CN108690071A - A kind of chloroacetic acid is the technique of the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate of raw material - Google Patents

A kind of chloroacetic acid is the technique of the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate of raw material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108690071A
CN108690071A CN201810362616.1A CN201810362616A CN108690071A CN 108690071 A CN108690071 A CN 108690071A CN 201810362616 A CN201810362616 A CN 201810362616A CN 108690071 A CN108690071 A CN 108690071A
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glyphosate
mixed solution
raw material
methanol
triethylamine
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田义群
杨爱兵
曹杰
胡波
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Hubei Taisheng Chemical Co Ltd
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Hubei Taisheng Chemical Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
    • C07F9/38Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
    • C07F9/3804Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)] not used, see subgroups
    • C07F9/3808Acyclic saturated acids which can have further substituents on alkyl
    • C07F9/3813N-Phosphonomethylglycine; Salts or complexes thereof

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

It is a kind of using monoxone as the technique of raw material alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate, belong to glyphosate synthesis technical field.Its feature is:With monoxone, formaldehyde(Paraformaldehyde), methanol, ammonia be raw material glyphosate precursor compound is obtained by the reaction, obtaining solid glyphosate active compound through over-churning, acidolysis, crystallization.The process for synthesizing glyphosate, directly as glyphosate production raw material, need not evade the process that glycine production link generates industrial wastewater using monoxone using glycine as raw material;Glyphosate synthesis flow is simplified, step is few, flow is short, and cost of material and operating cost are low;The yield of glyphosate synthesis byproduct in process object is reduced, and glyphosate yield gets a promotion 0.6%.

Description

A kind of chloroacetic acid is the technique of the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate of raw material
Technical field
It is specially a kind of using monoxone as the alkyl esterification method of starting point raw material grass the invention belongs to glyphosate production technical field Sweet phosphine synthetic method.
Background technology
Glyphosate is a kind of the efficient, less toxic of inner sucting conduction type, wide spectrum, steriland herbicide, and mainstream production method has 2 Kind, first, with the production method that iminodiacetic acid (IDA) is raw material, second is that using glycine, alkyl phosphite as raw material Production method.Foreign corporation based on Monsanto is substantially all to be produced using iminodiacetic acid (salt) acid system.The glyphosate in China Production is started in the eighties in last century.1987, it was main former that Shenyang Chemical Engineering Inst, which releases with glycine, dimethylphosphite, The glycine of material-alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate technique, the method process stabilizing, yield are fine, and solid glyphosate can be made, so Industrialization is realized quickly, and is quickly grown.But this method is not perfect in every way, it is well known that glycine and glyphosate Production process waste water yield is big, intractability is big, processing cost is high, it may be said that China is supplying glyphosate products for the world During paid huge resource and environmentally friendly cost.
China is glyphosate major producing country, and volume of production and marketing accounts for 60% or more the whole world.And glycine-alkyl esterification method in occupation of Leading position in domestic glyphosate industry, account for about national glyphosate production capacity 75%, actual production 80%.Therefore, constantly improve Alkyl esterification method glyphosate production technique has extremely strong realistic meaning for China.The present invention also exactly subtracts energy-saving Row, ecological ideas develop under this background the achievement for carrying out pilot development.
Alkyl esterification method and glycine-dimethylphosphite process introduction:Alkyl esterification method process for synthesizing glyphosate master at present To be glycine-dimethyl phosphate method, detailed process is:Make catalyst with triethylamine, paraformaldehyde solves in solvent methanol Consor carries out condensation reaction at hemiacetal, then with glycine, then is esterified with dimethylphosphite, and after through hydrolysis, precipitation Agent, depickling, crystallization, separation, drying obtain solid glyphosate.The route uses glycine as raw material, has the following disadvantages:1, The production of raw material glycine(Synthesis, refines separation)Will produce in the process a large amount of ammonium chlorides of a large amount of waste water, especially by-product and Its mother liquor, about 0.55 ton/ton of quantity, with the big spy of high organic content, ammonia-nitrogen content height, difficult for biological degradation, difficulty of governance Property.2, catalyst formaldehyde used in glycine production process cannot recycle use.Add formaldehyde in glycine building-up process(Or Methenamine)As catalyst, in waste liquid and glycine system, the formaldehyde in glycine needs residues of formaldehyde after the completion of reaction It is removed by refined, wastewater flow rate is big;Formaldehyde in waste liquid needs input great amount of cost to be handled.In addition, the synthesis road In line, synthesized from glycine again to glyphosate synthesis, entire process route is long, and equipment investment is big, and operating procedure is more, loss of material Greatly, side reaction is more, and raw material availability is low, and energy consumption is high, and operating cost is high.
CN102898467A discloses a kind of method of monoxone one pot process glyphosate, but there are two for this method Prodigious disadvantage, first, it generates hydramine using solid polyformaldehyde and methanol, ammonia reaction, due to the use of solid polyformaldehyde Reaction, slow, the halfway problem of depolymerization that there are depolymerization speed could be participated in after needing first depolymerization, thus changes step and generates alcohol ammonia The yield of positive reaction is low.Second is that the experimental program in the patent document is in glyphosate precursor hydroxymethylglycinate building-up process, Addition reaction(The so-called reaction for generating glycine formaldehyde condensation products i.e. in CN102898467A files)After the completion and then Dimethylphosphite is added and carries out esterification, this operation is the same with traditional glycine method synthesis technology scheme, recognizes in industry It can not be excessively high for this step addition reaction temperature in alkyl esterification method glyphosate method(Higher than 43 DEG C), otherwise can lead to the sweet ammonia of methylol Sour intermediate occurs side reaction and so that active principle is reduced and then reduce the yield of glyphosate, thus when reaction finishes cool down rapidly To 40 DEG C or so add dimethylphosphite or by be slowly directly added into dimethylphosphite control temperature it is not excessively high.
Invention content
This new departure solves problem above by innovation emphasis.In this new departure, subtract first, improving temperature by regulation and control The small depolymerization time improves depolymerization effect;Solid polyformaldehyde participation is substituted especially with the methanol solution of anhydrous formaldehyde Reaction, active constituent are hemiacetal and formaldehyde, active feature high, reaction speed is fast, reaction is thorough, therefore the throwing of aldehyde Enter less, react also more thoroughly, reduces discharge and the wastewater treatment load of formaldehyde.Meanwhile generating the high income of alcohol ammonia, the richness of ammonia Remaining excess reduces, and realizes and no longer generates ammonium chloride and its mother liquor.Moreover, because of the raising of carbinolamine step reaction yield, grass The final yield of sweet phosphine also improves.Second is that by the research to reaction mechanism, we thinks traditional glycine method synthesizing glyphosate Above-mentioned addition temperature control method and unreasonable, the glyphosate yield of this operating method is low.Before this new departure hydroxymethylglycinate New synthetic schemes is used in body building-up process, based on the new knowledge to reaction mechanism, using new temperature control measure:Reaction 50~ 80 minutes to material system by muddy bleach after, be rapidly heated to 50-56 DEG C, stirring, heat preservation 10s-20min, it is then fast again Speed is cooled to 40 DEG C or so, enters back into and the dimethylphosphite i.e. operation of temperature control is added in next step, and the operation of this temperature control is greatly decreased The generation of side reaction, it is ensured that the yield of glyphosate improves on year-on-year basis.Third, negative pressure is de- after this new departure obtains mixed solution D Except partial solvent methanol, then it is aided with cooling, two kinds of measure effects are lower to be precipitated hydrochloric acid triethylammonium salts crystal, then reuses removing Methanol washing, purifying triethylammonium salts crystal.Hydrochloric acid triethylammonium salts crystal is precipitated fully, and temperature condition is not also harsh.
The present invention provides a kind of using monoxone as the synthetic method of the alkyl esterification method glyphosate of starting material(Abbreviation chloroethene Acid-dimethyl phosphate method).Present invention solves the technical problem that have at 2 points, when by monoxone synthesize the technique of glycine with The process integration of glycine and dimethylphosphite synthesizing glyphosate is a technique, does not use glycine and is given birth to as glyphosate Produce raw material;Second is that according to catalyst in reaction process and the material characteristic of intermediate, is reduced and reacted by specific process Side reaction in the process improves raw material availability, improves the yield of product glyphosate.
Technical solution
The synthetic method and implementation steps of glyphosate provided by the present invention are as follows:
Using monoxone as raw material, make catalyst with methanol as solvent, with triethylamine, control temperature reacts 8 at 30~65 DEG C~ 30 minutes, triethylamine increased chloroethene acid activity, and synthesis obtains using monoxone triethylamine salt and its resets isomers as active ingredient Mixed solution A.
In above-mentioned steps 1, the molar ratio of material is:Monoxone:Triethylamine:Methanol=1:0.9~1.6:6~8.
0~15min of reaction is carried out at 10~50 DEG C as raw material using paraformaldehyde, methanol, or no water beetle that directly comes into operation The methanol solution of aldehyde keeps the temperature 0~5min at 10~40 DEG C, then is passed through ammonia, and 20~45min, synthesis are reacted at 0~40 DEG C It obtains using carbinolamine, dimethanolamine as the mixed solution B of active ingredient.
In above-mentioned steps 2, the molar ratio of material is:Formaldehyde:Methanol:Ammonia=1:1~3:0.45~0.6.
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps 2, formaldehyde source selects the methanol solution of anhydrous formaldehyde.
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps 2, when leading to ammonia reaction, control system pressure is positive pressure, to reduce the volatilization of material, is promoted It is carried out into positive reaction.
The mixed solution B of above-mentioned steps 2 is added in the mixed solution A of above-mentioned steps 1, reacts 10 at 0~30 DEG C It~30 minutes, after liquid-phase chromatographic analysis confirms that monoxone peak disappears, maintains the temperature at 0~30 DEG C and is added into system into three second Amine adjusts pH value between 7.0~9.0.
40~45 DEG C are then heated to, is at the same time gradually added into a small amount of paraformaldehyde several times or continuously(Or nothing The methanol solution of water beetle aldehyde), react 50~80 minutes, until material system is by muddy bleach, it is hydroxyl first to obtain active ingredient The intermediates such as base glycine(Glyphosate precursor)Mixed solution C.Then it is rapidly heated to 50-56 DEG C, stirring, heat preservation 10s- Then 20min is cooled to rapidly 40 DEG C or so again, enter back into and the dimethylphosphite i.e. operation of temperature control is added in next step.
In above-mentioned steps 3, the molar ratio of material is:Monoxone:Triethylamine:Paraformaldehyde:Dimethylphosphite= 1:0.1~1.1:0~1:1~1.4.
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps 3 formaldehyde source select anhydrous formaldehyde methanol solution.
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps 3, when reaction, control system pressure is positive pressure, to reduce the volatilization of material, is promoted just Reaction carries out.
Preferably, triethylamine is added in step 3 adjusts pH value between 7.5~8.5.
Think that this step addition reaction temperature can not be excessively high in alkyl esterification method glyphosate method, is higher than in this step, in industry 45 DEG C can cause hydroxymethylglycinate intermediate that side reaction occurs and so that active principle is reduced and then reduce the yield of glyphosate, because And it reacts the when of finishing and takes the rapid operation scheme for being cooled to 40 DEG C or so.And in the present solution, based on recognizing the new of reaction mechanism Know, using new temperature control measure:Reaction 50~80 minutes to material system by muddy bleach after, be rapidly heated to 50-56 DEG C, Stirring, heat preservation 10s-20min, promote hemiacetal remaining in elimination system, formaldehyde, are then cooled to 40 DEG C or so rapidly again, Entering the operation that dimethylphosphite, that is, temperature control is added in next step.
Into the mixed solution C of above-mentioned steps 3, a certain amount of dimethylphosphite is added, is warming up to 50~55 DEG C, heat preservation A small amount of triethylamine is added after a period of time with regulation system pH value to 7.0~8.8.Then again at 50~55 DEG C reaction 60~ 110 minutes, it was the organic phosphines intermediates such as N- dimethyl esters (phosphonomethyl) glycines to obtain main component(Glyphosate precursor)'s Mixed solution D.
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps 4, the time for adding triethylamine is heat preservation 10min or so, and aforementioned pH value range is 7.2 ~8.0.It is further preferred that after adding triethylamine adjusting pH, then add a small amount of dimethylphosphite.
In above-mentioned steps 4, the molar ratio of material is:Monoxone:Triethylamine:Dimethylphosphite=1:0.01-0.1 :1~1.4.
Mixed solution D is squeezed into reactor 4, in 10~65 DEG C and vacuum(Negative pressure)Lower removing partial solvent methanol, control Time 0-60min processed is subsequently cooled to 0 ~ 20 DEG C, and hydrochloric acid triethylammonium salts crystal is precipitated.
Vacuum(Negative pressure)It is back to use step 1 and step 2 after the condensed device condensation of the methanol of removing, or described for cleaning Hydrochloric acid triethylammonium salts crystal.
Hydrochloric acid triethylammonium salts crystal will be precipitated using measures such as filtering, centrifugations and supernatant detaches, and using a small amount of The methanol or triethylamine of fresh methanol or aforementioned condensing recovery wash the hydrochloric acid triethylammonium salts crystal isolated, and obtain three Ethylamine hydrochloride.Triethylamine hydrochloride is neutralized using liquid caustic soda, triethylamine can be obtained through stratification, is back to use aforementioned step Rapid 1 and step 4.
When being washed using the methanol or fresh methanol of aforementioned condensing recovery, cleaning solution is merged into isolated In supernatant, mixed solution E is obtained.When being washed using triethylamine, cleaning solution is subjected to flash separation, flash separation goes out Gas phase be triethylamine, be back to glyphosate synthesis after condensation;Remaining liquid is phosphorus-containing matter after flash distillation, is merged into In isolated supernatant, mixed solution E is obtained.
Mixed solution E is refined, dry through acidolysis, crystallization, washing again, obtains solid glyphosate active compound.
In technical solution of the present invention, the various total molar ratios of material are during glyphosate synthesis:Monoxone:Poly first Aldehyde:Ammonia:Dimethylphosphite:Triethylamine:Methanol=1:2~3.4:1~1.2:1~1.4:1.1~2.25:8~14.
Gained glyphosate technicals are analyzed according to GB 12686-2004, and 95.0% or more glyphosate content, formaldehyde etc. is residual It stays object qualified, reaches high-class product standard.Glyphosate technicals yield in terms of monoxone reaches 75.2% or more, in active compound and mother liquor Glyphosate adds up to yield to reach 80% or more, and the yield of year-on-year glycine-dimethylphosphite technique also promotes 0.6% or so.
Technical scheme of the present invention has the advantages that
1, the monoxone-dimethyl phosphate method process for synthesizing glyphosate method is using monoxone as starting material, it is no longer necessary to Using glycine as raw material, evades glycine production link and has led to the problem of a large amount of industrial wastewaters, reduced the generation of waste water, Especially production process no longer generates ammonium chloride and its mother liquor.
2, glyphosate synthesis flow has been simplified, low equipment investment reduces cost of material and operating cost, production cost tool It is advantageous.
3, thrown formaldehyde can further participate in reaction in step 3 in step 2, be fully used, relative to sweet ammonia Its catalyst formaldehyde in sour production process(Or paraformaldehyde, methenamine)It cannot recycle using for this point, material(Money Source)Utilization rate is high, and reduces discharge and the wastewater treatment load of formaldehyde.In step 2, it can control formaldehyde relatively excessive, promote It is reacted completely into the ammonia being passed through, reduces the more than needed of ammonia to the greatest extent, final realize no longer generates ammonium chloride and its mother liquor.
4, micro-adjustment, charging are segmented by the temperature control that heats up after the use of the methanol solution of anhydrous formaldehyde, addition, system pH Mode such as controls at the concrete technologies scheme, reduces the yield for increasing the byproducts such as sweet phosphorus, methylol glyphosate, and glyphosate yield obtains Promote 0.6% or so.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart for the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate that chloroacetic acid of the present invention is raw material.
Fig. 2 is the process flow chart for the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate that another chloroacetic acid of the invention is raw material.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
1 bottom of reaction kettle passes through pipeline and 3 top attachment of reaction kettle;1 top of reaction kettle and anhydrous chloroacetic acid, methanol, triethylamine Measuring tank couples respectively.
2 bottom of reaction kettle passes through pipeline and 3 top attachment of reaction kettle;The top of reaction kettle 2 and methanol, paraformaldehyde or(Nothing The methanol solution of water beetle aldehyde)Measuring tank couples respectively;2 top of reaction kettle also couples with ammonia pipeline.
3 bottom of reaction kettle passes through pipeline and 4 top attachment of reaction kettle.3 top of reaction kettle and triethylamine, phosphorous acid diformazan Ester, paraformaldehyde or(The methanol solution of anhydrous formaldehyde)Measuring tank couples respectively.
4 top of reaction kettle couples with vacuum plant, and vacuum plant another port couples with condenser.4 bottom of reaction kettle with Glyphosate washes material device connection.
As the explanation to attached drawing 1:The function of reaction kettle 3 can also be taken on by reaction kettle 1, i.e.,:Both it can will mix molten Liquid A, mixed solution B are pumped into reaction kettle 3 and mixed solution C are obtained by the reaction, and can also be pumped into mixed solution B in reaction kettle 1 and mix It closes solution A and mixed solution C is obtained by the reaction.
The function of reactor 4 can also be taken on by reaction kettle 3.Further, when the function of reaction kettle 3 is carried on a shoulder pole by reaction kettle 1 At that time, the function of reactor 4 was also taken on by reaction kettle 1.
Embodiment 2
1 bottom of reaction kettle passes through pipeline and 3 top attachment of reaction kettle;1 top of reaction kettle and anhydrous chloroacetic acid, methanol, triethylamine Measuring tank couples respectively.
2 bottom of reaction kettle passes through pipeline and 3 top attachment of reaction kettle;The top of reaction kettle 2 and methanol, paraformaldehyde or(Nothing The methanol solution of water beetle aldehyde)Measuring tank couples respectively;2 top of reaction kettle also couples with ammonia pipeline.
3 bottom of reaction kettle passes through pipeline and 4 top attachment of reaction kettle.3 top of reaction kettle and triethylamine, phosphorous acid diformazan Ester, paraformaldehyde or(The methanol solution of anhydrous formaldehyde)Measuring tank couples respectively.
4 top of reaction kettle couples with vacuum plant, and vacuum plant another port couples with condenser.4 bottom of reaction kettle with The equipment for separating liquid from solid such as filter press, centrifuge, suction strainer slot couple.
The liquid outlet opening of the equipment for separating liquid from solid and 5 top attachment of reaction kettle, the solids exit of equipment for separating liquid from solid Mouth couples with triethylamine hydrochloride collecting tank.
5 bottom of reaction kettle passes through pipeline and 6 top attachment of reaction kettle;5 top of reaction kettle also couples with hydrochloric acid measuring tank.
6 bottom of reaction kettle is washed material device with glyphosate and is coupled.
Special declaration:
1, the function of reaction kettle 3 can also be taken on by reaction kettle 1, i.e.,:Both mixed solution A, mixed solution B can be pumped into reaction Mixed solution C is obtained by the reaction in kettle 3, mixed solution B can also be pumped into reaction kettle 1 be obtained by the reaction with mixed solution A mix it is molten Liquid C.Under such situation, 1 bottom of reaction kettle by pipeline and 3 top attachment of reaction kettle, 1 top of reaction kettle and anhydrous chloroacetic acid, Methanol, triethylamine, dimethylphosphite, paraformaldehyde or(The methanol solution of anhydrous formaldehyde)Measuring tank couples respectively.
2, the function of reactor 4 can also be taken on by reaction kettle 3.Further, when the function of reaction kettle 3 is by reaction kettle 1 When taking on, the function of reactor 4 is also taken on by reaction kettle 1.
The process route that attached drawing using the present invention carries out is as follows:
Embodiment 3:
3.0mol methanol, 0.6mol triethylamines are added in reaction kettle 1, then add 0.5mol anhydrous chloroacetic acids, temperature control 30~35 It is reacted 20 minutes at DEG C, is then cooled to room temperature, obtains mixed solution A.3.0mol methanol is added in reaction kettle 2, then is added 1.2mol paraformaldehydes react 15min at 30 DEG C, are slowly introducing ammonia, control gauge pressure 100KPa, temperature 15- in reaction kettle Lead to ammonia 0.55mol at 20 DEG C, has led to reaction 30 minutes, obtained mixed solution B.Mixed solution A and mixed solution B are beaten toward reaction In kettle 3, in positive pressure(100KPa), react 20 minutes at 10~15 DEG C, the triethylamine that 0.4mol is added into system adjusts pH value To 8.2,40~43 DEG C are warming up to, is at the same time continuously gradually added into the paraformaldehyde of about 0.25mol, reacts object after sixty minutes Material system bleach obtains the mixed solution C that main component is the intermediates such as hydroxymethylglycinate.Then it is rapidly heated to 50- 56 DEG C, then stirring, heat preservation 1min are cooled to rapidly 40 DEG C or so again, enter back into addition dimethylphosphite in next step and control The operation of temperature.The dimethylphosphite of 0.62mol is added, 50~53 DEG C of temperature control adds a small amount of triethylamine after keeping the temperature 5min With regulation system pH value to 8.0.Then it is reacted 70 minutes at 50~53 DEG C again, it is N- dimethyl esters phosphonos to obtain main component The mixed solution D of the organic phosphines intermediate such as ylmethyl glycine.Mixed solution D is squeezed into reaction kettle 4, in vacuum degree 60- Separating methanol 10min at 94KPa and 35-45 DEG C is subsequently cooled to 15 DEG C hereinafter, the hydrochloric acid triethylammonium salts that are precipitated of centrifugation removal are brilliant Body, successively using the methanol and fresh methanol rinses triethylammonium salts crystal of removing condensation.Cleaning solution is merged into isolated In supernatant, mixed solution E is obtained.30% hydrochloric acid 1.6mol is added into mixed solution E, through acidolysis, is crystallized, is washed material, drying, Obtain solid glyphosate active compound, solid glyphosate yield(In terms of monoxone)Yield is 69.2%, and mother liquor glyphosate converts into yield It is 4.6%, glyphosate total recovery is 74.0%.
Embodiment 4:
3.0mol methanol, 0.6mol triethylamines are added in reaction kettle 1, then add 0.5mol anhydrous chloroacetic acids, temperature control 30~35 It is reacted 20 minutes at DEG C, is then cooled to room temperature, obtains mixed solution A.75g paraformaldehyde depolymerization liquid is added in reaction kettle 2 (That is the methanol solution of anhydrous formaldehyde, content of formaldehyde about 48%, methanol content about 52%, water content are less than 0.5%), add methanol 1.9mol mixes 1min, in positive pressure at 20 DEG C(100KPa), slowly lead to ammonia 0.6mol at 15-20 DEG C of temperature, lead to and reacted 30 Minute, obtain mixed solution B.Mixed solution A and mixed solution B are beaten into reaction kettle 3, in positive pressure(100KPa), at 10 DEG C Reaction 20 minutes, the triethylamine added into system into 0.43mol adjust pH value to 8.2, are warming up to 40~43 DEG C, at the same time It is continuously gradually added into the paraformaldehyde of 0.2mol, material system becomes as clear as crystal after reaction 65 minutes, obtains main component For the mixed solution C of the intermediates such as hydroxymethylglycinate.Then it is rapidly heated to 50-56 DEG C, stirring, heat preservation 15min, then again 40 DEG C or so are cooled to rapidly, enters back into and the dimethylphosphite i.e. operation of temperature control is added in next step.It is added again into reaction kettle 3 The dimethylphosphite of 0.62mol, 50~53 DEG C of temperature control are added a small amount of triethylamine and are arrived with regulation system pH value after keeping the temperature 5min 8.0.Then it is reacted 70 minutes at 50~53 DEG C again, obtain main component has for N dimethyl esters (phosphonomethyl) glycines etc. The mixed solution D of machine phosphine intermediate.Mixed solution D is squeezed into reaction kettle 4, is taken off at vacuum degree 60-94KPa and 35-45 DEG C Methanol 10min is subsequently cooled to 15 DEG C hereinafter, the hydrochloric acid triethylammonium salts crystal that centrifugation removal is precipitated, successively uses removing condensation Methanol and fresh methanol rinses triethylammonium salts crystal.Cleaning solution is merged into isolated supernatant, obtains mixing molten Liquid E.30% hydrochloric acid 1.60mol is added into mixed solution E, through acidolysis, is crystallized, is washed material, drying, obtains solid glyphosate active compound, Solid glyphosate yield(In terms of monoxone)Yield is 73.4%, and it is 5.8% that mother liquor glyphosate, which converts into yield, glyphosate total recovery It is 79.2%.
Embodiment 5:
3mol methanol, 0.6mol triethylamines are added in reaction kettle 1, then add 0.5mol anhydrous chloroacetic acids, 30~35 DEG C of temperature control Lower reaction 20 minutes, is then cooled to room temperature, obtains mixed solution A.75g paraformaldehyde depolymerization liquid is added in reaction kettle 2(I.e. The methanol solution of anhydrous formaldehyde, content of formaldehyde about 48%, methanol content about 52%, water content are less than 0.5%), add methanol 1.8mol mixes 1min, in positive pressure at 20 DEG C(100KPa), slowly lead to ammonia 0.6mol at 15-20 DEG C of temperature, lead to and reacted 30 Minute, obtain mixed solution B.Mixed solution B is beaten and is mixed with mixed solution A into reaction kettle 1, in positive pressure (100KPa), react 20 minutes at 10 DEG C, the triethylamine into 0.45mol is added into system and adjusts pH value to 8.4, temperature control 40~ 43 DEG C, 0.2mol paraformaldehydes are at the same time continuously gradually added into, material system is obtained by muddy bleach after reaction 65 minutes To the mixed solution C that main component is the intermediates such as hydroxymethylglycinate.Then it is rapidly heated to 50-56 DEG C, stirring, heat preservation Then 10min is cooled to rapidly 40 DEG C or so again, enter back into and the dimethylphosphite i.e. operation of temperature control is added in next step.Again to In reaction kettle 1 be added 0.65mol dimethylphosphite, 50~53 DEG C of temperature control, keep the temperature 10min after add a small amount of triethylamine with Regulation system pH value is to 8.0.Then it is reacted 70 minutes at 50~53 DEG C again, it is N- dimethyl esters phosphonos to obtain main component The mixed solution D of the organic phosphines intermediate such as methylglycine.Reaction kettle 1 is controlled to take off at vacuum degree 60-90KPa and 35-45 DEG C Except methanol 20min, 15 DEG C are subsequently cooled to hereinafter, the hydrochloric acid triethylammonium salts crystal that centrifugation removal is precipitated, successively cold using removing Solidifying methanol and fresh methanol rinses triethylammonium salts crystal.Cleaning solution is merged into isolated supernatant, is mixed Solution E.30% hydrochloric acid 1.6mol is added into mixed solution E, through acidolysis, crystallizes, wash material, drying, obtains solid glyphosate original Medicine, solid glyphosate yield(In terms of monoxone)Yield is 75.1%, and it is 5.2% that mother liquor glyphosate, which converts into yield, and glyphosate is total Yield is 80.3%.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of chloroacetic acid is the technique of the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate of raw material, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
(1)Using monoxone as raw material, using methanol as solvent, using triethylamine as catalyst, mixed solution A is obtained after reaction;
(2)After using paraformaldehyde, methanol as raw material hybrid reaction, then it is passed through ammonia and mixed solution B is obtained by the reaction;
(3)By above-mentioned steps(2)Mixed solution B and above-mentioned steps(1)Mixed solution A mixed, mended after being stirred to react Add triethylamine to adjust pH value between 7.0~9.0, while paraformaldehyde is added, mixed solution C is obtained after reaction;
(4)To above-mentioned steps(3)Mixed solution C in, be added dimethylphosphite, triethylamine, regulation system are added after heating PH value obtains mixed solution D to being reacted after 7.0~8.8;
(5)By above-mentioned steps(4)Mixed solution D remove solvent methanol, cooling, the hydrochloric acid triethylammonium salts crystal of precipitation, washing Supernatant is isolated, supernatant is refined, dry through acidolysis, crystallization, washing, obtains solid glyphosate active compound.
2. chloroacetic acid described in claim 1 is the technique of the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate of raw material, which is characterized in that step (1)In, it is reacted 8~30 minutes at 30~65 DEG C of temperature after monoxone, methanol, triethylamine mixing, the molar ratio of material For:Monoxone:Triethylamine:Methanol=1:0.9~1.6:6~8.
3. chloroacetic acid described in claim 1 is the technique of the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate of raw material, which is characterized in that described The step of(2)Middle paraformaldehyde can be replaced by the alcoholic solution of anhydrous formaldehyde;The step(2)In, paraformaldehyde or anhydrous The alcoholic solution of formaldehyde carries out with methanol at 10~50 DEG C reacting 0~15min, then is passed through ammonia, is reacted under the conditions of 0~40 DEG C 20~45min.
4. the chloroacetic acid described in claim 1 or 3 is the technique of the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate of raw material, which is characterized in that Controlling the mixed molar ratio of each material is:Formaldehyde:Methanol:Ammonia=1:1~3:0.45~0.6.
5. chloroacetic acid described in claim 1 is the technique of the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate of raw material, which is characterized in that described The step of(3)Middle paraformaldehyde can be replaced by the alcoholic solution of anhydrous formaldehyde;After mixed solution B is mixed with mixed solution A Reacted 10~30 minutes under the conditions of 0~30 DEG C, then add triethylamine and adjust pH value between 7.0~9.0, then temperature control 40~ 45 DEG C, while the methanol solution of paraformaldehyde or anhydrous formaldehyde is added, it reacts 50~80 minutes, obtains mixed solution C.
6. the chloroacetic acid described in claim 1 or 5 is the technique of the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate of raw material, which is characterized in that The step(3)Middle triethylamine, paraformaldehyde are relative to step(1)The chloroacetic relationship of feeding intake of middle addition is:Material Molar ratio controls:Monoxone:Triethylamine:Paraformaldehyde=1:0.1~1.1:0~1.
7. the chloroacetic acid described in claim 1 or 5 is the technique of the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate of raw material, which is characterized in that Mixed solution C is rapidly heated to 50-56 DEG C, 30-40 DEG C is cooled to rapidly after stirring, heat preservation 10s-20min, enters back into next Step is added in the operating procedure of dimethylphosphite, that is, temperature control.
8. chloroacetic acid described in claim 1 is the technique of the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate of raw material, which is characterized in that step (4)In, into mixed solution C, dimethylphosphite is added, is warming up to 50~55 DEG C, keep the temperature add after 1-10min triethylamine with Then regulation system pH value reacts 60~110 minutes at 50~55 DEG C to 7.0~8.8, obtains mixed solution D.
9. the chloroacetic acid described in claim 1 or 8 is the technique of the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate of raw material, which is characterized in that The step(4)Middle triethylamine, dimethylphosphite are relative to step(1)The chloroacetic relationship of feeding intake of middle addition is:
The molar ratio of material is:Monoxone:Triethylamine:Dimethylphosphite=1:0.01-0.1:1~1.4.
10. chloroacetic acid described in claim 1 is the technique of the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate of raw material, which is characterized in that step Suddenly(4)In, mixed solution D is removed into partial solvent methanol, control time 0- under 10~65 DEG C and absolute pressure 0-100KPa 60min is subsequently cooled to 0 ~ 20 DEG C, and hydrochloric acid triethylammonium salts crystal and supernatant is precipitated.
CN201810362616.1A 2018-04-20 2018-04-20 A kind of chloroacetic acid is the technique of the alkyl esterification method synthesizing glyphosate of raw material Pending CN108690071A (en)

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CN101891763A (en) * 2009-05-19 2010-11-24 李其奎 Production method of N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine
CN102898467A (en) * 2012-09-14 2013-01-30 太原理工大学 One-pot synthesis method for glyphosate from chloroacetic acid

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