CN108699843B

CN108699843B - Facade cladding system

Info

Publication number: CN108699843B
Application number: CN201680079528.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卡洛斯·弗拉德拉佩利克尔
Original assignee: Ka LuosiFuladelapeilikeer
Current assignee: Ka LuosiFuladelapeilikeer
Priority date: 2016-01-20
Filing date: 2016-09-22
Publication date: 2020-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2036-09-22
Also published as: WO2017125169A1; ES2763037T3; ES2559328B1; ES2559328A1; EP3405625A1; EP3405625B1; CN108699843A

Abstract

The invention relates to a facade cladding system comprising a support profile (1) fixed to a facade structure, a panel supported by the support profile (1), and a resting device fixed to the panel and resting on the support profile (1). The resting means comprise a rod (9) and a resting piece (10), the rod (9) being inserted in a hole formed by a sleeve embedded in the panel, the resting piece (10) being fixed to the rod (9). The resting piece (10) has a resting side and a through hole. The resting (10) can rest on the bottom of the bracket (3) formed by the support profile (1) through the resting side, the through holes receiving the rods (9) tightly and being located at different distances from the resting side.

Description

Facade cladding system

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of facade cladding, and in particular to cladding for forming a ventilated facade by placing a cementitious mortar panel on a facade structure.

More specifically, the present invention relates to a facade cladding system comprising:

-a support profile fixed to the facade structure, arranged in a horizontal position, said support profile having a cantilever part formed with brackets against a base part and an end part of the facade structure;

-panels supported by said support profile, whereby the panels are arranged parallel to the facade structure and at the same spacing from each other; the panel is a prefabricated flat cement mortar panel provided with sleeves embedded in the cement mortar blocks of the panel, each of said sleeves forming a hole visible on the face of said panel facing said facade structure;

-resting means by which the panels rest on the support profile, each of said resting means comprising a rod and a resting member. The rod is inserted into one of the holes formed by the sleeve in the panel. The rest is fixed to the rod and rests on the bottom of the bracket supporting the profile. The recliner includes a through hole closely receiving the rod;

-a first fixing mechanism for fixing a rod inserted into the bore of the sleeve to the sleeve;

-a second fixing mechanism for fixing the recliner to the rod;

-the first and second fixing mechanisms are configured to allow adjustment of the gap between the recliner and the panel to which the recliner is fixed by the rod.

Background

The patent documents WO2008139003a1, WO2010112634a1 and ES2431264a1, all belonging to the patent applications of the applicant, disclose various solutions for the facade cladding forms mentioned in the present invention. While these solutions, which are suitable for different forms of installations and environments, provide satisfactory results, they can be improved in terms of the simplicity and versatility allowed when the panels are installed in facade structures.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a facade cladding system of the type described above which allows panels to be more easily installed in a facade structure and thus enables the position of the panels to be adjusted in height.

The object of the invention is achieved by a facade cladding system of the type described above, which is characterized in that the resting means comprise at least two resting sides adapted to allow the resting means to rest on the bottom of the bracket of the support profile, optionally with each of the resting sides.

Due to this particular configuration, the through hole is in a preset vertical position with respect to the support profile when the resting element rests with one of its resting sides on the bottom of the bracket of the support profile, and in another preset vertical position when the resting element rests with its other resting side. The installation technician can thus easily adjust the vertical position of the panel for that purpose by arranging any resting side of the resting pieces as a bracket facing the support profile. Furthermore, since the different possible vertical positions of the panel are predetermined, each corresponding to one of the resting sides of the resting member, the vertical position of the panel is not adjusted by means of tightening the parts, as in the prior art, resulting in inaccuracies in the mounting position of the panel. The system according to the invention ensures that the panel is always perfectly horizontal with the support profile, but allows easy adjustment of the height by selecting from several predetermined values corresponding to each different reclining side of the recliner.

In this document, the term "facade structure" means any structure that forms or is mounted in a facade itself, such as the embodiments described herein, or other similar structures that include the outer walls of the actual facade and that include strips that are secured to the facade outer walls. On the other hand, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "downward", "upward" and the like apply to the position of the cladding system when assembled in a facade structure.

The features of the preferred embodiments described in the dependent claims have been conceived on the basis of the invention defined in the main claim.

Preferably, the resting member has at least four resting sides, more preferably six resting sides, adapted to allow said resting member to be supported on the bottom of the bracket, optionally through each of said resting sides, and the through holes are located at different distances from at least four, more preferably six of said resting sides. The installation technician can thus select from at least four, and more optionally six different predetermined vertical positions of the panels.

In a preferred embodiment, the resting member is a flat plate of uniform thickness in a cradle having a profile adapted to support. The resting elements may be easier to manufacture, store and transport. Furthermore, the reclining member thus formed is more convenient for the installation technician to handle during the installation of the panel to the facade structure.

Preferably, the resting member is a flat plate having a polygonal shape and, advantageously, each side of said polygonal shape is a resting side adapted to allow the resting member to rest on the bottom of the bracket.

In certain contemplated embodiments, the polygon is a quadrilateral.

In certain contemplated embodiments, the polygon is a hexagon.

In a conceivable configuration, the polygon is a regular polygon, and the through-hole is arranged at an eccentric position with respect to the center of the regular polygon.

In another contemplated configuration, the polygon is an irregular polygon.

Preferably, identification marks are provided on the resting pieces adjacent to at least some of the resting sides, the identification marks adjacent to the resting side being different from the identification marks adjacent to the other resting side, which are located at different distances from the through hole. Due to these identification marks, the installation technician can correctly orient the recliner to place the panel in the desired predetermined vertical position when installing the panel in the facade structure.

Preferably, the identification marks are formed by one or more perforations provided in the resting member, said identification marks differing from each other in number or in shape of the perforations forming said identification marks. Considering that the process of mounting the panel to the facade structure will take place under different conditions, the use of perforations as a solution for making identification marks ensures that the marks are always clearly visible to the mounting technician, which is a considerable advantage. This solution is safer than panels marked by printing or engraving, if the resting member is dirty, or when the angle of incidence of the light is not good, the mark may not be visible to the installation technician. Furthermore, it allows the recliner to have two identical major faces, so that the installation technician need not be concerned with the major faces when orienting the recliner, the identifying indicia being visible from either of the two faces.

Preferably, the facade cladding system according to the invention comprises anti-seismic equipment to prevent the panels from moving vertically upwards when supported by the support profile by the rests resting on the bottom of the carrier. This anti-seismic device comprises a fixing piece fixed to the rod, which encloses from below the end of the cantilever part forming the support profile of the bracket, and from above the upper side of the resting piece. In case of seismic vibrations, the fixing element cannot move upwards because the upper side of the fixing element abuts against the leaning element, which in turn abuts against the end of the cantilever part of the support profile. This solution has the advantage of simplicity, fixing and ease of installation.

In a preferred embodiment which allows easy mounting of the fixing by sliding laterally, the fixing is a C-shaped plate having a web provided with a groove open only to one side, into which the rod is inserted laterally, and two wings extending orthogonally from the web and arranged directly below the end of the cantilever portion of the support profile and directly above the upper side of the resting element, respectively. Preferably, each of these wings of the fixing piece is bent at the end to form a hook, whereby each hook of the respective wing is coupled to the end of the cantilever portion of the support profile and to the upper side of the resting piece, respectively. A particularly stable fastening is thereby achieved. Furthermore, the hooks formed on the wings of the fixing element make the mounting of the fixing element easier, since they allow to hang it on the bracket when performing other operations, and they also allow to slide laterally in a guided manner when coupled to the end of the cantilever portion of the support profile and to the upper side of the resting element.

The invention also includes other detailed features that are illustrated in the drawings and in the detailed description of several embodiments of the invention.

Drawings

The advantages and features of the present invention may be understood by the following detailed description, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are described in a non-limiting manner with respect to the scope of protection of the main claims with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a partial view of the face of a panel facing the panel of a facade structure in an assembled state.

Fig. 2 is a side sectional view along the plane II-II of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a system of assembled panels according to the invention, wherein the panels are depicted in phantom as transparent in order to show the internal components and components of the system that are disposed behind the panels.

Fig. 4 is a side view of a facade cladding system according to the present invention showing a panel assembled in one position in the facade structure. The drawing sheet is cut in the vertical direction in consideration of the range.

Fig. 5 is a side view of a reclining device secured to a panel, with the area corresponding to the panel partially depicted.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the support profile.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the reclining device shown in fig. 4 and 5, wherein the reclining member is a rectangular plate.

Figure 8 is a view similar to figure 7 showing a second embodiment of the reclining means, wherein the reclining element is a hexagonal plate.

Fig. 9 is a front view of the reclining member formed of a rectangular plate shown in fig. 7.

Figure 10 is a front view of a resting piece of a variant of the resting piece of the previous figure, wherein the resting piece is formed by a square plate.

Figure 11 is a front view of the reclining member of figure 8 formed of hexagonal plates.

Figures 12, 13 and 14 show different reclining positions that can be adopted by the reclining members of figures 9, 10 and 11, respectively.

Fig. 15 shows an embodiment incorporating anti-seismic equipment. The drawing also shows a possible embodiment of the reinforcement preventing the support profile 1 from bending.

Figure 16 shows a fixture used in the anti-seismic apparatus of figure 15.

Detailed Description

Figures 1 and 2 show a panel 4 of the type used in a facade covering system according to the invention. In the preferred embodiment shown in the figures, the panel 4 is a flat rectangular panel made of cement mortar, inside which is provided a prestressed biaxial reinforcement 20. The panel 4 is provided with a metal sleeve 5, which metal sleeve 5 is embedded in the cement mortar mass of the panel and is placed in the panel before the installation phase. As shown in fig. 3, the sleeves 5 are arranged along the length and width of the panel 4 to form a regular rectangular shelf. Fig. 1 and 2 show more details of these sleeves 5 and their arrangement in the panel 4. Each casing 5 is formed by a cylindrical body with a threaded blind hole 6 at one end and a retaining flange at the other end for retaining the casing 5 in the cement mortar mass, and by a transverse channel that allows the passage of the rod of the reinforcing element 20. In the position shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the panel 4 is mounted on the facade structure 2, the mouth of the hole 6 of the sleeve 5 is flush with the face 7 of the panel 4 facing the facade structure 2.

Figure 3 shows as a whole a facade cladding system according to the invention in which in a facade structure 2 a panel 4 is fitted adjacent to another panel 4, arranged parallel to and spaced from the facade structure 2, whereby a discontinuous cladding is formed away from the facade structure 2. For a clearer illustration, a single, one-piece panel 4 is shown, as well as a portion of the right-hand adjacent panel 4. In actual use, the cladding is formed by a plurality of panels 4 arranged adjacent to each other in the horizontal and vertical directions, since covering the required facade surface requires the arrangement of a plurality of panels 4.

As shown in fig. 3, in the embodiment described, the facade structures 2 are formed by profiles with a C-section, which are arranged vertically on the facade of a building (not shown) and at regular distances from each other. In fact, other shapes of the structural profile can also be used. It is also possible to dispense with the structural profile and to mount the panels directly on the outer wall of the facade through the support profile, thus having the function of the "facade structure" of the invention.

The panel 4 is mounted in the facade structure 2 by means of a support profile 1 fixed to the facade structure 2, preferably by means of self-tapping screws 22 and a resting means 8, and the panel 4 rests on said support profile 1 by means of said self-tapping screws 22 and a resting means 8, so that the panel 4 can be hung on the support profile 1.

The support profile 1 is made of cold-formed galvanized steel sheet. However, they may be made of other materials, such as stainless steel, anodized aluminum, duralumin, and the like. As shown in fig. 6, these support profiles 1 comprise a base 1a in the form of a flat plate which abuts the facade 2 and a cantilever 1b, the ends of which are formed with brackets 3. The cantilever portion 1b is formed of a first straight section extending obliquely downward from the upper end of the base portion 1a and having a bracket 3 formed at the end. In a side view, the bracket 3 has a rectangular shape open at the upper side, with its outer vertical side being higher than the inner vertical side, wherein the lower horizontal side forms a flat bottom 19 of the bracket 3, which forms a seat for a reclining element 10 described later.

Alternatively, a reinforcement 21, schematically shown in fig. 4, can be envisaged, the lower part of said reinforcement 21 resting on a horizontal flange 23 of the support profile 1, while at the other upper part receiving the lower end of the bracket 3, supporting the bracket 3. The purpose of these stiffeners 21 is to prevent the cantilever part 1b of the support profile 1 from bending under the weight of the panel 4. Fig. 15 shows a possible embodiment of the stiffener 21 with a flat base 24, which abuts the base 1a of the support profile 1, and wings 25. Wherein the upper part of the wing 25 fits closely in the free space between the base 1a and the cantilever part 1b of the support profile 1 and the lower part of the wing 25 forms a seat 26 against which the lower end of the bracket 3 rests.

Fig. 5 and 7 show a reclining device 8 comprising a threaded rod 9 and a reclining piece 10. The dimensions of the threaded rod 9 are chosen to be suitable for screwing into the hole 6 of the sleeve 5 of the panel 4. The rest 10 is fixed to the bar 9 and the panel 4 rests on the support profile 1 through the bar 9. The resting member 10 is provided with a through hole 11 (see fig. 9-11) tightly receiving the rod 9, whereby the vertical position of the through hole 11 with respect to the resting side 17 of the resting member 10 defines the vertical position of the panel 4 with respect to the support profile 1, wherein the resting member 10 rests on the bottom 19 of the carrier 3 through the through hole 11.

The system comprises a fixing mechanism for forming an integrated assembly, wherein the integrated assembly is formed by the panel 4 and the resting means 8 fixed to the panel 4. These fixing means as a whole allow to adjust the gap between each rest 10 and the panel 4, wherein the rest 10 is fixed to the panel 4 by means of the rod 9. These fixing means are shown in detail in fig. 5, which shows, in a side view, the resting means 8 fixed to the panel 4. When the rod 9 is inserted in the hole 6 of said sleeve 5, first fixing means for fixing the rod 9 to the sleeve 5 are formed by the internal thread 12 of the hole 6, the thread 13 of the rod 9 and the face 7 screwed into said rod 9 and against the panel 4, to lock the nut 14 of the rod 9 screwed into the hole 6. The second fixing means for fixing the rest 10 to the rod 9 are formed by two

nuts

15, 16 screwed into the rod 9 and bearing against two opposite faces of the rest 10, said rod 9 likewise passing through the through hole 11.

Figures 9, 10 and 11, together with figures 7 and 8, show different embodiments of the resting member 10. In these embodiments, the resting elements 10 are flat polyhedral panels, preferably made of stainless steel, having a uniform thickness and thus able to fit into the cradle 3 supporting the profile 1. The rest 10 thus formed has several rest sides 17, with which rest side 17 the rest 10 can rest on the bottom 19 of the bracket 3. The through holes 11 are located at different distances from the different resting sides 17. Thus, the installation technician can easily adjust the relative vertical position of the panel 4. For this purpose, rotating the resting member 10 about the rod 9 is sufficient to select the resting side 17 with which said resting member 10 rests on the bottom 19 of the bracket 3.

Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in fig. 9-11, the resting member 10 is provided with different identification marks shown adjacent to different resting sides 17. Each identification mark 18 adjacent to a resting side 17 differs from the identification mark adjacent to the other resting side 17, being located at a different distance from the through hole 11. The purpose of these identification marks 18 is to assist the installation technician in selecting a resting side 17 adapted to the vertical position in which the panel 4 must be placed. In the illustrated embodiment, the identifying indicia 18 is comprised of one or more perforations. The identification marks 18 are different from each other in number or shape of the perforations forming themselves.

In the embodiment of fig. 9, the plate forming the rest 10 has a rectangular shape, the through hole 11 being located in the center of the rectangle, whereby this rest 10 has four rest sides 17, but only two of the four rest sides 17 are located at different distances from said through hole 11 and are distinguished from each other by respective identification marks 18. Fig. 12 shows two positions of the resting member 10, the resting member 10 resting with its two resting sides 17, respectively, so that the through-holes 11 have different heights.

In the embodiment of fig. 10, the plate forming the rest 10 has a square shape, the through hole 11 being located at an eccentric position with respect to the two axes of the square, whereby this rest 10 has four rest sides 17, all rest sides 17 being located at different distances from the through hole 17 and being distinguished from each other by respective identification marks 18. Fig. 13 shows four positions of the resting pieces 10, the resting pieces 10 resting by one of their four resting sides 17, respectively, so that the through holes 11 have different heights.

In the embodiment of fig. 11, the plate forming the resting member 10 has an irregular hexagonal shape, the through holes 11 being arranged so that the six resting sides 17 of the resting member 10 have different distances from the through hole 1. It can be observed that in the example shown, there are two resting sides 17 without identification marks 18. However, the installation technician can distinguish between these two resting sides 17 on the basis of the other resting sides 17 actually having the identification mark 18. Fig. 14 shows six positions of the resting pieces 10, the resting pieces 10 resting with one of their six resting sides 17, respectively, so that the through-holes 11 have different heights.

Fig. 15 and 16 show an anti-seismic device advantageously applied to the facade system of the invention, which anti-seismic device prevents the upward movement of the panel 4 supported by the support profile 1 by means of the resting 10 resting on the bottom 19 of the bracket 3 in case of seismic shocks. Although the panel 4 is not shown in fig. 15 for ease of understanding the anti-seismic device, it will be appreciated that the panel 4 is fixed to the threaded rod 9 as described above, and as shown in fig. 4 and 5. The anti-seismic device comprises a fixing 27, in the example the fixing 27 being formed by a C-shaped plate having a web 28 provided with a groove 30 open only to one side and two wings 29 extending orthogonally from said web 28 and bent at the ends to form a hook 31. As shown in fig. 15, the fixing piece 27 is arranged to surround the cantilever portion 1b formed as the support profile 1 of the bracket 3 from below and to surround the upper side of the resting piece 10 from above. More precisely, the lower wing 29 is arranged directly below the end of the cantilever portion 1b of the support profile 1, to which its hook 31 is coupled, while the upper wing 29 is arranged directly above the upper side of the rest 10, to which its hook 31 is coupled. The fixing element 27 is arranged by lateral translation, considering that the web 28 is provided with a groove 30 open only to the side where the threaded rod 9 is inserted. As shown in fig. 15, the fixing member 27 is fixed to the threaded rod 9 by means of a screw.

Claims

1. A facade cladding system comprising:

-a support profile (1) fixed to a facade structure (2) arranged in a horizontal position, said support profile (1) having a base (1a) against which the facade structure (2) rests and a cantilever part (1b) with a bracket (3) formed at the end;

-a panel (4) supported by the support profile (1), whereby the panel (4) is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the facade structure (2); said panel (4) being a prefabricated, flat cement mortar panel provided with sleeves (5) embedded in cement mortar blocks of said panel (4), each of said sleeves (5) forming a hole (6), said holes (6) being visible on a face (7) of said panel (4) facing said facade structure (2);

-resting means (8) by means of which the panel rests on the support profile (1), each of said resting means (8) comprising a rod (9) inserted inside one of said holes (6) formed by a sleeve (5) in the panel (4) and a rest (10), said rest (10) being fixed to said rod (9) and resting on a bottom (19) of the bracket (3) of the support profile (1), said rest (10) comprising a through hole (11) tightly receiving said rod (9);

-first fixing means (12, 13, 14) for fixing the rod (9) inserted in the hole (6) of the sleeve (5) to the sleeve (5);

-second fixing means (15, 16) for fixing said resting member (10) to said rod (9);

-said first fixing means (12, 13, 14) and said second fixing means (15, 16) are configured to allow adjusting the clearance between said resting member (10) and said panel (4), said resting member (10) being fixed to said panel (4) by said rod (9);

characterized in that said resting member (10) comprises at least two resting sides (17) adapted to allow said resting member (10) to rest on said bottom (19) of said carriage (3), optionally through each of said resting sides (17), and in that said through hole (11) tightly receiving said rod (9) is located at different distances from at least two of said resting sides (17);

identification marks (18) are provided in the resting part (10) adjacent to at least some of the resting sides (17), the identification mark (18) adjacent to one resting side (17) being different from the identification mark (18) adjacent to another resting side (17), the other resting side (17) being located at a different distance from the through-hole (17).

2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that said resting member (10) has at least four resting sides (17) adapted to allow said resting member (10) to rest on said bottom (19) of said carriage (3) optionally through each of said resting sides (17), and in that said through holes (11) are located at different distances from at least four of said resting sides (17).

3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that said resting member (10) has at least six resting sides (17) adapted to allow said resting member (10) to rest on said bottom (19) of said carriage (3) through each of said resting sides (17), and in that said through holes (11) are located at different distances from at least six of said resting sides (17).

4. System according to claim 1, characterized in that said resting member (10) is a flat plate with a uniform thickness able to fit in said cradle (3) of said support profile (1).

5. System according to claim 4, characterized in that said resting member (10) is a flat plate having a polygonal shape.

6. System according to claim 5, characterized in that each side of said polygon is a resting side (17) adapted to allow said resting member (10) to rest on said bottom (19) of said carriage (3).

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the polygon is a quadrilateral.

8. The system of claim 6, wherein the polygon is a hexagon.

9. System according to any of claims 6-8, characterized in that the polygon is a regular polygon and the through hole (11) is arranged at an eccentric position with respect to the center of the regular polygon.

10. The system of any one of claims 6-8, wherein the polygon is an irregular polygon.

11. System according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said identification marks (18) are formed by one or more perforations provided in said resting member (10), said identification marks (18) differing from each other in number or in the shape of said perforations forming said identification marks.

12. System according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises anti-seismic means to prevent the upward vertical movement of the panel (4) when supported by the support profile (1) by means of the resting (10) resting on the bottom (19) of the carriage (3), said anti-seismic means comprising a fixing (27) fixed to the rod (9), said fixing (27) surrounding from below the end of the cantilever (1b) forming the support profile (1) of the carriage (3), surrounding from above the upper side of the resting (10).

13. System according to claim 12, characterized in that said fixing element (27) is a C-shaped plate having a web (28) provided with a groove (30) open only on one side for the transverse insertion of said rod (9) and two wings (29), said two wings (29) extending orthogonally from said web (28) and being arranged respectively directly below said end of said cantilever portion (1b) of said support profile (1) and directly above said upper side of said resting element (10).

14. The system according to claim 13, characterized in that each of said wings (29) of said fixing member (27) is bent at its end to form a hook (31), whereby each hook (31) of the respective wing (29) is coupled respectively to said end of said cantilever portion (1b) of said support profile (1) and to said upper side of said resting member (10).