CN108739083A - Shrub ecology ball and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
Shrub ecology ball and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108739083A CN108739083A CN201810291727.8A CN201810291727A CN108739083A CN 108739083 A CN108739083 A CN 108739083A CN 201810291727 A CN201810291727 A CN 201810291727A CN 108739083 A CN108739083 A CN 108739083A
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- shrub
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of shrub ecology balls and its preparation method and application, it is related to ecological restoration technical field, the shrub ecology ball includes shell, the shell is spherical in shape, the shell is internally provided with cavity, it is filled with plant growth medium in the cavity, and the shell is prepared by plant fiber pulp, it is existing that slope greening is carried out using the methods of the injection of vegetation soil cement and alien earth sparging, the survival rate of plant is low, and it is unable to reach the technical issues of side slope continues afforestation effect, shrub ecology ball provided by the invention is by the way that plant growth medium to be packed into the shell that plant fiber pulp is prepared, to provide protection to plant growth medium, reduce the loss of plant growth medium, shell can also provide nutrition for plant growth simultaneously, to accelerate plant growth, achieve the effect that Fast Persistence is afforested.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological restoration technical fields, more particularly, to a kind of shrub ecology ball and preparation method thereof and answer
With.
Background technology
As urbanization paces in China's accelerate the fast development with infrastructure, especially highway and high-speed railway etc.
Traffic network construction quickly propels, and the original vegetation of surrounding area is seriously damaged, and produces a large amount of exposed rock sides
Slope not only influences Landscape Ecological if administering not in time, also destroys balance of nature or even some slopes of this area
There are serious geological disaster hidden danger in face.
Since exposed hill and side slope etc. lack the few fertilizer of soil, progress greening vegetation is extremely difficult, and people attempt to pass through vegetation
Soil cement sprays and the methods of alien earth sparging progress slope greening, but these methods are by technological means and weather conditions system
About, the survival rate of plant is low, and is unable to reach the effect that side slope is persistently afforested.
In view of this, special propose the present invention.
Invention content
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a kind of shrub ecology balls, existing using the injection of vegetation soil cement to alleviate
Slope greening is carried out with the methods of alien earth sparging, the survival rate of plant is low, and is unable to reach the technology that side slope continues afforestation effect
Problem.
Shrub ecology ball provided by the invention, the shell is spherical in shape, and the shell is internally provided with cavity, the sky
Intracavitary is filled with plant growth medium, and the shell is prepared by plant fiber pulp；
Preferably, a diameter of 5-20cm of the shell.
Further, the plant growth medium include plant raw-soil earth, humic material, vegetable seeds, microbial bacterial agent and
Water-retaining agent；
Preferably, the plant raw-soil earth is selected from clay, loess, black earth, thin sand and soil, weathering sandy soil, construction waste soil, river
Dredging soil, domestic waste at least one of soil building again；
Preferably, the humic material be selected from rice husk, the agricultural crop straw of crushing, crushing branch weeds, wood powder and fowl
Raise at least one of excreta；
Preferably, the vegetable seeds is selected from least one of tree seed, shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds；
Preferably, the microbial bacterial agent is selected from colloid bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, lichens
At least one of bacillus, actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria；
Preferably, the water-retaining agent is selected from acrylamide and acrylic acid salt crosslinking copolymerization object and/or starch grafted acrylate
Crosslinking copolymerization object.
Further, the vegetable seeds is the mixture of tree seed, shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds；
Preferably, in vegetable seeds, the mass ratio of tree seed, shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds is (1-2)：(2-3)：
(2-4), more preferably 1:2:3.
Further, the plant growth medium includes following component according to the mass fraction：50-80 parts of raw-soil earth is planted,
1-5 parts of 10-30 parts of humic material, 2-5 parts of vegetable seeds, 0.5-5 parts of microbial bacterial agent and water-retaining agent；
Preferably, the plant growth medium includes following component according to the mass fraction：55-75 parts of raw-soil earth is planted, it is rotten
Grow 1-5 parts of 15-25 parts of material, 2-5 parts of vegetable seeds, 1-3 parts of microbial bacterial agent and water-retaining agent.
Further, the plant growth medium further includes plant nutrient agent；
Preferably, the plant nutrient agent is 10-30 parts；
Preferably, the plant nutrient agent is selected from least one of organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and composite fertilizer.
Further, the preparation method of the plant growth medium includes the following steps：To plant raw-soil earth, humic material,
Vegetable seeds, microbial bacterial agent, water-retaining agent and optional plant nutrient agent are uniformly mixed, and obtain plant growth medium.
Further, the plant fiber pulp is starched for agronomic crop fibre, and the agronomic crop fibre slurry is by agricultural residues powder
It is prepared after broken；
Preferably, the agricultural crop straw in Wheat Straw, maize straw, soybean stalk and rice straw at least one
Kind.
Further, a diameter of 5-20cm of the shell, preferably 10-15cm.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of shrub ecology ball, include the following steps：
The internal shell with cavity first is made by moulding process in plant fiber pulp, then fills plant growth medium
It fills out in the cavity of enclosure interior, obtains shrub ecology ball.
Further, the preparation method of the shrub ecology ball, specifically comprises the following steps：
(a) plant fiber is crushed, plant fiber pulp is made；
(b) the internal shell with cavity is made by moulding process in plant fiber pulp；
(c) plant growth medium is packed into the cavity of enclosure interior, that is, shrub ecology ball is made；
Preferably, the internal shell with cavity is made by vacuum adsorption molding technique in the plant fiber pulp.
The third object of the present invention is to provide application of the shrub ecology ball in road slope or ecological restoration of mine.
Shrub ecology ball provided by the invention by plant growth medium by being packed into the shell that plant fiber pulp is prepared
In body, to provide protection to plant growth medium, the loss of plant growth medium, while shrub provided by the invention ecology are reduced
Ball can plant in the soil of exposed hill or road slope both sides, pass through and irrigate maintenance so that plant 1-3 months when
Between cover with ecology ball, and plant is during growth, and root system is implanted into exposed hill or the soil of road slope both sides, to
Achieve the effect that Fast Persistence is afforested.
In addition, the shell of shrub ecology ball provided by the invention is prepared using plant fiber pulp, shell can occur
Natural degradation is converted to nutriment, promotes the growth of plant, accelerates greening process.
The preparation method of shrub ecology ball provided by the invention, it is simple for process, it is easy to operate, it can be given birth on a large scale
Production improves production efficiency, reduces production cost.
Description of the drawings
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described, it should be apparent that, in being described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, other drawings may also be obtained based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view for the shrub ecology ball that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides.
Icon：100- shrub ecology balls；101- shells；102- plant growth mediums.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill
The every other embodiment that personnel are obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of shrub ecology balls, including shell, and shell is by plant fibre
Dimension slurry is prepared, and shell is internally provided with cavity, and plant growth medium is filled in cavity.
The present invention provides a kind of shrub ecology balls of nucleocapsid, wherein shell is prepared by plant fiber pulp, shell
The cavity in internal portion is filled with plant growth medium.Shell is prepared by using plant fiber pulp, on the one hand can pass through shell
Protection is provided for plant growth medium, plant growth medium is avoided to be lost in, is on the other hand also used as nutriment, promotes plant species
The normal growth of son.
Shrub ecology ball provided by the invention by plant growth medium by being packed into the shell that plant fiber pulp is prepared
In body, to provide protection to plant growth medium, the loss of plant growth medium is reduced, while the present invention provides shrub ecology ball
It can plant in the soil of exposed hill or road slope both sides, be conserved by irrigating so that time of the plant at 1-3 months
Ecology ball is covered with, and plant is during growth, root system is implanted into exposed hill or the soil of road slope both sides, to reach
The effect afforested to Fast Persistence.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a diameter of 5-20cm of shell.
In the typical but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of shell as 5,5.5,6,6.5,7,7.5,
8,8.5,9,9.5,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19 or 20cm.
By setting the diameter of shell to 5-20cm, so that shrub ecology ball provided by the invention can be fixed on mine
It in the soil of the rock slope on mountain or both sides of the road, can be flushed with upper soll layer, play better fixing soil, promoted
The effect of plant growth.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, plant growth medium includes planting raw-soil earth, humic material, plant species
Son, microbial bacterial agent and water-retaining agent.
In present invention further optimization embodiment, plants raw-soil earth and be selected from clay, loess, black earth, thin sand and soil, weathering
Sandy soil, construction waste soil, channel cleanout soil, domestic waste at least one of soil building again.
When preparing shrub ecology ball, in plant growth medium, plant raw-soil earth according to soil in repair selected,
Select with institute in repair the similar soil of soil as planting raw-soil earth, so that vegetable seeds is being grown in repair, root
System can be deep into soil in repair, to improve plant survival rate and lasting green percentage.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, humic material be selected from rice husk, crushing agricultural crop straw, crush
At least one of branch weeds, wood powder and poultry excreta.
By the way that humic material is added in plant growth medium, to provide nutriment for the growth of plant, to promote
The fast-growth of plant.
In the further preferred embodiment of invention, humic material is selected from agricultural wastes, such as the agriculture after rice husk, crushing
Crop material etc..
Agricultural wastes refer to the organic species being dropped in entire agricultural production process, and China is that an agricultural is big
State, with the continuous improvement of level of agricultural production and life of farmers level, to being used as the agricultural wastes of fertilizer and fuel originally
Utilization it is fewer and fewer, therefore agricultural wastes are more and more.It is maximum that China has become agricultural wastes quantum of output in the world
Country, wherein agricultural crop straw annual output are up to 500,000,000 tons (dry mass).Most of waste is taken as rubbish to abandon or arrange among these
It is put into environment, causes the waste of available resources and the pollution to ecological environment.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, by agricultural wastes for the raw material as plant growth medium, both
Reduce the pollution of ecological environment, and realize the reasonable utilization of resource, really realization agricultural wastes change " useless " is right into " treasured "
Alleviate China's Pressure on Energy, preserve the ecological environment, the sustainable development of agricultural is promoted to be of great significance.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, vegetable seeds is selected from tree seed, shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds
At least one of.
Arbor refers to tall and big trees corresponding with short shrub, such as tamarind, wooden seedling, pine tree, yulan and white birch
Deng preferably suitable for the dungarunga grown in mine or road slope, such as gold leaf wood, color leaf wood, American aloe class, Cordyline terminalis class, bamboo any of several broadleaf plants
Class, PoiyscJasbaJfouzianz class, schefflera arboricola class, Euonymus japonicus, pomegranate etc..Shrub, which refers to those, does not have apparent trunk, in state ratio of growing thickly
Shorter and smaller trees, including green manure shrub, ornamental shrub, feeding shrubbery and wild bush etc..Green manure shrub such as false indigo, iron sweep
Broom and sea-buckthorn etc.；Ornamental shrub such as Chinese rose, lilac, Boston ivy etc.；Feeding shrubbery such as Cao Chinese ephedra, oily wormwood artemisia etc.；Wild bush is such as
Mountain peach, wild jujube and twigs of the chaste tree etc..Herbaceous plant is the pioneer of side slope or recovery of ecologic environment in a mine, can not only prevent plant growth substrate
Matter corrosion, additionally it is possible to provide good environmental protection for shrub and Tree growth, herbaceous plant includes rye, red clover, white three
Leaf, alfalfa, awnless brome, facet syndrom etc..
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, microbial bacterial agent be selected from colloid bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis,
At least one of bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria.
By the way that microbial bacterial agent is added in plant growth medium to promote the nutritional ingredient of other components to convert rapidly, carry
High nutrient utilization rate, while avoiding plant growth medium hardened.
In the typical but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, microbial bacterial agent is colloid bacillus cereus, withered grass bud
Any one in spore bacillus, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, or appoint
The mixture of two or three or more bacterium of meaning.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, water-retaining agent be selected from acrylamide and acrylic acid salt crosslinking copolymerization object and/
Or starch grafted acrylate crosslinking copolymerization object.
Acrylamide and acrylic acid salt crosslinking copolymerization object includes polyacrylamide, Sodium Polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid potassium or poly- third
Olefin(e) acid amine etc.；Starch grafted acrylate crosslinking copolymerization object includes starch graft acrylic acid sodium or starch graft acrylic acid potassium etc..
The water sucting principle of water-retaining agent is that identical charges repel each other for amide groups and/or carboxyl in water using polyelectrolyte strand
So that strand expansionary force and made of being interacted due to the expansionary force of the restriction molecule chain of crosslinking points, due to molecule knot
Structure is crosslinked, and molecular network, which absorbs water point, to play water retention with general physical method extrusion.
By the way that water-retaining agent is added in plant growth medium, avoid moisture in shell because the sun roasting toast due to is lost in, thus
Promote plant growth, accelerates greening efficiency.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, vegetable seeds is tree seed, shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds
Mixture.
In the present invention, vegetable seeds is the important component in plant growth medium, mine or road slope ecology
The effect of recovery and the selection of vegetable seeds and proportioning have close relationship.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, by the mixture for selecting tree seed, shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds
As vegetable seeds, to using herbaceous plant as the pioneer of restoration of the ecosystem, can quickly make in a short time naked
The earth's surface of dew is multiple green, but herbal solar thermal utilization rate is told somebody what one's real intentions are, and vegetation easily degenerates, and lasting afforestation effect is slightly worse, therefore, needs
It arranges in pairs or groups tree and shrubs, to overcome drawback caused by simple vegetation bank protection, shrub to have growth cycle long, well developed root system
Advantage enhances the stability of side slope by plant shallow-layer reinforced action, and by the way that arbor is added, to reduce shrub and herbaceous plant
Between competition, avoid inhibiting the growth of shrub because herbaceous plant is excessively luxuriant.
In present invention further optimization embodiment, in vegetable seeds, tree seed, shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds
Mass ratio be (1-2)：(2-3)：(2-4).
In the typical but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, in vegetable seeds, tree seed, shrub seeds and grass
The quality of this seed is such as 1:2:2,1:2:3,1:2:4,1:3:2,1:3:3,1:3:4,1:1:1,2:3:2,2:2:3,1:1:
2,2:3:4,2:3:2 or 2:3:3.
By the way that in planting plants seed, the mass ratio of tree seed, shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds is for (1-2)：(2-
3)：(2-4), so that in shrub ecology ball, arbor, shrub and herbaceous plant collocation growth, formation niche overlap is small, inter-species
Low dominant species ecological niche in repair is competed, to improve lasting afforestation effect in repair.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, plant growth medium includes following component according to the mass fraction：
Plant 1-5 parts of 50-80 parts of raw-soil earth, 10-30 parts of humic material, 2-5 parts of vegetable seeds, 0.5-5 parts of microbial bacterial agent and water-retaining agent.
In the typical but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, in plant growth medium, the mass parts of raw-soil earth are planted
Number as 50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,
73,74,75,76,77,78,79 or 80 parts；The mass fraction of humic material as 10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,
19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29 or 30 parts；The mass fraction of vegetable seeds as 2,2.2,2.5,2.8,3,
3.2,3.5,3.8,4,4.2,4.5,4.8 or 5 parts；The mass fraction of microbial bacterial agent as 0.5,0.8,1,1.2,1.5,1.8,
2,2.2,2.5,2.8,3,3.2,3.5,3.8,4,4.2,4.5,4.8 or 5 parts；The mass fraction of water-retaining agent as 1,1.2,1.5,
1.8,2,2.2,2.5,2.8,3,3.2,3.5,3.8,4,4.2,4.5,4.8 or 5 parts.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, plant growth medium further includes plant nutrient agent.
By the way that plant nutrient agent is added in plant growth medium, further to promote the growth of plant, it is green to accelerate vegetation
Change, improves and continue afforestation effect.
In present invention further optimization embodiment, plant nutrient agent is 10-30 parts.
In the typical but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, plant nutrient agent as 10,11,12,13,14,15,
16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29 or 30 parts.
In present invention further optimization embodiment, plant nutrient agent is in organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and composite fertilizer
At least one.
The organic fertilizer, the commercially available purchase of inorganic fertilizer and composite fertilizer.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of plant growth medium includes the following steps：It will plant
Raw-soil earth, humic material, vegetable seeds, microbial bacterial agent, water-retaining agent and optional plant nutrient agent are uniformly mixed, and obtain plant
Object growth substrate.
By the way that raw-soil earth, humic material, vegetable seeds, microbial bacterial agent, water-retaining agent and optional plant nutrient agent will be planted
It is uniformly mixed, to ensure the uniformity of vegetable seeds distribution, to accelerate the growth of plant.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, graininess can also be made by plant growth medium by being granulated
Plant growth medium.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, plant fiber pulp is starched for agronomic crop fibre, and agronomic crop fibre is by agriculture
Crop material is prepared after crushing.
With the continuous improvement of level of agricultural production and life of farmers level, to being used as the crops of fertilizer and fuel originally
The utilization of stalk is fewer and fewer, and most of agricultural crop straw is taken as rubbish to abandon or be discharged into environment among these, and causing can
Waste using resource and the pollution to ecological environment.
Agronomic crop fibre slurry is made after using crops stalk crushing in the present invention, then shell is made in agronomic crop fibre slurry,
Not only reduced the pollution of ecological environment, but also nutrition provided for the growth of plant, and realized the reasonable utilization of resource, to alleviation I
State's Pressure on Energy, preserves the ecological environment, and the sustainable development of agricultural is promoted to be of great significance.
In present invention further optimization embodiment, agricultural crop straw include but not limited to Wheat Straw, maize straw,
At least one of soybean stalk and rice straw.
According to the second aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of shrub ecology ball, including it is as follows
Step：
The internal shell with cavity first is made by moulding process in plant fiber pulp, then fills plant growth medium
It fills out in the cavity of enclosure interior, obtains shrub ecology ball.
The preparation method of shrub ecology ball provided by the invention, it is simple for process, it is easy to operate, it can be given birth on a large scale
Production improves production efficiency, reduces production cost.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of shrub ecology ball specifically comprises the following steps：
(a) plant fiber is crushed, plant fiber pulp is made；
(b) the internal shell with cavity is made by moulding process in plant fiber pulp；
(c) plant growth medium is packed into the cavity of enclosure interior, that is, shrub ecology ball is made.
In present invention further optimization embodiment, in step (a), can also include in plant fiber fiber pulp
Shell is made in order to subsequently carry out molding in adhesive and other auxiliary agents.
In present invention further optimization embodiment, the content of plant fiber is 20-80wt% in shell, to ensure
Sufficient nutrition is provided for plant growth.
The present invention typical but non-limiting embodiment in, in shell the content of plant fiber as 20wt%,
25wt%, 30wt%, 35wt%, 40wt%, 45wt%, 50wt%, 55wt%, 60wt%, 65wt%, 70wt%, 75wt%
Or 80wt%.
In further preferably embodiment of the invention, internal tool is made by vacuum adsorption molding technique in plant fiber pulp
There is the shell of cavity.
Make manufactured shell dimension control more accurate by using vacuum adsorption molding technique, more can effectively volatilize shell
Body acts on the carrying of plant growth medium.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides above-mentioned shrub ecology balls in road slope or Mine ecology
Application in reparation.
In soil of the shrub ecology ball provided by the invention by fixation and in repair so that shrub ecology ball and surrounding scape
Sight combines together, and can play the role of lasting greening by the growth of plant.
In the present invention, the application field of shrub ecology ball is not limited to road slope and mine can be also used for municipal works
Equal fields.
Technical solution provided by the invention is further described with reference to embodiment and comparative example.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view for the shrub ecology ball that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment carries
A kind of shrub ecology ball 100, including the shell 101 spherical in shape, a diameter of 10cm of shell 101, the thickness of shell 101 has been supplied to be
2cm, shell 101 are internally provided with cavity, plant growth medium 102 are filled in cavity, and middle casing 101 is by crops
Fiber pulp is made, and plant growth medium 102 includes following component according to the mass fraction：Plant 50 parts of raw-soil earth, humic material 30
Part, 2 parts of vegetable seeds, 5 parts of microbial bacterial agent, 1 part of water-retaining agent；Wherein, it is black earth to plant raw-soil earth, and humic material is after crushing
Maize straw；Vegetable seeds is the mixture of tree seed, shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds, and the mass ratio of three is 1:2:2；
Microbial bacterial agent is bacillus subtilis, and water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiments provide a kind of shrub ecology ball, the present embodiment difference from example 1 is that, plant growth
Matrix includes following component according to the mass fraction：Plant 80 parts of raw-soil earth, 10 parts of humic material, 5 parts of vegetable seeds, microbial bacteria
0.5 part of agent, 5 parts of water-retaining agent.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiments provide a kind of shrub ecology ball, the present embodiment difference from example 1 is that, plant growth
Matrix includes following component according to the mass fraction：Plant 55 parts of raw-soil earth, 25 parts of humic material, 2 parts of vegetable seeds, microbial bacteria
3 parts of agent, 1 part of water-retaining agent.
Embodiment 4
Present embodiments provide a kind of shrub ecology ball, the present embodiment difference from example 1 is that, plant growth
Matrix includes following component according to the mass fraction：Plant 75 parts of raw-soil earth, 15 parts of humic material, 5 parts of vegetable seeds, microbial bacteria
1 part of agent, 5 parts of water-retaining agent.
Embodiment 5
Present embodiments provide a kind of shrub ecology ball, the present embodiment difference from example 1 is that, plant growth
Matrix includes following component according to the mass fraction：Plant 65 parts of raw-soil earth, 20 parts of humic material, 4 parts of vegetable seeds, microbial bacteria
2 parts of agent, 3 parts of water-retaining agent.
Embodiment 6
Present embodiments provide a kind of shrub ecology ball, the present embodiment with embodiment 5 the difference is that, vegetable seeds
In, the mass ratio of tree seed, shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds is 1:2:4.
Embodiment 7
Present embodiments provide a kind of shrub ecology ball, the present embodiment with embodiment 5 the difference is that, vegetable seeds
In, the mass ratio of tree seed, shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds is 1:2:3.
Embodiment 8
Present embodiments provide a kind of shrub ecology ball, the present embodiment with embodiment 5 the difference is that, plant growth
Matrix further includes 20 parts of plant nutrient agent, which is nitrogenous fertilizer.
Embodiment 9
Present embodiments provide a kind of shrub ecology ball, the present embodiment with embodiment 5 the difference is that, plant growth
In matrix, it is 20 parts to plant raw-soil earth, and humic material is 65 parts.
Embodiment 10
Present embodiments provide a kind of shrub ecology ball, the present embodiment with embodiment 5 the difference is that, plant growth
In matrix, microbial bacterial agent is not added.
Embodiment 11
Present embodiments provide a kind of shrub ecology ball, the present embodiment with embodiment 5 the difference is that, vegetable seeds
All herbaceous seeds.
Embodiment 12
Present embodiments provide a kind of shrub ecology ball, the present embodiment with embodiment 5 the difference is that, vegetable seeds
For the mixture of shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds, and the mass ratio of the two is 2:3.
Embodiment 13
Present embodiments provide a kind of shrub ecology ball, the present embodiment with embodiment 5 the difference is that, vegetable seeds
In, the mass ratio of tree seed, shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds is 3:2:1.
Embodiment 14
A kind of preparation method of shrub ecology ball is present embodiments provided, the shrub ecology ball that embodiment 1-13 is provided is pressed
It is prepared, specifically comprises the following steps according to this method：
(a) by corn straw smashing, zein fiber slurry is made；
(b) raw-soil earth, humic material, vegetable seeds, microbial bacterial agent, water-retaining agent and optional plant nutrient agent will be planted to mix
Close uniform, obtained plant growth medium；
(c) zein fiber is starched and the internal shell with cavity is made by vacuum adsorption molding technique；
(d) plant growth medium is fitted into the cavity of enclosure interior, that is, shrub ecology ball is made.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a kind of plant growth medium, the plant growth medium and the plant growth substrate in embodiment 5
Matter is identical, this comparative example and embodiment 5 the difference is that, shell is not set.
The preparation method for the plant growth medium that comparative example 1 provides with the step (b) in the preparation method of embodiment 5,
This is repeated no more.
Test example
140 meters of the road slope that soil is black earth to be chosen, is divided into side slope 1-14 in order, each side slope is 10 meters, wherein
Multiple shrub ecology balls that embodiment 1-13 is provided are separately fixed in the soil of the both sides side slope 1-13, and shrub ecology ball and side
Soil surface layer in slope flushes, and the plant growth medium that comparative example 1 provides is ejected by spraying machine on the soil of 14 both sides of side slope, is held
Continuous side slope 1-14 carries out pouring maintenance 3 months, to afforestation effect evaluate as follows：
Side slope 1-8 is lost in without shrub ecology ball, and when pouring conserves 1 month, herbal growth is luxuriant, covers with shrub
Ecology ball, shrub and arbor start to germinate, and when pouring conserves 2 months, herbaceous plant well covers shrub ecology ball, arbor and filling
Wood forms seedling, and the root system of herbaceous plant, tree and shrubs stretches into side slope soil, when pouring conserves 3 months, is formed with grass
The dense covering shrub ecology ball of this plant, the ecoscape of tree and shrubs interval collocation straggly, and woody plant, arbor and filling
The root system of wood gos deep into side slope soil, to achieve the effect that lasting greening, while the plant growth in side slope 8 in ecology ball
It is more luxuriant.
For side slope 9 when pouring conserves 1 month, herbaceous plant, which is scattered, grows shrub ecology ball, and shrub and arbor start to send out
Bud, when pouring conserves 2 months, herbaceous plant still can not completely cover shrub ecology ball, and tree and shrubs form seedling, pour
When conserving 3 months, arbor shrub and the equal continued growth of herbaceous plant, but survival rate is low, is unable to reach the life of uniform fold shrub
The effect of state ball.
The greening situation of side slope 10 is similar to side slope 5, but the rate of vegetation of shrub ecology ball is slightly poorer than side slope 5.
After 11 herbaceous plant of side slope is flourished, but irrigation conserves 3 months, the turnover rate of shrub ecology ball is 15%.
Draft thriftiness is grown in side slope 12 and side slope 13, but shrub growth is poor, and it is shallower that root system stretches into soil, is filled
After irrigating maintenance 3 months, the turnover rate of shrub ecology ball is respectively 5% and 8%.
In side slope 14, plant growth medium turnover rate is up to 45%, and slope plant coverage rate is low, and afforestation effect is poor.
Shrub ecology ball provided by the invention is can be seen that by that will plant by the afforestation effect of side slope 1-13 and side slope 14
Object growth substrate is packed into the shell that plant fiber pulp is prepared, and to provide protection to plant growth medium, reduces plant
The loss of growth substrate, at the same shell provided by the invention can irrigate conserve during natural degradation, be plant growth
Nutrient matrix is provided, to accelerate the growth of plant, improves green percentage.
By side slope 1-7 and the comparison of the afforestation effect of side slope 8 as can be seen that by the way that plant is added in plant growth medium
Nutritional agents can further promote plant growth so that plant growth is more luxuriant, and afforestation effect is more preferably.
It can be seen that by the comparison of side slope 1-7 and side slope 9 and plant raw-soil earth and humic in plant growth medium by limiting
The ratio of material, so that the growth requirement of plant growth medium plant preferably, so that the survival rate of plant significantly carries
Height, afforestation effect is more preferably.
It can be seen that by the comparison of side slope 1-7 and side slope 10 by the way that microbial bacterial agent is added in plant growth medium,
Plant growth medium can be avoided hardened phenomenon occur, to further promote plant growth so that plant growth is more luxuriant,
Afforestation effect is more preferably.
It is fast that herbal growth is can be seen that by the comparison of side slope 1-7 and side slope 11, can quickly cover with ecology ball,
But its root system is less flourishing, causes shrub ecology ball portion to be lost in, influences afforestation effect.
It can be seen that by the comparison of side slope 1-7 and side slope 12-13 by the way that vegetable seeds is limited to tree seed, is filled
The mixture of the wooden seed and herbaceous seeds, and the mass ratio of tree seed, shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds is (1-2)：(2-3)：
(2-4) so that arbor, shrub and herbaceous plant growth straggly, shrub growth will not be inhibited by herbal growth, to be formed
With the dense covering ecology ball of herbaceous plant, the ecoscape of tree and shrubs interval collocation straggly, and woody plant, arbor and filling
The root system of wood gos deep into side slope soil, effectively to avoid shrub ecology ball from being lost in, achievees the effect that lasting greening.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Its according to
So can with technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified, either to which part or all technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these modifications or replacements, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of shrub ecology ball, which is characterized in that including shell, the shell is spherical in shape, and the shell is internally provided with
Cavity is filled with plant growth medium in the cavity, and the shell is prepared by plant fiber pulp；
Preferably, a diameter of 5-20cm of the shell.
2. shrub ecology ball according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the plant growth medium include plant raw-soil earth,
Humic material, vegetable seeds, microbial bacterial agent and water-retaining agent；
Preferably, the plant raw-soil earth is selected from clay, loess, black earth, thin sand and soil, weathering sandy soil, construction waste soil, channel cleanout
Soil, domestic waste at least one of soil building again；
Preferably, the humic material is selected from rice husk, the agricultural crop straw of crushing, the branch weeds of crushing, wood powder and poultry row
Let out at least one of object；
Preferably, the vegetable seeds is selected from least one of tree seed, shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds；
Preferably, the microbial bacterial agent is selected from colloid bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, lichens gemma
At least one of bacillus, actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria；
Preferably, the water-retaining agent is selected from acrylamide and acrylic acid salt crosslinking copolymerization object and/or starch grafted acrylate is copolymerized
Cross-linking agent.
3. shrub ecology ball according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the vegetable seeds is tree seed, Shrub Species
The mixture of son and herbaceous seeds；
Preferably, in vegetable seeds, the mass ratio of tree seed, shrub seeds and herbaceous seeds is (1-2)：(2-3)：(2-4),
More preferably 1:2:3.
4. shrub ecology ball according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the plant growth medium includes pressing mass fraction
The following component of meter：Plant 50-80 parts of raw-soil earth, 10-30 parts of humic material, 2-5 parts of vegetable seeds, 0.5-5 parts of microbial bacterial agent
With 1-5 parts of water-retaining agent；
Preferably, the plant growth medium includes following component according to the mass fraction：Plant 55-75 parts of raw-soil earth, humic material
1-5 parts of 15-25 parts of material, 2-5 parts of vegetable seeds, 1-3 parts of microbial bacterial agent and water-retaining agent.
5. shrub ecology ball according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the plant growth medium further includes plant nutrient
Agent；
Preferably, the plant nutrient agent is 10-30 parts；
Preferably, the plant nutrient agent is selected from least one of organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and composite fertilizer.
6. shrub ecology ball according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the plant growth medium includes
Following steps：Raw-soil earth, humic material, vegetable seeds, microbial bacterial agent, water-retaining agent and optional plant nutrient agent will be planted to mix
Uniformly, plant growth medium is obtained.
7. according to claim 1-6 any one of them shrub ecology balls, which is characterized in that the plant fiber pulp is crops
Fiber pulp, the agronomic crop fibre slurry after crops stalk crushing by being prepared；
Preferably, the agricultural crop straw is selected from least one of Wheat Straw, maize straw, soybean stalk and rice straw.
8. according to the preparation method of claim 1-7 any one of them shrub ecology balls, which is characterized in that including walking as follows
Suddenly：The internal shell with cavity first is made by moulding process in plant fiber pulp, is then loaded into plant growth medium
In the cavity of enclosure interior, shrub ecology ball is obtained.
9. the preparation method of shrub ecology ball according to claim 8, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(a) plant fiber is crushed, plant fiber pulp is made；
(b) the internal shell with cavity is made by moulding process in plant fiber pulp；
(c) plant growth medium is packed into the cavity of enclosure interior, that is, shrub ecology ball is made；
Preferably, the internal shell with cavity is made by vacuum adsorption molding technique in the plant fiber pulp.
10. according to application of the claim 1-7 any one of them shrub ecology balls in road slope or ecological restoration of mine.
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| CN109804867A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-05-28 | 安徽大学 | A kind of production of ecology bundle and its construction method for side slope water and soil conservation |
| CN111149468A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-15 | 南京大源生态建设集团有限公司 | Seed swaddle and breeding method thereof |
| CN114365668A (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2022-04-19 | 昌邑市欣欣苗木种植专业合作社 | Planting method for green nursery stock |
| CN114557168A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-31 | 中国建筑股份有限公司 | Composite seed capsule for rapidly forming plant community and preparation method thereof |
| CN114622534A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-06-14 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Water retention material for preventing water and soil loss and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114622534B (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2023-09-15 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Water-retaining material for preventing water and soil loss and preparation method thereof |
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