land by using leguminous plants |
CN110972822A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-10 | 江苏绿之源生态建设有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for grassland |
CN112375572A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-19 | 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所(山东省农业科学院玉米工程技术研究中心) | Modifier for improving planting performance of medium-and-light saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof |
CN112470587A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-12 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Method for quickly repairing surface soil of degraded grassland |
CN112616578A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-04-09 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Ecological restoration method for deteriorated grassland |
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CN109769597A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-05-21 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | A kind of method of special elastic claw type loosener |
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CN112470587A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-12 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Method for quickly repairing surface soil of degraded grassland |
CN112470587B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-10-22 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Method for quickly repairing surface soil of degraded grassland |
CN112616578A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-04-09 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Ecological restoration method for deteriorated grassland |
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