CN108696143B - Method for online real-time optimization of inverter frequency and system power of wireless charging system - Google Patents
Method for online real-time optimization of inverter frequency and system power of wireless charging system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
- H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
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- H02J5/005—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
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- H02J7/025—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
- H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for optimizing the frequency and the system power of a wireless charging inverter on line in real time. The online real-time frequency modulation is realized by a LabVIEW, a DSP controller and an MOS tube driving circuit, wherein the LabVIEW comprises a communication module, a frequency modulation module and a display module; an SCI serial communication mode is used between the LabVIEW communication module and the DSP controller; the operation of the frequency modulation module comprises initialization, a manual mode and an automatic mode; the invention solves the problem that the frequency of the wireless charging system needs to be adjusted to pass a DSP download program frequently, ensures that the wireless charging system has high efficiency when working in a soft switch state, and then adjusts the power of the system to ensure that the system has maximum power under the current input voltage level, thereby optimizing the power of the wireless charging system and the inverter frequency in real time on line and ensuring that the wireless charging system works stably, safely and efficiently.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wireless power transmission technology, in particular to a method for optimizing inverter frequency and system power of a wireless charging system on line in real time.
Background
The electric automobile has the advantages of zero emission, noise pollution reduction, few automobile parts, high reliability and the like, and under the condition of more and more popularization in the current times, the battery charging technology of the electric automobile is also developed rapidly. At present, the battery charging mode of the electric automobile is mainly a contact charging mode, so that the convenience of the charging mode is poor, and certain potential safety hazards exist. Compared with the traditional charging method, the wireless charging mode can solve the problems of interface limitation, safety and the like of the traditional conduction charging mode, and the technology can be gradually developed into the main charging mode of the electric automobile.
Because the electric automobile realizes that the process of wireless power transmission needs to use high frequency electricity, and the inverter that is used for producing high frequency electricity has used the inverter circuit of 4 MOS pipes, and MOS pipe work is under 85 kHz's frequency, if hard switch, will cause very big power loss for charging efficiency is the basement, under this condition, needs inverter circuit to realize soft switching function, thereby reduces switching loss. The key to implementing soft switching is to make the phase of the output current of the inverter lag behind the phase of the output voltage, which requires the whole circuit to exhibit inductive characteristics. Hardware parameter values configured according to a wireless charging system formula are not necessarily accurate, a frequency capable of enabling the wireless charging system to work under an inductive load condition needs to be modulated manually, only a DSP controller capable of generating PWM is used, inconvenience that a program needs to be downloaded to observe an effect once can exist, convenience is poor, and therefore through joint configuration of LabVIEW and the DSP, commands are given manually on the LabVIEW, the DSP updates the PWM frequency in real time, and great convenience is brought to debugging.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for optimizing inverter frequency and system power of a wireless charging system in real time on line, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: because the wireless charging system needs to ensure high system efficiency, the inverter needs to work in a soft switching state, the output current phase of the inverter needs to lag behind the output voltage phase, namely, the frequency of the inverter is modulated so as to ensure that the circuit characteristic presents the sensitivity; the frequency modulation is realized by a LabVIEW, a DSP controller and an MOS tube driving circuit; more selectivity can be provided by setting a manual mode and an automatic mode in LabVIEW. The concrete implementation is as follows:
the wireless charging system comprises a primary side and a secondary side; the primary side consists of an inverter, a primary LCC compensation network and an energy transmitting coil; the secondary side consists of an energy receiving coil, a secondary LCC compensation network, a full-bridge rectification circuit, a DC/DC circuit and a controller; the DC/DC circuit comprises an input current source, an input filter capacitor, an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) of the DC/DC converter, a diode, an inductor, a capacitor and a load, and is used for adjusting power; the controller adopts double closed-loop PID control, an outer loop controls load current, and an inner loop controls voltage input to a filter capacitor; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the frequency of the inverter is optimized, and the system efficiency is improved: the online real-time frequency modulation is realized by a LabVIEW, a DSP controller and an MOS tube driving circuit, wherein the LabVIEW comprises a communication module, a frequency modulation module and a display module; the operation of the frequency modulation module comprises initialization, a manual mode and an automatic mode, wherein the initialization specifically comprises the following steps: after the correct COM port is configured, the initial frequency is set at 85kHz, and when the system checks that the system is error-free, the system frequency is modulated on line in real time; the manual mould body is as follows: electrifying to observe the output voltage and the output current of the inverter, wherein the control target is that the current phase lags behind the voltage phase, if the target cannot be reached, finely adjusting the inverter frequency, judging whether the control target is reached, if the control target is not reached, continuing to adjust, if the target is reached, ending the adjustment, and if the target working frequency cannot be found after modulating for k times, rechecking the system problem; the automatic mode specifically comprises: defining a ratio of a loss power on an inverter to an input power of a wireless charging system in a DSP controller as ShDefinition of ShMaximum allowable value is SkDefining a frequency operating interval of [82,88 ]]kHz, interval step length is 0.1, and a frequency array is established: 82kHz,82.1kHz, …,87.8kHz,87.9kHz and 88kHz, and calculating S corresponding to all frequencieshWill ShArranging values in an ascending order; if S is presenthIs less than or equal to the target value SkThen choose the smallest ShThe frequency corresponding to the value is the working frequency of the wireless charging system, the working frequency is displayed on a display module of the LabVIEW, a normal indication signal is displayed on the display module, if the working frequency does not exist, the system problem needs to be checked again, and an error indication signal is displayed on the display module;
(2) optimizing system power, and finding the maximum controllable power under the current input voltage level: the method comprises the steps that a power control module is arranged on the LabVIEW, the power of the wireless charging system is controlled by controlling load current under the current input voltage level, a current reference value is added to the LabVIEW to control the wireless charging system, the output voltage and the output current waveform of an inverter are observed, if the waveform is stable, the current reference value is continuously increased, if the waveform vibrates, the current reference value is not increased, and the wireless charging system is enabled to stably operate under the controllable maximum power.
Further, an SCI serial communication mode is used between the communication module of the LabVIEW and the DSP controller.
Further, the display module is used for displaying the communication state of the wireless charging system, the optimal working frequency value and the current power thereof on LabVIEW.
Furthermore, LabVIEW is used as an upper computer, the DSP controller uses DSP28335 as a core chip, frequency instructions are sent to the DSP controller through the LabVIEW for joint modulation, PWM waves are generated, and then the MOS tubes of the inverter are driven through the MOS tube driving circuit, so that the frequency of the inverter is controlled.
Further, a frequency value is set on LabVIEW, since LabVIEW supports maximum 16-bit unsigned binary data when conducting data, the maximum supported value is 65535, while the wireless charging system uses high-frequency alternating current with a frequency set to 85000 Hz; therefore, only 850 g is taken from LabVIEW, and the data is split into the upper 8 bits and the lower 8 bits to be transmitted out, and the data is processed by 100 times in the DSP controller.
Furthermore, the clock cycle of the DSP controller is 150MHz, and the PWM generation mode used in the system is a bilateral symmetrical waveform with the counting up and down; and (4) performing constraint processing in the DSP controller so that the generated frequency is between 82kHz and 88 kHz.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention solves the problem that the frequency of the wireless charging system needs to be adjusted to pass a DSP download program frequently, ensures that the wireless charging system has high efficiency when working in a soft switch state, and then adjusts the power of the system to ensure that the system has maximum power under the current input voltage level, thereby optimizing the power of the wireless charging system and the inverter frequency in real time on line and ensuring that the wireless charging system works stably, safely and efficiently.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless charging system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a controller employing dual closed loop PID control;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of online real-time frequency modulation;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for online real-time optimization of inverter frequency and system power of a wireless charging system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the line charging system includes a primary side and a secondary side; the primary side consists of an inverter, a primary LCC compensation network and an energy transmitting coil; the secondary side consists of an energy receiving coil, a secondary LCC compensation network, a full-bridge rectification circuit, a DC/DC circuit and a controller; the DC/DC circuit comprises an input current source, an input filter capacitor, an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) of the DC/DC converter, a diode, an inductor, a capacitor and a load, and is used for adjusting power.
The inverter frequency modulation method of the wireless charging system comprises the steps of taking LabVIEW as an upper computer, taking DSP28335 as a controller of a core chip, sending a frequency instruction to the DSP controller through the LabVIEW for joint modulation to generate PWM waves, and then driving an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube of the inverter through an MOS tube driving circuit so as to control the frequency of the inverter. The load current is used as an outer loop control quantity, the voltage of the input filter capacitor is used as an inner loop control quantity, a double closed loop PID controller is formed, and as shown in figure 2, the power of the wireless charging system can be adjusted.
The frequency value is set on LabVIEW, and the maximum supported value is 65535 because LabVIEW supports maximum 16-bit unsigned binary data when conducting data, and the wireless charging system uses high-frequency alternating current with the frequency set as 85000 Hz. Therefore, only 850 g is taken from LabVIEW, and the data is split into the upper 8 bits and the lower 8 bits to be transmitted out, and the data is processed by 100 times in the DSP.
The DSP records the upper 8-bit data as temp1 and the lower 8-bit data as temp 2. The reduction operation is performed using the following formula:
SCI_frequence=temp1×256+temp2 (1)
the clock period in the DSP is 150MHz, and the PWM generation mode used in the system is a bilaterally symmetrical waveform with the count-up and the count-down. Thus, in the period setting, the following formula is given:
the simplification is as follows:
and the constraint processing is carried out in the DSP, so that the generated frequency is between 82kHz and 88 kHz.
Since the inverter is ensured to work in a soft switching state, the phase of the output current of the inverter is delayed from the phase of the voltage, namely, the circuit characteristic is inductive. By observing the inversion output voltage and output current waveforms, the frequency of the inverter is modulated in real time on LabVIEW, and a best frequency working point is found, so that the inversion output voltage and output current waveforms are good under the condition of realizing soft switching. As shown in fig. 3, the online real-time frequency modulation is implemented by a LabVIEW, a DSP controller and a MOS transistor driving circuit, wherein the LabVIEW includes a communication module, a frequency modulation module and a display module; an SCI serial communication mode is used between the LabVIEW communication module and the DSP controller; the operation of the fm module includes initialization, manual mode, and automatic mode.
As shown in fig. 4, the specific implementation process for online real-time optimization of the inverter frequency and the system power of the wireless charging system includes:
firstly, the correct COM port is selected on LabVIEW for communication.
Since the inverter is ensured to work in a soft switching state, the phase of the output current of the inverter is delayed from the phase of the voltage, namely, the circuit characteristic is inductive. By observing the inversion output voltage and the output current waveform, the frequency of the inverter is modulated in real time on LabVIEW, and a best frequency working point is found, so that soft switching is realized.
The initial frequency is set at 85kHz, when a system is checked to be correct, the principle of a manual mode is that the output voltage and the output current of an inverter are observed by electrifying, the control target is that the current phase lags behind the voltage phase, if the target cannot be reached, the inverter frequency is finely adjusted, whether the control target is reached or not is judged, if the control target is not reached, the adjustment is continued, if the target is reached, the adjustment is finished, and if the target working point cannot be found after the modulation is carried out for k times, the system problem needs to be checked again.
The principle of the automatic mode is to define the ratio of the power loss at the inverter to the input power of the system as ShDefinition of ShIs Sk. Defining the frequency working interval as [82,88 ]]kHz. The interval step is 0.1, and a frequency array is established: 82kHz,82.1kHz, …,87.8kHz,87.9kHz,88 kHz. Calculating S corresponding to all frequencieshWill ShThe values are sorted in ascending order. If S is presenthIs less than or equal to the target value SkThen choose the smallest ShAnd the frequency corresponding to the value is the working frequency of the system, the working frequency is displayed on the LabVIEW, a normal indication signal is displayed on the LabVIEW, if the working frequency does not exist, the system problem needs to be checked again, and an error indication signal is displayed on the LabVIEW.
After finding the optimal frequency point of the wireless charging system, under the current input voltage level, controlling the power of the wireless charging system by controlling the load current, increasing a current reference value on LabVIEW to control the wireless charging system, observing the output voltage and the output current waveform of an inverter, if the waveform is stable, continuing to increase, if the waveform oscillates, not increasing, and enabling the wireless charging system to stably operate under controllable maximum power.
The above description is only exemplary of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for optimizing inverter frequency and system power of a wireless charging system on line in real time is characterized in that the wireless charging system comprises a primary side and a secondary side; the primary side consists of an inverter, a primary LCC compensation network and an energy transmitting coil; the secondary side consists of an energy receiving coil, a secondary LCC compensation network, a full-bridge rectification circuit, a DC/DC circuit and a controller; the DC/DC circuit comprises an input current source, an input filter capacitor, an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) of the DC/DC converter, a diode, an inductor, a capacitor and a load, and is used for adjusting power; the controller adopts double closed-loop PID control, an outer loop controls load current, and an inner loop controls voltage input to a filter capacitor; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the frequency of the inverter is optimized, and the system efficiency is improved: the online real-time frequency modulation is realized by a LabVIEW, a DSP controller and an MOS tube driving circuit, the LabVIEW is used as an upper computer, a frequency instruction is sent to the DSP controller through the LabVIEW for joint modulation to generate PWM waves, and then the MOS tube of the inverter is driven through the MOS tube driving circuit so as to control the frequency of the inverter, wherein the LabVIEW comprises a communication module, a frequency modulation module and a display module; the operation of the frequency modulation module comprises initialization, a manual mode and an automatic mode, wherein the initialization specifically comprises the following steps: after the correct COM port is configured, the initial frequency is set at 85kHz, and when the system checks that the system is error-free, the system frequency is modulated on line in real time; the manual mould body is as follows: electrifying to observe the output voltage and the output current of the inverter, wherein the control target is that the current phase lags behind the voltage phase, if the target cannot be reached, finely adjusting the inverter frequency, judging whether the control target is reached, if the control target is not reached, continuing to adjust, if the target is reached, ending the adjustment, and if the target working frequency cannot be found after modulating for k times, rechecking the system problem; the automatic mode specifically comprises: defining a ratio of a loss power on an inverter to an input power of a wireless charging system in a DSP controller as ShDefinition of ShMaximum allowable value is SkDefining a frequency operating interval of [82,88 ]]kHz, interval step length is 0.1, and a frequency array is established: 82kHz,82.1kHz, …,87.8kHz,87.9kHz and 88kHz, and calculating S corresponding to all frequencieshWill ShArranging values in an ascending order; if S is presenthIs less than or equal to the target value SkThen choose the smallest ShThe frequency corresponding to the value is the working frequency of the wireless charging system, and the working frequency is displayed to LabVIEWOn the display module, displaying a normal indication signal on the display module, if the normal indication signal does not exist, rechecking the system problem, and displaying an error indication signal on the display module;
(2) optimizing system power, and finding the maximum controllable power under the current input voltage level: the method comprises the steps that a power control module is arranged on the LabVIEW, the power of the wireless charging system is controlled by controlling load current under the current input voltage level, a current reference value is added to the LabVIEW to control the wireless charging system, the output voltage and the output current waveform of an inverter are observed, if the waveform is stable, the current reference value is continuously increased, if the waveform vibrates, the current reference value is not increased, and the wireless charging system is enabled to stably operate under the controllable maximum power.
2. The method for online real-time optimization of inverter frequency and system power of wireless charging system of claim 1, wherein SCI serial communication is used between the communication module of LabVIEW and the DSP controller.
3. The method for optimizing the inverter frequency and the system power of the wireless charging system in real time on line according to claim 1, wherein the display module is used for displaying the communication state of the wireless charging system, the optimal working frequency value and the current power thereof on a LabVIEW.
4. The method for optimizing the inverter frequency and the system power of the wireless charging system in real time on line as claimed in claim 1, wherein the frequency value is set on LabVIEW, since LabVIEW supports maximum 16-bit unsigned binary data when conducting data, the maximum supported value is 65535, and the wireless charging system uses high-frequency alternating current with the frequency set as 85000 Hz; therefore, only 850 g is taken from LabVIEW, and the data is split into the upper 8 bits and the lower 8 bits to be transmitted out, and the data is processed by 100 times in the DSP controller.
5. The method for optimizing the inverter frequency and the system power of the wireless charging system in real time on line according to claim 1, wherein the clock cycle of the DSP controller is 150MHz, and the PWM generation mode used in the system is a bilateral symmetrical waveform with an increasing and decreasing count; and (4) performing constraint processing in the DSP controller so that the generated frequency is between 82kHz and 88 kHz.
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