CN108689384A - A kind of composite hydrogen storage material and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

A kind of composite hydrogen storage material and its preparation method and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108689384A
CN108689384A CN201810960442.9A CN201810960442A CN108689384A CN 108689384 A CN108689384 A CN 108689384A CN 201810960442 A CN201810960442 A CN 201810960442A CN 108689384 A CN108689384 A CN 108689384A
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hydrogen
hydrogen storage
storage material
composite
mgh
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CN108689384B (en
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韩树民
丁振民
彭丹丹
付垚坤
王羽
毕佳
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Yanshan University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
    • C01B3/001Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
    • C01B3/0078Composite solid storage mediums, i.e. coherent or loose mixtures of different solid constituents, chemically or structurally heterogeneous solid masses, coated solids or solids having a chemically modified surface region
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32Hydrogen storage

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of composite hydrogen storage materials, by weight, including following components:MgCNi310~40 parts by weight;MgH260~90 parts by weight.The composite hydrogen storage material has the advantages that hydrogen discharging temperature is low, hydrogen discharging rate is fast and hydrogen desorption capacity is high.Record according to the embodiment, composite hydrogen storage material of the present invention is under 300 DEG C of hydrogen discharging temperature, and 20min is the hydrogen desorption capacity that can reach 2.776wt%, according to TPD performance tests it is found that the composite hydrogen storage material can start hydrogen release, purer MgH at 200 DEG C2Hydrogen discharging temperature reduce 160 DEG C.The present invention also provides the preparation method of the composite hydrogen storage material, the preparation method is simple, raw material is easy to get, of low cost.

Description

A kind of composite hydrogen storage material and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydrogen storage material technical field more particularly to a kind of composite hydrogen storage material and preparation method thereof and answer With.
Background technology
As society continues to develop, the mankind are increasing to the demand of the energy.The fossils such as coal, oil, natural gas at present The energy is still main energy sources, but fossil energy is non-renewable resources, and the limited and thermal efficiency of storage is relatively low, while fossil energy A large amount of uses, also create serious problem of environmental pollution.Therefore, finding a kind of novel energy and substituting fossil energy also becomes The development trend of energy source use.Hydrogen Energy derives from a wealth of sources in nature as a kind of secondary energy sources of Novel clean, causes people Extensive concern, but the practical application of Hydrogen Energy is there are still problems at present, and how efficiently to store hydrogen is to restrict Hydrogen Energy One of key factor of practical application, in numerous hydrogen storage materials, magnesium-base hydrogen storage material is since its density is small, hydrogen storage content Greatly, rich reserves, it is cheap the advantages that be considered as ideal one of hydrogen storage material, but the life of pure magnesium hydride Larger at enthalpy, suction hydrogen desorption kinetics performance is poor, and suction hydrogen discharging temperature is higher (generally at 300 DEG C or more), limits Mg-base hydrogen-bearing The use of material.
The hydrogen storage property for how improving magnesium-base hydrogen storage material has become the hot issue of Mg-base hydrogen-bearing research field, studies table Bright, additive doping vario-property is to improve MgH2One effective ways of hydrogen storage property.In 201410677464.6 State's invention patent discloses the xMgH that composite material is Pd doping2-TiH2Compound, with pure MgH2Compared to initial hydrogen discharging temperature It is greatly improved, but no matter individually adds TiH2Or it is all very small that Pd hydrogen desorption capacities are added, just meeting when only containing two kinds of additives Show preferable hydrogen release effect;And Pd is noble metal, it is difficult to be applied on a large scale, this will reduce Mg base composite hydrogen storage materials The practical value of material.It discloses a kind of magnesium hydride application No. is 201310259727.7 Chinese invention patent and contains iron sulfide Composite hydrogen storage material and preparation method thereof, by magnesium metal hydride MgH2Contain iron sulfide with mass fraction for 10~30wt% Composition, with pure MgH2It all makes moderate progress compared to the rate and sucking/placing hydrogen amount for inhaling hydrogen release, but finds the isothermal dehydrogenation at 300 DEG C Amount is only 1.2wt%, cannot meet practical application.It follows that in the prior art it is difficult to ensure that magnesium-base hydrogen storage material is reducing While hydrogen discharging temperature, there is higher hydrogen desorption capacity.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of composite hydrogen storage material and its preparation method and application, the composite hydrogen-storage material Material has higher hydrogen desorption capacity under lower hydrogen discharging temperature.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of composite hydrogen storage materials, by weight, including following components:
MgCNi310~40 parts by weight
MgH260~90 parts by weight.
Preferably, the composite hydrogen storage material, by weight, including following components:
MgCNi320~30 parts by weight
MgH270~80 parts by weight.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the composite hydrogen storage material, include the following steps:
By MgCNi3And MgH2Mixing carries out ball milling, obtains composite hydrogen storage material.
Preferably, the ball milling carries out in argon gas atmosphere, and the pressure of the argon gas is 0.05~0.15MPa.
Preferably, the ball material mass ratio of the ball milling is (25~40):1, the rotating speed of the ball milling is 300~500r/ min。
Preferably, the time of the ball milling is 5~20h.
Preferably, the ball milling is intermittent ball milling, the intermittent ball milling be per ball milling 10~20min, interval 10~ 20min。
The present invention also provides the composite hydrogen storage material or the composite hydrogen storage materials being prepared by the preparation method Application in hydrogen storage field.
Preferably, the hydrogen discharging temperature of the composite hydrogen storage material is 200~330 DEG C;The suction hydrogen of the composite hydrogen storage material Temperature is 100~200 DEG C.
The present invention provides a kind of composite hydrogen storage materials, by weight, including following components:MgCNi310~40 weight Part;MgH260~90 parts by weight.The composite hydrogen storage material is due to MgCNi3It can be in MgH during multiplicity reactivation2Surrounding is in situ The magnesium ni-mh compound with inducing action and the carbonizable substance with lubricating action are generated, and then promotes MgH2Suction hydrogen release Performance.Make it have the advantage that hydrogen discharging temperature is low, hydrogen discharging rate is fast and hydrogen desorption capacity is high.Record according to the embodiment, institute of the present invention The composite hydrogen storage material stated is under 300 DEG C of hydrogen discharging temperature, and 20min is the hydrogen desorption capacity that can reach 2.776wt%, according to TPD It can test it is found that the composite hydrogen storage material can start hydrogen release, purer MgH at 200 DEG C2Hydrogen discharging temperature reduce 160 ℃。
The present invention also provides the preparation method of the composite hydrogen storage material, the preparation method is simple, raw material is easy to get, at This is cheap.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the composite hydrogen storage material and pure MgH that embodiment 1 is prepared2Comparison hydrogen release at 330 DEG C, 0.1MPa Rate profile;
Fig. 2 is the composite hydrogen storage material and pure MgH that embodiment 2 is prepared2Comparison hydrogen release at 320 DEG C, 0.1MPa Rate profile;
Fig. 3 is the composite hydrogen storage material and pure MgH that embodiment 3 is prepared2Comparison hydrogen release at 300 DEG C, 0.1MPa Rate profile;
Fig. 4 is the composite hydrogen storage material and pure MgH that embodiment 4 is prepared2Hydrogen speed is inhaled in comparison at 200 DEG C, 3MPa Rate curve graph;
Fig. 5 is the composite hydrogen storage material and pure MgH that embodiment 5 is prepared2Hydrogen speed is inhaled in comparison at 150 DEG C, 3MPa Rate curve graph;
Fig. 6 is the composite hydrogen storage material and pure MgH that embodiment 6 is prepared2Hydrogen speed is inhaled in comparison at 100 DEG C, 3MPa Rate curve graph;
Fig. 7 is the composite hydrogen storage material and pure MgH that embodiment 7 is prepared2TPD contrast curves.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention provides a kind of composite hydrogen storage materials, by weight, including following components:
MgCNi310~40 parts by weight
MgH260~90 parts by weight.
In the present invention, if without specified otherwise, the components of all raw materials is well known to the skilled person commercially available Product.
In the present invention, the composite hydrogen storage material includes the MgCNi of 10~40 parts by weight3, preferably 20~30 weight Part, more preferably 22~28 parts by weight.
In the present invention, the MgCNi3It can be in MgH during multiplicity reactivation2Surrounding in-situ preparation has inducing action Magnesium ni-mh compound and carbonizable substance with lubricating action, and then promote MgH2Hydrogen storage property.
In the present invention, with MgCNi3Parts by weight meter, the composite hydrogen storage material includes the MgH of 60~90 parts by weight2, Preferably 70~80 parts by weight, more preferably 72~78 parts by weight.
In the present invention, the MgCNi3And MgH2Independent preferably 100 mesh of < of granularity, more preferably 80 mesh of <, most Preferably 60 mesh of <.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the composite hydrogen storage material, include the following steps:
By the MgCNi3And MgH2Mixing carries out ball milling, obtains composite hydrogen storage material.
In the present invention, the mixing preferably carries out under an argon atmosphere;The present invention is not any to the mixed process Special restriction is mixed using mixed process well known to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, the ball milling preferably carries out under an argon atmosphere, and the pressure of the argon gas is preferably 0.05~ 0.15MPa, more preferably 0.08~0.12MPa, most preferably 0.09~0.11MPa.In the present invention, the argon gas is preferably High-purity argon (purity >=99.999%).
In the present invention, the ball material mass ratio of the ball milling is preferably (25~40):1, more preferably (28~35):1, most Preferably (30~32):1;The rotating speed of the ball milling is preferably 300~500r/min, more preferably 350~450r/min, optimal It is selected as 380~420r/min.
In the present invention, the time of the ball milling is preferably 5~20h, more preferably 8~15h, most preferably 10~12h.
In the present invention, the ball milling is preferably intermittent ball milling, the intermittent ball milling preferably per ball milling 10~ 20min, 10~20min of interval;More preferably per 12~18min of ball milling, 12~18min of interval;Most preferably per ball milling 14~ 16min, 14~16min of interval.
In the present invention, the ball milling preferably carries out ball milling in 6 planetary ball mills of Pulverisette;The ball The ball of mill is preferably stainless steel ball.
In the present invention, after the completion of the ball milling, mixed material is preferably cooled to room temperature by the present invention in ball grinder, is taken Sample, packaging.
The present invention any special restriction no to the cooling, it is cold using cooling procedure well known to those skilled in the art But to room temperature.
In the present invention, the sampling and packaging process carry out preferably in vacuum glove box;The packaging is preferably true Sky packs.
The present invention also provides the composite hydrogen storage material or the composite hydrogen storage materials being prepared by the preparation method Application in hydrogen storage field.
In the present invention, the hydrogen discharging temperature of the composite hydrogen storage material is preferably 200~330 DEG C, the composite hydrogen-storage material The suction hydrogen temperature of material is preferably 100~200 DEG C.
Composite hydrogen storage material provided by the invention and its preparation method and application is carried out with reference to embodiment detailed Illustrate, but they cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
By the MgH of 90 parts by weight2With the MgCNi of 10 parts by weight3It is mixed, and is transferred in ball grinder, used 6 planetary ball mills of Pulverisette carry out ball milling, and bead is stainless steel ball, and ball material mass ratio is 40:1, rotating speed is 500r/min, the high-purity argon gas for being filled with 0.1MPa carry out ball milling, and Ball-milling Time 5h waits for ball per ball milling 15min, interval 10min It is cooled to room temperature after mill, sampling carries out vacuum sealed package.
Hydrogen discharging performance is tested:In the glove box full of high-purity argon gas, composite for hydrogen storage made from 0.2g is taken to be put into P- Hydrogen discharging rate test is carried out among the coupon of C-T testers.Test results are shown in figure 1 for it, it can be seen that 330 DEG C At a temperature of, for composite for hydrogen storage in 10min, hydrogen desorption capacity is pure MgH23.55 times, hydrogen desorption capacity can reach 5.199wt.%.By This is as it can be seen that MgCNi provided by the invention3-MgH2Composite for hydrogen storage will be substantially better than in 330 DEG C of hydrogen discharging rate and be not added with MgCNi3MgH2
Embodiment 2
By the MgH of 80 parts by weight2With the MgCNi of 20 parts by weight3It is mixed, and is transferred in ball grinder, used 6 planetary ball mills of Pulverisette carry out ball milling, and bead is stainless steel ball, and ball material mass ratio is 30:1, rotating speed is 450r/min, the high-purity argon gas for being filled with 0.1MPa carry out ball milling, and Ball-milling Time 10h is waited for per ball milling 10min, interval 20min It is cooled to room temperature after ball milling, sampling carries out vacuum sealed package.
Hydrogen discharging performance is tested:In the glove box full of high-purity argon gas, composite for hydrogen storage made from 0.2g is taken to be put into P- Hydrogen discharging rate test is carried out among the coupon of C-T testers.Test results are shown in figure 2 for it, it can be seen that 320 DEG C At a temperature of, for composite for hydrogen storage in 20min, hydrogen desorption capacity is pure MgH228.8 times, hydrogen desorption capacity can reach 4.814wt.%.By This is as it can be seen that MgCNi provided by the invention3-MgH2Composite for hydrogen storage will be significantly better than in 320 DEG C of hydrogen discharging rate and be not added with MgCNi3MgH2
Embodiment 3
By the MgH of 70 parts by weight2With the MgCNi of 20 parts by weight3It is mixed, and is transferred in ball grinder, used 6 planetary ball mills of Pulverisette carry out ball milling, and bead is stainless steel ball, and ball material mass ratio is 25:1, rotating speed is 500r/min, the high-purity argon gas for being filled with 0.1MPa carry out ball milling, and Ball-milling Time 5h waits for ball per ball milling 15min, interval 20min It is cooled to room temperature after mill, sampling carries out vacuum sealed package.
Hydrogen discharging performance is tested:In the glove box full of high-purity argon gas, composite for hydrogen storage made from 0.2g is taken to be put into P- Hydrogen discharging rate test is carried out among the coupon of C-T testers.Test results are shown in figure 3 for it, it can be seen that 300 DEG C At a temperature of, for composite for hydrogen storage in 20min, hydrogen desorption capacity can reach 2.776wt.%, and pure MgH2Base at this temperature This not hydrogen release.It can be seen that MgCNi provided by the invention3-MgH2Composite for hydrogen storage effectively reduces MgH2Hydrogen release Temperature improves MgH2Hydrogen release ability.
Embodiment 4
By the MgH of 80 parts by weight2With the MgCNi of 20 parts by weight3It is mixed, and is transferred in ball grinder, used 6 planetary ball mills of Pulverisette carry out ball milling, and bead is stainless steel ball, and ball material mass ratio is 30:1, rotating speed is 450r/min, the high-purity argon gas for being filled with 0.1MPa carry out ball milling, and Ball-milling Time 10h is waited for per ball milling 20min, interval 20min It is cooled to room temperature after ball milling, sampling carries out vacuum sealed package.
Hydrogen sucking function is tested:In the glove box full of high-purity argon gas, composite for hydrogen storage made from 0.2g is taken to be put into P- Hydrogen-absorption speed test is carried out among the coupon of C-T testers.Test results are shown in figure 4 for it, it can be seen that 200 DEG C At a temperature of, for composite for hydrogen storage in 20min, hydrogen-sucking amount is pure MgH22.5 times, hydrogen-sucking amount can reach 5.10wt.%.Thus As it can be seen that MgCNi provided by the invention3-MgH2Composite for hydrogen storage can effectively inhale hydrogen under the conditions of 200 DEG C, it will be apparent that improve MgH2Hydrogen-absorbing ability.
Embodiment 5
By the MgH of 60 parts by weight2With the MgCNi of 40 parts by weight3It is mixed, and is transferred in ball grinder, used 6 planetary ball mills of Pulverisette carry out ball milling, and bead is stainless steel ball, and ball material mass ratio is 25:1, rotating speed is 300r/min, the high-purity argon gas for being filled with 0.1MPa carry out ball milling, and Ball-milling Time 20h is waited for per ball milling 15min, interval 15min It is cooled to room temperature after ball milling, sampling carries out vacuum sealed package.
Hydrogen sucking function is tested:In the glove box full of high-purity argon gas, composite for hydrogen storage made from 0.2g is taken to be put into P- Hydrogen-absorption speed test is carried out among the coupon of C-T testers.Test results are shown in figure 5 for it, it can be seen that 150 DEG C At a temperature of, for composite for hydrogen storage in 25min, hydrogen-sucking amount is pure MgH23.3 times, hydrogen-sucking amount can reach 3.588wt.%.By This is as it can be seen that MgCNi provided by the invention3-MgH2Composite for hydrogen storage can continue to inhale hydrogen under the conditions of 150 DEG C, it will be apparent that improve MgH2Hydrogen-absorbing ability.
Embodiment 6
By the MgH of 70 parts by weight2With the MgCNi of 30 parts by weight3It is mixed, and is transferred in ball grinder, used 6 planetary ball mills of Pulverisette carry out ball milling, and bead is stainless steel ball, and ball material mass ratio is 30:1, rotating speed is 450r/min, the high-purity argon gas for being filled with 0.1MPa carry out ball milling, and Ball-milling Time 10h is waited for per ball milling 15min, interval 15min It is cooled to room temperature after ball milling, sampling carries out vacuum sealed package.
Hydrogen sucking function is tested:In the glove box full of high-purity argon gas, composite for hydrogen storage made from 0.2g is taken to be put into P- Hydrogen-absorption speed test is carried out among the coupon of C-T testers.Test results are shown in figure 6 for it, it can be seen that 100 DEG C At a temperature of, for composite for hydrogen storage in 60min, hydrogen-sucking amount is the pure 3.631wt.% that can reach, and pure MgH2In this temperature Under do not inhale hydrogen substantially.It can be seen that MgCNi provided by the invention3-MgH2Composite for hydrogen storage still can under the conditions of 100 DEG C Hydrogen is persistently inhaled, compared with MgH2Hydrogen-absorbing ability have the raising of matter.
Embodiment 7
By the MgH of 90 parts by weight2With the MgCNi of 10 parts by weight3It is mixed, and is transferred in ball grinder, used 6 planetary ball mills of Pulverisette carry out ball milling, and bead is stainless steel ball, and ball material mass ratio is 30:1, rotating speed is 450r/min, the high-purity argon gas for being filled with 0.1MPa carry out ball milling, and Ball-milling Time 10h is waited for per ball milling 15min, interval 15min It is cooled to room temperature after ball milling, sampling carries out vacuum sealed package.
TPD performance tests:In the glove box full of high-purity argon gas, composite for hydrogen storage made from 0.2g is taken to be put into P-C- TPD rate tests are carried out among the coupon of T testers.Test results are shown in figure 7 for it, it can be seen that described in 200 DEG C Composite hydrogen storage material can start hydrogen release, hydrogen desorption capacity and pure MgH2Although compared to decreasing, hydrogen discharging temperature is originated Reduce 160 DEG C.
As seen from the above embodiment, under 300 DEG C of hydrogen discharging temperature, 20min is composite hydrogen storage material of the present invention The hydrogen desorption capacity that can reach 2.776wt%, according to TPD performance tests it is found that the composite hydrogen storage material can start at 200 DEG C Hydrogen release, purer MgH2Hydrogen discharging temperature reduce 160 DEG C, improve MgH2Hydrogen release ability.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of composite hydrogen storage material, by weight, including following components:
MgCNi310~40 parts by weight
MgH260~90 parts by weight.
2. composite hydrogen storage material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that by weight, including following components:
MgCNi320~30 parts by weight
MgH270~80 parts by weight.
3. the preparation method of composite hydrogen storage material described in claims 1 or 2, includes the following steps:
By MgCNi3And MgH2Mixing carries out ball milling, obtains composite hydrogen storage material.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the ball milling carries out in argon gas atmosphere, the argon gas Pressure be 0.05~0.15MPa.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the ball material mass ratio of the ball milling is (25~40):1, The rotating speed of the ball milling is 300~500r/min.
6. the preparation method as described in claim 3 or 5, which is characterized in that the time of the ball milling is 5~20h.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the ball milling is intermittent ball milling, the intermittent ball Mill is 10~20min of every ball milling, 10~20min of interval.
8. composite hydrogen storage material as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or claim 3~7 any one of them preparation method are prepared into To application of the composite hydrogen storage material in hydrogen storage field.
9. application as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the hydrogen discharging temperature of the composite hydrogen storage material is 200~330 ℃;The suction hydrogen temperature of the composite hydrogen storage material is 100~200 DEG C.
CN201810960442.9A 2018-08-22 2018-08-22 Composite hydrogen storage material and preparation method and application thereof Active CN108689384B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111533086A (en) * 2020-05-11 2020-08-14 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 Short-process preparation method for rapidly activating hydrogen storage alloy by using hydrogen-containing compound
CN111533086B (en) * 2020-05-11 2023-12-01 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 Short-flow preparation method for rapidly activating hydrogen storage alloy by utilizing hydrogen-containing compound

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