CN108761032A - A kind of pilot system of simulation power soil arching effect deterioration law - Google Patents
A kind of pilot system of simulation power soil arching effect deterioration law Download PDFInfo
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- CN108761032A CN108761032A CN201810379579.5A CN201810379579A CN108761032A CN 108761032 A CN108761032 A CN 108761032A CN 201810379579 A CN201810379579 A CN 201810379579A CN 108761032 A CN108761032 A CN 108761032A
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of pilot systems of simulation power soil arching effect deterioration law, it is made of loading equipemtn, observation device, test equipment and adjustment equipment, loading equipemtn control carries out loaded load to adjustment equipment, and observation device is arranged in the side of adjustment equipment, and test equipment carries out experimental test.Compared with prior art, the present invention can improve the experiment of power soil arching effect, be observed while realizing different degrees of soil arching effect, stress field and displacement field, and realize the variation of different factor levels.Improve the convenience that test accuracy maintains operation again.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to railway construction fields, can be used for simulating under dynamic loading more particularly, to one kind, dodge gate
When generating to bottom offset, the device of soil arching effect stress field and displacement field changing rule.
Background technology
In research engineering problem, true scene is simulated often through the means of experiment, to obtain certain rule
Rule helps the mechanism for seeking its phenomenon.Model test compares field test or full scale test, can reduce experimental scale, from
And realize the simulation under different operating modes, have the characteristics that small scale, period are short, at low cost.Also therefore, in order to reach experiment mesh
, it needs to design different testing equipments.In design experiment equipment, other than realizing the various conditions and purpose of experiment, still
Operation convenience, Flexibility and variability should be taken into account, to reduce experimentation cost.
Soil arching effect is phenomenon and attribute intrinsic in granular material, is widely present in rock Structure control
In.In pile net structure railway bed, due to the stiffness difference between stake and inter-pile soil, it is heavy to cause to exist between inter-pile soil and stake
Drop is poor so that fractional load is transferred in stake, forms soil arching effect.Soil arching effect can make pile carry on a shoulder pole more loads, to
Reduce subgrade settlement.But with the continuous effect of dynamic load, soil arching effect may change, and may stablize, it is also possible to
The state of unstability, unstability may be instantaneous, it is also possible to the process of gradual change.These different variations can further influence roadbed
The loading sharing of middle stake and soil, influences the military service performance of roadbed.
Still at an early stage at present for research of the soil arching effect under dynamic loading, Most scholars are only studied
The distribution of soil arching effect stress field and changing rule under dynamic loading, but and be not associated with its displacement field and provide more knots
By, the quantitative analysis method of geotechnological effect under especially long-term dynamic loading, therefore urgently seek the lower soil arch effect of power effect
The rule and correlativity of stress field and displacement field when should change.In addition to this, in the experiment of power soil arching effect, in the past
Observation for soil arching effect displacement field shoots photo to be laid with color sand, imports in CAD based on being analyzed, and for the soil body
Particle flow trend can not judge that therefore, it is difficult to disclose the development and change rule of displacement field.
Therefore, it to improve the experiment of power soil arching effect, is observed while realizing stress field and displacement field, and realize not
With the variation of factor level, need to design a set of collection loading equipemtn, observation device, test equipment, experimental condition variable system
Testing equipment.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of simulation power soil to encircle
The pilot system of effect deterioration law.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
It is a kind of simulation power soil arching effect deterioration law pilot system, by loading equipemtn, observation device, test equipment and
Adjustment equipment forms,
Adjustment equipment is to simulate the sedimentation device of different dodge gate width and dodge gate displacement and to carry load
Equipment and servo action device, the observation device for bearing the reaction frame of counter-force, loading equipemtn simulation different frequency and load amplitude are
Observing cross sections displacement field and the PIV digital image processing systems of soil particle flow tendency, test equipment are soil arching effect region
The film single-point strain gauge of arrangement.
The adjustment equipment is made of model casing, dodge gate regulating device, testing stand and reaction frame,
Using the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate of 20mm thickness as model box material, on the one hand since transparent organic glass plate is with good
Good perspectivity can reduce and be made during the test because of model carton deformed on the other hand since it is with stronger rigidity
At test error, while the sensor that model casing back is reserved test equipment is punched, aperture 2mm；Due to model
The punching of case back destroys whole stability, therefore using three steel columns reinforce and use three corner posts in seamed edge
It is reinforced, the size of model casing is 700mm*300mm*720mm.
Dodge gate regulating device through flanged joint in the bottom of the model casing, including made of several spiral lifts
Dodge gate, the inter-pile soil of each spiral lift simulation one fixed width, specifically, dodge gate regulating device include lifting silk
The top of bar, bevel gear, axle bed and Handle axis, the elevating screw connects dodge gate, and the bevel gear is equipped with intermeshing
It two, is respectively sleeved on the lower section and axle bed of elevating screw, the Handle axis is connect with axle bed.Each dodge gate width is
50mm；The total kilometres of screw elevator are 100mm, and Handle axis, dodge gate rise or fall 1mm for each revolution, to simulate
Different degrees of inter-pile soil sedimentation can be simulated a variety of by combining the dodge gate of different number and declining dodge gate displacement
The stake spacing of width and different degrees of initial soil arching effect.
The model casing and dodge gate regulating device are in contact with the slideway on testing stand as a whole, by 4 pulleys,
The position for changing regulating system can be facilitated, conducive to the operation banketed and fetched earth.The reaction frame is connect with the testing stand.
Bogey of the reaction frame crossbeam as servo actuator is connected by flange with gate pillar, and crossbeam passes through
Fixation pulley blocks and steel wire rope above pillar and below testing stand are fixed on, hand lifting can be carried out, therefore can be to difference
The crossbeam of height is adjusted, thus when meeting in model casing the depth of fill and changing, the height of loading device also can be with time-varying
Change.
The loading equipemtn is the actuator using electro-hydraulic servo control, therefore can accurately adjust application during experiment
Load amplitude, the frequency and load action mode of actuator can also be adjusted by control system, thus example can be simulated
As specific to railway dynamic load " M types wave ", to realize the variable of loading environment.Servo actuator passes through flange and reaction frame
Crossbeam is fixed together.
Force snesor is fixed in the bottom of the actuator.
The observation device uses PIV image processing techniques, arranges soft box in model casing front, is shone to eliminate shooting
The hot spot and shade of on piece acquire image using high-speed CCD camera, and frequency acquisition is up to 16 frames/second.Pass through a series of PIV
The photo of software control shooting can analyze image data, the flow behavior of sand in diagnostic cast molding box, and soil arch
Effect displacement field situation of change.
The test equipment is film one point sensing device, since its thickness is only 1mm, diameter 10mm, compares more traditional soil
The size of pressure cell can ignore influence of the sensor to test result, also therefore can arrange that measuring point to survey by increase
It is more continuous to try range.
Compared with prior art, first passage of the present invention design, provide such a collection regulating system, loading equipemtn,
The pilot system of observation device and test equipment improves the convenience that test accuracy maintains operation again.It is based on
This pilot system can further obtain the lower correlativity between soil arching effect displacement field and stress field of power effect, be railway
The design parameter of pile net structure roadbed is advised, to ensure the safety of construction quality.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall positive structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the overall side structure schematic view of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of model casing；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of dodge gate regulating device.
In figure, 1- model casings, 2- dodge gates regulating device, 3- reaction frames column, 4- reaction frames crossbeam, 5- testing stands bottom
Seat, 6- slideways, 7- preformed holes, 8- lifting hand crank, 9- pulley blocks, 10- steel wires halliard, 11- actuator, 12- fixed cross beams
Bolt hole, 13- triangular form counter-forces post setting, 14- reaction frames pedestal, 15- soft boxes, 16- high-speed CCD cameras, 17- computers,
18- thin film sensors Acquisition Instrument, 19- computers, the wiring of 20- thin film sensors, 21- aluminium alloys reinforce column, 22- organic glasses
Plate, 23- stiffeners column, 24- aluminum alloy bases, 25- aluminum alloy frames, 26- dodge gates, 27- elevating screws, 28- umbrella tooths
Wheel, 29- axle beds, 30- Handle axis.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection domain.
Embodiment
It is a kind of simulation power soil arching effect deterioration law pilot system, structure as shown in Figure 1, mainly by loading equipemtn,
Observation device, test equipment and adjustment equipment composition, adjustment equipment is simulating different dodge gate width and dodge gate displacement
Sedimentation device and to carry loading equipemtn and bear the reaction frame of counter-force, loading equipemtn simulation different frequency and load amplitude
Servo action device, the PIV digital image processing systems that observation device is observing cross sections displacement field and soil particle flow tendency,
Test equipment is the film single-point strain gauge of soil arching effect region arrangement.
Specifically, adjustment equipment is made of model casing 1, dodge gate regulating device 2, testing stand and reaction frame, model casing 1
Structure as shown in figure 3, using 20mm thickness poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 22 be used as model box material, on the one hand due to transparent organic glass
There is glass plate good perspectivity can reduce during the test because of model on the other hand since it is with stronger rigidity
Carton deformed and caused by test error, while the sensor that model casing back is reserved test equipment is provided with preformed hole 7, aperture
For 2mm；Since the punching of model casing back destroys whole stability, reinforced using three stiffener columns 23
And column 21 is reinforced using the aluminium alloy of triangle in seamed edge and is reinforced, the size of model casing is 700mm*300mm*
720mm is respectively equipped with aluminum alloy frame 25 and aluminum alloy base 24 up and down.
The structure of dodge gate regulating device 2 is as shown in figure 4, through flanged joint in the bottom of model casing 1, including by several spiral shells
Dodge gate made of elevator is revolved, the inter-pile soil of each spiral lift simulation one fixed width, specifically, dodge gate adjusts dress
It sets including elevating screw 27, bevel gear 28, axle bed 29 and Handle axis 30, the top of elevating screw connects dodge gate 26, bevel gear
28 are equipped with intermeshing two, are respectively sleeved on the lower section and axle bed 29 of elevating screw 27, and Handle axis 30 connects with axle bed 29
It connects.Each dodge gate width is 50mm；The total kilometres of screw elevator are 100mm, for each revolution Handle axis, on dodge gate
1mm is risen or declines, to simulate different degrees of inter-pile soil sedimentation, by dodge gate and the decline activity of combining different number
Door displacement can simulate the stake spacing of a variety of width and different degrees of initial soil arching effect.
Model casing 1 and dodge gate regulating device 2 as a whole, pass through 4 pulleys and 6 phase of slideway on testing stand pedestal 5
Contact can facilitate the position for changing regulating system, conducive to the operation banketed and fetched earth.
Reaction frame is connect with testing stand, and reaction frame includes reaction frame column 3, reaction frame crossbeam 4, triangular form reaction frame branch
Column 13, reaction frame pedestal 14 etc., bogey of the reaction frame crossbeam 4 as servo actuator, on reaction frame column 3 from it is upper it
Under offer fixed cross beam bolt hole 12, reaction frame crossbeam 4 is connected by flange with the reaction frame column 3 of gate, and
It is supported by triangular form counter-force post setting 13 is further to reaction frame column 3.Reaction frame crossbeam 4 is erected by being fixed on counter-force
3 top of column and fixation pulley blocks 9 and steel wire halliard 10 below testing stand, can carry out hand lifting, therefore can be to difference
The crossbeam of height is adjusted, thus when meeting in model casing the depth of fill and changing, the height of loading device also can be with time-varying
Change.
Loading equipemtn is the actuator 11 using electro-hydraulic servo control, therefore can accurately adjust what experiment applied in the process
Load amplitude, the frequency and load action mode of actuator can also be adjusted by control system, thus can be simulated for example
" M types wave " specific to railway dynamic load, to realize the variable of loading environment.Servo actuator is horizontal by flange and reaction frame
Beam is fixed together.The also fixed force snesor in the bottom of actuator 11.
Observation device uses PIV image processing techniques, soft box 15 is arranged in model casing front, to eliminate shooting photo
On hot spot and shade, image is acquired using high-speed CCD camera 16, frequency acquisition is up to 16 frames/second.By carrying row PIV
The photo of the control shooting of computer 17 of software can analyze image data, and the flowing of sand is special in diagnostic cast molding box
Property and soil arching effect displacement field situation of change.
Test equipment is film one point sensing device, since its thickness is only 1mm, diameter 10mm, compares more traditional soil pressure
The size of box can ignore influence of the sensor to test result, also therefore can arrange that measuring point to test model by increase
It encloses more continuously, film one point sensing device is arranged in model casing 1, and passes through thin film sensor wiring 20 and thin film sensor
Acquisition Instrument 18 connects, and the data recordation of acquisition is in the computer 19 with stress data writing function.
In the use of the present invention, first by configuring the yellow ground of different water cut, it is true by direct shear test and consolidation test
The physical property and mechanical property for determining model clay make it keep similitude with true subgrade soil, this experiment constructing soil weight
Degree is 15, moisture content 1%.Model clay layering is laid with, and the color sand of 2mm thickness is laid with per layer of surface, to assist later stage PIV image
Processing；Meanwhile film laying one point sensing device, sensor wire is pierced by from model casing preformed hole, accesses Acquisition Instrument.This examination
It is 300mm to test the depth of fill, divides 5 times and fills.
After the depth of fill reaches experiment preset height, reaction frame beam height is adjusted by hand crank so that actuator
Surface of banketing just is contacted, the parameters of loading equipemtn are set.Meanwhile adjusting position and the brightness of soft box so that observation
Surface removes reflective hot spot and shade.Start PIV softwares and high-speed CCD camera, adjusts camera position and focal length so that in PIV
The soil particle in observation scope is clearly seen in software.After the completion of to be adjusted, calibrating parameters.
After equipment to be loaded, observation device, test equipment are ready to complete, according to this experimental condition, research activities door is needed
Width is 1 with the depth of fill:Soil arching effect when 3, therefore adjust device intended：Move down 2 dodge gates.Experimental design connection
Dynamic device can move down dodge gate simultaneously under the action of motor, ensure that the consistent of dodge gate displacement by linkage
Property, motor every revolution, dodge gate moves down 1mm.While opening dodge gate, sensing data and displacement field picture are recorded.
After complete soil arch to be generated, stopping moves down dodge gate.Start servo actuator at this time, starts to simulate railway bed institute
The dynamic load received, until soil body particle no longer flows or sensing data is steadily unchanged.
After the completion of to be tested, by the reaction frame hand crank in regulating system, actuator is carried away into model casing.It simultaneously closes off
Soft box and high-speed CCD camera.PIV batch processings are carried out by the photo to shooting, can further obtain soil body particle flow
Direction and flow velocity and complete soil arching effect region.
In conclusion the pilot system effect of soil arching effect deterioration law is good under simulation dynamic loading of the present invention
It is good.It facts have proved and have the advantages that：
1, pilot system covers comprehensively, integrates loading equipemtn, observation device, test equipment, regulating system, passes through machine
Tool or automation mechanized operation, when being adapted to a variety of experimental conditions changes, the observation of test result.
2, in regulating system full autonomous Design dodge gate regulating system, dodge gate can be accurately controlled and move down displacement, lead to
Motor speed is overregulated, also dodge gate can control to move down speed.The condition to form complete soil arch, profit can be thus accurately obtained
When analyzing dynamic, the variation of soil arching effect.
3, can be with dynamic load caused by accurate simulation using the actuator of electro-hydraulic servo control, therefore indoor model tries
True field condition can be closer to by testing.
4, using novel technical methods such as PIV so that experiment process can visualize, and can analyze particle flow rule
Compared with conventional observation method experimental phenomena can be explained further from microcosmic in rule.
5, using novel devices such as film one point sensing devices, it is possible to reduce caused by sensor own dimensions or range accidentally
Difference, to which more traditional test method obtains more accurate test data.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring the substantive content of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. it is a kind of simulation power soil arching effect deterioration law pilot system, which is characterized in that the pilot system by loading equipemtn,
Observation device, test equipment and adjustment equipment composition,
The loading equipemtn control carries out loaded load to adjustment equipment, and the observation device is arranged in the side of adjustment equipment,
The test equipment carries out experimental test.
2. a kind of pilot system of simulation power soil arching effect deterioration law according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Adjustment equipment is stated to be made of model casing, dodge gate regulating device, testing stand and reaction frame,
The model casing is spliced to form by poly (methyl methacrylate) plate,
The dodge gate regulating device through flanged joint in the bottom of the model casing, including made of several spiral lifts
Dodge gate, the inter-pile soil of each spiral lift simulation one fixed width,
The model casing and dodge gate regulating device are connect by pulley with the ramps contact on the testing stand,
The reaction frame is connect with the testing stand.
3. a kind of pilot system of simulation power soil arching effect deterioration law according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
It states model casing back and reserves sensor wire hole, three reinforcing steel bar upright posts are set at model casing back, aluminium alloy is set at four arris
Three corner posts.
4. a kind of pilot system of simulation power soil arching effect deterioration law according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
It includes elevating screw, bevel gear, axle bed and Handle axis, the top connection activity of the elevating screw to state dodge gate regulating device
Door, the bevel gear be equipped with intermeshing two, be respectively sleeved on the lower section and axle bed of elevating screw, the Handle axis with
Axle bed connects.
5. a kind of pilot system of simulation power soil arching effect deterioration law according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
It includes two pillars being connect with testing stand and the crossbeam being connected between two pillars to state reaction frame, and the crossbeam is by being fixed on
Fixation pulley blocks and steel wire rope above pillar and below testing stand carry out hand lifting to adjust height.
6. a kind of pilot system of simulation power soil arching effect deterioration law according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
It is the actuator using electro-hydraulic servo control to state loading equipemtn.
7. a kind of pilot system of simulation power soil arching effect deterioration law according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
Force snesor is fixed in the bottom for stating actuator.
8. a kind of pilot system of simulation power soil arching effect deterioration law according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states observation device and arranges soft box in model casing front, image is acquired using high-speed CCD camera, using PIV image processing techniques
Image data is analyzed.
9. a kind of pilot system of simulation power soil arching effect deterioration law according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It is film one point sensing device to state test equipment.
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| CN113156088A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-23 | 北京工业大学 | Visual rigid model box for saturated soft sediment deformation simulation earthquake test |
| CN113293807A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-24 | 武汉大学 | Sand structure microscopic test model |
| CN115343448A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-11-15 | 湖南大学 | Novel movable door model test device and method based on soil arch effect research |
| CN115538404A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2022-12-30 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Dynamic circulation load lower pile net structure load sharing test device and test method thereof |
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| CN110940571A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-31 | 河北建筑工程学院 | Test device for simulating dynamic soil arch effect of shed frame structure |
| CN110940571B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2023-02-17 | 河北建筑工程学院 | Test device for simulating dynamic soil arch effect of shed frame structure |
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| CN115343448A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-11-15 | 湖南大学 | Novel movable door model test device and method based on soil arch effect research |
| CN115343448B (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-03-17 | 湖南大学 | Novel movable door model test device and method based on soil arch effect research |
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Application publication date: 20181106 |