CN108693087A - A kind of air quality monitoring method based on image understanding - Google Patents
A kind of air quality monitoring method based on image understanding Download PDFInfo
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- CN108693087A CN108693087A CN201810331851.2A CN201810331851A CN108693087A CN 108693087 A CN108693087 A CN 108693087A CN 201810331851 A CN201810331851 A CN 201810331851A CN 108693087 A CN108693087 A CN 108693087A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010039203 Road traffic accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000748 cardiovascular system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-aminobutyric acid Chemical compound NCCCC(O)=O BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of air quality monitoring methods based on image understanding, to solve existing PM2.5Mass concentration monitoring cost is high, monitoring range is limited, and monitoring process is by the larger problem of human interference.This method includes:Scene image acquisition module:Scene image information for acquiring object by picture pick-up device;Characteristic quantity acquisition module:For extracting luminance information from the scene image information, visibility characteristic quantity is calculated;Concentration acquisition module:For obtaining nitrogen dioxide mass concentration, relative air humidity calculates PM2.5Mass concentration.PM is utilized by acquiring gray haze image and extracting characteristic quantity using the present invention2.5Mass concentration calculation formula calculates PM2.5Mass concentration improves PM2.5The monitoring accuracy of mass concentration, is not limited by a space simultaneously, and data acquire simple and convenient, applicability higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of monitoring of air quality more particularly to a kind of PM based on image understanding2.5Mass concentration monitors
Method.
Background technology
With the increase of city industrialization index, the frequency that haze weather occurs is higher and higher, wherein the main generation of gray haze
Table index is PM2.5.It refers to the particulate matter that equivalent diameter is less than or equal to 2.5 microns in surrounding air, and feature is grain size
Small, area is big, activity is strong, easily subsidiary poisonous and harmful substances such as heavy metal, microorganism, and the residence time in an atmosphere is long, defeated
Send distance remote.PM2.5Mainly human respiratory and cardiovascular system are damaged, while haze weather also results in outdoor
Visibility reduces, and increases traffic accident probability.
Existing PM2.5Observation method mainly has on-line monitoring and off-line monitoring two ways, on-line monitoring mainly to use
The higher online equipment of the degree of automation can obtain the continuous monitoring data of high time resolution.Off-line monitoring is then by hand
The air sample of acquisition is subjected to weighing measurement.On-line monitoring can obtain real-time monitoring data, but due to equipment consumptive material
And regular maintenance cost is high, causes the spatial coverage of surface deployment website extremely limited.The data of off-line monitoring are accurate
Degree is high, but human interference is larger during actual experiment, and the temporal resolution of data is relatively low.
The patent of Publication No. CN105931220A discloses the traffic gray haze based on dark channel prior Yu minimum image entropy
Visibility monitoring method.In image characteristics extraction module, treats monitoring image I and handled by dark channel prior, it is saturating to obtain air
The rough estimate evaluation for penetrating rate carries out smooth micronization processes to transmissivity rough estimate evaluation using Steerable filter edge-smoothing operator, obtains
The depth information of each pixel;In road area extraction module, the road area in I, institute are extracted using region growing methods
It includes that initial seed point is arranged, setting target growth region, the minimum value for calculating neighboring gradation difference, judges target to state region to increase
Whether pixel is road area, update seed point;In visibility estimation module, the minimum image entropy in the region is calculated,
Extinction coefficient optimal value is obtained, gray haze visibility size is effectively estimated out.The invention can be effective by image processing techniques
Gray haze visibility size is estimated, but cannot further obtain accurate PM2.5Mass concentration.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of air quality monitoring methods based on image understanding, to solve existing PM2.5Concentration is supervised
Survey that of high cost, monitoring range is limited, monitoring process is by the larger problem of human interference.
In order to solve above-mentioned purpose, technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
A kind of PM based on image understanding2.5Mass concentration monitoring method, including:
S10:The scene image information of object is acquired by picture pick-up device;
S20:Luminance information is extracted from the scene image information, calculates visibility characteristic quantity
A=3.0 (lnC0/C)/L
Wherein, L is the object at a distance from the picture pick-up device, C be the object with the picture pick-up device away from
From for L when, the luminance contrast of object and the scene image background, C0For the bright of object and the scene image background
Spend contrast;
S30:Nitrogen dioxide mass concentration is obtained, relative air humidity calculates PM2.5Mass concentration value PM2.5=[1.304
(lnC0/C)/L-a-bNO2]/c(1-RH/100)-d
Wherein, a is constant, and b and c are regression coefficient, d PM2.5Moisture absorption growth factor coefficient, NO2It is dense for nitrogen dioxide
Degree, RH is relative air humidity.
Above-mentioned model is by basic theory formula:K=∑s εiCiPM is added in=3.912/V2.5,NO2With the environment such as RH because
After son and the characteristic quantity of above-mentioned visibility, the model finally stablized after successive ignition is fitted.Wherein K is delustring
Coefficient, εiFor the flatting efficiency of pollutant i, CiFor the concentration of environmental factor i, V is visibility.
Further, further include step:
Obtain the nitrogen dioxide mass concentration, relative air humidity online by environmental monitoring station.
Further, the step S10 further includes step:
By presetting the scene image information in road conditions camera monitoring system acquisition preset time period.
A kind of PM based on image understanding as described in claim 12.5Mass concentration monitors system, including:
Scene image acquisition module:Scene image information for acquiring object by picture pick-up device;
Characteristic quantity acquisition module:For extracting luminance information from the scene image information, visibility feature is calculated
Amount;
Concentration acquisition module:For obtaining nitrogen dioxide mass concentration, relative air humidity calculates PM2.5Mass concentration.
PM is utilized by acquiring gray haze image and extracting characteristic quantity using the present invention2.5Mass concentration calculation formula calculates
PM2.5Mass concentration improves PM2.5The monitoring accuracy of mass concentration, is not limited by a space simultaneously, and data acquisition is simple and convenient,
Applicability higher.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of PM based on image understanding provided by the invention2.5Mass concentration monitoring method flow chart;
Fig. 2 is the PM of the present invention2.5Mass concentration monitoring result and practical PM2.5The dependency diagram of mass concentration;
Fig. 3 is a kind of PM based on image understanding provided by the invention2.5Mass concentration monitors system construction drawing.
Specific implementation mode
Following is a specific embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention will be further described,
However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiments providing a kind of PM based on image understanding2.5Mass concentration monitoring method, including step
Suddenly:
S10:The scene image information of object is acquired by picture pick-up device;
S20:Luminance information is extracted from the scene image information, calculates visibility characteristic quantity;
S30:Nitrogen dioxide mass concentration is obtained, relative air humidity calculates PM2.5Mass concentration.
When there is haze weather, visibility significantly reduces, and is more than after a certain distance, the object of distant place is apparent
It can thicken, in the case of illumination in the daytime, the brightness for the object seen under different distance can change, step S10
In, picture pick-up device can be existing road conditions camera monitoring system, such as the traffic camera etc. on road, and gray haze day is occurring
When gas, it can be taken pictures by camera and obtain the scene image of the object in certain distance, by taking vehicle as an example, camera is to vehicle
It takes pictures, obtains the scene image of vehicle, wherein the background of the scene image is the vehicle that takes using gray haze as background
Information may also appear among the image.
In step S20, the calculation formula of visibility characteristic quantity A is
A=3.0 (lnC0/C)/L
Wherein, L is the object at a distance from the picture pick-up device, C be the object with the picture pick-up device away from
From for L when, the luminance contrast of object and the scene image background, C0For the bright of object and the scene image background
Spend contrast.
After camera collects the scene image for the object that distance is L, by handling image, mesh is extracted
Brightness and the background luminance for marking object, can obtain the luminance contrast C of object and image background in image.There are one objects
Initial constant brightness, in different distance, difference PM2.5In the case of mass concentration, object shows that brightness in the picture is sent out
It is raw to change, C0Indicate the contrast of the object initial constant brightness and background luminance.
In step S30, PM2.5Mass concentration is calculated by formula,
PM2.5=[1.304(lnC0/C)/L-a-bNO2]/c(1-RH/100)-d
Wherein, a is constant, and b and c are regression coefficient, d PM2.5Moisture absorption growth factor coefficient, NO2It is dense for nitrogen dioxide
Degree, RH is relative air humidity.
In above formula, a is constant, and b and c are regression coefficient, and regression coefficient indicates independent variable x to dependent variable in regression equation
Y influences the parameter of size, the numerical value finally stablized after successive ignition is fitted.
Nitrogen dioxide mass concentration is obtained with relative air humidity by environmental monitoring station's online equipment, and environmental monitoring station is
The unit that the air and wasteair monitoring report with legal effect can be provided can obtain real-time air quality number
According to providing accuracy higher air quality data.
As shown in Fig. 2, PM provided in this embodiment2.5Mass concentration monitoring result and practical PM2.5The correlation of mass concentration
Property schematic diagram.
Wherein, practical PM2.5Mass concentration is the PM that Hangzhou China city provides in January, 2013 to December2.5Mass concentration value
Data report, as abscissa, through this embodiment in the PM that is calculated2.5Mass concentration monitoring result as ordinate, from
Coefficient R can be obtained in figure2It is 0.81, the slope of straight line is 1.08, i.e. monitoring result in this implementation and practical PM2.5
Mass concentration has very high correlation.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of PM based on image understanding2.5Mass concentration monitors system, including:
Scene image acquisition module:Scene image information for acquiring object by picture pick-up device;
Characteristic quantity acquisition module:For extracting luminance information from the scene image information, visibility feature is calculated
Amount;
Concentration acquisition module:For obtaining nitrogen dioxide mass concentration, relative air humidity calculates PM2.5Mass concentration.
It in the case where gray haze occurs, between picture pick-up device and object when distance L, is imaged, is acquired by picture pick-up device
The scene image of object at this time.
Concentration acquisition module can with environmental monitoring station establish communicate to connect, come obtain real-time nitrogen dioxide mass concentration and
Relative air humidity data, and according to formula
PM2.5=[1.304(lnC0/C)/L-a-bNO2]/c(1-RH/100)-d
Obtain PM2.5Mass concentration.
By road conditions camera monitoring system, acquires gray haze image and extract characteristic quantity, utilize PM2.5Mass concentration calculates public
Formula calculates PM2.5Mass concentration improves PM2.5The monitoring accuracy of mass concentration, is not limited by a space simultaneously, data acquisition letter
Folk prescription just, applicability higher.
Specific embodiment described herein is only an example for the spirit of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention is led
The technical staff in domain can make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or replace by a similar method
In generation, however, it does not deviate from the spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of air quality monitoring method based on image understanding, which is characterized in that including:
S10:The scene image information of object is acquired by picture pick-up device;
S20:Luminance information is extracted from the scene image information, calculates visibility characteristic quantity
A=3.0 (lnC0/C)/L
Wherein, L is the object at a distance from the picture pick-up device, and C is the object and the picture pick-up device distance is L
When, the luminance contrast of object and the scene image background, C0For the brightness pair of object and the scene image background
Degree of ratio;
S30:Nitrogen dioxide mass concentration is obtained, relative air humidity calculates PM2.5Mass concentration
PM2.5=[1.304(lnC0/C)/L-a-bNO2]/c(1-RH/100)-d
Wherein, a is constant, and b and c are regression coefficient, d PM2.5Moisture absorption growth factor coefficient, NO2For content of nitrogen dioxide, RH is
Relative air humidity.
2. a kind of PM based on image understanding according to claim 12.5Mass concentration monitoring method, which is characterized in that also
Including step:
The nitrogen dioxide mass concentration, relative air humidity are obtained by environmental monitoring station's online equipment.
3. a kind of PM based on image understanding according to claim 12.5Mass concentration monitoring method, which is characterized in that institute
It further includes step to state step S10:
By presetting the scene image information in road conditions camera monitoring system acquisition preset time period.
4. a kind of PM based on image understanding as described in claim 12.5Mass concentration monitors system, which is characterized in that packet
It includes:
Scene image acquisition module:Scene image information for acquiring object by picture pick-up device;
Characteristic quantity acquisition module:For extracting luminance information from the scene image information, visibility characteristic quantity is calculated;
Concentration acquisition module:For obtaining nitrogen dioxide mass concentration, relative air humidity calculates PM2.5Mass concentration.
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| CN112297768A (en) * | 2020-10-31 | 2021-02-02 | 中环曼普科技(南京)有限公司 | Vehicle air conditioner control method and system based on visual identification |
| CN114624397A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-06-14 | 杭州翔毅科技有限公司 | Air quality monitoring method and device and computer readable storage medium |
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