CN108761034B - A kind of multi-source satellite soil moisture retrieval method - Google Patents

A kind of multi-source satellite soil moisture retrieval method Download PDF

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CN108761034B
CN108761034B CN201810473645.5A CN201810473645A CN108761034B CN 108761034 B CN108761034 B CN 108761034B CN 201810473645 A CN201810473645 A CN 201810473645A CN 108761034 B CN108761034 B CN 108761034B
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张珂
晁丽君
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Hohai University HHU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of multi-source satellite soil moisture retrieval methods, which comprises the following steps: collects the bright temperature data of multi-source satellite, and obtains the same spatial resolution brightness temperature product serial of unification;Soil moisture microwave remote sensing inverse model is constructed, bright temperature is carried out and is converted with emissivity, extracts the grid emissivity one by one of microwave radiometer scanning track;Influence to vegetation and roughness of ground surface is rejected and is corrected;Soil dielectric constant is converted with emissivity, be associated with using the dielectric constant after conversion with soil moisture it is counter push away, realize the remote-sensing inversion of soil moisture.The present invention is main input data using the quasi real time brightness temperature data of multiple satellite platforms observation, the bright temperature data for extracting different satellite sources carries out cutting splicing, the inverting and space-time for realizing surface soil water are rebuild, and the soil moisture product of continuous high-spatial and temporal resolution is obtained.

Description

A kind of multi-source satellite soil moisture retrieval method
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydrological remote sensing technical fields, and in particular to a kind of multi-source satellite soil moisture retrieval method.
Background technique
Soil moisture is weather, numerical weather forecast, hydrologic(al) prognosis, agricultural arid monitoring and prediction and Land data assimilation etc. The important land surface parameters of research field.The measurement method for obtaining soil moisture classics at present mainly has: weight method, tensometer method, NEUTRON METHOD, electric-resistivity method etc., although the soil moisture precision of website artificial observation is high, the sparse or with a varied topography ground of website Area can not lay website, and classical measurement method has the disadvantages of blocky scarce survey, data is discontinuous, it is difficult to show soil moisture Spatial distribution.
The development of satellite remote sensing technology provides effective means for the acquisition of the soil humidity information of regional scale, but defends The spatial resolution of star remote-sensing inversion surface soil humidity is low, and there are very large space heterogeneity, the soil of different spatial resolutions Earth humidity characteristic is inconsistent;Due to the scanning track of satellite and coverage area, the shadow of the factors such as the veils such as vegetation, massif It rings, there is part bands, partial region data deficient phenomena, and shortage of data region varies over, can not For the soil moisture signature analysis of specific region and continuous time, need to rebuild missing data;Therefore, continuous high The acquisition of spatial and temporal resolution soil moisture has become a hot topic of research and difficult point, while being also agricultural arid monitoring, Forecasting Flood etc. Business department very relationship the problem of.
A series of domestic and international business satellites for carrying main passive microwave sensor succeed in sending up, such as: SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity), SMAP (Soil Moisture Active Passive), FY3B (MWRI: Microwave Radiation Imager), FY3C (MWRI:Microwave Radiation Imager), AMSR (Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2) etc., utilizes the microwave remote sensor energy being mounted on satellite A large amount of thin solum humidity informations are enough obtained, the joint inversion of multi-source satellite soil moisture is in basin-wide or regional soil moisture There is irreplaceable advantage in monitoring.
Summary of the invention
In order to obtain the soil moisture product of continuous high-spatial and temporal resolution, the present invention provides a kind of multi-source satellite soil The method that the timely bare weight of humidity retrieval is built cuts, splicing by data, obtains using the satellite bright temperature data of domestic and international mainstream Format is consistent, the consistent bright temperature data of resolution ratio, constructs soil moisture retrieval model, obtains soil moisture product;It will utilize The information such as the soil water-containing information obtained for three days, antecedent precipitation are gone to carry out statistical regression interpolation, to obtain the land of space and time continuous Table soil moisture product.
In order to obtain the soil moisture of continuous high-spatial and temporal resolution, the present invention specifically uses following technical scheme:
A kind of multi-source satellite soil moisture retrieval method, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the bright temperature data of multi-source satellite is collected, and obtains same spatial resolution (0.25 °) brightness of unification Temperature product serial;
Step 2, soil moisture microwave remote sensing inverse model is constructed, bright temperature is carried out and is converted with emissivity, extract microwave radiation The grid emissivity one by one of meter scanning track;
Include:
Step 21, soil moisture microwave remote sensing inverse model is constructed:
TBp=Tu+exp(-τa)×[{TdrSpexp(-2τc)}+{eSpTsexp(-τc)+Tc(1-ωp)[1-exp(-τc)][1 +rSpexp(-τc)] (1)
Wherein: TBpFor brightness temperature, TuFor the uplink radiation of atmosphere, TdThe downlink radiation for being atmosphere at the top of canopy, τaFor The optical thickness of atmosphere, that subscript p is indicated is polarization mode, TcFor the temperature of vegetation, τcFor the optical thickness factor of vegetation, rSp =1-eSpFor the reflectivity of soil surface;TsIt is effective physical temperature of earth's surface, ωpFor the single scattering albedo of vegetation;
Step 22, the quasi real time surface temperature and microwave radiometer of satellite remote sensing and the acquisition of real-time weather forecasting model are utilized The bright temperature of observation extracts the grid emissivity one by one of microwave radiometer scanning track:
γp=e(-τsecθ) (3)
In formula: TBpFor brightness temperature;T is physical temperature;E is emissivity;Subscript p represents polarization direction, including horizontal pole Change (H) and vertical polarization (V), τ vegetation opacity, ω single scattering albedo, γ canopy transmissivity,The ground of polarization direction p Table emissivity, θ are radiometer view angle or incident;
Step 3, the influence to vegetation and roughness of ground surface is rejected and is corrected;
Step 4, soil dielectric constant is converted with emissivity, is closed using the dielectric constant after conversion with soil moisture Connection is counter to be pushed away, and realizes the remote-sensing inversion of soil moisture.
The bright temperature data of domestic and international high-spatial and temporal resolution is collected in the step 1, and according to the feature of the bright temperature of different satellites Carry out format conversion, resampling, the space splicing, same spatial resolution (0.25 °) the brightness temperature for generating unification of data Product serial is spent, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 11, domestic and international bright temperature data is collected;
Step 12, the format of different satellite bright temperature datas is different, carries out Data Format Transform, is uniformly converted to HDF5;
Step 13, the spatial resolution of different satellite bright temperature datas is different, resampling is carried out, so that spatial resolution one It causes;
Step 14, the track of the inswept earth of different satellites is different, needs to carry out space splicing to bright temperature data;
Step 15, generate that format is consistent, the consistent bright temperature temperature product of spatial resolution;
Soil moisture microwave remote sensing inverse model is constructed in the step 2, is carried out bright temperature and is converted with emissivity, extracts microwave Radiometer scans the grid emissivity one by one of track, and specific steps include:
Step 21, on the basis of classical τ-ω model, the brightness temperature observed using microwave radiometer is wet with soil The relationship of degree constructs soil moisture microwave remote sensing inverse model;
TBp=Tu+exp(-τa)×[{TdrSpexp(-2τc)}+{eSpTsexp(-τc)+Tc(1-ωp)[1-exp(-τc)][1 +rSpexp(-τc)] (1)
Wherein: TBpFor brightness temperature, TuFor the uplink radiation of atmosphere, TdThe downlink radiation for being atmosphere at the top of canopy, τaFor The optical thickness of atmosphere, that subscript p is indicated is polarization mode, TcFor the temperature of vegetation, τcFor the optical thickness factor of vegetation, rSp =1-eSpFor the reflectivity of soil surface;TsIt is effective physical temperature of earth's surface, ωpFor the single scattering albedo of vegetation.
Step 22, the quasi real time surface temperature and microwave radiometer of satellite remote sensing and the acquisition of real-time weather forecasting model are utilized The bright temperature of (such as SMAP, SMOS and AMSR2) observation extracts the grid emissivity one by one of microwave radiometer scanning track;It is bright Spend temperature (TB), physical temperature (T), emissivity (e) by following physical equation establish contact:
γp=e(-τsecθ) (3)
In formula: TBpFor brightness temperature;T is physical temperature;E is emissivity;Subscript p represents polarization direction, including horizontal pole Change (H) and vertical polarization (V), τ vegetation opacity, ω single scattering albedo, γ canopy transmissivity,The ground of polarization direction p Table emissivity, θ are radiometer view angle or incident.
The extraction to soil moisture is improved in the step 3, the influence to vegetation and roughness of ground surface is kicked out of And correction, comprising:
τ=bVWC (4)
In formula: τ vegetation opacity, VWC vegetation water content,The soil emissivity of polarization direction p, b depend on planting By type, the parameter of microwave frequency, θ is radiometer view angle or incident.
Soil dielectric constant is converted with emissivity in the step 4, utilizes the dielectric constant and soil after conversion Humidity association is counter to be pushed away, and realizes that the remote-sensing inversion step of soil moisture includes:
Step 41, soil dielectric constant be associated with emissivity it is counter push away, soil dielectric constant and emissivity relationship pass through famous Fresnel formula state, dielectric constant same polarization emissivity can be converted.
In formula, εrUpper soll layer dielectric constant,Horizontal polarization emissivity,Vertical polarization emissivity, θ are radiation Count view angle or incident.
Step 42, right using the dielectric constant and existing soil water-containing and soil dielectric constant relational model after conversion Soil water-containing is counter to be pushed away, to realize that the inverting of soil moisture is extracted.
In formula: ρbSoil block volume density;ρsSoil solid particle specific gravity;mvSoil volumetric water content;εfwFree water dielectric Constant;εsSoil particle dielectric constant, α, β are empirical index number.
A kind of beneficial effects of the present invention: side that the timely bare weight of multi-source satellite soil moisture retrieval is built provided by the invention Method downloads the brightness temperature data of mainstream satellite, carries out uniform format processing, Design Based on Spatial Resampling, data splicing to bright temperature data Etc. obtaining, format is consistent, the bright temperature product of the consistent Time Continuous of spatial resolution;On the basis of classical τ-ω model, soil is established Earth humidity passive microwave remote sensing inversion algorithm, it may be assumed that the surface temperature that is obtained using satellite remote sensing and real-time weather forecasting model and The bright temperature of microwave radiometer observation, extracts grid emissivity one by one;Emissivity is established by fresnel formula and soil is situated between The relationship of electric constant, emissivity and dielectric constant are converted;The relational model of soil moisture and dielectric constant is established, is realized The remote-sensing inversion of soil moisture.This method fully considers the advantages of each satellite, is basic data, data source with brightness temperature It is reliable and stable;Soil moisture passive microwave remote sensing inversion algorithm is established, based on classical Remote Sensing Model, ensure that the objective of result Reasonability realizes the soil moisture retrieval of multi-source satellite, obtains the soil of the consistent high-spatial and temporal resolution of Time Continuous spatial distribution Earth humidity product.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is bright temperature data processing schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is inversion algorithm schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is bright temperature data amount schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is original bright temperature data schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is to splice bright temperature data schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is soil moisture product schematic diagram in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, a kind of method that the timely bare weight of multi-source satellite soil moisture retrieval is built provided by the invention, packet It includes following steps: step 1, collecting the bright temperature data of domestic and international high-spatial and temporal resolution, and according to the feature of the bright temperature of different satellites, into The format conversion of row data, resampling, space splicing, same spatial resolution (0.25 °) brightness temperature for generating unification Product serial, specifically:
Step 11, domestic and international bright temperature data is collected;
Step 12, the format of different satellite bright temperature datas is different, carries out Data Format Transform, is uniformly converted to HDF5;
Step 13, the spatial resolution of different satellite bright temperature datas is different, resampling is carried out, so that spatial resolution one It causes;
Step 14, the track of the inswept earth of different satellites is different, needs to carry out space splicing to bright temperature data;
Step 15, generate that format is consistent, the consistent bright temperature temperature product of spatial resolution;
Step 2, soil moisture microwave remote sensing inverse model is constructed, bright temperature is carried out and is converted with emissivity, extract microwave radiation The grid emissivity one by one of meter scanning track, specifically:
Step 21, soil moisture microwave is constructed with the relationship of soil moisture using the brightness temperature of microwave radiometer observation Remote sensing estimation model;TBp=Tu+exp(-τa)×[{TdrSpexp(-2τc)}+{eSpTsexp(-τc)+Tc(1-ωp)[1-exp(- τc)][1+rSpexp(-τc)] (1)
Wherein: TBpFor brightness temperature, TuFor the uplink radiation of atmosphere, TdThe downlink radiation for being atmosphere at the top of canopy, τaFor The optical thickness of atmosphere, that subscript p is indicated is polarization mode, TcFor the temperature of vegetation, τcFor the optical thickness factor of vegetation, rSp =1-eSpFor the reflectivity of soil surface;TsIt is effective physical temperature of earth's surface, ωpFor the single scattering albedo of vegetation.
Step 22, the quasi real time surface temperature and microwave radiometer of satellite remote sensing and the acquisition of real-time weather forecasting model are utilized The bright temperature of (such as SMAP, SMOS and AMSR2) observation is extracted the grid emissivity one by one of microwave radiometer scanning track, is built Relational expression under Liru:
γp=e(-τsecθ) (3)
Wherein, TBpFor brightness temperature;T is physical temperature;E is emissivity;Subscript p represents polarization direction, including horizontal pole Change (H) and vertical polarization (V), τ vegetation opacity, ω single scattering albedo, γ canopy transmissivity,The ground of polarization direction p Table emissivity, θ are radiometer view angle or incident.
Step 3, in order to improve the extraction to soil moisture, the influence to vegetation and roughness of ground surface is kicked out of and school Just, specifically:
τ=bVWC (4)
In formula: τ is vegetation opacity, and VWC is vegetation water content,For the soil emissivity of polarization direction p, b is Depending on vegetation pattern, the parameter of microwave frequency, θ is radiometer view angle or incident.
Step 4, using the dielectric constant and existing soil water-containing and soil dielectric constant relational model after conversion, to soil Earth it is aqueous it is counter pushed away, thus realize soil moisture inverting extract, specifically:
Step 41, soil dielectric constant be associated with emissivity it is counter push away, dielectric constant same polarization emissivity is converted:
In formula, εrUpper soll layer dielectric constant;Horizontal polarization emissivity;Vertical polarization emissivity, θ are radiation Count view angle or incident.
Step 42, right using the dielectric constant and existing soil water-containing and soil dielectric constant relational model after conversion Soil water-containing is counter to be pushed away, and realizes that the inverting of soil moisture is extracted:
In formula: ρbSoil block volume density;ρsSoil solid particle specific gravity;mvSoil volumetric water content;εfwFree water dielectric Constant;εsSoil particle dielectric constant, α, β are empirical index number.
By taking regional as an example, study the bright temperature data of the bright temperature data in area from the whole world, under be downloaded from the official of each satellite Square website, specifically:
Step 1, the bright temperature data of domestic and international high-spatial and temporal resolution is downloaded, and according to the feature of the bright temperature of different satellites, is carried out The format conversion of data, resampling, space splicing, same spatial resolution (0.25 °) the brightness temperature production for generating unification Product sequence, specifically:
Step 11, domestic and international bright temperature data is collected, as shown in Figure 3;
Step 12, the format of different satellite bright temperature datas is different, carries out Data Format Transform, is uniformly converted to HDF5, such as Shown in Fig. 4;
Step 13, the spatial resolution of different satellite bright temperature datas is different, resampling is carried out, so that spatial resolution one It causes;
Step 14, the track of the inswept earth of different satellites is different, needs to carry out space splicing to bright temperature data;
Step 15, generate that format is consistent, the consistent bright temperature temperature product of spatial resolution, as shown in Figure 5;
Step 2, soil moisture microwave remote sensing inverse model is constructed, bright temperature is carried out and is converted with emissivity, extract microwave radiation The grid emissivity one by one of meter scanning track, specifically:
Step 21, on the basis of classical τ-ω model, the brightness temperature observed using microwave radiometer is wet with soil The relationship of degree constructs soil moisture microwave remote sensing inverse model;
TBp=Tu+exp(-τa)×[{TdrSpexp(-2τc)}+{eSpTsexp(-τc)+Tc(1-ωp)[1-exp(-τc)][1 +rspexp(-τc)] (1)
Wherein: TBpFor brightness temperature, TuFor the uplink radiation of atmosphere, TdThe downlink radiation for being atmosphere at the top of canopy, τaFor The optical thickness of atmosphere, that subscript p is indicated is polarization mode, TcFor the temperature of vegetation, τcFor the optical thickness factor of vegetation, rSp =1-eSpFor the reflectivity of soil surface;TsIt is effective physical temperature of earth's surface, ωpFor the single scattering albedo of vegetation.
Step 22, the quasi real time surface temperature and microwave radiometer of satellite remote sensing and the acquisition of real-time weather forecasting model are utilized The bright temperature of (such as SMAP, SMOS and AMSR2) observation extracts the grid emissivity one by one of microwave radiometer scanning track;It is bright Spend temperature (TB), physical temperature (T), emissivity (e) by following physical equation establish contact:
γp=e(-τsecθ) (3)
In formula: TBpFor brightness temperature;T is physical temperature;E is emissivity;Subscript p represents polarization direction, including horizontal pole Change (H) and vertical polarization (V), τ vegetation opacity, ω single scattering albedo, γ canopy transmissivity,The ground of polarization direction p Table emissivity, θ are radiometer view angle or incident.
Step 3, in order to improve the extraction to soil moisture, the influence to vegetation and roughness of ground surface is kicked out of and school Just, specifically:
τ=bVWC (4)
In formula: τ vegetation opacity, VWC vegetation water content,The soil emissivity of polarization direction p, b depend on planting By type, the parameter of microwave frequency, the view angle of θ radiometer or incident.
Step 4, soil dielectric constant be associated with emissivity it is counter push away, soil dielectric constant and emissivity relationship pass through famous Fresnel formula is stated, and can be converted to dielectric constant same polarization emissivity, is realized inverting (such as Fig. 6 of soil moisture It is shown), specifically:
Step 41, soil dielectric constant be associated with emissivity it is counter push away, soil dielectric constant and emissivity relationship pass through famous Fresnel formula state, dielectric constant same polarization emissivity can be converted.
In formula, εrUpper soll layer dielectric constant,Horizontal polarization emissivity,Vertical polarization emissivity, θ radiometer View angle or incident.
Step 42, right using the dielectric constant and existing soil water-containing and soil dielectric constant relational model after conversion Soil water-containing is counter to be pushed away, to realize that the inverting of soil moisture is extracted.
In formula: ρbSoil block volume density;ρsSoil solid particle specific gravity;mvSoil volumetric water content;εfwFree water dielectric Constant;εsSoil particle dielectric constant, α, β are empirical index number.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of multi-source satellite soil moisture retrieval method, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the bright temperature data of multi-source satellite is collected, and obtains the same spatial resolution brightness temperature product sequence of unification Column;
Step 2, soil moisture microwave remote sensing inverse model is constructed, bright temperature is carried out and is converted with emissivity, microwave radiometer is extracted and sweeps Retouch the grid emissivity one by one of track;
Include:
Step 21, soil moisture microwave remote sensing inverse model is constructed:
TBp=Tu+exp(-τa)×[{TdrSpexp(-2τc)}+{eSpTsexp(-τc)+Tc(1-ωp)[1-exp(-τc)][1+ rSpexp(-τc)](1)
Wherein: TBpFor brightness temperature, TuFor the uplink radiation of atmosphere, TdThe downlink radiation for being atmosphere at the top of canopy, τaFor atmosphere Optical thickness, subscript p indicate be polarization mode, TcFor the temperature of vegetation, τcFor the optical thickness factor of vegetation, rSp=1- eSpFor the reflectivity of soil surface;TsIt is effective physical temperature of earth's surface, ωpFor the single scattering albedo of vegetation;
Step 22, the quasi real time surface temperature and microwave radiometer obtained using satellite remote sensing and real-time weather forecasting model is observed Bright temperature, extract microwave radiometer scanning track grid emissivity one by one:
γp=e(-τsecθ) (3)
In formula: TBpFor brightness temperature;T is physical temperature;E is emissivity;Subscript p represents polarization direction, including horizontal polarization (H) With vertical polarization (V), τ vegetation opacity, ω single scattering albedo, γ canopy transmissivity,The earth's surface of polarization direction p emits Rate, θ are radiometer view angle or incident;
Step 3, the influence to vegetation and roughness of ground surface is rejected and is corrected;
Step 4, soil dielectric constant is converted with emissivity, is associated with instead using the dielectric constant after conversion with soil moisture It pushes away, realizes the remote-sensing inversion of soil moisture.
2. multi-source satellite soil moisture retrieval method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 3 includes:
τ=bVWC (4)
In formula: τ vegetation opacity, VWC vegetation water content,The soil emissivity of polarization direction p, b depend on vegetation class Type, the parameter of microwave frequency, θ are radiometer view angle or incident.
3. multi-source satellite soil moisture retrieval method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step 4 includes:
Step 41, soil dielectric constant is converted with emissivity:
In formula, εrUpper soll layer dielectric constant,Horizontal polarization emissivity,Vertical polarization emissivity, θ are radiometer sight Angle measurement or incident;
Step 42, using the dielectric constant and existing soil water-containing and soil dielectric constant relational model after conversion, to soil It is aqueous it is counter pushed away, thus realize soil moisture inverting extract:
In formula: ρbSoil block volume density;ρsSoil solid particle specific gravity;mvSoil volumetric water content;εfwFree water dielectric is normal Number;εsSoil particle dielectric constant, α, β are empirical index number.
4. multi-source satellite soil moisture retrieval method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step 1 include with Lower step:
Step 11, domestic and international bright temperature data is collected;
Step 12, the format of different satellite bright temperature datas is different, carries out Data Format Transform, is uniformly converted to HDF5;
Step 13, the spatial resolution of different satellite bright temperature datas is different, resampling is carried out, so that spatial resolution is consistent;
Step 14, the track of the inswept earth of different satellites is different, needs to carry out space splicing to bright temperature data;
Step 15, generate that format is consistent, the consistent bright temperature temperature product of spatial resolution.
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