CN108707756B - Method for comprehensively treating copper smoke dust by using oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace - Google Patents
Method for comprehensively treating copper smoke dust by using oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN108707756B CN108707756B CN201810437754.1A CN201810437754A CN108707756B CN 108707756 B CN108707756 B CN 108707756B CN 201810437754 A CN201810437754 A CN 201810437754A CN 108707756 B CN108707756 B CN 108707756B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
- C22B13/025—Recovery from waste materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/0052—Reduction smelting or converting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/006—Pyrometallurgy working up of molten copper, e.g. refining
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for comprehensively treating copper smoke dust by using an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace, belonging to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of metallurgical wastes. Batching copper smoke dust acid leaching residues to prepare brick materials which meet smelting requirements of an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace, and putting the brick materials into the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace to directly carry out reduction smelting without a desulfurization process to obtain primary lead bullion, primary lead matte, furnace slag and dust-containing flue gas; and (3) carrying out enrichment smelting on the primary lead copper matte obtained by reduction smelting by using an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace to obtain secondary lead bullion, secondary lead copper matte, furnace slag and dust-containing flue gas, wherein in the treatment process, other valuable metals such as Bi, Sn, Ag, Au and the like contained in the copper dust can enter the lead bullion part, and are separated and recovered in the subsequent refining process. The comprehensive treatment method for copper smoke dust provided by the invention has the advantages of simple treatment process, high comprehensive recovery efficiency, less used equipment and lower treatment cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of metallurgical wastes, and particularly relates to a method for comprehensively treating copper smoke dust by using an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace.
Background
The copper smelting technology is a process for obtaining refined copper from copper ore through various process steps, and in the copper smelting process, smoke dust generated by smoke gas of an Isa furnace, a converter and an electric furnace usually contains more than 9 valuable metals such as Cu, Pb, Zn, Bi and the like, has the characteristics of complex chemical components, difficult treatment, environmental pollution and the like, and belongs to dangerous waste. If the copper dust is directly returned to the copper smelting system, the impurity content of the raw materials entering the furnace is greatly increased, the furnace condition is deteriorated, and the processing capacity of the furnace is reduced. During copper smoke dust treatment, the roasting step is generally needed to be firstly carried out for desulfurization and then the treatment is carried out, and the prior art has some problems: 1. the comprehensive recovery rate of valuable elements is low, and the recovery cost is high; 2. the product market space is limited; 3. potential environmental protection hidden troubles exist. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a comprehensive treatment method for copper fume.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method for comprehensively treating copper dust by using an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace, the method has low investment, the comprehensive treatment of the copper dust can be realized by using one device, the treatment process is simple, the lead and the copper in the copper dust can be effectively separated after the treatment, and convenient conditions are provided for subsequent refining.
A method for comprehensively treating copper smoke dust by using an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace comprises the following steps of carrying out acid leaching on the copper smoke dust to obtain acid leaching slag, and carrying out comprehensive treatment by using the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace:
a preparation of brick material
Drying the copper smoke dust acid leaching residue, mixing with coke powder, lime, iron powder, other metal-containing waste materials and sewage treatment plate frame residue, and crushing to prepare a brick material; the adding amount of the coke powder is 2-5% of the weight of the acid leaching residue, the adding amount of the lime is 5-8% of the weight of the acid leaching residue, the adding amount of the iron powder is 10-15% of the weight of the acid leaching residue, and the lead content of the prepared brick material is more than or equal to 20%.
The coke powder is the crushed powder of the coke raw material in the burdening, if the coke powder is directly added into the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace, the coke powder can be taken away by wind, the utilization rate is not high, and the coke powder is added into brick materials, so that the raw materials are fully utilized. The iron powder and the lime are added as slagging agents, the proportion of the three ingredients needs to be determined according to the components of acid leaching slag, other metal-containing waste materials and sewage treatment plate frame slag, the lead content in brick materials is guaranteed to be more than or equal to 20%, and the stable operation of the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace in a certain time is guaranteed.
The lumpiness and strength of the brick material affect the uniform air permeability of the material, thereby affecting the reduction smelting speed and efficiency of the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace, and therefore, proper lumpiness and strength need to be selected.
B reduction smelting
Adding the prepared brick material into an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace, simultaneously adding a fusing agent, copper slag and coke, and spraying oxygen-enriched air from a tuyere at the pressure of 2.0-10.0kPa, wherein the adding amount of the oxygen-enriched air is 40-80 m3And/min, controlling the temperature in the furnace at 1100-1300 ℃, carrying out reduction smelting for 3-4h, converting most of lead sulfate in the brick material into primary crude lead, discharging the primary crude lead and the primary lead copper matte from a lead outlet, casting the primary lead copper matte, discharging slag from a slag outlet, simultaneously generating high-temperature flue gas, and discharging the flue gas after dust collection to reach the standard.
During reduction smelting, when brick materials move from top to bottom in a material column of an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace, a series of physical and chemical reaction processes and heat exchange processes occur, most lead sulfate is reduced into lead sulfide, the process mainly influences the temperature and the furnace gas components, the temperature and the furnace gas components are related to the quality of coke, the slag type, the air inlet amount and the air pressure of an air port, wherein the slag type determines the melting point and the viscosity of slag, and therefore the reduction smelting furnace needs to be used according to the reductionDetermining various indexes of the smelted materials. During the smelting process, the flue gas components are analyzed, the temperature of the flue gas at the top of the furnace is measured, and the reaction condition in the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace can be reversely reacted, so that the relevant parameters, namely the common flue gas components CO/CO, can be timely adjusted2In the range of 0.2-0.5, the temperature of the flue gas at the top of the furnace is 100-.
C enrichment smelting
C, adding the primary lead matte block material in the step C back into the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace, adding scrap iron and coke, and spraying oxygen-enriched air from an air port at the pressure of 1.0-6.0kPa, wherein the adding amount of the oxygen-enriched air is 35-75 m3And/min, controlling the temperature in the furnace at 1100-1300 ℃, smelting for 1-4h, carrying out enrichment smelting to obtain secondary lead bullion and secondary lead copper matte, discharging the secondary lead bullion and the secondary lead copper matte from a lead outlet, discharging slag from a slag outlet, simultaneously generating high-temperature flue gas, and discharging the flue gas after dust collection to reach the standard.
The purpose of enrichment smelting is to reduce the lead content of the primary lead matte and improve the copper content. And adding scrap iron to replace lead in the primary lead copper matte to obtain primary lead bullion and secondary lead copper matte.
Furthermore, the brick material prepared in the step A has the bulk degree of 50-120mm which is not less than 75 percent by weight, the water content of the brick material is not more than 25 percent by weight, and the strength of the brick material is less than 15 percent by weight after the brick material naturally falls to the cement ground from the height of 1.5 meters for three times and the bulk degree of less than 10 mm.
Further, the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air is 22-24%.
Furthermore, the flux added in the step B is quartz stone and limestone, the adding amount of the quartz stone and the limestone is respectively 0-5% of the weight of the brick material, the copper slag removal amount is 0-2% of the weight of the brick material, and the coke amount is 18-22% of the weight of the brick material.
Furthermore, in the step C, the adding amount of the iron scraps is 1-3% of the weight of the primary lead copper matte, and the adding amount of the coke is 12-18% of the weight of the primary lead copper matte.
Further, in the step B, the slag type of the slag is 20-28% of ferric oxide, 20-30% of silicon dioxide, 10-18% of calcium oxide and 1.5-10% of lead content of the slag.
Furthermore, in the step B, the grade of the primary crude lead is 60-75%, and the copper content of the primary lead copper matte is more than or equal to 15%.
Further, in the step C, the copper content of the secondary lead copper matte is more than or equal to 18 percent.
The main form of lead contained in the copper smoke dust acid leaching residue material treated by the invention is lead sulfate, a desulfurization process is not needed, brick materials can be directly reduced in an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace after being prepared, primary crude lead, primary lead matte, furnace slag and dust-containing smoke can be obtained through primary reduction, the primary lead matte is subjected to enrichment smelting by the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace to obtain secondary crude lead, secondary lead matte, filter residue and dust-containing smoke, and in the treatment process, other valuable metals such as Bi, Sn, Ag, Au and the like contained in the copper smoke dust can enter a crude lead part and are separated and recovered in a subsequent refining process. The invention can realize the comprehensive treatment of the copper smoke dust through one device, realizes the effective recovery of valuable metals in the copper smoke dust, and has simple process and low investment cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of reduction smelting in an acid leaching slag brick material oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the enrichment smelting process of the primary lead matte oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
A method for comprehensively treating copper smoke dust by using an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace comprises the following steps of carrying out acid leaching (sulfuric acid) on the copper smoke dust to obtain acid leaching slag, and carrying out comprehensive treatment by using the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace:
a preparation of brick material
Drying the copper smoke dust acid leaching slag, adding coke powder accounting for 2-5% of the weight of the acid leaching slag, lime accounting for 5-8%, iron powder accounting for 10-15%, other metal-containing waste materials and sewage treatment plate frame slag, mixing, crushing to prepare a brick material, controlling the lead content of the brick material to be more than or equal to 20%, the block size of the brick material to be not less than 75% by weight, the water content of the brick material to be not more than 25%, and the strength of the brick material to be less than 15% by weight after the brick material naturally falls to the cement ground for three times from 1.5 m height.
B reduction smelting
Adding the prepared brick material into an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace, simultaneously adding quartz stone accounting for 0-5 percent of the weight of the brick material and limestone accounting for 0-5 percent of the weight of the brick material as a fusing agent, copper slag accounting for 0-2 percent of the weight of the brick material and coke accounting for 18-22 percent of the weight of the brick material, spraying oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content of 22-24 percent from a tuyere at the pressure of 2.0-10.0kPa, wherein the adding amount of the oxygen-enriched air is 40-80 m3The temperature in the furnace is controlled at 1300 ℃ of 1100-4 h, the reduction smelting is carried out for 3-4h, most of lead sulfate in the brick material is converted into primary crude lead, primary crude lead (the grade is 60-75%) and primary lead copper matte (the copper content is more than or equal to 15%) are discharged from a lead outlet, primary lead copper matte cast blocks are produced, slag is discharged from a slag outlet (the slag type comprises 20-28% of ferric oxide, 20-30% of silicon dioxide, 10-18% of calcium oxide and 1.5-10% of lead content in the slag), high-temperature flue gas is produced, and the flue gas is discharged after dust collection;
c enrichment smelting
C, adding the primary lead copper matte block in the step C back into the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace, adding scrap iron accounting for 1-3% of the weight of the primary lead copper matte and coke accounting for 12-18% of the weight of the primary lead copper matte, and spraying oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content of 22-24% from a tuyere at the pressure of 1.0-6.0kPa, wherein the addition of the oxygen-enriched air is 35-75 m3And/min, controlling the temperature in the furnace at 1100-1300 ℃, smelting for 1-4h to obtain secondary lead bullion and secondary lead copper matte (the copper content is more than or equal to 18%), discharging the secondary lead bullion and the secondary lead copper matte from a lead outlet, discharging slag from a slag outlet, simultaneously generating high-temperature flue gas, and discharging the flue gas after dust collection to reach the standard.
Claims (6)
1. A method for comprehensively treating copper smoke dust by using an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps of: a, preparing a brick material, drying copper smoke dust acid leaching residues, mixing the dried copper smoke dust acid leaching residues with coke powder, lime, iron powder, other metal-containing waste materials and sewage treatment plate frame residues, and crushing the mixture to prepare the brick material; the adding amount of the coke powder is 2-5% of the weight of the acid leaching residue, the adding amount of the lime is 5-8% of the weight of the acid leaching residue, and the adding amount of the iron powder is the weight of the acid leaching residue10-15%, and the lead content of the prepared brick material is more than or equal to 20%; b, reduction smelting, namely adding the prepared brick material into an oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace, adding a fusing agent, copper slag and coke, and spraying oxygen-enriched air from a tuyere at the pressure of 2.0-10.0kPa, wherein the adding amount of the oxygen-enriched air is 40-80 m3The temperature in the furnace is controlled at 1100-1300 ℃, reduction smelting is carried out for 3-4h, most of lead sulfate in the brick material is converted into primary crude lead, the primary crude lead and the primary lead copper matte are discharged from a lead outlet, the primary lead copper matte is cast, slag is discharged from a slag outlet, high-temperature smoke is generated, and the smoke is discharged after dust collection; the flux added in the step B is quartz stone and limestone, the adding amount of the quartz stone and the limestone is 0-5% of the weight of the brick material, the adding amount of the copper-removing slag is 0-2% of the weight of the brick material, and the coke amount is 18-22% of the weight of the brick material; c, enriching and smelting, namely adding the primary lead matte block in the step B back into the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace, adding scrap iron and coke at the same time, and spraying oxygen-enriched air from an air port at the pressure of 1.0-6.0kPa, wherein the adding amount of the oxygen-enriched air is 35-75 m3The temperature in the furnace is controlled at 1100-1300 ℃, the smelting is carried out for 1-4h, secondary lead bullion and secondary lead copper matte are obtained by enrichment smelting, the secondary lead bullion and the secondary lead copper matte are discharged from a lead outlet, slag is discharged from a slag outlet, high-temperature smoke is generated at the same time, and the smoke is discharged after dust collection; in the step C, the adding amount of the iron scraps is 1-3% of the weight of the primary lead copper matte, and the adding amount of the coke is 12-18% of the weight of the primary lead copper matte.
2. The method for comprehensively treating the copper dust by using the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace according to the claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the brick material prepared in the step A has the bulk degree of 50-120mm which is not less than 75% by weight, the water content of the brick material is not more than 25%, and the bulk degree of the brick material is less than 15% by weight after the brick material naturally falls to the cement ground from 1.5 m height for three times.
3. The method for comprehensively treating the copper dust by using the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace according to the claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the content of the oxygen-enriched air is 22-24%.
4. The method for comprehensively treating the copper dust by using the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace according to the claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step B, the slag type of the slag is 20-28% of ferric oxide, 20-30% of silicon dioxide, 10-18% of calcium oxide and 1.5-10% of lead content of the slag.
5. The method for comprehensively treating the copper dust by using the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace according to the claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step B, the grade of the primary crude lead is 60-75%, and the copper content of the primary lead matte is more than or equal to 15%.
6. The method for comprehensively treating the copper dust by using the oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace according to the claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and C, the copper content of the secondary lead matte is more than or equal to 18 percent.
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| CN111850308B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-04-16 | 湖北大江环保科技股份有限公司 | Method for treating copper smoke dust by using oxygen-enriched side-blown reduction smelting furnace |
| CN113621810A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-09 | 尤全仁 | Waste lead-acid storage battery and lead-containing waste regenerated and reduced lead ingredient and preparation method thereof |
| CN113621797A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-11-09 | 江西金洋金属股份有限公司 | Desulfurization lead plaster brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN113981231A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-01-28 | 安徽铜冠有色金属（池州）有限责任公司 | Process for recovering lead, bismuth, gold and silver from copper anode slime smelting slag |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS57198225A (en) * | 1981-05-29 | 1982-12-04 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | Treatment of copper-containing refining smoke ash |
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| CN102965510A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-03-13 | 中南大学 | Reduction sulfur-fixing bath smelting method and device of low-sulfur lead-containing secondary material and iron-rich heavy metal solid waste |
| CN103937990A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-23 | 云南锡业股份有限公司 | Oxygen-rich blowing technology for producing coarse lead and matte from lead matte in top-blowing furnace |
| CN104004916A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2014-08-27 | 东营方圆有色金属有限公司 | Copper smelting ash leaching residue bottom blowing reduction smelting multi-metal trapping process |
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