CN108716688A - A kind of coal-burning boiler and method of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission - Google Patents
A kind of coal-burning boiler and method of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission Download PDFInfo
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- CN108716688A CN108716688A CN201810674147.7A CN201810674147A CN108716688A CN 108716688 A CN108716688 A CN 108716688A CN 201810674147 A CN201810674147 A CN 201810674147A CN 108716688 A CN108716688 A CN 108716688A
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- coal
- flue gas
- burning boiler
- nitrogen oxide
- reducing agent
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/003—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/24—Devices for removal of material from the bed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/006—Layout of treatment plant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
- F23J2219/10—Catalytic reduction devices
Abstract
The present invention relates to energy technology fields, specifically disclose a kind of coal-burning boiler and method of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission, wherein the burning boiler includes：Burner, high temperature superheater, low temperature superheater, high-temperature economizer, catalytic denitration device, low-level (stack-gas) economizer, preheater.Compared with existing boiler technology, present applicant proposes a kind of new environmental-friendly coal-burning boiler, can disposable meet the requirement of environmental protection, eliminate the environmental transformation engineering after project construction.Coal-burning boiler proposed by the present invention can reduce system complexity, reduce the link of buying and implementation management in process of construction, reduce the complexity of system after project is gone into operation, it is more convenient for managing concentratedly, Denitration in Boiler, steam supply can all be directly controlled in set of system, avoid boiler producer and environmental transformation producer design concept it is inconsistent caused by construct the problems such as inconvenient, be more advantageous to reduction discharge index, provide that customization is " total " to be serviced for owner.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to energy technology field, the espespecially a kind of coal-burning boiler and method of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission.
Background technology
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) is one of Air Pollutants of discharged from coal-fired boiler, in addition to forming acid rain, destroys ecology
Environment, moreover it is possible to form photochemical fog, directly endanger human health.From 1 day July in 2004 country to nitrogen oxides by each dirt
0.6 yuan of dye equivalent (the blowdown equivalent of nitrogen oxides is 0.95 kilogram) is directly to the unit charge to discharge pollutants.Control is coal-fired
Emission of NOx of boiler is extremely urgent.The measure of control NOx emission is roughly divided into two classes at present, and one kind is low NOx combustion skill
Art includes mainly low excess air operation technology, flue gas recirculating technique, dense-dilute burner combustion technology and reburning technology etc..Again
The cost of combustion technology is highest in low NOx combusting technology, and reduction NOx amplitudes are also maximum, can reach 50%, and other
Low NOx combusting technology generally only 10%~30%, in the anthracite or soft coal of low volatile, low NOx combustion
The effect that technology reduces NOx is limited.The measure of another kind of control NOx emission is flue-gas denitrification technology, flue-gas denitrification technology denitrogenation
Efficiency is higher, is not limited by burning coal.At present by large-scale industrial application be selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology and
Selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) technology.SCR technology denitration efficiency is higher, but needs catalyst, and system investments are huge, and transports
Row is of high cost；SNCR technical equipment is simple, does not need catalyst, and operating cost is far below SCR technology.
There are temperature windows for SNCR reactions, only just can guarantee higher denitration efficiency within the scope of 900 DEG C~1100 DEG C,
Temperature is higher than 1100 DEG C, NH3NOx is generated by oxidation, the NH when temperature is less than 900 DEG C3It is very low with the reaction rate of NOx.SNCR skills
In art practical application, due to being flowed with inner flue gas of the stove, the heat of flue gas is absorbed by boiler heating surface, and flue-gas temperature drops rapidly
Low, flue-gas temperature gradient is big, disclosure satisfy that the denitration of 900 DEG C~1100 DEG C of this temperature ranges of the best denitration efficiencies of SNCR is anti-
It is limited to answer space, and amino reductive needs longer time (when relative to denitration reaction with flue gas mixed process in addition
Between), limit the efficiency of SNCR denitration reaction.Under conditions of good mixing and proper temperature, SNCR mechanism experiment denitrations effect
Rate can reach 80% -90%, but denitrification rate is relatively low in the application of SNCR engineerings, generally only 30%-50%.Three wells bar
Cloth Cork energy company proposes in boiler horizontal gas pass injection natural gas (CH4), utilize CH4SNCR reactions are made to exist as additive
It can still provide under lower temperature, improve whole denitration efficiency, and the technology is named as selective autocatalysis and is restored
(SACR) technology.Natural gas is rare high-grade energy in China, and most power plant in China do not have natural gas resource, limit
The application of the technology is made.
Existing coal-burning boiler product divides the patterns such as coal-powder boiler, circulating fluidized bed boiler, and flue gas goes out after coordinating low NO
Mouth nitrogen oxides most low energy reaches 250~300mg/Nm3(circulating fluidized bed boiler, coal-powder boiler is about in 400mg/Nm for left and right3With
On), it is unable to reach minimum discharge index；In addition, it is necessary to owner according to specific operating mode be additionally carried out SNCR SCR method denitrations be transformed,
Investment is big, takes up an area big, system complex, and usually requires newly-increased operating system, increases system complexity, is easy with boiler soot-blowing
Occur conflict cause instantaneous oxygen content it is exceeded caused by conversion after discharge beyond standards.
Invention content
In order to implement《People's Republic of China's Environmental Law》, improve atmosphere quality, preserve the ecological environment, by new
Exhanst gas outlet amount of nitrogen oxides is dropped to minimum discharge standard by coal-burning boiler internals layout pattern.In this regard, the present invention by
Reducing agent and flue gas are sufficiently mixed by temperature window appropriate, and it is non-polluting to generate nitrogen etc. with the reaction of nitrogen oxides in flue gas
Source.
Specifically, the present invention proposes a kind of coal-burning boiler of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission, including：Burner, high temperature
Superheater, low temperature superheater, high-temperature economizer, catalytic denitration device, low-level (stack-gas) economizer, preheater；Wherein, it is arranged on burner
There are coal feed point, an air inlet, secondary air inlet, reducing agent import, for adding coal, coal burns coal feed point in the burner；
In burner secondary air, reducing agent is added by reducing agent import, reducing agent is drained using secondary air amount；?
In combustion process, the flue gas of generation passes sequentially through high temperature superheater, low temperature superheater, high-temperature economizer, catalytic denitration device, low
Warm economizer, preheater；Wherein, it is provided with multi-layer catalyst in catalytic denitration device, for removing the nitrogen oxides in flue gas.
In addition, the invention also provides a kind of method of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission, above-mentioned flue gas nitrogen oxide is utilized
The coal-burning boiler of low emission occurs redox reaction by reducing agent and nitrogen oxides, is taken off under the effect of the catalyst
Pin reduces discharged nitrous oxides.
Compared with existing boiler technology, present applicant proposes a kind of new environmental-friendly coal-burning boilers, can disposably reach
Environmental requirement eliminates the environmental transformation engineering after project construction.Coal-burning boiler proposed by the present invention can reduce system complex
Property, the link of buying and implementation management in process of construction is reduced, the complexity of system after project is gone into operation is reduced, is more convenient for concentrating
Management, can all directly control Denitration in Boiler, steam supply in set of system, avoids boiler producer and is designed with environmental transformation producer
It constructs caused by theory is inconsistent the problems such as inconvenient, is more advantageous to reduction discharge index, providing customization for owner, " one pulls
Son " service.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and is constituted part of this application, not
Constitute limitation of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the coal-burning boiler structural schematic diagram of the flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission of one embodiment of the invention.
The relation schematic diagram chemically reacted in the stove of the positions Fig. 2 one embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
Coordinate schema and presently preferred embodiments of the present invention below, the present invention is further explained to reach predetermined goal of the invention institute
The technological means taken.
Fig. 1 is the coal-burning boiler structural schematic diagram of the flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission of one embodiment of the invention.Such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, which includes：Burner 1, high temperature superheater 2, low temperature superheater 3, high-temperature economizer 4, catalytic denitration device 5,
Low-level (stack-gas) economizer 6, preheater；Wherein, preheater includes：Medium temperature preheater 7, low-temperature pre-heater 8；
Coal feed point, an air inlet, secondary air inlet, reducing agent import are provided on burner 1, coal feed point is for adding
Coal, coal burn in burner 1；In secondary air, reducing agent is added by reducing agent import, also using secondary air amount pair
Former agent is drained；
In combustion, the flue gas of generation passes sequentially through high temperature superheater 2, low temperature superheater 3, high-temperature economizer 4, urges
Change denitrification apparatus 5, low-level (stack-gas) economizer 6, preheater 7；Wherein, it is provided with multi-layer catalyst in catalytic denitration device 5, for removing
Nitrogen oxides in flue gas.
In the present embodiment, catalytic denitration device includes：Denitration medium spray gun, catalyst grid, soot blower, catalyst are set
It sets in catalyst grid.Denitration catalyst device can be adjusted according to the difference of coal, the difference of project location discharge standard,
But single layer catalytic denitration section efficiency is generally between 50~70%.
Specifically, when secondary air introduces reducing agent, boiler air quantity can not be increased to not change boiler wind speed adjustment pair
The influence of burning, does not reduce boiler thermal efficiency, this section of denitration efficiency is up to 50~65%；In 6 leading portion cloth of low-temperature coal economizer of boiler
Catalytic denitration device 5 is set, every layer of catalyst denitration efficiency design value is 65%, further removes nitrogen oxides in effluent and is allowed to reach
To minimum discharge requirement, and fully reduces reduction agent content in flue gas and low-temperature pre-heater device is not caused to corrode and be blocked.
Multiple soot blowers are provided on the coal-burning boiler；Wherein, the soot blower of catalytic denitration section passes through with other soot blowers
One controller controls synthetic operation.Specifically, avoiding soot blower by programming together between soot blower while operation causing
Tolerance it is insufficient, soot blowing effect is bad, decrease and meanwhile soot blowing caused by boiler operating parameter it is unstable situations such as.
In the present embodiment, reducing agent import is provided with premixed multichannel denitration spray gun, for spraying into reducing agent, leads to
It is 30~60% to cross denitration efficiency after the reducing agent import sprays into reducing agent.Spray gun is utilized for that will compress Secondary Air with reducing agent
Pressure difference sprays into burner hearth and is sufficiently mixed with flue gas, at 850~1050 DEG C and has catalyst (in 320~400 DEG C of two temperature windows)
Under the action of, make reducing agent that redox reaction occur with nitrogen oxides, carries out out of stock reduction discharged nitrous oxides.Such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, for the relation schematic diagram of chemical reaction.
Wherein, reducing agent selects 5~9% waste ammonia liquor or urea liquid original agent, the exemplary only act of above-mentioned material
Example, is not limited to that, can freely be allocated according to owner's practical condition and local market.
After describing the burning boiler of exemplary embodiment of the invention, next, to the exemplary implementation of the present invention
The method of the flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission of mode is introduced.This method is the combustion using above-mentioned flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission
Coal burning boiler occurs redox reaction by reducing agent and nitrogen oxides, carries out out of stock reduction nitrogen oxygen under the effect of the catalyst
Compound is discharged.
In order to above-mentioned flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission coal-burning boiler and method carry out apparent explanation, tie below
Unify a specific embodiment to illustrate, however, it should be noted that the embodiment is merely to be better described this hair
It is bright, it does not constitute and the present invention is improperly limited.
Positioned at 2 × 110t/h circulating fluidized bed boiler of the Xinjiang Tian Yun companies of Xinjiang Luntai County, proposed using the application
Flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission burning boiler and method, flue gas emission nitrous oxides concentration is from 200mg/Nm3It is reduced to
50mg/Nm3Hereinafter, meeting discharge index.
Compared with existing boiler technology, present applicant proposes a kind of new environmental-friendly coal-burning boilers, can disposably reach
Environmental requirement eliminates the environmental transformation engineering after project construction.Coal-burning boiler proposed by the present invention can reduce system complex
Property, the link of buying and implementation management in process of construction is reduced, the complexity of system after project is gone into operation is reduced, is more convenient for concentrating
Management, can all directly control Denitration in Boiler, steam supply in set of system, avoids boiler producer and is designed with environmental transformation producer
It constructs caused by theory is inconsistent the problems such as inconvenient, is more advantageous to reduction discharge index, providing customization for owner, " one pulls
Son " service.
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further in detail the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and advantageous effect
Describe in detail it is bright, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, the guarantor being not intended to limit the present invention
Range is protected, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in this
Within the protection domain of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of coal-burning boiler of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission, which is characterized in that including：Burner, high temperature superheater, low temperature
Superheater, high-temperature economizer, catalytic denitration device, low-level (stack-gas) economizer, preheater；Wherein,
Coal feed point, an air inlet, secondary air inlet, reducing agent import are provided on burner, coal feed point is for adding coal, coal
It burns in the burner；In burner secondary air, reducing agent is added by reducing agent import, also using secondary air amount pair
Former agent is drained；
In combustion, the flue gas of generation passes sequentially through high temperature superheater, low temperature superheater, high-temperature economizer, catalytic denitration
Device, low-level (stack-gas) economizer, preheater；Wherein, it is provided with multi-layer catalyst in catalytic denitration device, for removing the nitrogen in flue gas
Oxide.
2. the coal-burning boiler of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission according to claim 1, which is characterized in that catalytic denitration device
Including：Denitration medium spray gun, catalyst grid, soot blower, catalyst are arranged in catalyst grid.
3. the coal-burning boiler of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission according to claim 2, which is characterized in that single-layer catalyst is de-
Nitre efficiency is 65%.
4. the coal-burning boiler of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission according to claim 1, which is characterized in that preheater includes：
Medium temperature preheater, low-temperature pre-heater.
5. the coal-burning boiler of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission according to claim 1, which is characterized in that on the coal-burning boiler
It is provided with multiple soot blowers；Wherein, the soot blower of catalytic denitration section controls synthetic operation with other soot blowers by a controller.
6. the coal-burning boiler of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in reducing agent import
It is provided with premixed multichannel denitration spray gun, for spraying into reducing agent, is imitated by denitration after reducing agent import penetrating reducing agent
Rate is 30~60%.
7. the coal-burning boiler of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission according to claim 6, which is characterized in that spray gun be additionally operable to by
Compression Secondary Air and reducing agent sprays into burner hearth using pressure difference and is sufficiently mixed with flue gas, under the effect of the catalyst, make reducing agent and
Redox reaction occurs for nitrogen oxides, carries out out of stock reduction discharged nitrous oxides.
8. the coal-burning boiler of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission according to claim 1, which is characterized in that reducing agent selects 5
~9% waste ammonia liquor or urea liquid original agent.
9. the coal-burning boiler of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission according to claim 1, which is characterized in that preheater includes：
Medium temperature preheater, low-temperature pre-heater.
10. a kind of method of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission, which is characterized in that described in any one of claim 1-9
By reducing agent and nitrogen oxides oxidation occurs for the coal-burning boiler of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission also under the effect of the catalyst
Original reaction, carries out out of stock reduction discharged nitrous oxides.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810674147.7A CN108716688A (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2018-06-27 | A kind of coal-burning boiler and method of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810674147.7A CN108716688A (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2018-06-27 | A kind of coal-burning boiler and method of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission |
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Family
ID=63913276
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| CN201810674147.7A Pending CN108716688A (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2018-06-27 | A kind of coal-burning boiler and method of flue gas nitrogen oxide low emission |
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Cited By (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110030839A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-19 | 重庆赛迪热工环保工程技术有限公司 | A kind of combination type heating furnace low NOx combustion system and its control method |
| CN112949981A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 国电南京电力试验研究有限公司 | Method for evaluating influence of SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) system on coal-fired generator set operation economy |
| CN114225684A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-25 | 华中科技大学 | Method for removing sulfur trioxide in flue gas of coal-fired power plant by using zinc ash of hot galvanizing plant |
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| CN112949981B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2023-12-26 | 国能南京电力试验研究有限公司 | Evaluation method for influence of SNCR system on operation economy of coal-fired power generation unit |
| CN114225684A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-25 | 华中科技大学 | Method for removing sulfur trioxide in flue gas of coal-fired power plant by using zinc ash of hot galvanizing plant |
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