CN108766185B - Tower crane lifting and dismantling program operation experience type training device and method - Google Patents
Tower crane lifting and dismantling program operation experience type training device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108766185B CN108766185B CN201810874760.3A CN201810874760A CN108766185B CN 108766185 B CN108766185 B CN 108766185B CN 201810874760 A CN201810874760 A CN 201810874760A CN 108766185 B CN108766185 B CN 108766185B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tower crane lifting and dismantling program operation experience type training device and method. The experience type training device sequentially takes a foundation, a stand column and an operation sleeve frame from bottom to top. All the components are sequentially overlapped and distributed, so that the occupied space is small, and a large amount of components are conveniently distributed. The foundation is a steel-concrete or steel-structure foundation, the upright column is formed by vertically connecting a plurality of standard sections of the tower crane, and the standard sections can be normally disassembled and assembled. The operation sleeve frame is composed of a tower crane jacking sleeve frame and a water tank, the jacking sleeve frame has the original complete function of the tower crane, the water tank is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder side of the jacking sleeve frame, and the jacking system can be regulated to balance through the weight of injected water or discharged water. The experience type training method is realized through the experience type training device, and three aspects of tower suspended ceiling lifting operation experience type training, tower suspended ceiling disassembly operation experience type training and training effect evaluation are covered. The invention can truly simulate the lifting and dismantling operation scene of the suspended ceiling of the tower, realize that a large number of students can experience and train simultaneously, and break the limitation of traditional teaching type education and training.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of experience-type safety education and training, and particularly relates to a tower crane lifting and dismantling procedure operation experience-type training device and a tower crane lifting and dismantling procedure operation experience-type training method.
Background
The lifting and adding sections and the dismantling operation of the tower suspended ceiling are key links of the operation of the tower crane on a construction site, belong to complex flow operation under limited time and space, are often the main reasons for unstably collapsing the tower crane due to improper operation flow in the lifting and dismantling processes, lead to equipment and peripheral facilities damage due to light accidents, and lead to group death and group injury due to heavy accidents. The tower crane is installed and removed the worker and is regarded as the execution carrier of the jacking, demolish the operation, is the key factor of jacking, demolish the operation safety. How to ensure that the tower crane installing and dismantling workers follow the correct lifting and dismantling operation flow under the complex space-time environment is an important issue. Safety training is an important point of force in controlling the safety of worker behavior. The safety training of workers is enhanced, the safety consciousness and the safety skills of the workers are improved, and the important significance is achieved in the period of reducing unsafe behaviors of the workers in the jacking operation process.
At present, the security training related to tower crane operation mainly comprises theoretical learning, face knowledge, physical observation and the like, and has the following problems: (1) The training mode is influenced by the level of lectures staff and education hardware equipment, the training effect is uneven, and the training workers cannot comprehensively master operation safety knowledge. (2) Because the danger in the jacking and dismantling operation processes is high, workers cannot directly participate in actual operation, and cannot experience a real operation scene.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks or improvements of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a tower crane lifting and dismantling procedure operation experience training device. The experience type training device can simulate the lifting and dismantling procedure operation scene of the suspended ceiling of the tower truly, safely and reliably. The experience type training method breaks through the traditional teaching type education and the sightseeing type education of the special operation workers of the tower crane, so that the workers experience specific operation details of lifting and dismantling operation of the tower suspended ceiling through the operation training device; the training device components are vertically overlapped and distributed, the occupied space is small (the maximum size of the training device taking the TC6013 tower crane as an example is 3.73 multiplied by 3.73m, and the height is 8.40-11.20 m), the training device components can be intensively distributed, and a large number of students can receive experience training at the same time. Meanwhile, the management personnel can conduct guidance and assessment on training workers in real time, and the purposes of training and assessing tower crane workers are achieved. The invention further aims to provide a tower crane lifting and dismantling program operation experience type training method which can assist in practical training and examination of special operation workers of the tower crane.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical measures:
the utility model provides a tower crane jacking and demolishs procedure operation experience type training set, is from top to bottom vertical superpose in proper order including operation cover frame, stand, basis, the stand is by the vertical superpose of five standard festival, and the support of standard festival passes through the bolt housing butt joint, operation cover frame includes tower furred ceiling and rises cover frame, and water tank, the water tank is fixed in the lift cover frame hydraulic cylinder side, still is equipped with drain pipe and drain valve on the water tank, can adjust operation cover frame jacking through water injection, weight of draining and demolish the balance of in-process.
Preferably, the standard section positioned at the lowest part of the upright post and reinforced concrete are integrally poured and buried underground, so that the whole upright post is stably fixed on the ground.
Further, the foundation is made of C20 concrete, is matched with reinforcing steel meshes with the diameter of 12@200, has the vertical distance of 500, is not less than 2 pieces, is not less than 350mm in exposed ground, has the basic dimension of 2.5 x 2.5 m, has the thickness of not less than 1 m, and is compacted on the ground.
Preferably, the operation sleeve frame further comprises a water storage tank and an introduction platform, wherein the water storage tank is rectangular, the top of the jacking sleeve frame is communicated with the water tank through a water pipe, and a magnetic-sensitive electronic bicolor liquid level meter and a liquid level transmitter are vertically arranged around the water storage tank and used for feeding back whether the operation sleeve frame is positioned in the center of the upright post or not to a person to be trained and the controller respectively; the introduction platform is provided with a trolley.
Preferably, the input end of the controller is also connected with a first vortex type sensor, a second vortex type sensor, a third vortex type sensor, a fourth vortex type proximity switch, a fifth vortex type proximity switch, a sixth vortex type sensor and a seventh vortex type sensor in a signal manner, the output end of the controller is connected with a relay of a hydraulic cylinder oil pump in a signal manner, the upper end cross beam of the tower crane jacking sleeve frame is connected with the topmost standard section of the upright column through a bolt, and the upper end cross beam of the tower crane jacking sleeve frame is positioned at the top of the suspension frame and is provided with the first vortex type sensor; the second vortex sensor is positioned at the bottom of the bolt sleeve at the upper end of the standard joint support; the tower crane jacking sleeve frame is provided with a jacking cross beam and climbing claws, the lower peripheral surfaces of trunnions at two ends of the jacking cross beam are provided with mounting holes, and a third vortex sensor is arranged in the mounting holes; the bottoms of the two ends of the jacking cross beam are provided with push rod type bolts and bolt sleeves, and the positions of the bolt sleeves, which correspond to the positions of extending and retracting the bolts, are respectively provided with a fourth vortex type proximity switch and a fifth vortex type proximity switch; the lower surface of the climbing claw is provided with a detection hole, and a sixth vortex sensor is arranged in the detection hole; the seventh vortex sensor is positioned on the introduction platform on the tower ceiling lifting sleeve frame and used for detecting the position of the trolley.
Further, the input end of the controller is also in signal connection with a display, and the control switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder, the power switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder and the training program selection button are also in signal connection with the controller.
A tower crane lifting and dismantling procedure operation experience type training method,
the steps are that,
experience type tower crane disassembly training process:
(1) After checking the performance and the condition of the training device, the training personnel select a training item through a training item selection button;
(2) The controller collects liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters, if the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters is larger than a threshold value, the situation that the lifting sleeve frame of the tower suspended ceiling is unbalanced is judged, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend through the relay until the water tank is filled with water by the water storage tank or the moment reaches balance before and after the training device is discharged by the water tank, and the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters is smaller than the threshold value;
(3) The controller monitors a third vortex type proximity switch or a fourth vortex type proximity switch at two ends of the jacking beam, if signals are monitored, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend and retract through the relay, the switching value signals acquired by the second vortex type sensor are checked until a high-strength bolt connecting the top standard joint with a bolt sleeve of the installed standard joint is removed, and the second vortex type sensor does not sense the high-strength bolt;
(4) Slowly extending out of the hydraulic cylinder to enable the top standard section to rise and stop against the assembled standard section; the controller checks the switching value signal acquired by the seventh vortex sensor, when the trolley is pulled into the sleeve to the position right below the top standard section, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend and retract through the relay until the first vortex sensor does not monitor the position signal of the connecting bolt of the tower crane jacking operation sleeve frame and the top standard section bolt sleeve, and the seventh vortex sensor senses that the trolley leaves the top standard section and is mounted on the tower crane jacking operation sleeve frame introducing platform;
(5) The controller collects liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters, if the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters is larger than a threshold value, the imbalance of the lifting sleeve frame of the suspended ceiling of the tower is judged, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend out through the relay until the water tank is filled with water by the water storage tank or the moment reaches balance before and after the water tank discharges water to enable the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters to be smaller than the threshold value;
(6) The controller monitors a switching value signal of the sixth vortex sensor, if the sixth vortex sensor senses stepping and the fifth vortex sensor monitors that the push rod type plug is extended, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to retract through the relay, and the switching value signal acquired by the fourth vortex sensor is checked until the push rod type plug is retracted to the fourth vortex type proximity switch and the signal is not monitored; the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend through the relay until the third eddy current sensor does not monitor the switching value signal;
(7) Closing a power supply of the hydraulic cylinder, monitoring switching value signals of the second vortex sensor and the first vortex sensor by a controller, and allowing the tower crane to be disassembled when the high-strength bolt connecting the top standard joint and the assembled standard joint bolt sleeve is detected to be installed;
(8) And discharging the water in the water tank.
(9) And (3) when the hydraulic oil cylinder stops running according to the observation of the display by a training teacher, if the control switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder is not classified as 0 bit or the power switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder is not disconnected, ending the penalty experience training.
Experience type tower suspended ceiling lifting training process:
(10) After checking the performance and condition of the training device, the training personnel select the training items through the training item selection button;
(11) The controller monitors switching value signals acquired by the third vortex sensor and the fourth vortex sensor, if the first vortex sensor monitors that the two ends of the jacking cross beam are positioned in the stepping notch and the push rod type bolt extends out, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend and retract through the relay until the first vortex sensor monitors that all connecting bolts of the upper end of the tower crane jacking sleeve frame and the standard section at the top of the upright post are removed, the switching value signals are not acquired;
(12) The controller collects liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters, if the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters is larger than a threshold value, the situation that the lifting sleeve frame of the tower suspended ceiling is unbalanced is judged, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend through the relay until the water tank is filled with water by the water storage tank or the moment reaches balance before and after the training device is discharged by the water tank, and the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters is smaller than the threshold value;
(13) The controller monitors a switching value signal of the sixth vortex sensor, if the sixth vortex sensor senses stepping and the fifth vortex sensor monitors that the push rod type plug stretches out, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to retract through the relay until the switching value signal which is not acquired by the sixth vortex sensor is monitored; or until the fourth vortex sensor is monitored to collect the push rod type bolt to retract, and the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to push out through the relay until the third vortex sensor and the fifth vortex sensor are monitored to collect the switching value signals;
(14) After the hydraulic push rod stops extending, the controller checks a switching value signal acquired by a seventh vortex sensor, and when the trolley is pulled into the sleeve to the position right below the top standard section, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend and retract through a relay;
(15) Until the first vortex sensor monitors a position signal of a connecting bolt of the tower crane jacking operation sleeve frame and the top standard section bolt sleeve, the seventh vortex sensor senses that the trolley leaves the top standard section and is mounted on the tower crane jacking operation sleeve frame introducing platform;
(16) Closing a power supply of the hydraulic cylinder, and monitoring a switching value signal acquired by a second vortex sensor by the controller, wherein if the second vortex sensor senses that the high-strength bolt is connected with a bolt sleeve of the standard section to be added and the standard section to be installed;
(17) And (5) finishing the experience training and checking the training device.
(18) And (3) when the hydraulic oil cylinder stops running according to the observation of the display by a training teacher, if the control switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder is not classified as 0 bit or the power switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder is not disconnected, ending the penalty experience training.
The manager evaluates the training process, and the specific content is that 1) the worker behaviors are monitored and recorded in the training process, 2) the improper behaviors are corrected and guided, and 3) the training results are given to workers through a scoring table.
In general, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
(1) Compared with complete tower crane equipment, the training device removes the tower crane lifting arm, the balance arm and the tower head, eliminates the risk factors caused by unbalanced tower top moment, and fundamentally eliminates the risks of lifting, removing instability and collapse of the tower crane in the training process; the device removes a tower crane foundation section, adopts a mode that a bottom standard section is directly fixed on a foundation, ensures the overall stability of the device, minimizes the height of the device, greatly reduces the risk of high-altitude operation in the experience training process, and can accommodate more training staff for training at the same time;
(2) The training device reserves the standard section and the jacking sleeve frame of the tower body, and the training method truly simulates the operation steps of the lifting and dismantling procedure of the tower suspended ceiling, so that in the experience type operation training, the operation objects and main operation contents of workers are completely consistent with the actual lifting and dismantling procedure of the tower suspended ceiling, and the experience type training effect is achieved.
(3) The main component of the device can be a tower crane component to be scrapped, so that the input cost of the device is reduced, and the device can also be manufactured independently. The training method comprehensively covers the lifting and dismantling operation flow of the tower suspended ceiling, a crane is not required to be additionally arranged in the training process to assist in lifting standard sections, training field equipment and operation space (the maximum size of a training device taking the TC6013 tower crane as an example is 3.73 multiplied by 3.73m, and the height is 8.40-11.20 m) can be saved, the training device can be conveniently and intensively arranged, a large number of students can experience training, and special workers of the tower suspended ceiling can be trained and assisted in examination.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a training device component of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a pictorial view of the handling holster in the training device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a pictorial view of the column in the training apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a physical schematic of a lifting beam and steps in the training apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a physical schematic of a climbing claw in the training device of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a pictorial illustration of a standard knot support in the training device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a workflow diagram of a tower crane lifting and dismantling program operation experience training method;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the training device control principle of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the method of the present invention.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Fig. 1 shows a tower crane lifting and dismantling procedure operation experience type training device constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 1-3, the training device is fixed on the ground 12 and comprises three parts, namely a reinforced concrete foundation 13, a stand column 11 and an operation sleeve frame 14 from the ground upwards. Wherein the upright posts are sequentially connected from bottom to top by 5 standard sections (11.1A, 11.2B, 11.3C, 11.4D and 11.5E), the upright posts 11 are vertically overlapped by five standard sections, and brackets 11.6 of the standard sections are butted by bolt sleeves 11.7; the operation sleeve frame is composed of a tower crane jacking sleeve frame 16 and a water tank 15, the jacking sleeve frame has the original complete function of the tower crane, a drain pipe and a drain valve are further arranged on the water tank 15, the water tank is fixed on the side of a jacking sleeve frame hydraulic oil cylinder 17, and the balance in the jacking and dismantling processes of the operation sleeve frame can be adjusted through water injection and drainage weight.
The standard section 11.1A positioned at the lowest part of the upright post 11 and reinforced concrete are integrally poured and buried underground, so that the whole upright post is stably fixed on the ground.
The ground 12 is compacted, the foundation can be made of C20 concrete, the diameter of the foundation is 12@200 steel mesh, the vertical distance is 500, the exposed ground is not less than 350mm, the foundation size (taking TC6013 tower crane as an example) is 2.5 x 2.5 m, and the thickness is not less than 1 m. The upper end of the tower suspended ceiling lifting sleeve frame in the operation sleeve frame is connected with the upright post standard section 11.5E.
Preferably, the operation sleeve frame further comprises a water storage groove 18, the water storage groove is rectangular, the top of the lifting sleeve frame 16 of the tower suspended ceiling is communicated with the water tank 15 through a water pipe 19, and a magnetic-sensitive electronic bicolor liquid level meter 20 and a liquid level transmitter 21 are vertically arranged around the water storage groove and used for feeding back whether the operation sleeve frame is positioned in the center of the upright post or not to the training personnel and the controller 8 respectively.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 8, the input end of the controller is further connected with a first vortex sensor 1, a second vortex sensor 2, a third vortex sensor 3, a fourth vortex proximity switch 4, a fifth vortex proximity switch 5, a sixth vortex sensor 6 and a seventh vortex sensor 7, as shown in fig. 2, the upper end beam 22 of the tower crane lifting frame 16 is connected with the top end standard joint 11.5E of the upright column through a bolt 23, and the upper end beam of the tower crane lifting frame is positioned at the top of the suspension bracket 24 and is provided with the first vortex sensor 1; the second vortex sensor 2 is positioned at the bottom of the bolt sleeve 11.7 at the upper end of the standard joint support 11.6; the lifting cross beam 25 and the climbing claws 30 are arranged on the lifting sleeve frame of the tower crane as shown in fig. 4-6, mounting holes 27 are arranged on the lower peripheral surfaces of trunnions 26 at two ends of the lifting cross beam 25, and the third vortex sensor 3 is arranged in the mounting holes; the bottoms of the two ends of the jacking cross beam are provided with push rod type bolts 28 and bolt sleeves 29, and the positions of the bolt sleeves, which correspond to the extending and retracting positions of the bolts, are respectively provided with a fourth vortex type proximity switch 4 and a fifth vortex type proximity switch 5; the lower surface of the climbing claw 30 is provided with a detection hole 31, and the sixth vortex sensor 6 is arranged in the detection hole; a seventh eddy current sensor 7 is located on the introduction platform 32 on the tower ceiling lifting frame for detecting the position of the trolley. The standard joint support is also provided with a step 11.8.
The input end of the controller is also in signal connection with a display 9.3, and the input end of the controller is also in signal connection with a control switch 9 of the hydraulic oil cylinder, a power switch 9.1 of the hydraulic oil cylinder and a training program selection button 9.2
FIG. 7 is a workflow diagram of a tower crane lifting and removal procedure operation experience training method constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, comprising the steps of:
experience type tower crane disassembly training process:
(1) After checking the performance and the condition of the training device;
(2) Judging whether the difference value of liquid level values acquired by the four liquid level transmitters is larger than 2cm, if so, filling water into a water tank by utilizing a water storage tank or discharging water from the water tank to balance the front moment and the rear moment of the training device, wherein the gravity center at the upper part of the tower crane jacking sleeve frame falls on a jacking hydraulic cylinder;
(3) The hydraulic cylinder is extended to enable the trunnion of the jacking cross beam to descend to a step position below the first standard section below, the trunnion at the two ends of the jacking cross beam is placed into a step notch, a push rod type bolt is pushed out, a high-strength bolt connecting the top standard section with a bolt sleeve of the installed standard section is removed, the hydraulic cylinder is extended slowly, and the top standard section is lifted over against the installed standard section;
(4) The trolley is pulled into the sleeve to the position right below the top standard section, the connecting bolt of the tower ceiling lifting operation sleeve frame and the top standard section bolt sleeve is removed, the trolley is pulled out to remove the top standard section, and the trolley is mounted on the tower ceiling lifting operation sleeve frame introducing platform;
(5) Judging whether the difference value of liquid level values acquired by the four liquid level transmitters is larger than 2cm, if so, water is injected into a water tank by utilizing a water storage tank, or the water tank discharges water to balance the front moment and the rear moment of a training device, the gravity center at the upper part of a tower crane jacking sleeve frame falls on a jacking hydraulic cylinder, and the movable climbing claw is opened to enable the movable climbing claw to overturn to the position above a standard section step, and slowly retract the hydraulic cylinder to enable the movable climbing claw to step on the standard section step to support the tower ceiling jacking sleeve frame;
(6) The push rod type bolt is disconnected, the hydraulic cylinder is slowly extended out, the trunnions at the two ends of the jacking cross beam are moved out of the supporting step notch at the upper side of the first standard section below, the hydraulic cylinder is extended, the trunnions at the two ends of the jacking cross beam are placed in the supporting step notch at the upper side of the second standard section below, the push rod type bolt is pushed out, the hydraulic cylinder is slowly lifted, the movable climbing claw is put down, the movable climbing claw is separated from the upper side of the standard section step, and then the hydraulic cylinder is slowly retracted to perform tower ceiling lifting operation sleeve frame descending operation;
(7) The tower suspended ceiling lifting operation sleeve frame is just opposite to the installed standard section and falls down, and a connecting bolt for jacking the operation sleeve frame and the installed standard section bolt sleeve is installed;
(8) And discharging the water in the water tank.
Experience type tower suspended ceiling lifting training process:
(9) After the performance and the condition of the training device are checked, trunnions at two ends of the jacking cross beam are placed into bearing step notches at the upper edge of the last one standard section, push out push rod type bolts, and all connecting bolts between the upper end of the tower crane jacking sleeve frame and the standard section at the top of the upright post are removed;
(10) Operating a hydraulic cylinder to enable a tower crane jacking sleeve frame to jack up by 100mm, judging whether the difference value of liquid level values acquired by four liquid level transmitters is larger than 2cm, if so, filling water into a water tank by using a water storage tank or discharging water from the water tank to enable front and rear moment of a training device to reach balance, and enabling the gravity center at the upper part of the tower crane jacking sleeve frame to fall on the jacking hydraulic cylinder;
(11) Continuously lifting the operation sleeve frame, opening the movable climbing claw, enabling the movable climbing claw to overturn above the standard section stepping, slowly retracting the hydraulic cylinder, and enabling the movable climbing claw to step on the standard section stepping to support the tower suspended ceiling lifting sleeve frame; continuously retracting the hydraulic cylinder to enable the trunnion of the jacking cross beam to rise to the step position below the first last standard section, putting the trunnions at the two ends of the jacking cross beam into a step gap, pushing out the push rod type bolt, and continuously jacking the lifting operation sleeve frame of the tower crane;
(12) The trolley is pulled into the standard section to be added into the sleeve joint;
(13) The bolt sleeve of the standard section is connected with a tower suspended ceiling lifting operation sleeve frame through bolts;
(14) Slowly retracting the hydraulic cylinder to enable the standard joint to be added to fall down after facing the standard joint, taking out the trolley, and connecting the standard joint to be added and the bolt sleeve of the standard joint by using a high-strength bolt;
(15) The jacking cross beam is retracted, and water in the water tank is discharged;
(16) And after the experience training is finished, checking the training device, and waiting for the indication and evaluation of the manager.
When the steps are executed, the training device executes the following steps to train:
the steps are that,
experience type tower crane disassembly training process:
(1) After checking the performance and the condition of the training device, the training personnel select a training item through a training item selection button;
(2) The controller collects liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters, if the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters is larger than 2cm, the situation that the lifting sleeve frame of the suspended ceiling of the tower is unbalanced is judged, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend out through the relay 9.4 until the water tank is filled with water by the water storage tank or the moment reaches balance before and after the training device is discharged by the water tank, and the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters is smaller than 2cm;
(3) The controller monitors a third vortex type proximity switch or a fourth vortex type proximity switch at two ends of the jacking beam, if signals are monitored, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend and retract through the relay, the switching value signals acquired by the second vortex type sensor are checked until a high-strength bolt connecting the top standard joint with a bolt sleeve of the installed standard joint is removed, and the second vortex type sensor does not sense the high-strength bolt;
(4) Slowly extending out of the hydraulic cylinder to enable the top standard section to rise and stop against the assembled standard section; the controller checks the switching value signal acquired by the seventh vortex sensor, when the trolley is pulled into the sleeve to the position right below the top standard section, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend and retract through the relay until the first vortex sensor does not monitor the position signal of the connecting bolt of the tower crane jacking operation sleeve frame and the top standard section bolt sleeve, and the seventh vortex sensor senses that the trolley leaves the top standard section and is mounted on the tower crane jacking operation sleeve frame introducing platform;
(5) The controller collects liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters, if the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters is larger than 2cm, the imbalance of the lifting sleeve frame of the suspended ceiling of the tower is judged, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend out through the relay until the water tank is filled with water by the water storage tank or the moment reaches balance before and after the water tank discharges water to enable the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters to be smaller than 2cm;
(6) The controller monitors a switching value signal of the sixth vortex sensor, if the sixth vortex sensor senses stepping and the fifth vortex sensor monitors that the push rod type plug is extended, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to retract through the relay, and the switching value signal acquired by the fourth vortex sensor is checked until the push rod type plug is retracted to the fourth vortex type proximity switch and the signal is not monitored; the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend through the relay until the third eddy current sensor does not monitor the switching value signal;
(7) Closing a power supply of the hydraulic cylinder, monitoring switching value signals of the second vortex sensor and the first vortex sensor by a controller, and allowing the tower crane to be disassembled when the high-strength bolt connecting the top standard joint and the assembled standard joint bolt sleeve is detected to be installed;
(8) And discharging the water in the water tank.
(9) And (3) when the hydraulic oil cylinder stops running according to the observation of the display by a training teacher, if the control switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder is not classified as 0 bit or the power switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder is not disconnected, ending the penalty experience training.
Experience type tower suspended ceiling lifting training process:
(10) After checking the performance and condition of the training device, the training personnel select the training items through the training item selection button;
(11) The controller monitors switching value signals acquired by the third vortex sensor and the fourth vortex sensor, if the first vortex sensor monitors that the two ends of the jacking cross beam are positioned in the stepping notch and the push rod type bolt extends out, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend and retract through the relay until the first vortex sensor monitors that all connecting bolts of the upper end of the tower crane jacking sleeve frame and the standard section at the top of the upright post are removed, the switching value signals are not acquired;
(12) The controller collects liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters, if the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters is larger than 2cm, the situation that the lifting sleeve frame of the suspended ceiling of the tower is unbalanced is judged, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend out through the relay until the water storage tank is used for filling water into the water tank or the water tank is drained to balance the front moment and the rear moment of the training device, and the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters is smaller than 2cm;
(13) The controller monitors a switching value signal of the sixth vortex sensor, if the sixth vortex sensor senses stepping and the fifth vortex sensor monitors that the push rod type plug stretches out, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to retract through the relay until the switching value signal which is not acquired by the sixth vortex sensor is monitored; or until the fourth vortex sensor is monitored to collect the push rod type bolt to retract, and the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to push out through the relay until the third vortex sensor and the fifth vortex sensor are monitored to collect the switching value signals;
(14) After the hydraulic push rod stops extending, the controller checks a switching value signal acquired by a seventh vortex sensor, and when the trolley is pulled into the sleeve to the position right below the top standard section, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend and retract through a relay;
(15) Until the first vortex sensor monitors a position signal of a connecting bolt of the tower crane jacking operation sleeve frame and the top standard section bolt sleeve, the seventh vortex sensor senses that the trolley leaves the top standard section and is mounted on the tower crane jacking operation sleeve frame introducing platform;
(16) Closing a power supply of the hydraulic cylinder, and monitoring a switching value signal acquired by a second vortex sensor by the controller, wherein if the second vortex sensor senses that the high-strength bolt is connected with a bolt sleeve of the standard section to be added and the standard section to be installed;
(17) And (5) finishing the experience training and checking the training device.
(18) And (3) when the hydraulic oil cylinder stops running according to the observation of the display by a training teacher, if the control switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder is not classified as 0 bit or the power switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder is not disconnected, ending the penalty experience training.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The experimental training device for the lifting and dismantling procedure operation of the tower crane sequentially comprises an operation sleeve frame, upright posts and a foundation from top to bottom, and is characterized in that the upright posts are vertically overlapped by five standard sections, and brackets of the standard sections are in butt joint through bolt sleeves;
the operation sleeve frame comprises a tower suspended ceiling lifting sleeve frame, a water tank, a water storage tank and an introduction platform, wherein the water storage tank is rectangular, the top of the lifting sleeve frame is communicated with the water tank through a water pipe, and a magnetic-sensitive electronic bicolor liquid level meter and a liquid level transmitter are vertically arranged around the water storage tank and used for feeding back whether the operation sleeve frame is positioned in the center of the upright post or not to a person to be trained and a controller respectively; the water tank is fixed on the side of the hydraulic cylinder of the jacking sleeve frame, and is also provided with a drain pipe and a drain valve, so that the balance in the jacking and dismantling processes of the operation sleeve frame can be adjusted through water injection and drainage weight;
the input end of the controller is also in signal connection with a first vortex type sensor, a second vortex type sensor, a third vortex type sensor, a fourth vortex type proximity switch, a fifth vortex type proximity switch, a sixth vortex type sensor and a seventh vortex type sensor, the output end of the controller is in signal connection with a relay of a hydraulic oil cylinder pump, a beam at the upper end of a tower crane jacking sleeve frame is connected with a standard section at the top end of a stand column through a bolt, and the beam at the upper end of the tower crane jacking sleeve frame is provided with the first vortex type sensor at the top of a suspension frame; the second vortex sensor is positioned at the bottom of the bolt sleeve at the upper end of the standard joint support; the tower crane jacking sleeve frame is provided with a jacking cross beam and climbing claws, the lower peripheral surfaces of trunnions at two ends of the jacking cross beam are provided with mounting holes, and a third vortex sensor is arranged in the mounting holes; the bottoms of the two ends of the jacking cross beam are provided with push rod type bolts and bolt sleeves, and the positions of the bolt sleeves, which correspond to the positions of extending and retracting the bolts, are respectively provided with a fourth vortex type proximity switch and a fifth vortex type proximity switch; the lower surface of the climbing claw is provided with a detection hole, and a sixth vortex sensor is arranged in the detection hole; the seventh vortex sensor is positioned on the introducing platform on the tower ceiling lifting sleeve frame and used for detecting the position of the trolley;
the input end of the controller also comprises a control switch for monitoring the hydraulic oil cylinder by signals, a power switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder and a training program selection button, and the output end of the controller is also connected with a display by signals.
2. The training device of claim 1, wherein the standard section at the lowermost part of the upright is integrally cast with reinforced concrete and buried in the ground, so that the upright is integrally and stably fixed on the ground.
3. The training device of claim 1, wherein the foundation is made of C20 concrete, is provided with reinforcing mesh pieces with a diameter of 12mm and a spacing of 200mm, has a vertical spacing of 500mm or more and 2 or more, has an exposed ground of 350mm or more, has a basic dimension of 2.5 x 2.5 m, has a thickness of 1 m or more, and has a ground compacting effect.
4. A tower crane lifting and dismantling program operation experience type training method based on the training device as claimed in claim 1 comprises the following steps of,
experience type tower crane disassembly training process:
(1) After checking the performance and the condition of the training device, the training personnel select a training item through a training item selection button;
(2) The controller collects liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters, if the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters is larger than a threshold value, the situation that the lifting sleeve frame of the tower suspended ceiling is unbalanced is judged, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend through the relay until the water tank is filled with water by the water storage tank or the moment reaches balance before and after the training device is discharged by the water tank, and the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters is smaller than the threshold value;
(3) The controller monitors a third vortex type proximity switch or a fourth vortex type proximity switch at two ends of the jacking beam, if signals are monitored, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend and retract through the relay, the switching value signals acquired by the second vortex type sensor are checked until a high-strength bolt connecting the top standard joint with a bolt sleeve of the installed standard joint is removed, and the second vortex type sensor does not sense the high-strength bolt;
(4) Slowly extending out of the hydraulic cylinder to enable the top standard section to rise and stop against the assembled standard section; the controller checks the switching value signal acquired by the seventh vortex sensor, when the trolley is pulled into the sleeve to the position right below the top standard section, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend and retract through the relay until the first vortex sensor does not monitor the position signal of the connecting bolt of the tower crane jacking operation sleeve frame and the top standard section bolt sleeve, and the seventh vortex sensor senses that the trolley leaves the top standard section and is mounted on the tower crane jacking operation sleeve frame introducing platform;
(5) The controller collects liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters, if the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters is larger than a threshold value, the imbalance of the lifting sleeve frame of the suspended ceiling of the tower is judged, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend out through the relay until the water tank is filled with water by the water storage tank or the moment reaches balance before and after the water tank discharges water to enable the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters to be smaller than the threshold value;
(6) The controller monitors a switching value signal of the sixth vortex sensor, if the sixth vortex sensor senses stepping and the fifth vortex sensor monitors that the push rod type plug is extended, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to retract through the relay, and the switching value signal acquired by the fourth vortex sensor is checked until the push rod type plug is retracted to the fourth vortex type proximity switch and the signal is not monitored; the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend through the relay until the third eddy current sensor does not monitor the switching value signal;
(7) Closing a power supply of the hydraulic cylinder, monitoring switching value signals of the second vortex sensor and the first vortex sensor by a controller, and allowing the tower crane to be disassembled when the high-strength bolt connecting the top standard joint and the assembled standard joint bolt sleeve is detected to be installed;
(8) Draining water from the water tank;
(9) When the hydraulic oil cylinder stops running according to the observation steps (2) - (7) of the display, if the control switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder is not classified as 0 position or the power switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder is not disconnected, ending the penalty experience training;
experience type tower suspended ceiling lifting training process:
(10) After checking the performance and the condition of the training device, the training personnel select a training item through a training item selection button;
(11) The controller monitors switching value signals acquired by the third vortex sensor and the fourth vortex sensor, if the first vortex sensor monitors that the two ends of the jacking cross beam are positioned in the stepping notch and the push rod type bolt extends out, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend and retract through the relay until the first vortex sensor monitors that all connecting bolts of the upper end of the tower crane jacking sleeve frame and the standard section at the top of the upright post are removed, the switching value signals are not acquired;
(12) The controller collects liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters, if the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters is larger than a threshold value, the situation that the lifting sleeve frame of the tower suspended ceiling is unbalanced is judged, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend through the relay until the water tank is filled with water by the water storage tank or the moment reaches balance before and after the training device is discharged by the water tank, and the difference value of the liquid level values collected by the four liquid level transmitters is smaller than the threshold value;
(13) The controller monitors a switching value signal of the sixth vortex sensor, if the sixth vortex sensor senses stepping and the fifth vortex sensor monitors that the push rod type plug stretches out, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to retract through the relay until the switching value signal which is not acquired by the sixth vortex sensor is monitored; or until the fourth vortex sensor is monitored to collect the push rod type bolt to retract, and the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to push out through the relay until the third vortex sensor and the fifth vortex sensor are monitored to collect the switching value signals;
(14) After the hydraulic push rod stops extending, the controller checks a switching value signal acquired by a seventh vortex sensor, and when the trolley is pulled into the sleeve to the position right below the top standard section, the controller stops driving the hydraulic push rod to extend and retract through a relay;
(15) Until the first vortex sensor monitors a position signal of a connecting bolt of the tower crane jacking operation sleeve frame and the top standard section bolt sleeve, the seventh vortex sensor senses that the trolley leaves the top standard section and is mounted on the tower crane jacking operation sleeve frame introducing platform;
(16) Closing a power supply of the hydraulic cylinder, and monitoring a switching value signal acquired by a second vortex sensor by the controller, wherein if the second vortex sensor senses that the high-strength bolt is connected with a bolt sleeve of the standard section to be added and the standard section to be installed;
(17) Ending the experience training and checking the training device;
(18) And (3) when the hydraulic oil cylinder stops running according to the observation steps (11) - (16) of the display, if the control switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder is not classified as 0 position or the power switch of the hydraulic oil cylinder is not disconnected, ending the penalty experience training.
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| CN108766185A (en) | 2018-11-06 |
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