CN108736163B - Ku frequency band balanced feed double-frequency dual-polarized dielectric horn antenna - Google Patents
Ku frequency band balanced feed double-frequency dual-polarized dielectric horn antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN108736163B CN108736163B CN201810377520.2A CN201810377520A CN108736163B CN 108736163 B CN108736163 B CN 108736163B CN 201810377520 A CN201810377520 A CN 201810377520A CN 108736163 B CN108736163 B CN 108736163B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
- H01Q13/0208—Corrugated horns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
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- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Ku frequency band balanced feed double-frequency dual-polarized dielectric horn antenna, which comprises a dielectric horn antenna with step gradual change, an upper layer balanced feed network and a lower layer balanced feed network; the step-gradual-change dielectric horn antenna is formed by overlapping a plurality of layers of step-shaped dielectrics, and a section structure of a horn is enclosed in each layer of the dielectrics by the non-connected metalized long grooves; the upper layer of balanced feed network realizes horizontal polarized waves, and the lower layer of balanced feed network realizes vertical polarized waves. The invention eliminates the grating lobe problem caused by the traditional waveguide horn antenna array; the size of the antenna is greatly reduced, the structure is very simple, and the processing, debugging and installation are convenient; the antenna has the characteristics of wide frequency band, high isolation, low cross polarization and high efficiency; the antenna has the characteristics of simple feed network, low loss and convenience in integration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a Ku frequency band balanced feed dual-frequency dual-polarized dielectric horn antenna.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid increase of satellite communication services and the rapid development of satellite communication technologies, the conventional microwave low frequency band has become very crowded, so that Ku band and even Ka band are beginning to be used in satellite communication to meet the increasing communication demand. Nowadays, the most widely used Ku-band antenna is mainly a parabolic antenna, and the parabolic antenna has the characteristics of heavy weight, large volume, high cost, difficulty in installation and debugging and the like. In some applications, the parabolic antenna is too bulky to meet certain technical requirements due to space limitations, and therefore miniaturization of the antenna is important. In some special application occasions, such as a single-soldier satellite communication antenna used in a battlefield, the antenna is required to have the characteristics of light weight, good concealment, strong maneuverability and the like, and the traditional parabolic antenna has large size, poor weight layer, poor maneuverability and concealment and is no longer suitable for the requirement of modern satellite communication.
The existing satellite communication system has higher requirements on the antenna, and not only has the characteristics of small size, light weight, good concealment, strong maneuverability and the like, but also has the characteristics of multi-band, dual polarization, wide band, low side lobe and the like in order to meet the requirement of high-capacity communication. The traditional waveguide horn antenna has the advantages of simple structure, wide frequency band, large power capacity, convenient adjustment and use and the like, and is widely used in the field of satellite communication. However, the conventional satellite antenna usually only works in a single frequency band, and cannot realize the common use of transmitting and receiving. In order to realize the purpose of sharing a pair of antennas for transmitting and receiving so as to process two signals with different frequencies which are synchronously received and transmitted, the antennas are required to realize double-frequency work, and the horn antenna can easily realize the double-frequency work and can well solve the problem. Meanwhile, in order to adapt to continuous upgrading of a satellite communication system and meet the requirement of large-capacity communication, reduce the number of antennas and cost, and realize the characteristics of polarization division, frequency division multiplexing and the like, the antennas are required to realize dual-polarization work. The horn antenna can realize dual polarization work and can effectively solve the problem.
The broadband dual-frequency dual-polarized horn antenna integrates the advantages of a broadband antenna, a dual-frequency antenna and a dual-polarized antenna, not only improves the performance of the antenna, but also reduces the cost of the antenna. However, when the array is realized by the conventional waveguide horn antenna unit in a group array, due to the fact that the diameter of a horn is large, the distance between the unit and the unit exceeds one working wavelength, so that a large grating lobe is generated, the performance of the antenna is greatly reduced due to the large grating lobe, and the use of the antenna in the satellite communication field is also limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a Ku frequency band balanced feed dual-frequency dual-polarized dielectric horn antenna capable of eliminating grating lobes.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the Ku frequency band balanced feed double-frequency dual-polarized dielectric horn antenna comprises a dielectric horn antenna with step gradual change, an upper layer balanced feed network and a lower layer balanced feed network; the step-gradual-change dielectric horn antenna is formed by overlapping a plurality of layers of step-shaped dielectrics, and a section structure of a horn is enclosed in each layer of the dielectrics by the non-connected metalized long grooves; the upper layer of balanced feed network realizes horizontal polarized waves, and the lower layer of balanced feed network realizes vertical polarized waves.
Furthermore, a crisscross metal strip or a metal wall is arranged at the center of the top end of the stepped and gradually-changed dielectric horn antenna. Therefore, the phase distribution of the aperture plane of the horn antenna is more uniform, and the gain and the efficiency of the antenna are improved.
Furthermore, the stepped and gradually-changed dielectric horn antenna is formed by bonding a plurality of layers of dielectric substrates, and the middle of each layer of dielectric substrate is formed into a section structure of a horn by a PCB process through the surrounding of unconnected metalized long grooves.
Further, the upper-layer balanced feed network and the lower-layer balanced feed network are both realized by adopting substrate integrated coaxial lines. The purpose is that the substrate integrated coaxial line can transmit TEM waves and has broadband characteristics, and meanwhile, the substrate integrated coaxial line is almost a completely closed transmission line, so that crosstalk is low, and isolation between ports is improved.
Has the advantages that: the invention discloses a Ku frequency band balanced feed double-frequency dual-polarized dielectric horn antenna, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
1) according to the invention, the horn antenna is filled with the medium, and the dielectric constant of the medium is greater than that of air, so that compared with the horn antenna with a waveguide structure, the horn antenna has a smaller caliber size on the premise of the same antenna gain, and the array of the antenna is easy to realize, thereby eliminating the grating lobe problem caused by the traditional waveguide horn antenna array;
2) the size of the antenna is greatly reduced, the structure is very simple, and the processing, debugging and installation are convenient;
3) the antenna has the characteristics of wide frequency band, high isolation, low cross polarization and high efficiency;
4) the antenna has the characteristics of simple feed network, low loss and convenience in integration.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view and a top view of a stepped dielectric horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2(a) is a front view;
FIG. 2(b) is a top view;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal polarization balanced feed network of a stepped-gradient dielectric horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical polarization balanced feed network of a stepped-gradient dielectric horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing reflection coefficients at an input port of a stepped dielectric horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the horizontal and vertical polarization radiation patterns of a stepped dielectric horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6(a) is a horizontally polarized radiation pattern;
FIG. 6(b) is a vertically polarized radiation pattern;
FIG. 7 is a radiation pattern of a 10 × 10 stepped dielectric horn array in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7(a) is an E-plane directional diagram;
fig. 7(b) shows an H-plane pattern.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
The specific embodiment discloses a Ku frequency band balanced feed dual-frequency dual-polarized dielectric horn antenna, which comprises a crisscross metal strip 4 or a metal wall arranged from top to bottom, a dielectric horn antenna 1 with step gradual change, an upper layer balanced feed network 2 and a lower layer balanced feed network 3, as shown in fig. 1. The crisscross metal strip 4 is arranged at the center of the top end of the stepped and gradual-change dielectric horn antenna 1. The step-gradual-change dielectric horn antenna 1 is formed by overlapping a plurality of layers of step-shaped dielectrics, and a section structure of a horn is enclosed in each layer of the dielectrics through the unconnected metalized long grooves 5. The length of the metallization elongated slot 5 is L, the width is W, and the two ends of the metallization elongated slot 5 are circular arcs with the radius R, and all the metallization elongated slots 5 in the present embodiment have the same width. The upper balanced feed network 2 implements horizontally polarized waves, as shown in fig. 3. The lower balanced feed network 3 implements vertically polarized waves, as shown in fig. 4.
The stepped-gradient dielectric horn antenna 1 is formed by bonding a plurality of layers of dielectric substrates 6, and a section structure of a horn is enclosed by metallized long grooves 5 which are not connected with each other and formed in the middle of each layer of dielectric substrate through a PCB process, as shown in FIG. 2 (b). The multilayer dielectric substrate 6 includes seven dielectric substrates, as shown in fig. 2(a), a first dielectric substrate 101, a second dielectric substrate 102, a third dielectric substrate 103, a fourth dielectric substrate 104, a fifth dielectric substrate 105, a sixth dielectric substrate 106, and a seventh dielectric substrate 107. The thickness of the dielectric substrate of each layer is d1-d 7.
The upper-layer balanced feed network 2 and the lower-layer balanced feed network 3 are both realized by adopting a substrate integrated coaxial line 8. Metallized through holes 9 for isolation are arranged on two sides of the substrate integrated coaxial line 8; meanwhile, in order to facilitate later testing, a substrate integrated coaxial cable-to-coaxial cable connector 7 is required. The feed network adopts a balanced feed structure based on the substrate integrated coaxial line technology, so that the isolation between antenna ports can be improved, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be improved.
FIG. 5 shows simulated S parameters of the dual-band dual-polarized dielectric horn antenna operating in the 12.25-12.75GHz band and the 14.0-14.5GHz band. In the specific embodiment, the dielectric substrate used by the stepped gradient dielectric horn antenna 1 is F4BMX220, and the dielectric constant is 2.2; the dielectric substrate used by the two balanced feed networks is F4BMX300, the dielectric constant is 3.0, the thickness is 0.508mm, and other key parameters are shown in Table 1. As can be seen from simulation results, the antenna has good return loss (< -10dB) in the frequency bands of 12.25-12.75GHz and 14.0-14.5 GHz. Meanwhile, the isolation in the two frequency bands is better than-35 dB.
Fig. 6 is a radiation pattern of the antenna at frequencies of 12.5GHz and 14.25 GHz. As can be seen from the simulation results, when the antenna operates at 12.5GHz, the antenna gain is 9.1dB, and the cross-polarization component is almost 30dB smaller than the co-polarization component, as shown in fig. 6 (a); when the antenna operates at 14.25GHz, the antenna gain is 10.2dB, and the cross-polarization component is almost 30dB smaller compared to the co-polarization component, as shown in fig. 6 (b).
Fig. 7 is a radiation pattern of a 10 x 10 array of dielectric horns. Fig. 7(a) and 7(b) are E-plane and H-plane directional diagrams of the array at 12.5GHz and 14.25GHz, respectively, and it can be seen from the diagrams that the radiation directional diagrams of the antenna at both frequency bands do not have larger grating lobes, so that the dielectric horn antenna successfully solves the problem of larger grating lobes in the conventional waveguide horn antenna array.
Table 1 other parameters of the balanced feed network
| Parameter(s) | Value (mm) | Parameter(s) | Value (mm) |
| L | 17.8 | d3 | 3 |
| S | 0.16 | d4 | 3 |
| |
1 | d5 | 3 |
| R | 0.5 | |
3 |
| d1 | 4.5 | d7 | 1.5 |
| w1 | 0.69 | g11 | 2.41 |
| f11 | 2.50 | g22 | 0.48 |
| f22 | 1.14 | g33 | 1.6 |
| f33 | 1.37 |
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a balanced feed dual-frenquency double polarization medium horn antenna of Ku frequency channel which characterized in that: the feed line comprises a dielectric horn antenna (1) with step gradual change, an upper-layer balanced feed network (2) and a lower-layer balanced feed network (3); the step-gradual-change dielectric horn antenna (1) is formed by overlapping a plurality of layers of step-shaped dielectrics, and a section structure of a horn is enclosed by each layer of dielectrics through the unconnected metalized long grooves (5); the upper layer balanced feed network (2) realizes horizontal polarized waves, and the lower layer balanced feed network (3) realizes vertical polarized waves;
the upper-layer balanced feed network (2) and the lower-layer balanced feed network (3) are both realized by adopting a substrate integrated coaxial line (8), and metalized through holes (9) for isolation are arranged at two sides of the substrate integrated coaxial line (8);
the horn antenna is filled with a medium having a dielectric constant greater than air.
2. The Ku frequency band balanced feed dual-frequency dual-polarized dielectric horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the center of the top end of the stepped and gradually-changed dielectric horn antenna (1) is provided with a crisscross metal strip (4) or a metal wall.
3. The Ku frequency band balanced feed dual-frequency dual-polarized dielectric horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step-gradual-change dielectric horn antenna (1) is formed by bonding a plurality of layers of dielectric substrates (6), and a section structure of a horn is formed by forming unconnected metalized long grooves (5) in the middle of each layer of dielectric substrate through a PCB process.
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| CN108736163B true CN108736163B (en) | 2020-09-11 |
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