CN108765502B - Color appearance obtaining method in complex environment - Google Patents

Color appearance obtaining method in complex environment Download PDF

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CN108765502B
CN108765502B CN201810378806.2A CN201810378806A CN108765502B CN 108765502 B CN108765502 B CN 108765502B CN 201810378806 A CN201810378806 A CN 201810378806A CN 108765502 B CN108765502 B CN 108765502B
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张建青
黄钢
姚旭峰
魏玲
周敏雄
鞠志国
姜萌
黄清明
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Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences
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Abstract

The invention relates to a color appearance obtaining method in a complex environment, which comprises the following steps: s1: setting the change rate of the background color and the ambient light to the color appearance of the image; s2: reading the tristimulus values of the image under the original observation environment; s3: inputting environmental parameters and tristimulus values of an original image observation environment into a forward calculation model of the color appearance model to obtain color appearance attribute values; s4: inputting the color appearance attribute value and the environmental parameter of the reproduced image in the target observation environment into a reverse calculation model of the color appearance model, and acquiring the tristimulus value of the reproduced image under the color background; s5: inputting the color appearance attribute value and the environmental parameters of the reproduced image in the target observation environment into a reverse calculation model of the second color appearance model to obtain the tristimulus values of the reproduced image in the target environment light; s6: and calculating the tristimulus values of the recurrent image under the final target observation environment according to the tristimulus values. Compared with the prior art, the method can consider a plurality of factors influencing the color appearance attribute, and has the advantages of simple principle and convenient application.

Description

Color appearance obtaining method in complex environment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of color cross-media copying and color management, in particular to a color appearance obtaining method in a complex environment.
Background
With the rapid development and application of science and technology, the color reproduction capability of various color digital devices such as scanners, digital cameras, various display devices, intelligent mobile terminal devices, printers and the like is improved, and the development and application of the internet + technology are realized, so that the cross-media color reproduction is more widely applied, and the color reproduction environment is not limited to the conventional office environment. As various mobile terminals are widely used, a high-brightness environment with high-intensity illumination from indoor to outdoor, from a darkroom or a night scene to a midday sunlight can be an external environment with color reproduction. In addition to the common office environment, other environments have a large number of display screens for displaying various color image and text information. Such as large screens at airports, outdoor advertising screens, displays used in stores for advertising, etc.
When two colors with the same CIEXYZ value are respectively placed under different observation conditions, the human visual system can generate different visual feelings, and the visual feelings can be consistent only when the observation conditions of the surrounding environment, the background, the stimulus color size, the shape, the spectral characteristics of the stimulus color, the illumination of the human visual system and the like are completely consistent. In the field of color science, the perception of color by the visual system is described by color appearance attribute values. To address the effect of the environment on the visual perception of color, the international Commission on illumination (CIE) recommends the color appearance model CIECAM 02. The CIECAM02 can effectively predict the change of color appearance attribute caused by the change of the ambient brightness and the change of the brightness of the neutral gray background, and the predictable change range of the ambient brightness is the change range of the ambient brightness from a dark room to an office environment.
In various series product design schemes or other applications, the phenomena that the background color of a certain image (or color) may be different, or the size and shape of the image are different and the like often occur; meanwhile, the series of design products may be printed or printed on indoor exhibition stands or on indoor and outdoor large screens, and the viewing environments of the series of design products may be different. In the field of color science, for convenience of calculation, one image is often defined as an original image, images under other conditions are defined as reproduced images, the original image and the reproduced images maintain visual consistency and are the most required targets for image reproduction, and a color appearance model is provided for achieving the target.
In order to solve the problem that the color appearance attribute value changes due to factors such as ambient light and background, a great deal of research is carried out by researchers, and the CIECAM02 is optimized respectively and independently aiming at the influence factors such as the ambient light and the background. However, few researchers have proposed effective solutions to the color appearance calculation problem in which the ambient light of an image and the background and other factors change greatly at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a color appearance acquisition method under a complex environment.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a color appearance obtaining method under a complex environment comprises the following steps:
1) setting the change rate of the background color and the ambient light to the color appearance of the image;
2) reading the tristimulus values of the original image under the original observation environment;
3) inputting the environmental parameters and the tristimulus values of the original image in the original observation environment into a forward calculation model of the color appearance model, and acquiring the color appearance attribute values of the original image in the original observation environment;
4) inputting the color appearance attribute value obtained in the step 3) and the environmental parameters of the target observation environment of the reproduced image into a reverse calculation model of the first color appearance model to obtain the tristimulus values of the reproduced image with the same color appearance attribute value under the color background;
5) inputting the color appearance attribute value obtained in the step 3) and the environmental parameters of the reproduced image in the target observation environment into a reverse calculation model of a second color appearance model for predicting the change of the environmental light, and obtaining the tristimulus values of the reproduced image with the same color appearance attribute value in the target environment light;
6) calculating a tristimulus value X, Y, Z of the recurrent image in the final target observation environment according to the tristimulus values respectively obtained in the step 4) and the step 5);
7) and outputting the tristimulus values of the reproduced image in the final target observation environment to finish the color appearance acquisition in the target observation environment.
Preferably, the rate of change of the background color to the color appearance of the image is set to 60%, and the rate of change of the ambient light to the color appearance of the image is set to 40%.
Preferably, the expression of the tristimulus value X, Y, Z of the reproduced image in the final target viewing environment is:
X＝0.6X1+0.4X2
Y＝0.6Y1+0.4Y2
Z＝0.6Z1+0.4Z2
wherein, X1、Y1、Z1Respectively tristimulus values, X, of a reproduced image having the same color appearance attribute value under a color background2、Y2、Z2The tristimulus values of the reproduced image with the same color appearance attribute value under the target ambient light are respectively.
Preferably, the background color of the original viewing environment is neutral gray, the background color of the target viewing environment of the reproduced image is color, and the ambient light of the original viewing environment is a change in brightness from a dark room to a normal environment, and the ambient light of the target viewing environment of the reproduced image includes a change in brightness from a dark room to a high brightness in the outdoor midday sunlight or other changes in brightness.
Preferably, the environmental parameters in the original viewing environment include a background relative brightness value, an adaptive field-white point tristimulus value, an adaptive field brightness value, and an environmental factor.
Preferably, the environmental parameters in the target observation environment of the reproduced image include a background tristimulus value, a background relative luminance value, an adaptive field-white point tristimulus value, an adaptive field luminance value, and an environmental factor.
Preferably, the specific content of step 5) is:
501) acquiring the ambient illuminance of a target observation environment of a reproduced image;
502) judging the ambient illuminance, if the ambient illuminance is less than or equal to 1500Lx, selecting a CIECAM02 color appearance model as a second color appearance model, otherwise, selecting a color appearance model for predicting the color appearance attribute in the high-brightness environment as the second color appearance model, calculating an environmental factor in the high-brightness environment, and replacing the environmental factor in the second color appearance model with the environmental factor obtained through calculation;
503) inputting the color appearance attribute value and the environmental parameters of the reproduced image in the target observation environment to the reverse calculation model of the second color appearance model selected in the step 502), and obtaining the tristimulus value of the reproduced image with the same color appearance attribute value in the target environment light.
Preferably, in step 502), the color appearance model for predicting the color appearance attribute in the high-brightness environment is a refine-bri CAM02 color appearance model.
Preferably, in step 3), the forward calculation model of the color appearance model adopts a forward calculation model of a CIECAM02 color appearance model.
Preferably, in step 4), the inverse calculation model of the first appearance model is an inverse calculation model of a CAM97 appearance model.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for obtaining the factors influencing the color appearance attributes in proportion according to the characteristics of a human visual system, aiming at the complex observation environment condition that the ambient light and the background color factors of the image are changed greatly at the same time, namely the background color of the original observation environment is neutral gray, the background color of the target observation environment of the reproduced image is colored, the ambient light of the original observation environment is the brightness change from a darkroom to a conventional environment, and the ambient light of the target observation environment of the reproduced image comprises a series of complex environments with the brightness change from the darkroom to outdoor midday sunlight or other brightness change conditions, wherein 60% of the set change of the color appearance attributes of the image is influenced by the background change, and the rest 40% of the set change of the color appearance attributes of the image is influenced by the ambient light change; based on the method, tristimulus values corresponding to the recurrent image when only background color changes and only ambient light changes are obtained through corresponding color appearance models respectively, and the tristimulus values of the recurrent image in the target observation environment are obtained by adding the tristimulus values obtained by two independent calculations according to a set proportion by utilizing a color light addition principle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a color appearance obtaining method in a complex environment;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an image and an observation environment in an embodiment of the present invention, in which fig. 2(a) is a schematic diagram of an original image and an observation environment thereof, where the original image is printed indoors, the background color is a neutral gray background, and the original image is viewed indoors and has an ambient illuminance of 600 Lx; fig. 2(b) is a schematic view of a reproduced image displayed on an outdoor display screen, with a background color of a color background, viewed outdoors and an ambient light illuminance of 5000Lx, and an observation environment thereof.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Examples
The embodiment performs a color appearance obtaining experiment for different background colors and ambient light, and the selected image, background colors and ambient light include:
the original image is an indoor printing draft, the background color of the original image is a neutral gray background, the original image is watched indoors, and the ambient light illumination is 600 Lx; the reproduced image is an outdoor display screen display image, the background color of which is a color background (background colors of four colors of red, green, yellow and blue, the background color brightness value L is 50, and the chroma value C is 50), and the ambient light illuminance is 7500Lx when viewed outdoors, as shown in fig. 2(a) and 2 (b). The original image included 10 gray-scale color blocks of increasing lightness (L ═ 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95), red, green, yellow, blue color blocks, lightness values L ═ 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, chroma values C ═ 50, for a total of 120 sets of experiments.
In order to prove the effectiveness of the method of the present invention, the method of the present invention is adopted to obtain the corresponding color under the target observation condition, meanwhile, the corresponding color under the target observation condition is matched through an experiment, then, the color difference between the corresponding color obtained by the method of the present invention and the corresponding color matched through the subjective experiment is calculated, and the comparison and evaluation are performed based on the color difference.
The method for acquiring the color appearance in the complex environment, disclosed by the invention, comprises the following specific steps as shown in figure 1:
s1: the influence of background and ambient light on the image is respectively calculated, and the emphasis ratio when the color appearance calculation is set is as follows: 60% of the color appearance changes are caused by changes in the background, and the remaining 40% are caused by changes in ambient light. The influence of the ambient light and the background color induction effect are two main factors for generating color appearance deviation, and the influence of the background color induction is more obvious compared with the ambient light because human vision has a color adaptation function and offsets a certain effect of the influence of the ambient light; according to the color light addition principle, the tristimulus values of the colors can be linearly added, based on the analysis, the experimental design verifies different change rate specific gravities, and the experimental result proves that the change rate specific gravity of the invention is optimal.
S2: and reading tristimulus values x, y and z of the original image in the original observation environment.
S3: the environmental parameters of the original observation environment, namely the background relative brightness value, the adaptive field white point tristimulus value, the adaptive field brightness value, the environmental factor and the tristimulus value of the original image are used as input data, and the color appearance attribute value of the original image in the original observation environment is calculated by utilizing a forward calculation model of the CIECAM02 color appearance model.
S4: the acquired color appearance attribute value and the environment parameters of the target observation environment of the reproduction image, namely the background tristimulus value, the background relative brightness value, the adaptive field white point tristimulus value, the adaptive field brightness value and the environment factor are used as input data, and the tristimulus value X of the reproduction image with the same color appearance attribute value under the color background is calculated through a reverse calculation model of a CAM97 color appearance model1、Y1、Z1。
S5: because the ambient light illumination is 7500Lx and is greater than 1500Lx, the three-stimulus value X of the reproduction image with the same color appearance attribute value under the 7500Lx high-brightness target observation environment and the original image observation environment is calculated by using the reverse calculation model of the refine-bri CAM02 color appearance model2、Y2、Z2. The method comprises the following specific steps:
501) obtaining the ratio S of the brightness of the white field of the environment to the brightness of the white field of the stimulus colorR；
Figure BDA0001640469830000051
Wherein L isSWRepresenting the ambient white field luminance, LDWThe brightness of the white field representing the stimulus color.
502) Calculating environmental factors c, F and N under high-brightness environment with environment illumination of 7500Lxc；
c＝0.023*sqrt(SR)+0.77887
F＝-0.003*sqrt(SR)+1.147
Nc＝0.0203*sqrt(SR)+1.2369
503) Replacing the environmental factors in the refine-bri CAM02 color appearance model with the environmental factors calculated in the step 502);
504) computing X in a target viewing environment using a reverse computational model of a refine-bri CAM02 color appearance model2、Y2、Z2；
S6: calculating the tristimulus value X, Y, Z of the recurrent image under the target viewing environment:
X＝0.6X1+0.4X2；
Y＝0.6Y1+0.4Y2；
Z＝0.6Z1+0.4Z2
s7: the tristimulus values X, Y, Z of the reproduction image are output, and color appearance acquisition is completed.
The calculation results of the color difference are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 color difference between corresponding colors obtained by the method of the invention and experimentally matched corresponding colors
Figure BDA0001640469830000061
Mean value of Maximum value Minimum value
4.1 12.5 2.0
As shown in table 1, the average value of the color difference was 4.1, and the acceptable standards for the same batch of prints of the same color were as specified in the national standards for flat panel ornaments in the republic of china: for fine printed matter, when background color lightness value L of color is greater than 50, its color difference value is less than or equal to
Figure BDA0001640469830000062
When L of the color is less than or equal to 50, the color difference value is less than or equal to
Figure BDA0001640469830000063
For general printed matter, when L of color is greater than 50, its color difference value is less than or equal to
Figure BDA0001640469830000064
When L of the color is less than or equal to 50, the color difference value is less than or equal to
Figure BDA0001640469830000065
Based on this criterion, the method provided by the present invention is effective.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (6)

1. A color appearance obtaining method under a complex environment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: setting the change rate of the background color and the ambient light to the color appearance of the image;
s2: reading the tristimulus values of the original image under the original observation environment;
s3: inputting the environmental parameters and the tristimulus values of the original image in the original observation environment into a forward calculation model of the color appearance model, and acquiring the color appearance attribute values of the original image in the original observation environment;
s4: inputting the color appearance attribute value obtained in the step S3 and the environmental parameter of the target observation environment of the reproduced image into the reverse calculation model of the first color appearance model, and obtaining the tristimulus value of the reproduced image having the same color appearance attribute value under the color background; the environment parameters of the reproduced image under the target observation environment comprise a background tristimulus value, a background relative brightness value, an adaptive field white point tristimulus value, an adaptive field brightness value and an environment factor;
s5: inputting the color appearance attribute value obtained in step S3 and the environmental parameter of the reproduced image in the target observation environment into a reverse calculation model of the second color appearance model for predicting changes in ambient light, and obtaining a tristimulus value of the reproduced image having the same color appearance attribute value in the ambient light of the target observation environment;
s6: calculating a tristimulus value X, Y, Z of the reproduced image in the final target observation environment according to the tristimulus values obtained in steps S4 and S5;
s7: outputting the tristimulus values of the reproduced image in the final target observation environment to finish the color appearance acquisition in the target observation environment;
setting the change rate of the background color to the image color appearance to be 60 percent and setting the change rate of the ambient light to the image color appearance to be 40 percent;
in step S6, the expression of the tristimulus value X, Y, Z of the reproduced image in the final target observation environment is:
X＝0.6X1+0.4X2
Y＝0.6Y1+0.4Y2
Z＝0.6Z1+0.4Z2
wherein, X1、Y1、Z1Respectively tristimulus values, X, of a reproduced image having the same color appearance attribute value under a color background2、Y2、Z2The tristimulus values of the reproduced image with the same color appearance attribute value under the target ambient light are respectively.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the environmental parameters of the original viewing environment include a background relative brightness value, an adaptive field-white point tristimulus value, an adaptive field brightness value and an environmental factor.
3. The method for obtaining color appearance under complex environment according to claim 1, wherein the specific content of the step S5 is:
501) acquiring the ambient illuminance of a target observation environment of a reproduced image;
502) judging the ambient illuminance, if the ambient illuminance is less than or equal to 1500Lx, selecting a CIECAM02 color appearance model as a second color appearance model, otherwise, selecting a color appearance model for predicting the color appearance attribute in the high-brightness environment as the second color appearance model, calculating an environmental factor in the high-brightness environment, and replacing the environmental factor in the second color appearance model with the environmental factor obtained through calculation;
503) inputting the color appearance attribute value and the environmental parameters of the reproduced image in the target observation environment to the reverse calculation model of the second color appearance model selected in the step 502), and obtaining the tristimulus value of the reproduced image with the same color appearance attribute value in the target environment light.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein in step 502), the color appearance model for predicting the color appearance attribute in the high-brightness environment is a refine-bri CAM02 color appearance model.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S3, the forward computational model of the color appearance model is a forward computational model of a CIECAM02 color appearance model.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S4, the inverse calculation model of the first color appearance model is the inverse calculation model of the CAM97 color appearance model.
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