CN108766193B - Device for in-situ observation of solidification of low-melting-point transparent alloy under pressure - Google Patents

Device for in-situ observation of solidification of low-melting-point transparent alloy under pressure Download PDF

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CN108766193B
CN108766193B CN201810508002.XA CN201810508002A CN108766193B CN 108766193 B CN108766193 B CN 108766193B CN 201810508002 A CN201810508002 A CN 201810508002A CN 108766193 B CN108766193 B CN 108766193B
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pressure
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lower die
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CN108766193A (en
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韩志强
尚闪
王非凡
吴科言
王旭阳
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Tsinghua University
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    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
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Abstract

A device for observing solidification in situ under low-melting-point transparent alloy pressure comprises a die, wherein the die comprises an upper die and a lower die, a closed cavity is formed when the upper die is matched with the lower die, the lower die comprises an upper half part of the lower die and a lower half part of the lower die, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged on the side surface of the cavity, a pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing ring is embedded in the upper die, a flaky growth chamber is arranged at the tail end of the cavity, and an independent window is arranged at the bottom of the lower die; the top of the upper die is provided with a pressure control system for controlling the pressure of the melt in the cavity, and the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are provided with data acquisition systems; the upper end and the lower end of the lower die are provided with temperature control system mounting points and a precise temperature control system, the two sides of the independent window are correspondingly provided with a light source and a high-speed camera, and the light source and the high-speed camera are on the same straight line. The invention has the characteristics of small and simple device, easy processing of the die and good sealing effect on the low-melting-point transparent alloy melt under the pressure condition.

Description

Device for in-situ observation of solidification of low-melting-point transparent alloy under pressure
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal casting forming processes and dies, in particular to a device for in-situ observation of solidification of low-melting-point transparent alloy under pressure.
Background
Extrusion casting is an advanced near-net forming process, and molten metal is stably filled in a casting process so as to avoid air entrainment; the solidification process has the effect of pressure as high as 80-120MPa, and forced extrusion feeding is generated, so that the defect of holes can be avoided. The parts produced by adopting the extrusion casting process have high density and can be subjected to heat treatment. In addition, in extrusion casting, the casting is tightly attached to the die under the action of pressure, so that interface heat transfer is enhanced, the cooling speed is increased, and crystal grains are refined. The process is suitable for producing stressed structural members with high mechanical property requirements. At present, squeeze casting has become an important means for producing high-grade nonferrous metal parts in the industrial fields of automobiles, aerospace, aviation and the like, and has good development prospect (Ghomashchi M R, VikhrovA. Squeeze casting: an overview [ J ]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2000,101(1-3): 1-9).
The process conditions affect the microstructure, which determines the mechanical properties. Pressure conditions in squeeze casting have a significant effect on microstructure such as dendrite growth rate, grain size, secondary arm spacing, and solute distribution. Because the conventional experimental method is influenced by processing conditions (mold closure) and the nature of metal (not transparent), the evolution process of the solidification microstructure under pressure cannot be directly observed, and only the final result formed by the evolution of the microstructure can be obtained. In order to understand the evolution process of the microstructure more deeply, researchers have recently conducted research using transparent alloys such as salicylate, ammonium chloride aqueous solution, succinonitrile, etc. instead of metals. The succinonitrile is a transparent body-centered cubic material, the solidification behavior is similar to that of metal, the melting point is about 58 ℃, and the succinonitrile is sensitive to pressure change, so that great convenience is provided for in-situ observation of the evolution process of dendritic crystal growth. Sawada et al used a reservoir of fluoropolymer plastic hose to apply pressure to an aqueous ammonium chloride solution in a growth vessel placed in pressure-transmitting oil by controlling the oil pressure to solve the solution sealing problem by the cooperation of the plastic hose and a metal piston. However, such hydraulic devices are complicated and the plastic hose in the device may react with succinonitrile or acetone, which is not suitable for experiments with succinonitrile or acetone (Sawada T, Takemura K, Shigematsu K, et. dynamic pressure control for solution Growth and its microorganisation [ J ]. Journal of Crystal Growth,1996,158(3): 328) 335.). Kar et al placed a stainless steel growth vessel connected to a bellows in an oil bath and pressure and temperature were controlled by the oil bath to pressurize succinonitrile in the growth chamber (Kar P, Lacombe J C, Koss M B.velocity and radius transformed catalytic growth of succinonitril [ J ]. Materials Science and technology,2004,20(10): 1273-. Such devices can only achieve thermostatic control and cannot establish temperature gradients at different locations, and therefore can only achieve equiaxed solidification of the succinonitrile material. The invention can realize in-situ observation of the evolution process of equiaxial growth or directional growth of the dendritic crystal of the succinonitrile or the succinonitrile-acetone alloy by manufacturing a small device similar to direct extrusion casting and a simple and flexible metal die. In the conventional squeeze casting, sealing can be performed by precise fitting of upper and lower dies and solidification of molten metal in a fitting gap, but since the solidified succinonitrile-acetone alloy is in a wax-like form, sealing of a melt is difficult to achieve by only precise fitting between the dies under pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the characteristics of the solidification device under the pressure of the transparent alloy and the material characteristics of the transparent alloy and adopt a simple and special sealing measure to make a reliable mold and device capable of stably carrying out the in-situ observation of the solidification of the low-melting-point transparent alloy under the pressure.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device for in-situ observation of solidification of low-melting-point transparent alloy under pressure, which solves the problem that the transparent alloy is difficult to seal under the pressure condition, has the characteristics of small and simple device, easy processing of a die and good sealing effect on low-melting-point transparent alloy melt under the pressure condition, and can realize the target of in-situ observation of the directional solidification process under the pressure of the low-melting-point transparent alloy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a device for in-situ observation of solidification of a low-melting-point transparent alloy under pressure comprises a die 1, wherein the die 1 comprises an upper die 7 and a lower die 9, a closed cavity 11 is formed when the upper die 7 is matched with the lower die 9, the lower die 9 comprises an upper die half part 10 and a lower die half part 14, a temperature sensor 12 and a pressure sensor 13 are arranged on the side surface of the cavity 11, a pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing ring 8 is embedded in the upper die 7, a flaky growth chamber 19 is arranged at the tail end of the cavity 11, and an independent window 16 is arranged at the bottom of the lower die 9; the top of the upper die 7 is provided with a pressure control system 2 for controlling the pressure of the melt in the cavity 11, and the temperature sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 13 are provided with a data acquisition system 4 for acquiring the pressure and the temperature of the melt in real time; the upper end and the lower end of the lower die 9 are both provided with a temperature control system mounting point 20 and a precise temperature control system 3, the two sides of the independent window 16 are correspondingly provided with a light source 5 and a high-speed camera 6, and the light source 5 and the high-speed camera 6 are on the same straight line.
And an independent window outer fixing piece 15 is arranged on the outer side of the independent window 16.
The independent window 16 forms an observation window 17, and the light source 5, the high-speed camera 6 and the center of the observation window 17 are in a straight line.
The sheet growth chamber 19 is formed between two pieces of sapphire glass 18 and the lower mold half 14, and the sapphire glass 18 and the lower mold half 14 are sealed through an independent window 16, a pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing ring 8 and an independent window outer side fixing piece 15.
The thickness of the sheet-shaped growth chamber 19 is 0.5mm, and a precisely controllable temperature gradient is formed in the sheet-shaped growth chamber 19.
The upper die 7 and the lower die 9 are in precise clearance fit, and the upper die and the lower die are sealed through clearance fit and a group of embedded pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing rings 8.
The temperature sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 13 are connected and sealed with the upper half part 10 of the lower die through threads, and are further sealed through pressure-resistant and heat-resistant glue.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the device is suitable for in-situ observation of solidification under the pressure of the low-melting-point transparent alloy, is simple in structure, convenient to process and manufacture, capable of forming an accurate and controllable temperature gradient in a growth chamber, provided with a pressure-resistant and high-temperature-resistant sapphire glass window, and capable of achieving the target of in-situ observation of the directional solidification process under the pressure of the transparent alloy.
In combination with the material properties of the transparent alloy, a special melt sealing technique is designed for the mold. The matching part of the upper die and the lower die is sealed by adopting a group of embedded pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing rings, and the sapphire glass and the die are sealed by the independent window, the pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing rings embedded into the independent window and the fixing piece outside the independent window, so that the problem that melts like wax and water are difficult to seal in the die under pressure is solved, and the sealing property and the stability of the die are enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for in-situ observation of solidification of a low-melting-point transparent alloy under pressure.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a mold for in-situ observation of solidification of a low-melting-point transparent alloy under pressure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a set of pressure-resistant O-rings embedded in an upper mold.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the area a in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of sapphire glass.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of a separate window structure.
Fig. 7 is a view showing the structure of the fixing member outside the separate window.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the device for in-situ observation of solidification under the pressure of the low-melting-point transparent alloy consists of a mold 1, a pressure control system 2, a temperature control system 3, a data acquisition system 4, a light source 5 and a high-speed camera 6.
The pressure control system 2 can accurately control the pressure of the melt in the mold, and the data acquisition system 4 can acquire the pressure and the temperature of the melt in real time.
As shown in fig. 2, the pressure-resistant sealing device comprises an upper die 7 and a lower die 9, wherein a pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing ring 8 is embedded in the upper die 7; the lower die 9 consists of an upper die half 10, a temperature sensor 12, a pressure sensor 13, a lower die half 14, an independent window outer side fixing piece 15, an independent window 16, a pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing ring 8, an observation window 17, sapphire glass 18 and a temperature control system connection point 20.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5: the upper die 7 and the lower die 9 form a closed cavity 11 when matched, and the closed cavity is used for placing transparent alloy liquid solids; a flaky growth chamber 19 is formed between the two pieces of sapphire glass 18 and the die, and the transparent alloy melt enters the flaky growth chamber 19 with the thickness of 0.5mm from the die cavity 11 with the diameter of 15 mm.
The upper half part 10 and the lower half part 14 of the lower die are both provided with a precise temperature control system 3, and a precisely controllable temperature gradient is formed in the lamellar growth chamber 19.
The light source 5, the high-speed camera 6 and the center of the observation window 17 are on the same straight line; the growth or melting process of the transparent alloy in the lamellar growth chamber 19 can be observed and recorded in situ by means of a high-speed camera 6 under the illumination of a light source 5.
As shown in fig. 3: the upper die 7 and the lower die 9 are in precise clearance fit, a pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing ring 8 on the upper die 7 is embedded into the upper die 7, and the upper die 7 and the lower die 9 are sealed through precise fit and a group of embedded pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing rings 8.
The temperature sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 13 are connected and sealed with the upper half part 10 of the lower die through threads, and are further sealed through pressure-resistant and heat-resistant glue.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7: the individual windows 16 are arranged on the lower mould 9 by means of a sealing ring groove 22, the individual windows 16 forming the viewing windows 17. The sapphire glass 18 and the lower die lower half portion 14 are sealed through the independent window 16, the pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing ring 8 embedded into the independent window 16 and the independent window outer side fixing piece 15, the pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing ring 8 is squeezed by the sapphire glass 18, the independent window 16 and the independent window outer side fixing piece 15 to achieve a sealing effect, and the independent window outer side fixing piece 15 is provided with a screw hole 22.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
taking succinonitrile-2 wt.% acetone alloy as an example, in operation, a transparent alloy sample is loaded into a cavity 11, a precise temperature control system 3 arranged on a die 1 is started, the alloy enters a sheet-shaped growth chamber 19 with the thickness of 0.5mm from the cavity 11 with the diameter of 15mm after being melted, an upper die 7 enters a lower die 9 under the control of a pressure control system 2, and pressure is applied to a melt in the cavity 11. The upper half part 10 and the lower half part 14 of the lower die are both provided with a precise temperature control system 3, a precisely controllable temperature gradient is formed in the lamellar growth chamber 19, and the melt is directionally solidified in the lamellar growth chamber 19 under the action of the pressure control system 2. The light source 5, the high-speed camera 6 and the center of the observation window 17 are in a straight line, and the growth or melting process of the transparent alloy in the lamellar growth chamber 19 can be observed and recorded in situ through the high-speed camera 6 under the irradiation of the light source 5.
In the process of pressing, the matching part of the upper die 7 and the upper half part 10 of the lower die is easy to leak, and sealing is carried out through the pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing ring 8 embedded into the upper die 7 and precise clearance matching; the sapphire glass 18 and the die 1 are easy to leak, the sealing is carried out through the independent window 16, the pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing ring 8 embedded into the independent window 16 and the independent window outer side fixing piece 15, and the pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing ring 8 is extruded by the sapphire glass 18, the independent window 16 and the independent window outer side fixing piece 15 to realize the sealing function; the joints between the temperature sensor 12 and the pressure sensor 13 and the die are easy to leak, and are sealed by threaded connection and pressure-resistant and heat-resistant glue. The device has simple structure and simple and convenient operation, and can ensure the sealing property and the stability of the die in the experimental process.

Claims (4)

1. The device for in-situ observation of solidification under the pressure of the low-melting-point transparent alloy is characterized by comprising a mold (1), wherein the mold (1) comprises an upper mold (7) and a lower mold (9), a closed cavity (11) is formed when the upper mold (7) is matched with the lower mold (9), the lower mold (9) comprises an upper half part (10) of the lower mold and a lower half part (14) of the lower mold, a temperature sensor (12) and a pressure sensor (13) are arranged on the side surface of the cavity (11), a pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing ring (8) is embedded in the upper mold (7), a sheet-shaped growth chamber (19) is arranged at the tail end of the cavity (11), and an independent window (16) is arranged at the bottom of the lower mold (9); the top of the upper die (7) is provided with a pressure control system (2) for controlling the pressure of the melt in the cavity (11), and the temperature sensor (12) and the pressure sensor (13) are provided with a pressure and temperature data acquisition system (4) for acquiring the melt in real time; the upper end and the lower end of the lower die (9) are respectively provided with a temperature control system mounting point (20) and a precise temperature control system (3), the two sides of the independent window (16) are correspondingly provided with a light source (5) and a high-speed camera (6), and the light source (5) and the high-speed camera (6) are on the same straight line;
the thin-sheet growth chamber (19) is formed between two pieces of sapphire glass (18) and the lower half part (14) of the lower die, and the sapphire glass (18) and the lower half part (14) of the lower die are sealed through an independent window (16), a pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing ring (8) and an independent window outer side fixing piece (15);
the thickness of the flaky growth chamber (19) is 0.5mm, and a precisely controllable temperature gradient is formed in the flaky growth chamber (19);
the upper die (7) and the lower die (9) are in precise clearance fit, and the upper die and the lower die are sealed through clearance fit and a group of embedded pressure-resistant O-shaped sealing rings (8).
2. The device for in-situ observation of solidification under pressure of a low melting point transparent alloy according to claim 1, wherein the outside of the separate window (16) is provided with a separate window outside fixing member (15).
3. The apparatus for in-situ observation of solidification under pressure of a low melting point transparent alloy according to claim 2, wherein the independent window (16) forms an observation window (17), and the light source (5), the high speed camera (6) and the center of the observation window (17) are aligned.
4. The device for in-situ observation of solidification of low melting point transparent alloy under pressure according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor (12) and the pressure sensor (13) are connected and sealed with the upper half part (10) of the lower mold through threads, and are further sealed through pressure-resistant and heat-resistant glue.
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CN106077563A (en) * 2016-08-17 2016-11-09 深圳领威科技有限公司 Liquid metal die casting machine and pressure casting method
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102590455A (en) * 2012-02-16 2012-07-18 西北工业大学 Device and method for measuring infiltration characteristic of vacuum air-pressure infiltration method
CN106077563A (en) * 2016-08-17 2016-11-09 深圳领威科技有限公司 Liquid metal die casting machine and pressure casting method
CN106546717A (en) * 2016-11-03 2017-03-29 清华大学 A kind of visualization high temperature thermoformable engineer testing system

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