CN108756944A - The method that surface subsidence is controlled during mining - Google Patents

The method that surface subsidence is controlled during mining Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108756944A
CN108756944A CN201810529544.5A CN201810529544A CN108756944A CN 108756944 A CN108756944 A CN 108756944A CN 201810529544 A CN201810529544 A CN 201810529544A CN 108756944 A CN108756944 A CN 108756944A
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China
Prior art keywords
stratum
injected
main key
pressure
injected hole
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CN201810529544.5A
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CN108756944B (en
Inventor
朱开成
霍超
赵明
晏嘉
赵岳
潘海洋
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General Survey and Research Institute of China Coal Geology Bureau
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General Survey and Research Institute of China Coal Geology Bureau
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21CMINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/18Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/001Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to " under three " mining pressed coal fields, provide a kind of method that coal mining controls surface subsidence in the process.This approach includes the following steps:Thief hole is opened up in earth's surface;Each rock stratum is sampled by thief hole, to obtain the layer position information of main key stratum and each inferior key strata;According to the layer position information of main key stratum and inferior key strata, multiple injected holes for extending respectively to grouting horizon are opened up along the direction of propulsion of working face in earth's surface;Wherein, grouting horizon is the contact surface of main key stratum and soft layer below;The water filling into injected hole by high-pressure pump;Direction of propulsion along working face is mined, while judging whether the hydraulic pressure in each injected hole reduces, if then being injected the coal ash pulp being pre-mixed in corresponding injected hole by high-pressure pump.The present invention judges time for injecting by using the variation of hydraulic pressure in the injected hole opened up in advance, avoid coal mining during main key stratum be broken, realize the earth's surface to greatest extent in the conservation meaning of space subtract it is heavy.

Description

The method that surface subsidence is controlled during mining
Technical field
The present invention relates to " under three " mining pressed coal fields, and in particular to a kind of coal mining controls the side of surface subsidence in the process Method.
Background technology
Currently, China's coal mining underbuildings mainly have Striping noise method, goaf filling method and traditional overlying strata separation layer note Starch filling method.Wherein, Striping noise method once played particularly important effect in coal is pressed in liberation China " under three ", but due to its extraction Rate is low, low production efficiency, tunnelling rate are high, has gradually tended at present superseded.It is needed using goaf filling method same in underground When arrange coal mining system and filling system, due to mining and filling interferes with each other seriously, to mine, efficiency is a greater impact. In addition, its filling cost is higher, coal mining enterprise is difficult to bear.And traditional overlying strata separation layer grouting filling method be absciss layer formed with Afterwards, there are certain deformations for earth's surface, can not effectively control subsidence.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods that surface subsidence is controlled during coal mining, occur to avoid main key stratum Fracture ensures to mine and stowing operation does not interfere with each other, improves production efficiency.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a kind of method that surface subsidence is controlled during coal mining, this method packets Include following steps:
Thief hole is opened up in earth's surface;
Each rock stratum is sampled by the thief hole, is believed with the layer position for obtaining main key stratum and each inferior key strata Breath;
According to the layer position information of the main key stratum and the inferior key strata, opened up along the direction of propulsion of working face in earth's surface Multiple injected holes for extending respectively to grouting horizon;Wherein, the grouting horizon is the main key stratum and soft layer below Contact surface where layer position;
Pass through high-pressure pump water filling into each injected hole;
Direction of propulsion along the working face is mined, while judging whether the hydraulic pressure in each injected hole subtracts It is small, if then the coal ash pulp being pre-mixed is injected in the corresponding injected hole by the high-pressure pump.
Wherein, flyash a concentration of 70%~75% in the coal ash pulp.
Wherein, additive is added in the coal ash pulp.
Wherein, the additive includes antifreezing agent, accelerator, retarder and/or thickener.
Wherein, the high pressure slurry pump is variable frequency pump.
Wherein, the grouting pressure of the high-pressure pump is not less than the pressure of the grouting horizon overlying rock.
Of low cost, simple operation of the invention, is sampled each rock stratum by using thief hole, so that it may obtain main pass The layer position information of key layer and each inferior key strata;Then, according to the layer position information of main key stratum and each inferior key strata, so that it may edge Advance of the face direction opens up multiple injected holes for extending respectively to main key stratum and soft layer contact surface below;Then, lead to Cross high-pressure pump water filling into each injected hole, so that it may mine when using injected hole in hydraulic pressure variation come judge absciss layer formed Opportunity, that is to say, that absciss layer is gradually forming when hydraulic pressure reduces in injected hole, to be pre-mixed by high-pressure pump After coal ash pulp injects the injected hole, so that it may which the collective effect conducted oneself with dignity using high-pressure powdered coal mortar and stratum will be covered under grouting horizon Rock stratum is densified to seat earth and forms compacting zone;At the same time, these high-pressure powdered coal mortar can also be to grouting horizon overlying rock I.e. main key stratum position applies upward holding power, limits the movement and deformation of grouting horizon overlying rock in advance, and forming one kind has " sand coated iron mold-isolated coal pillar-filling compacting zone " pillar (stupefied formula) platform structure of carrying is imitated, and then also avoids main pass Key layer is broken, and has been inherently eliminated remaining movement and deformation space, has realized space conservation, avoid surface subsidence.Separately Outside, it is not interfere with each other with stowing operation due to mining, does not interfere with the normal production of working face in the pit, therefore significantly improve production Efficiency;Also, in whole process only need to the slip casting between main key stratum and below soft layer, therefore flyash is greatly reduced The dosage of slurry, reduces cost, shortens final setting time, avoids the loss of moisture and running pulp, grout leaking in coal ash pulp and emits Starch the generation of phenomenon.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the preceding bank of slip casting in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of bank after slip casting in the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numeral:
1, main key stratum;2, inferior key strata;3, soft layer;4, grouting horizon;
5, goaf;6, injected hole;7, coal ash pulp;8, compacting zone.
Specific implementation mode
To keep the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of invention clearer, below in conjunction with the attached drawing in invention, in invention Technical solution be explicitly described, it is clear that described embodiment is invention a part of the embodiment, rather than whole realities Apply example.It is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiment in invention Every other embodiment belongs to the range of invention protection.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more.Term "upper", The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "lower" is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of describing this hair Bright and simplified description, does not indicate or imply the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, with specific orientation Construction and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the method that surface subsidence is controlled during a kind of coal mining provided in an embodiment of the present invention, should Method includes the following steps:
Thief hole is opened up in earth's surface;
Each rock stratum is sampled by thief hole, is believed with the layer position for obtaining main key stratum 1 and each inferior key strata 2 Breath;
According to the layer position information of main key stratum 1 and inferior key strata 2, multiple points are opened up along the direction of propulsion of working face in earth's surface The injected hole 6 of grouting horizon 4 is not extended to;Wherein, grouting horizon 4 for main key stratum 1 and soft layer 3 below contact surface institute In layer position;
Pass through high-pressure pump water filling into each injected hole 6;
Direction of propulsion along working face is mined, while judging whether the hydraulic pressure in each injected hole 6 reduces, if then The coal ash pulp 7 being pre-mixed is injected in corresponding injected hole 6 by high-pressure pump.Specifically, when staff is along work When the direction of propulsion in face is mined, the overlying rock of working face can gradually generate crack with the progress of coal mining, and then cause to face Water is revealed in the injected hole 6 of nearly working face, and hydraulic pressure is greatly reduced in injected hole 6, that is to say, that and absciss layer is being formed at this time, To which staff can be injected the coal ash pulp 7 being pre-mixed in the injected hole 6 by high-pressure pump.With main key stratum 1 It is that coal ash pulp 7 is on the increase at grouting horizon 4 between soft layer 3 below, these coal ash pulps 7 will be to grouting layer Position overlying rock and lower rock stratum form columnar stays, that is to say, that these 7 pop-up grouting horizon overlying rocks of coal ash pulp, Rock stratum under grouting horizon is pushed, not only the crack formed in overlying rock is formed and is squeezed, is limited on grouting horizon in advance The movement and deformation of rock stratum, but also can be laminated overlying strata under grouting horizon under the collective effect of its own gravity and Fluid pressure In fact to coal seam goaf 5, compacting zone 8 is formed.
As it can be seen that the present invention is sampled each rock stratum by using thief hole, so that it may determine main key stratum 1 and each Asia The layer position information of key stratum 2;Then, according to the layer position information of main key stratum 1 and each inferior key strata 2, so that it may be pushed away along working face Multiple injected holes 6 for extending respectively to main key stratum 1 and 3 contact surface of soft layer below are opened up into direction;Then, pass through high pressure Pump the water filling into each injected hole 6, so that it may mine when using injected hole 6 in hydraulic pressure variation come judge absciss layer formed when Machine, that is to say, that absciss layer is being formed when hydraulic pressure reduces in injected hole 6, the fine coal to be pre-mixed by high-pressure pump After mortar 7 injects the injected hole 6, so that it may using being filled in high-pressure powdered coal mortar 7 between main key stratum 1 and below soft layer 3 Rock stratum under grouting horizon is densified to seat earth with the collective effect of stratum dead weight and forms compacting zone 8;At the same time, these High-pressure powdered coal mortar 7 can also apply grouting horizon overlying rock, that is, main key stratum 1 upward holding power, limit note in advance The movement and deformation of pulp layer position overlying rock forms a kind of " sand coated iron mold-isolated coal pillar-filling compacting zone " column effectively carried Formula (stupefied formula) platform structure, and then also avoid main key stratum 1 and be broken, it is empty to be inherently eliminated remaining movement and deformation Between, space conservation is realized, surface subsidence is avoided.In addition, not interfere with each other with stowing operation due to mining, significantly improve Production efficiency;Also, in whole process only need to the slip casting between main key stratum 1 and below soft layer 3, therefore be greatly decreased The dosage of coal ash pulp 7, reduces cost, shortens final setting time, avoid the loss and race of moisture in coal ash pulp 7 The generation of slurry, grout leaking and grout phenomenon.
Preferably, flyash a concentration of 70%~75% in coal ash pulp 7.It further, in actual use, can be according to existing The developmental state of field weather and rock crack, adds additive, such as antifreezing agent, accelerator, retarder in coal ash pulp 7 And/or thickener.
Preferably, high pressure slurry pump is variable frequency pump, to adjust grouting pressure at any time according to the deformation of rock stratum, In, grouting pressure is not less than the pressure of grouting horizon overlying rock, that is to say, that grouting pressure is equal or slightly larger than grouting horizon The pressure of overlying rock.The advantages of this arrangement are as follows each after being adopted using the rapid prevention of higher grouting pressure and cut-out A rock stratum unstability ensures that grouting horizon overlying rock keeps stablizing.
Finally it should be noted that:Above example is only to illustrate the technical solution of invention, rather than its limitations;Although ginseng Invention is described in detail according to previous embodiment, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that:It still can be right Technical solution recorded in foregoing embodiments is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features;And this A little modification or replacements, the spirit and scope for each embodiment technical solution of invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of method for controlling surface subsidence during coal mining, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Thief hole is opened up in earth's surface;
Each rock stratum is sampled by the thief hole, to obtain the layer position information of main key stratum and each inferior key strata;
According to the layer position information of the main key stratum and the inferior key strata, opened up along the direction of propulsion of working face in earth's surface multiple Extend respectively to the injected hole of grouting horizon;Wherein, the grouting horizon is connecing for the main key stratum and soft layer below Layer position where contacting surface;
Pass through high-pressure pump water filling into each injected hole;
Direction of propulsion along the working face is mined, while judging whether the hydraulic pressure in each injected hole reduces, if It is to be injected the coal ash pulp being pre-mixed in the corresponding injected hole by the high-pressure pump.
2. the method for controlling surface subsidence during coal mining according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coal ash pulp Middle flyash a concentration of 70%~75%.
3. the method for controlling surface subsidence during coal mining according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coal ash pulp In be added with additive.
4. the method for controlling surface subsidence during coal mining according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the additive packet Include antifreezing agent, accelerator, retarder and/or thickener.
5. the method for controlling surface subsidence during coal mining according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the high-pressure slurry Pump is variable frequency pump.
6. the method for controlling surface subsidence during coal mining according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that institute The grouting pressure for stating high-pressure pump is not less than the pressure of the grouting horizon overlying rock.
CN201810529544.5A 2018-05-29 2018-05-29 The method of surface subsidence is controlled during mining Active CN108756944B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109630113A (en) * 2018-11-22 2019-04-16 太原理工大学 Control Methods of Subsidence of Ground Surface of the mining overburden hydraulic slotted liner technique in conjunction with absciss layer slip casting
CN112360550A (en) * 2020-10-28 2021-02-12 安徽理工大学 Method for injecting and filling coal-based solid waste paste in low-position roof separation zone in gob-side entry retaining
CN113356830A (en) * 2021-05-14 2021-09-07 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) Shallow surface layer ecological water protection method based on mining space key layer lag effect

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102704933A (en) * 2012-05-25 2012-10-03 中国矿业大学 Isolated-section grouting filling coal-mining method for mining overburden rock
CN103216236A (en) * 2013-03-13 2013-07-24 中国矿业大学(北京) Method for reducing subsidence of stope overburden bed separation by grouting
CN104933266A (en) * 2015-07-09 2015-09-23 西安科技大学 Method for determining height of overlying stratum water guiding crack zone
CN105317459A (en) * 2015-11-19 2016-02-10 中国矿业大学(北京) Subarea filling method used for controlling large-area falling disaster of hard roof
CN206174997U (en) * 2016-10-25 2017-05-17 淮北工业建筑设计院有限责任公司 It moves towards subregion and keeps apart slip casting and fill structure to adopt overlying strata
CN107165676A (en) * 2017-06-26 2017-09-15 中国矿业大学 The Trinity monitoring method of CONTROL OF STRATA MOVEMENT
CN107989613A (en) * 2017-11-14 2018-05-04 太原理工大学 A kind of overlying strata separation layer subregion isolates grouting filling working seam complete extraction method

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102704933A (en) * 2012-05-25 2012-10-03 中国矿业大学 Isolated-section grouting filling coal-mining method for mining overburden rock
CN103216236A (en) * 2013-03-13 2013-07-24 中国矿业大学(北京) Method for reducing subsidence of stope overburden bed separation by grouting
CN104933266A (en) * 2015-07-09 2015-09-23 西安科技大学 Method for determining height of overlying stratum water guiding crack zone
CN105317459A (en) * 2015-11-19 2016-02-10 中国矿业大学(北京) Subarea filling method used for controlling large-area falling disaster of hard roof
CN206174997U (en) * 2016-10-25 2017-05-17 淮北工业建筑设计院有限责任公司 It moves towards subregion and keeps apart slip casting and fill structure to adopt overlying strata
CN107165676A (en) * 2017-06-26 2017-09-15 中国矿业大学 The Trinity monitoring method of CONTROL OF STRATA MOVEMENT
CN107989613A (en) * 2017-11-14 2018-05-04 太原理工大学 A kind of overlying strata separation layer subregion isolates grouting filling working seam complete extraction method

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109630113A (en) * 2018-11-22 2019-04-16 太原理工大学 Control Methods of Subsidence of Ground Surface of the mining overburden hydraulic slotted liner technique in conjunction with absciss layer slip casting
CN112360550A (en) * 2020-10-28 2021-02-12 安徽理工大学 Method for injecting and filling coal-based solid waste paste in low-position roof separation zone in gob-side entry retaining
CN113356830A (en) * 2021-05-14 2021-09-07 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) Shallow surface layer ecological water protection method based on mining space key layer lag effect

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