CN108761184A - A kind of steel tower Potential distribution and impedance operator test method based on lightning impulse - Google Patents
A kind of steel tower Potential distribution and impedance operator test method based on lightning impulse Download PDFInfo
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- CN108761184A CN108761184A CN201810482789.7A CN201810482789A CN108761184A CN 108761184 A CN108761184 A CN 108761184A CN 201810482789 A CN201810482789 A CN 201810482789A CN 108761184 A CN108761184 A CN 108761184A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
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Abstract
The application discloses a kind of steel tower Potential distribution and impedance operator test method based on lightning impulse, horizontal according to the design parameter of tested steel tower and Nai Lei, obtains the measuring apparatus to match；The distribution of signal testing point is obtained, and chooses surge voltage and refers to zero-potential point；It is horizontal according to the resistance to thunder of the tested steel tower, choose the lightning impulse current generator to match；Lightning impulse current is applied to the tested steel tower by the lightning impulse current generator；The Potential distribution of dash current and tested steel tower at surge voltage, each signal testing point is tested using the measuring apparatus；According to the dash current at the Potential distribution of tested steel tower and each signal testing point, the impact impedance of each signal testing point is calculated, the impact impedance performance profile of the tested steel tower is obtained.The application can realize the test of steel tower Potential distribution and impact impedance characteristic simultaneously, have important scientific meaning and engineering practical value.
Description
Technical field
This application involves electric system technical field of measurement and test more particularly to a kind of steel tower Potential distributions based on lightning impulse
And impedance operator test method.
Background technology
Currently, power system transmission line steel tower is largely built, because of installation location, tower body tip, wire erection etc.
Factor influences, and steel tower is easily impacted by lightning surge, and thunder and lightning flows through steel tower discharge overvoltage energy with entering.It is rushed in thunder and lightning
When hitting electric current and flowing through earthing or grounding means, the equivalent frequency of lightning current is very high, can make grounding body itself that apparent inductance effect be presented,
Electric current is hindered to circulate to the distal end of grounding body, it is more notable especially for this influence of the larger grounding body of length.Similarly, in thunder
When surge electric current flows through steel tower, because the equivalent frequency of lightning current is high, steel tower also will present apparent inductance effect, to make iron
Higher instantaneous overvoltage is generated on tower.However, when lightning impulse current flows through steel tower at this stage, for each position of steel tower tower body
Potential distribution and impact impedance characteristic, no research papers data and corresponding detection technique means.
Invention content
In order to solve the above technical problems, the application provides a kind of steel tower Potential distribution and impedance operator based on lightning impulse
Test method.
According to an embodiment of the present application, a kind of steel tower Potential distribution based on lightning impulse and impedance operator test side are provided
Method, including：
It is horizontal according to the design parameter of tested steel tower and Nai Lei, obtain the measuring apparatus to match；
The distribution of signal testing point is obtained, and chooses surge voltage and refers to zero-potential point；
It is horizontal according to the resistance to thunder of the tested steel tower, choose the lightning impulse current generator to match；
Lightning impulse current is applied to the tested steel tower by the lightning impulse current generator；
Using the measuring apparatus to the current potential of dash current and tested steel tower at surge voltage, each signal testing point
Distribution is tested；
According to the dash current at the Potential distribution of tested steel tower and each signal testing point, each signal testing is calculated
The impact impedance of point, obtains the impact impedance performance profile of the tested steel tower.
Optionally, the measuring apparatus includes surge voltage measuring device and digital oscilloscope, and the surge voltage measures
Device uses underdamping capacitive divider, the tower top of the digital oscilloscope and the tested steel tower to pass through the damping capacitor point
Depressor connects, and the underdamping capacitive divider is connect with the lightning impulse current generator, and the digital oscilloscope is adopted
Sample rate is greater than or equal to 5M/S.
Optionally, the measuring apparatus includes surge voltage measuring device, underdamping capacitive divider and digital oscilloscope,
The surge voltage measuring device uses high-voltage probe, the tower top of the digital oscilloscope and the tested steel tower to pass through the resistance
Buddhist nun's capacitive divider connects, and the underdamping capacitive divider is connect with the lightning impulse current generator, and the high pressure is visited
Head is connect with the digital oscilloscope, and the sample rate of the digital oscilloscope is greater than or equal to 5M/S；The digital oscilloscope by
The voltage signal of the underdamping capacitive divider triggers recording, and power supply and the current conversion station earth mat of the digital oscilloscope are adopted
Become power supply with isolation or is separated using UPS power supplies.
Optionally, the measuring apparatus further includes impact current for measuring device, and the impact current for measuring device is using micro-
Current sensor, the digital oscilloscope is divided to be connect with the differential current sensor, the sample rate of the digital oscilloscope is big
In or equal to 5M/S.
Optionally, the measuring apparatus further includes potential testing device, and the potential testing device is for testing thunder and lightning punching
The potential difference that each signal testing point under electric current refers to zero-potential point relative to surge voltage is hit, the potential testing device includes exhausted
Edge operating lever, insulated conductor and voltage tester probe, the insulating bar pass through with the surge voltage with reference to zero-potential point
Insulated conductor connects, and the voltage tester probe is fixed on the insulating bar, the voltage tester probe and the number
Word oscillograph connects.
Optionally, distance L of the surge voltage with reference to zero-potential point to the tested steel tower1To be tested steel tower grounded screen
Catercorner length L23-5 times.
Optionally, when load is more than 10 Ω, the lightning impulse current of the lightning stroke impulse current generator output has
Following characteristic：Ceiling voltage is 3600kV, and lightning current peak value is 120kA, and waveform is 8/20 μ s, 2/10 μ s and 1.2/50 μ s.
Optionally, the underdamping capacitive divider is connected with the lightning impulse current generator by crust insulated conductor
It connects, the tested steel tower is connect with the underdamping capacitive divider by crust insulated conductor；The underdamping capacitance partial pressure
Device, the surge voltage measuring device, the impact current for measuring device and the potential testing device pass through Communication ray respectively
Line is connect with the digital oscilloscope.
By above technical scheme it is found that method provided by the present application takes full advantage of the characteristic that the earth constitutes current loop,
Measurement parameter is selected according to the design parameter and Nai Lei level matches that are tested steel tower before testing, is occurred by lightning impulse current
Device provides large inrush current, and the current potential of each signal testing point on tower body is obtained using potential testing device, and iron is tested to obtain
The Potential distribution of tower, while the test of dash current and surge voltage also is carried out to being tested steel tower, and then calculate each on tower body
Impact impedance between test point draws out the impact impedance distribution map of steel tower.As it can be seen that the application can realize steel tower current potential point simultaneously
The test of cloth and impact impedance characteristic has important scientific meaning and engineering practical value.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of the steel tower Potential distribution and impedance operator test side based on lightning impulse shown in the embodiment of the present application
Method flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the test method functional block diagram shown in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 3 is the test method wiring schematic diagram shown in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 4 is the signal testing point distribution schematic diagram shown in the embodiment of the present application；
Test positions and impact impedance distribution signal of the Fig. 5 for surge voltage, dash current shown in the embodiment of the present application
Figure.
Marginal data：1- lightning impulse current generators；2- crust insulated conductors；3- underdamping capacitive dividers；4- quilts
Survey steel tower, 41- steel tower tower bodies；42- differential current sensors；5- communicates light；6- digital oscilloscopes；7- potential testing devices,
71- voltage tester probes；72- insulating bars.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the application, below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is right
Technical solution in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described.
As shown in Figure 1, the steel tower Potential distribution that the present embodiment provides a kind of based on lightning impulse and impedance operator test side
Method, the method includes following procedure steps：
Step S101, it is horizontal according to the design parameter of tested steel tower and Nai Lei, obtain the measuring apparatus to match.
Wherein, the design parameter for being tested steel tower includes but not limited to the impact electricity of the grounding resistance of steel tower, steel tower tower body
The impact impedance etc. of resistance value, tower material of iron tower.Measuring apparatus includes surge voltage measuring device, impact current for measuring device, current potential
Test device and digital oscilloscope etc..Digital oscilloscope is used to acquire the data of each measuring device, and carries out corresponding A/D and turn
It changes, realizes the functions such as waveform triggering, storage, display, measurement and Wave data analysis.
Step S102 obtains the distribution of signal testing point, and chooses surge voltage and refer to zero-potential point.
The signal testing point for measuring tower body different piece Potential distribution and dash current can be arranged according to actual needs, preferably
The position that steel tower tower body structure or tower body impedance change, as shown in figure 4, to improve accuracy and the representative of test result
Property.Unified Voltage Reference zero-potential point is selected, the potential difference between two test points can be accurately calculated, according to test sample
Dash current is distributed, and accurately can calculate and analyze the impact impedance between the test point of steel tower and the steel tower between each test point
Potential distribution situation.
Optionally, distance L of the surge voltage with reference to zero-potential point to the tested steel tower1To be tested steel tower grounded screen
Catercorner length L23-5 times.It is found by putting into practice, when dash current enters ground through steel tower, the potential meeting of steel tower surrounding soil
It increases, and with the variation of surrounding soil resistivity, there is also larger differences for potential change, if choosing these location points as punching
It hits Voltage Reference zero-potential point to be tested, will so that steel tower potential test is inaccurate, and L1For steel tower grounded screen diagonal line length
When spending 3-5 times, it is believed that electric power dissipates, and the substantially zeroed current potential of current potential will not have an impact steel tower potential test, and then improves
The accuracy and reliability of test result.
Step S103, it is horizontal according to the resistance to thunder of the tested steel tower, choose the lightning impulse current generator to match.
Step S104 applies lightning impulse current by the lightning impulse current generator to the tested steel tower.
International Electrotechnical Commission recommend lightning current Heidler models be：
In formula, I0For the amplitude of lightning current, unit A (ampere)；η is the thunder and lightning correction of peak value factor, value 1；N is electric current
Steepness factor, value 2；τ1For the wave head time, 2.6 μ s are taken；τ2For the wave rear time, 50 μ s are taken.
Lightning impulse current generator can generate a variety of impulse current test waveforms, optionally, the lightning stroke impact electricity
The lightning impulse current of flow-generator output has following characteristic：Ceiling voltage is 3600kV, and lightning current peak value is 120kA, wave
Shape is 8/20 μ s, 2/10 μ s and 1.2/50 μ s, percussion of the simulation lightning current to steel tower.
Step S105, using the measuring apparatus to dash current at surge voltage, each signal testing point and tested
The Potential distribution of steel tower is tested.
Step S106, according to the dash current at the Potential distribution of tested steel tower and each signal testing point, described in calculating
The impact impedance of each signal testing point, obtains the impact impedance performance profile of the tested steel tower.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, it is the connection structure diagram of the herein described test method of realization, the survey described in step S101
Measuring equipment includes：Surge voltage measuring device, impact current for measuring device, digital oscilloscope and potential testing device etc..
In one possible implementation, surge voltage measuring device uses underdamping capacitive divider 3, digital oscillography
Device 6 is connect with the tower top of tested steel tower 4 by damping capacitor divider 3, and underdamping capacitive divider 3 is sent out with lightning impulse current
Raw device 1 connects, and the sample rate of digital oscilloscope 6 is greater than or equal to 5M/S.
In alternatively possible realization method, surge voltage measuring device uses high-voltage probe, digital oscilloscope 6 and quilt
The tower top for surveying steel tower 4 is connected by damping capacitor divider 3, and underdamping capacitive divider 3 connects with lightning impulse current generator 1
It connects, high-voltage probe is connect with word oscillograph 6, and the sample rate of digital oscilloscope 6 is greater than or equal to 5M/S；Digital oscilloscope 6 is by weak
The voltage signal of damping capacitor divider 3 triggers recording, and the power supply of digital oscilloscope 6 is used with current conversion station earth mat is isolated change
Power supply is separated using UPS (Uninterruptible Power System, uninterruptible power supply) power supplies.
Testing current coil can be used in impact current for measuring device, and differential current sensor can be used in the present embodiment, number
Word oscillograph 6 is connect with differential current sensor 41, and differential current sensor 41 is used for the dash current to each signal testing point
It is tested.Differential current sensor 41, also known as Rogowski coil, current measurement coil, output signal are Current versus times
Differential, the circuit that the voltage signal of output is integrated by one, so that it may really to restore input current, and then to impact
Electric current is tested.
Potential testing device 7, potential testing device 7 is for testing under lightning impulse current each signal testing point relative to punching
The potential difference of Voltage Reference zero-potential point is hit, potential testing device 7 includes voltage tester probe 71, insulating bar 72 and insulation
Conducting wire, insulating bar 72 are connect with reference to zero-potential point by insulated conductor with surge voltage, and voltage tester probe 71 is fixed on
On insulating bar 72, voltage tester probe 71 is connect with digital oscilloscope 6.Zero-potential point is referred to based on surge voltage, is utilized
Voltage tester probe 71 tests the current potential of unlike signal test point on steel tower tower body, you can knows the Potential distribution of tested steel tower 4
Situation.
Digital oscilloscope 6 can record voltage when lightning impulse occurs on underdamping capacitive divider 3 and its wavy curve,
The lightning impulse current and its wavy curve of tested steel tower 4 are flowed through, and, on the steel tower tower body that potential testing device 7 is tested not
With the voltage and its wavy curve at position.
To improve testing efficiency and accuracy, in the present embodiment, can be communicated by optical fiber between each electronic component
And data transmission.Specifically, underdamping capacitive divider 3 is connected with lightning impulse current generator 1 by crust insulated conductor 2
It connects, tested steel tower 4 is connect with underdamping capacitive divider 3 by crust insulated conductor 2；Underdamping capacitive divider 3, impact electricity
Pressure measuring device, impact current for measuring device and potential testing device 7 are connect by communicating light 5 with digital oscilloscope 6 respectively.
According to obtain each signal testing point current potential (namely on tower body each signal testing point relative to surge voltage refer to zero
The potential difference of potential point) and each signal testing point at dash current, you can obtain the impact impedance between each test point, such as scheme
Under signal testing point distribution shown in 4, tested iron as shown in Figure 5 can be finally obtained by step S101- steps S106
The impact impedance performance profile of tower.
By above technical scheme it is found that method provided by the present application takes full advantage of the characteristic that the earth constitutes current loop,
Measurement parameter is selected according to the design parameter and Nai Lei level matches that are tested steel tower before testing, is occurred by lightning impulse current
Device provides large inrush current, and the current potential of each signal testing point on tower body is obtained using potential testing device, and iron is tested to obtain
The Potential distribution of tower, while the test of dash current and surge voltage also is carried out to being tested steel tower, and then calculate each on tower body
Impact impedance between test point draws out the impact impedance distribution map of steel tower.As it can be seen that the application can realize steel tower current potential point simultaneously
The test of cloth and impact impedance characteristic has important scientific meaning and engineering practical value.
It is involved that those skilled in the art can be understood that the technology in the embodiment of the present application can add by software
And relevant hardware devices realize.In the specific implementation, the application also provides a kind of computer storage media, wherein the calculating
Machine storage medium can have program stored therein, which may include the steel tower current potential provided by the present application based on lightning impulse point when executing
Step some or all of in cloth and impedance operator test method embodiment.The storage medium can be magnetic disc, CD, read-only
Storage memory (English：Read-only memory, referred to as：ROM) or random access memory is (English：random access
Memory, referred to as：RAM) etc..
Above-described the application embodiment does not constitute the restriction to the application protection domain.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of steel tower Potential distribution and impedance operator test method based on lightning impulse, which is characterized in that including：
It is horizontal according to the design parameter of tested steel tower and Nai Lei, obtain the measuring apparatus to match；
The distribution of signal testing point is obtained, and chooses surge voltage and refers to zero-potential point；
It is horizontal according to the resistance to thunder of the tested steel tower, choose the lightning impulse current generator to match；
Lightning impulse current is applied to the tested steel tower by the lightning impulse current generator；
Using the measuring apparatus to the Potential distribution of dash current and tested steel tower at surge voltage, each signal testing point
It is tested；
According to the dash current at the Potential distribution of tested steel tower and each signal testing point, each signal testing point is calculated
Impact impedance obtains the impact impedance performance profile of the tested steel tower.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the measuring apparatus includes surge voltage measuring device sum number
Word oscillograph, the surge voltage measuring device use underdamping capacitive divider, the digital oscilloscope and the tested iron
The tower top of tower is connected by the damping capacitor divider, and the underdamping capacitive divider occurs with the lightning impulse current
Device connects, and the sample rate of the digital oscilloscope is greater than or equal to 5M/S.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the measuring apparatus include surge voltage measuring device, it is weak
Damping capacitor divider and digital oscilloscope, the surge voltage measuring device use high-voltage probe, the digital oscilloscope with
The tower top of the tested steel tower is connected by the damping capacitor divider, and the underdamping capacitive divider is rushed with the thunder and lightning
Current feedback circuit connection is hit, the high-voltage probe is connect with the digital oscilloscope, and the sample rate of the digital oscilloscope is more than
Or it is equal to 5M/S；The digital oscilloscope triggers recording by the voltage signal of the underdamping capacitive divider, and the number is shown
The power supply of wave device powers or uses UPS power supplies to separate with current conversion station earth mat using change is isolated.
4. according to the method in claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the measuring apparatus further includes impact current for measuring dress
It sets, the impact current for measuring device uses differential current sensor, the digital oscilloscope and the differential current sensor
The sample rate of connection, the digital oscilloscope is greater than or equal to 5M/S.
5. described according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the measuring apparatus further includes potential testing device
Potential testing device is used to test the electricity that each signal testing point under lightning impulse current refers to zero-potential point relative to surge voltage
Potential difference, the potential testing device include insulating bar, insulated conductor and voltage tester probe, the insulating bar and institute
It states surge voltage to connect by insulated conductor with reference to zero-potential point, the voltage tester probe is fixed on the insulating bar
On, the voltage tester probe is connect with the digital oscilloscope.
6. according to claim 1-5 any one of them methods, which is characterized in that the surge voltage is with reference to zero-potential point to institute
State the distance L of tested steel tower1To be tested steel tower grounded screen catercorner length L23-5 times.
7. according to claim 1-5 any one of them methods, which is characterized in that when load is more than 10 Ω, the lightning stroke punching
The lightning impulse current for hitting current feedback circuit output has following characteristic：Ceiling voltage is 3600kV, and lightning current peak value is
120kA, waveform are 8/20 μ s, 2/10 μ s and 1.2/50 μ s.
8. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the underdamping capacitive divider and lightning impulse electricity
Flow-generator is connected by crust insulated conductor, and the tested steel tower is led with the underdamping capacitive divider by crust insulation
Line connects；The underdamping capacitive divider, the surge voltage measuring device, the impact current for measuring device and the electricity
Bit test device is connect by communicating light with the digital oscilloscope respectively.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN112505424A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-16 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | System and method for evaluating impact impedance distortion rate of vertical grounding electrode |
| CN112505423A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-16 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | System and method for evaluating impact impedance distortion rate of horizontal grounding electrode |
| CN113608031A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-05 | 北京英瑞来科技有限公司 | Method and device for monitoring impulse impedance of transformer substation lightning arrester |
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| CN113608031B (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2024-02-02 | 北京英瑞来科技有限公司 | Impact impedance monitoring method and device for substation lightning arrester |
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