CN108757048B - Bacterial blade root, steam turbine blade and steam turbine - Google Patents

Bacterial blade root, steam turbine blade and steam turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108757048B
CN108757048B CN201810863668.7A CN201810863668A CN108757048B CN 108757048 B CN108757048 B CN 108757048B CN 201810863668 A CN201810863668 A CN 201810863668A CN 108757048 B CN108757048 B CN 108757048B
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root
groove
blade
section
wheel groove
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CN108757048A (en
Inventor
张权
韩方亮
王开拓
王达君
彭博
蒋贤耀
乐谦
张智睿
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China Chang Jiang Energy Group Corp
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China Chang Jiang Energy Group Corp
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of turbine equipment, and discloses a fungus blade root, a turbine blade and a turbine. The fungus type blade root comprises a root body, a root wheel groove is formed in the root body, the root wheel groove is downwards opened, the front end and the rear end of the root wheel groove are opened, and rim protrusions are respectively arranged on the left groove surface and the right groove surface of the root wheel groove; balance grooves are respectively arranged on the front and rear surfaces of the root body, and are arranged on the root body above the root wheel groove and/or on the root body corresponding to the upper middle part of the root wheel groove. The fungus-type blade root reduces the pressure difference between two sides of the blades connected to the fungus-type blade root on the basis of avoiding weakening the rim strength, ensures the stability of the blades, improves the axial thrust of the whole turbine, and prolongs the service life of the whole turbine.

Description

Bacterial blade root, steam turbine blade and steam turbine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of turbine equipment, in particular to a bacterial blade root, a turbine blade and a turbine.
Background
The steam turbine is also called a steam turbine engine, and is a rotary steam power device, high-temperature and high-pressure steam passes through a fixed nozzle to become accelerated airflow and then is sprayed onto blades, so that a rotor provided with a blade row rotates and simultaneously performs external work. Steam turbines are the main equipment of modern thermal power plants and are also used in metallurgical industry, chemical industry and ship power plants.
The rotor and the rotor blades of a steam turbine are the main moving parts, and the part where the rotor blades are fixed to the rotor is the blade root when the rotor is highly operated. Common root pressing forms include inverted T-shape, outsourced T-shape, double inverted T-shape, fork shape, fir tree shape, fungus shape and the like. Wherein the shorter straight blades are in an inverted T shape, and are externally wrapped with a T shape and a double inverted T shape; longer variable-section blades usually adopt fir tree-shaped and fork-shaped tree roots, and last blades mostly adopt fungus-shaped blade roots. Bacterial blade roots are also widely used in high speed industrial turbines.
The number of blades in the working process of the steam turbine is large, and the damage of any one blade can affect the safe operation of the whole unit, so that the design and the manufacture of the blades are extremely important. The blades can generate aging phenomenon after the machine set runs for a long time, so that the economy and reliability of the machine set are reduced. In particular, the pressure difference between two sides of the existing blade connected through the bacterial blade root is large, and stability is challenged when the blade runs for a long time, so that the service life of the whole machine is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bacterial blade root so as to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the pressure difference between two sides of a turbine blade connected through the bacterial blade root is large, and the stability of the blade is challenged when the blade runs for a long time, so that the service life of the whole machine is reduced.
The invention also aims to provide the turbine blade, so as to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the pressure difference between two sides of the turbine blade connected through the bacterial blade root is large, and the stability of the blade is challenged when the blade runs for a long time, so that the service life of the whole machine is reduced.
The invention also aims to provide a steam turbine, so as to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the pressure difference between two sides of a steam turbine blade connected through a fungus blade root is large, and the stability of the blade is challenged when the blade runs for a long time, so that the service life of the whole turbine is reduced.
Based on the first object, the invention provides a bacterial blade root, which comprises a root body, wherein a root wheel groove is arranged on the root body, the root wheel groove is downwards opened, the front end and the rear end of the root wheel groove are opened, and rim protrusions are respectively arranged on the left groove surface and the right groove surface of the root wheel groove; balance grooves are respectively arranged on the front and rear surfaces of the root body, and are arranged on the root body above the root wheel groove and/or on the root body corresponding to the upper middle part of the root wheel groove.
Further, the balance groove penetrates between the left surface and the right surface of the root body.
Further, the balancing groove comprises an inclined section and a straight section, the inclined section is arranged at the middle upper part of the root wheel groove, the straight section is arranged above the root wheel groove and horizontally, and the tail end of the inclined section is connected with the straight section.
Further, the inclined section is connected with the straight section through an arc section.
Further, the root body comprises an upper section and a lower section which are of an integral structure, the left and right longitudinal sections of the upper section are approximately rectangular, the left and right longitudinal sections of the lower section are approximately trapezoidal, and the root wheel groove is arranged at the middle lower part of the lower section;
the straight section is arranged at the connection position of the upper section and the lower section.
Further, the balancing groove is an arc-shaped groove with a circular arc-shaped section.
Further, the root body is provided with a semicircular pin hole corresponding to the top of the root wheel groove.
Based on the second object, the invention further provides a turbine blade, and the bottom of the turbine blade is integrally connected with the bacterial blade root.
Based on the third object, the invention further provides a steam turbine, wherein the rotor of the steam turbine is connected with the steam turbine blade.
Further, a rim matched with the root wheel groove is arranged on the steam turbine rotor, and the rim is inserted into the root wheel groove and is tightly connected with the root wheel groove.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the fungus type blade root provided by the invention comprises a root body, wherein a root wheel groove is formed in the root body, the root wheel groove is downwards opened, the front end and the rear end of the root wheel groove are opened, and rim protrusions are respectively arranged on the left groove surface and the right groove surface of the root wheel groove; balance grooves are respectively arranged on the front and rear surfaces of the root body, and are arranged on the root body above the root wheel groove and/or on the root body corresponding to the upper middle part of the root wheel groove. According to the fungus-type blade root, the balancing grooves are respectively formed in the front and rear sides of the root body, and are formed in the root body above the root wheel groove and/or in the corresponding root body at the upper middle part of the root wheel groove, so that the pressure difference between two sides of the blades connected to the fungus-type blade root is reduced on the basis of avoiding weakening the rim strength, the stability of the blades is ensured, the axial thrust of the whole turbine is improved, and the service life of the whole turbine is prolonged.
The bottom of the turbine blade is integrally connected with the bacterial blade root. Compared with the bacterial blade root provided by the invention, the steam turbine blade has the same beneficial effects as the bacterial blade root in the prior art, and the beneficial effects of the bacterial blade root can be intuitively obtained through the description of the bacterial blade root, and the detailed description is omitted.
The rotor of the steam turbine is connected with the steam turbine blade. Compared with the bacterial blade root and the steam turbine blade provided by the invention in the prior art, the steam turbine has the same beneficial effects, and the beneficial effects of the bacterial blade root can be intuitively obtained through the description of the bacterial blade root, and are not described in detail.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a bacterial blade root according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-root body; 11-upper section; 12-lower section; 2-root wheel groove; 21-rim convexity; 3-balancing grooves; 31-a straight section; 32-diagonal segments; 33-arc segment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like are used, the indicated azimuth or positional relationship is based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and does not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like, as used herein, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, this embodiment provides a bacterial blade root, including a root body 1, a root groove 2 is provided on the root body 1, the root groove 2 is opened downwards and the front and rear ends of the root groove 2 are opened, that is, grooves of the root groove 2 with front and rear ends penetrating and open on the ground are provided, and rim protrusions 21 are provided on the left and right groove surfaces of the root groove 2 respectively. Balance grooves 3 are respectively formed in the front and rear surfaces of the root body 1, and the balance grooves 3 are formed in the root body 1 above the root wheel groove 2 and/or the balance grooves 3 are formed in the root body 1 corresponding to the upper middle portion of the root wheel groove 2.
The front, rear, left, and right are described for the purpose of explaining the relative positional relationship, wherein the front and rear directions refer to the directions perpendicular to the paper surface in fig. 1, and the left and right directions refer to the left and right directions in fig. 1.
The root canal 2 is opened downwards and the front and rear ends of the root canal 2 are opened, i.e. as shown in fig. 1, the root canal 2 is a slot with a top surface and left and right side surfaces only.
The front and back surfaces of the root body 1 are respectively provided with a balance groove 3, that is, the two end surfaces of the root body 1 which are communicated with the opening of the root wheel groove 2 are respectively provided with a balance groove 3.
The left groove surface and the right groove surface of the root wheel groove 2 are respectively provided with rim protrusions 21, the left groove surface and the right groove surface can be axially symmetrically arranged, one side of the groove surface can be provided with three rim protrusions 21 at intervals up and down, matching gaps of rotor rims are formed between the rim protrusions 21, and the surfaces of the rim protrusions 21 are smooth.
The bacterial blade root of the invention reduces the pressure difference between two sides (two sides refer to the front and back sides of the blade and correspond to the two sides through which the root wheel groove 2 is communicated) of the blade connected on the bacterial blade root by arranging the balance grooves 3 on the front and back sides of the root body 1 (namely the two sides of the root body through which the root wheel groove 2 is communicated), ensures the stability of the blade and prolongs the stability of the blade in long-term operation; and correspondingly improves the axial thrust of the whole turbine and prolongs the service life of the whole turbine.
Meanwhile, the balance groove 3 is arranged on the root body 1 above the root wheel groove 2 and/or the balance groove 3 is arranged on the root body 1 corresponding to the upper middle part of the root wheel groove 2, and the balance groove 3 avoids the weak strength position of the root body 1, thereby avoiding weakening the rim strength.
Specifically, the balancing groove 3 of the bacterial blade root of the present embodiment penetrates between the left and right surfaces of the root body 1. That is, as shown in fig. 1, both ends of the balance groove 3 extend to the left and right side surfaces of the root body 1, respectively, and the balance groove 3 spans across the width direction of the front and rear surfaces of the root body 1.
As a preferable scheme, the balancing groove 3 includes an inclined section 32 and a straight section 31, the inclined section 32 is disposed at the middle upper portion of the root canal 2, the straight section 31 is disposed above the root canal 2 and horizontally disposed, and the end of the inclined section 32 is connected with the straight section 31. As shown in fig. 1, the diagonal segment 32 should be of an upwardly inclined configuration facing the straight segment 31, which is horizontally disposed, and the horizontal direction should coincide with the left-right width direction of the root.
It can be understood that the balancing groove 3 is communicated between the left side surface and the right side surface of the root body 1, so that the balancing groove 3 can balance the whole front surface and the rear surface of the root body 1, thereby better reducing the pressure difference between two sides of the blade connected to the bacterial blade root and ensuring the stability of the blade. Meanwhile, the inclined section 32 and the straight section 31 are matched, the shape of the root canal 2 is catered for, the balance groove 3 with a larger area is arranged on the basis that the strength of the root body 1 is not reduced, and the running shape of the balance groove 3 is the most preferable arrangement form for reducing the pressure difference at two sides of the blade through experiments.
As a further preferred embodiment, the oblique section 32 is connected to the straight section 31 by an arcuate section 33. The arc-shaped section 33 not only enables the connection position of the straight section 31 and the arc-shaped section 33 to be more attractive, but also forms smooth transition at the connection position of the straight section 31 and the arc-shaped section 33, has larger processing freedom degree and facilitates the processing of the balance groove 3.
The root body 1 of the bacterial-type blade root commonly used at present is generally in a variable cross-section form, specifically, the blade root comprises an upper section 11 and a lower section 12 which are integrally formed, the left and right longitudinal sections of the upper section 11 are substantially rectangular, the left and right longitudinal sections of the lower section 12 are substantially trapezoidal, and the root wheel groove 2 is disposed at the middle lower portion of the lower section 12. For this form of root pressing, the straight section 31 is preferably provided at the connection position of the upper section 11 and the lower section 12, as shown in fig. 1.
It will be appreciated that the straight section 31 is disposed at the connection position between the upper section 11 and the lower section 12, so that the strength of the bacterial blade root is not affected at first, and the comparison tests of the balancing grooves at a plurality of different positions prove that the balancing groove 3 is disposed at the position of the bacterial blade root with the structure, so that the pressure balancing effect on the front and rear sides of the blade root is best.
The balancing slot of the bacterial blade root of this embodiment is a slot which is arranged in the concave front and back surfaces of the root body 1, and can be an arc-shaped slot, that is, the cross section of the balancing slot is arc-shaped. The arc-shaped groove is convenient to process and has small stress, and the strength of the bacterial blade root can be guaranteed not to be influenced to the greatest extent.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the root body 1 is provided with a semicircular pin hole corresponding to the top of the root wheel groove 2.
It will be appreciated that the top of the root canal 2 refers to the upper end of the root canal 2 as shown in fig. 1; after the root wheel groove 2 of the bacterial blade root and the rim of the rotor are slightly loosely assembled, the bacterial blade root and the rim of the rotor can be tightly pressed by embedding a semicircular pin, so that the rim of the rotor is tightly clamped in the root wheel groove 2, and the connection stability of the blades and the rotor is ensured.
The bacterial blade root of the present embodiment may be formed by processing an existing bacterial blade root, specifically, processing balancing grooves 3 on two surfaces through which the root wheel groove 2 of the existing bacterial blade root is penetrated. The processing is convenient, and no extra purchasing cost is generated.
In summary, the bacterial type blade has the following beneficial effects:
1. the balance groove 3 is arranged on the root body 1 above the root wheel groove 2 and/or the balance groove 3 is arranged on the root body 1 corresponding to the upper middle part of the root wheel groove 2, so that the weakening of the strength of the rim can be avoided.
2. The balance groove 3 is convenient to process and has high processing precision.
3. The balancing groove 3 can improve the axial thrust of the whole machine.
4. The balance groove 3 can reduce the pressure difference on two sides of the blade, and ensures the stability of the blade.
Example two
The embodiment provides a steam turbine blade, and the bottom of the steam turbine blade is integrally connected with the bacterial blade root in the first embodiment. That is, the turbine blade of this embodiment is provided with the bacterial blade root of the above embodiment, and the whole turbine blade is of an integral structure.
Specifically, the turbine blade includes a bacterial blade root and a blade body provided on an upper portion of the blade root.
The bacterial blade root comprises a root body 1, a root wheel groove 2 is arranged on the root body 1, the root wheel groove 2 is downwards opened, the front end and the rear end of the root wheel groove 2 are opened, and rim protrusions 21 are respectively arranged on the left groove surface and the right groove surface of the root wheel groove 2. Balance grooves 3 are respectively formed in the front and rear surfaces of the root body 1, and the balance grooves 3 are formed in the root body 1 above the root wheel groove 2 and/or the balance grooves 3 are formed in the root body 1 corresponding to the upper middle portion of the root wheel groove 2.
The shape of the leaf body is matched with that of the upper section of the root body 1, and the leaf body and the upper section of the root body 1 are integrally formed, so that the upper section of the root body 1 is a part of the leaf body.
According to the steam turbine blade, the balance grooves 3 are formed in the front and rear surfaces of the root body 1 of the fungus blade root, so that the pressure difference between two sides of the whole steam turbine blade in operation is reduced, the stability of the blade is ensured, the service life of the steam turbine blade is prolonged, the axial thrust of the whole steam turbine can be improved, and the safety service life of the whole steam turbine is prolonged correspondingly.
Example III
The embodiment provides a steam turbine, wherein a rotor of the steam turbine is connected with the steam turbine blade according to the second embodiment.
Specifically, the turbine blade comprises a bacterial blade root and a blade body arranged on the upper part of the blade root. The bacterial blade root comprises a root body 1, a root wheel groove 2 is arranged on the root body 1, the root wheel groove 2 is downwards opened, the front end and the rear end of the root wheel groove 2 are opened, and rim protrusions 21 are respectively arranged on the left groove surface and the right groove surface of the root wheel groove 2. Balance grooves 3 are respectively formed in the front and rear surfaces of the root body 1, and the balance grooves 3 are formed in the root body 1 above the root wheel groove 2 and/or the balance grooves 3 are formed in the root body 1 corresponding to the upper middle portion of the root wheel groove 2. The shape of the leaf body is matched with that of the upper section of the root body 1, and the leaf body and the upper section of the root body 1 are integrally formed, so that the upper section of the root body 1 is a part of the leaf body.
The steam turbine rotor is provided with a rim which is matched with the root wheel groove 2, and the rim is inserted into the root wheel groove 2 and is tightly connected with the root wheel groove 2.
The specific structure of the turbine blade of the turbine of this embodiment is described in detail in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and the turbine rotor is a general turbine rotor.
Compared with the bacterial blade root and the steam turbine blade provided by the invention, the steam turbine has the same beneficial effects as the prior art, and can be intuitively deduced through the above description, and detailed description is omitted.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The fungus-type blade root is characterized by comprising a root body, wherein a root wheel groove is formed in the root body, the root wheel groove is downwards opened, the front end and the rear end of the root wheel groove are opened, and rim protrusions are respectively arranged on the left groove surface and the right groove surface of the root wheel groove; balance grooves are respectively arranged on the front and rear surfaces of the root body, and are arranged on the root body above the root wheel groove and the root body corresponding to the upper middle part of the root wheel groove;
the balance groove penetrates through the left surface and the right surface of the root body;
the balance groove comprises an inclined section and a straight section, the inclined section is arranged at the middle upper part of the root wheel groove, the straight section is arranged above the root wheel groove and horizontally, and the tail end of the inclined section is connected with the straight section.
2. The mycolic blade root of claim 1, wherein the oblique section and the straight section are connected by an arcuate section.
3. The mycotype blade root of claim 1, wherein the root body comprises an upper section and a lower section of an integral structure, a left and right longitudinal section of the upper section is substantially rectangular, a left and right longitudinal section of the lower section is substantially trapezoidal, and the root wheel groove is provided at a middle lower portion of the lower section;
the straight section is arranged at the connection position of the upper section and the lower section.
4. The bacterial blade root of claim 1, wherein the balancing groove is an arcuate groove with a circular arc-shaped cross section.
5. The mycorrhizal blade root of claim 1, wherein the root body is provided with a semicircular pin hole corresponding to the top of the root wheel groove.
6. A steam turbine blade, characterized in that the bottom of the steam turbine blade is integrally connected with a bacterial blade root according to any one of the preceding claims 1-5.
7. A steam turbine having a rotor to which the turbine blade of claim 6 is attached.
8. The steam turbine of claim 7, wherein the steam turbine rotor is provided with a rim fitted to the root groove, and the rim is inserted into the root groove and tightly coupled.
CN201810863668.7A 2018-08-01 2018-08-01 Bacterial blade root, steam turbine blade and steam turbine Active CN108757048B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110107362A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-09 南京赛达机械制造有限公司 High-strength corrosion-resisting steam turbine fastening type movable vane piece

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JPH07166805A (en) * 1993-12-17 1995-06-27 Toshiba Corp Steam turbine moving blade
CN202055869U (en) * 2011-04-25 2011-11-30 常州市三维技术成套设备有限公司 Twin moving blades of steam turbine
CN102943695A (en) * 2012-08-30 2013-02-27 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 Balancing method for bacterial type looped blade roots and blades
CN107143381A (en) * 2017-06-06 2017-09-08 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 It is a kind of to reduce the gas turbine turbine first order movable vane piece of stress
CN208546195U (en) * 2018-08-01 2019-02-26 中国长江动力集团有限公司 Bacterial type blade root, turbine blade and steam turbine

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JP5450176B2 (en) * 2010-03-10 2014-03-26 株式会社東芝 Turbine blade cascade and steam turbine
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07166805A (en) * 1993-12-17 1995-06-27 Toshiba Corp Steam turbine moving blade
CN202055869U (en) * 2011-04-25 2011-11-30 常州市三维技术成套设备有限公司 Twin moving blades of steam turbine
CN102943695A (en) * 2012-08-30 2013-02-27 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 Balancing method for bacterial type looped blade roots and blades
CN107143381A (en) * 2017-06-06 2017-09-08 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 It is a kind of to reduce the gas turbine turbine first order movable vane piece of stress
CN208546195U (en) * 2018-08-01 2019-02-26 中国长江动力集团有限公司 Bacterial type blade root, turbine blade and steam turbine

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