CN108685097B - 黄菇茑在抗衰老中的应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了黄菇茑在抗衰老中的应用,该应用是将黄菇茑果实、原浆或经处理加工的黄菇茑,直接制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂;或是将黄菇茑果实、原浆或经处理加工的黄菇茑,与其它原料或辅料一起使用,制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂,作为抗衰老剂用于饮食品、药物、药品、化妆品中。饮食品为认可的任何一种产品种类,包括普通食品、功能性食品等;药物或药品为认可的任何一种产品剂型,包括颗粒剂、片剂、冲剂、软胶丸、软胶囊、滴丸剂、软膏剂或注射剂等;化妆品为认可的任何一种产品形式,包括霜剂、乳剂、面膜剂等。有益效果为:本发明黄菇茑抗衰老效果较好,制得抗老化剂能够保持黄菇茑的营养成分,具有稳定体系、不易吸湿潮解的特点,货架期较长。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及黄菇茑在食品中的用途,尤其是涉及黄菇茑在抗衰老中的应用。
背景技术
生物学衰老进程是一个多维话题,生物体的机体衰老进程可以体现在正常的生物体生理机能和机体的组织、细胞、分子变化中,也可以体现在诸如骨质疏松、癌症等一系列生物体增龄相关疾病中。衰老进程受到遗传基因和外部环境因素影响,科学研究证明外界因素可以延缓生物体的机体衰老进程。
黄菇茑为茄科(Solanaceae)植物毛酸浆Physalis pubescens L.的果实,又称毛酸浆、甜菇茑、洋菇茑、菠萝果、金灯果,一年生草本植物,主要分布于我国东北地区,尤以黑龙江省产量最高,夏秋季节成熟,存储时间长。黄菇茑成熟后果实为橙黄色,剥去宿萼后可直接食用,味道酸甜,营养丰富,老少皆宜,是我国东北地区广受欢迎的时令水果。
黄菇茑含有丰富的维生素C、类胡萝素、钙、铁、硒等20多种矿物质和微量元素,含有18种人体所需氨基酸,占氨基酸总量的31%,其中天冬氨酸和亮氨酸的含量较髙,还含有丰富的糖类成分、甾醇类、生物碱、脂类和有机酸等,具有非常好的保健功能。黄菇茑中含有的酒石酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸等有机酸,使黄菇茑的浆果具有酸甜适口的独特风味,有增进食欲的作用。另外,黄菇茑的籽油中含有人体所必需的不饱和脂肪酸,黄菇茑籽油由亚油酸、油酸、十六烷酸和十八烷酸构成。黄菇茑果可入药,中医认为其性味酸平、入肺经,具有清热解毒、利尿止血的功效,是“酸浆止咳液”“金灯消炎灵”“红玉外伤膏”等中成药的原料之一。黄菇茑果中含有丰富的生物活性成分,如黄酮类、酸浆苦素类、类胡萝卜素、酸浆甾醇A和B等功能性成分,具有抑菌、抗肿瘤、缓解疲劳、消除肌肉疼痛、降血压、促进伤口愈合、预防动脉硬化和心血管疾病等作用。
目前,作为特色资源的黄菇茑备受人们的喜爱,已经应用黄菇茑为原料开发了系列食品,如饮品、果酒、果醋、果脯、果冻等,这些食品均是利用了黄菇茑的营养美味特点,深受大众消费者的青睐,具有巨大市场和广阔的发展前景。此外,还应用开发了黄菇茑抗氧化保健食品,并对黄菇茑的化学成分进行了初步研究。但目前人们仍完全不知晓黄菇茑在生物体抗衰老方面的作用,尤其是延缓或抵抗通过检测衰老相关生物标记物β-半乳糖苷酶活性评判的生物学衰老进程方面的作用。
斑马鱼作为新型模式动物的优势正在逐渐被人们所认识,斑马鱼的神经中枢***、内脏器官、血液以及视觉***,在基因水平上87%与人类同源,早期发育与人类极为相似,已成为研究相关疾病基因的最佳模式生物。在国际上,斑马鱼模式生物的使用正逐渐拓展和深入生命体的多种***(例如,神经***、心血管***、免疫***等)的发育、功能和疾病(例如,神经退行性疾病、遗传性心血管疾病、糖尿病等)的研究中,已成功用于小分子化合物的规模新药筛选并成功上市。国内外学者开展了诸多利用斑马鱼进行衰老生物学相关研究与抗衰老药效评价的研究,SA-β-Gal阳性率能较好地反应细胞群体或个体组织的老化速度,是反映衰老程度的重要生物学指标,被国内外广泛应用于抗衰老机制研究以及药效评价研究。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种黄菇茑在抗衰老中的应用,该应用是将黄菇茑果实、原浆或经处理加工的黄菇茑,制成具有稳定体系、不易吸湿潮解的黄菇茑抗衰老剂,可用于饮食品、药物、药品和化妆品中,满足有抗衰老人群的需求。
本发明针对上述技术中提到的问题,采取的技术方案为:
黄菇茑在抗衰老中的应用,将黄菇茑果实、原浆或经处理加工的黄菇茑,直接制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂;或是将黄菇茑果实、原浆或经处理加工的黄菇茑,与其它原料或辅料一起使用,制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂,作为抗衰老剂用于饮食品中。饮食品为认可的任何一种产品种类,包括普通食品、功能性食品等。
黄菇茑在抗衰老中的应用,将黄菇茑果实、原浆或经处理加工的黄菇茑,直接制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂;或是将黄菇茑果实、原浆或经处理加工的黄菇茑,与其它原料或辅料一起使用,制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂,作为抗衰老剂用于药物、药品中。药物或药品为认可的任何一种产品剂型,包括颗粒剂、片剂、冲剂、软胶丸、软胶囊、滴丸剂、软膏剂或注射剂等。
黄菇茑在抗衰老中的应用,将黄菇茑果实、原浆或经处理加工的黄菇茑,直接制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂;或是将黄菇茑果实、原浆或经处理加工的黄菇茑,与其它原料或辅料一起使用,制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂,作为抗衰老剂用于化妆品中。化妆品为认可的任何一种产品形式,包括霜剂、乳剂、面膜剂等。
作为优选,黄菇原浆抗衰老剂的成分及其重量份为:黄菇娘果实原浆1-5份、甘露醇0-1份、月季干细胞0-0.5份、枸杞子提取物0-1份、沙棘提取物0-1份。该抗衰老剂中各有效成分能够相互增益,可以减少氧化压力,提供营养或能量因子,维持细胞的还原状态,延缓衰老;具有很强的抗氧化能力,能除去生物体内自由基,还原过氧化氧和过氧化脂质,可以与膜脂双层分子结合保护细胞,免受细胞内外自由基损伤,能防治阻塞性动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、中风等衰老相关的疾病;能够抑制黑色素生成酶的活性,防止皮肤老化及色素沉着,改善皮肤抗氧化能力并使皮肤产生光泽,延缓皮肤衰老。
进一步优选,甘露醇中含有1.2-1.5%的左旋甘露醇,左旋甘露醇能够协同均质作用,使得黄菇茑中更多的可溶性糖类物质被释放,使得果汁中可溶性固形物含量上升,且能使果浆黏度网络结构受到破坏,使得颗粒与水结合的能力增强,提高黄菇娘果实原浆的悬浮稳定性,同时还能够提高果浆的玻璃化转变温度,使得维生素C等热敏性物质的反应降低,能够保持黄菇茑的营养成分,且使获得的黄菇茑抗衰老剂不易吸湿潮解,能够保持其水分,延长黄菇茑抗衰老剂的货架期。
作为优选,黄菇原浆抗衰老剂的制备方法为:
灭酶活:按料液比为1:1-2将洗净的黄菇茑果实在沸水中煮制5-15min,捞出后冷却至室温,得灭酶活的黄菇茑果实,备用,该步骤可破坏黄菇茑果实中的果胶酶和氧化酶的活性,抑制酶促褐变及果胶物质的降解,能够防止在有氧的情况下酚类物质氧化成醌类物质,再进一步形成黑色素和类黑素,具有护色的功能,并且能使黄菇茑果实组织软化,便于打浆处理;
打浆:将灭酶活的黄菇茑果实中加入黄菇茑果实重量0.023-0.028%的异麦芽酮糖醇和黄菇茑果实重量0.013-0.016%的赤藓糖醇,再用乳化细度2-50μm胶体磨研磨,然后加入甘露醇,在温度为40-50℃、压力为20-30MPa的条件下均质得到黄菇娘果实原浆,过滤,调节过滤液的固含浓度为0.125-0.25mg/mL,即为黄菇娘原浆,均质可对果肉中的脂肪、纤维、蛋白等大颗粒物质产生撞击、***和剪切力等作用,会使其颗粒直径减小,降低单颗粒的体积和质量,使颗粒分散,脂肪球被细化,解决了脂肪球悬浮和大颗粒物质絮凝下沉的问题,提高黄菇娘原浆的悬浮稳定性,使得到的抗衰老剂中的成分分布均匀,异麦芽酮糖醇和赤藓糖醇相互配合,可破坏果浆粘度网络结构,使得果浆颗粒与水结合的能力增强,降低果浆的粘度,提高抗衰老剂的稳定性;
抗衰老剂制备:按配方量将黄菇娘原浆、月季干细胞、枸杞子提取物、沙棘提取物,混合均匀,即得抗衰老剂,该抗衰老剂中各有效成分能够相互增益,可以通过激素、细胞因子和各种信号传递等调节和控制机体衰老过程中的代谢网络和细胞通讯网络,具有明显的抗衰老效果,同时具有明显的抗炎、生物抗氧化、降血脂、增强机体免疫力等药用保健功能,用于饮食品、药物、药品和化妆品中,能够满足有抗衰老人群的需求。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:1)本发明黄菇茑在抗衰老中的应用将黄菇茑果实、原浆或经处理加工的黄菇茑,制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂,作为抗衰老剂用于饮食品、药物、药品、化妆品中,能够满足有抗衰老人群的需求;2)该抗老化剂中各有效成分能够相互增益,可以通过激素、细胞因子和各种信号传递等调节和控制机体衰老过程中的代谢网络和细胞通讯网络,具有明显的抗衰老效果,同时具有明显的抗炎、生物抗氧化、降血脂、增强机体免疫力等药用保健功能;3)该抗老化剂能够保持黄菇茑的营养成分,具有稳定体系、不易吸湿潮解的特点,货架期较长。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例6斑马鱼SA-β-gal染色效果的采集图像。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明方案作进一步说明:
实施例1:
黄菇茑在抗衰老中的应用,将黄菇茑原浆与其它原料或辅料一起使用,制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂,作为抗衰老剂用于饮食品中。饮食品为认可的任何一种产品种类,包括普通食品、功能性食品等。
黄菇茑在抗衰老中的应用,将黄菇茑原浆与其它原料或辅料一起使用,制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂,作为抗衰老剂用于药物、药品中。药物或药品为认可的任何一种产品剂型,包括颗粒剂、片剂、冲剂、软胶丸、软胶囊、滴丸剂、软膏剂或注射剂等。
黄菇茑在抗衰老中的应用,将黄菇茑原浆与其它原料或辅料一起使用,制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂,作为抗衰老剂用于化妆品中。化妆品为认可的任何一种产品形式,包括霜剂、乳剂、面膜剂等。
上述黄菇原浆抗衰老剂的成分及其重量份为:黄菇娘果实原浆5份、甘露醇1份、月季干细胞0.4份、枸杞子提取物0.2份、沙棘提取物0.8份。该抗衰老剂中各有效成分能够相互增益,可以减少氧化压力,提供营养或能量因子,维持细胞的还原状态,延缓衰老;具有很强的抗氧化能力,能除去生物体内自由基,还原过氧化氧和过氧化脂质,可以与膜脂双层分子结合保护细胞,免受细胞内外自由基损伤,能防治阻塞性动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、中风等衰老相关的疾病;能够抑制黑色素生成酶的活性,防止皮肤老化及色素沉着,改善皮肤抗氧化能力并使皮肤产生光泽,延缓皮肤衰老。
上述甘露醇中含有1.2%的左旋甘露醇,左旋甘露醇能够协同均质作用,使得黄菇茑中更多的可溶性糖类物质被释放,使得果汁中可溶性固形物含量上升,且能使果浆黏度网络结构受到破坏,使得颗粒与水结合的能力增强,提高黄菇娘果实原浆的悬浮稳定性,同时还能够提高果浆的玻璃化转变温度,使得维生素C等热敏性物质的反应降低,能够保持黄菇茑的营养成分,且使获得的黄菇茑抗衰老剂不易吸湿潮解,能够保持其水分,延长黄菇茑抗衰老剂的货架期。
作为优选,黄菇原浆抗衰老剂的制备方法为:
1)灭酶活:按料液比为1:1将洗净的黄菇茑果实在沸水中煮制15min,捞出后冷却至室温,得灭酶活的黄菇茑果实,备用,该步骤可破坏黄菇茑果实中的果胶酶和氧化酶的活性,抑制酶促褐变及果胶物质的降解,能够防止在有氧的情况下酚类物质氧化成醌类物质,再进一步形成黑色素和类黑素,具有护色的功能,并且能使黄菇茑果实组织软化,便于打浆处理;
2)打浆:将灭酶活的黄菇茑果实中加入黄菇茑果实重量0.023%的异麦芽酮糖醇和黄菇茑果实重量0.016%的赤藓糖醇,再用乳化细度2-50μm胶体磨研磨,然后加入甘露醇,在温度为40℃、压力为30MPa的条件下均质得到黄菇娘果实原浆,过滤,调节过滤液的固含浓度为0.125mg/mL,即为黄菇娘原浆,均质可对果肉中的脂肪、纤维、蛋白等大颗粒物质产生撞击、***和剪切力等作用,会使其颗粒直径减小,降低单颗粒的体积和质量,使颗粒分散,脂肪球被细化,解决了脂肪球悬浮和大颗粒物质絮凝下沉的问题,提高黄菇娘果实原浆的悬浮稳定性,使得到的黄菇茑冻干果芯中的成分分布均匀,异麦芽酮糖醇和赤藓糖醇相互配合,可破坏果浆粘度网络结构,使得果浆颗粒与水结合的能力增强,降低果浆的粘度,提高果浆体系的稳定性;
3)抗衰老剂制备:按配方量将黄菇娘原浆、月季干细胞、枸杞子提取物、沙棘提取物,混合均匀,即得抗衰老剂,该抗衰老剂中各有效成分能够相互增益,可以通过激素、细胞因子和各种信号传递等调节和控制机体衰老过程中的代谢网络和细胞通讯网络,具有明显的抗衰老效果,同时具有明显的抗炎、生物抗氧化、降血脂、增强机体免疫力等药用保健功能,用于饮食品、药物、药品和化妆品中,能够满足有抗衰老人群的需求。
实施例2:
黄菇茑在抗衰老中的应用,将黄菇茑原浆制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂,作为抗衰老剂用于饮食品、药物、药品和化妆品中。
上述黄菇原浆抗衰老剂的成分及其重量份为:黄菇娘果实原浆。
上述黄菇原浆抗衰老剂的制备方法为:
1)灭酶活:按料液比为1:1.5将洗净的黄菇茑果实在沸水中煮制10min,捞出后冷却至室温,得灭酶活的黄菇茑果实,备用;
2)打浆:将灭酶活的黄菇茑果实中加入黄菇茑果实重量0.025%的异麦芽酮糖醇和黄菇茑果实重量0.015%的赤藓糖醇,再用乳化细度2-50μm胶体磨研磨,然后加入甘露醇,在温度为45℃、压力为25MPa的条件下均质得到黄菇娘果实原浆,过滤,调节过滤液的固含浓度为0.15mg/mL,即为黄菇娘原浆抗衰老剂。
实施例3:
黄菇茑在抗衰老中的应用,将黄菇茑原浆与其它原料或辅料一起使用,制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂,作为抗衰老剂用于饮食品、药物、药品和化妆品中。
上述黄菇原浆抗衰老剂的成分及其重量份为:黄菇娘果实原浆3份、甘露醇0.3份、月季干细胞0.2份、枸杞子提取物0.5份、沙棘提取物0.5份。上述甘露醇中含有1.4%的左旋甘露醇。
黄菇原浆抗衰老剂的制备方法为:
1)灭酶活:按料液比为1:1.5将洗净的黄菇茑果实在沸水中煮制10min,捞出后冷却至室温,得灭酶活的黄菇茑果实,备用;
2)打浆:将灭酶活的黄菇茑果实中加入黄菇茑果实重量0.025%的异麦芽酮糖醇和黄菇茑果实重量0.015%的赤藓糖醇,再用乳化细度2-50μm胶体磨研磨,然后加入甘露醇,在温度为45℃、压力为25MPa的条件下均质得到黄菇娘果实原浆,过滤,调节过滤液的固含浓度为0.15mg/mL,即为黄菇娘原浆;
3)抗衰老剂制备:按配方量将黄菇娘原浆、月季干细胞、枸杞子提取物、沙棘提取物,混合均匀,即得抗衰老剂。
实施例4:
黄菇茑在抗衰老中的应用,将黄菇茑果实,直接制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂,作为抗衰老剂用于饮食品中。
上述黄菇茑果实抗衰老剂的成分及其重量份为:黄菇娘果实。
上述黄菇茑果实抗衰老剂的制备方法为:
步骤1:按料液比为1:1.5将洗净的黄菇茑果实在沸水中煮制10min,捞出后冷却至室温,得灭酶活的黄菇茑果实,备用,该步骤可破坏黄菇茑果实中的果胶酶和氧化酶的活性,抑制酶促褐变及果胶物质的降解,能够防止在有氧的情况下酚类物质氧化成醌类物质,再进一步形成黑色素和类黑素,具有护色的功能;
步骤2:将黄菇茑果实去皮,平铺于冷冻盘中,然后在-50℃的条件下预冻5h,再抽真空至真空度为65Pa,然后在温度升温速率为5℃/h下升温至20℃,干燥5h,得黄菇娘果实抗衰老剂。该步骤冷冻真空干燥后得到的黄菇娘果实抗衰老剂的含水量低,能够保持黄菇茑颜色、果香味和维生素C等营养成分物质,抑制微生物的生长和酶的作用,且使得易氧化物质得到保护。
实施例5:
黄菇茑在抗衰老中的应用,将经处理加工的黄菇茑,直接制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂,作为抗衰老剂用于饮食品中。
上述抗衰老剂的成分及其重量份为:经处理加工的黄菇茑。
上述抗衰老剂的制备方法为:
1)灭酶活:按料液比为1:1.5将洗净的黄菇茑果实在沸水中煮制10min,捞出后冷却至室温,得灭酶活的黄菇茑果实,备用;
2)打浆:将灭酶活的黄菇茑果实中加入黄菇茑果实重量0.025%的异麦芽酮糖醇和黄菇茑果实重量0.015%的赤藓糖醇,再用乳化细度2-50μm胶体磨研磨,然后加入甘露醇,在温度为45℃、压力为25MPa的条件下均质得到黄菇娘果实原浆,过滤,将滤液置于冷冻盘中,然后置于真空度为1.2mbar、温度为-50℃的真空冷冻干燥机中进行真空冷冻干燥,即得黄菇娘原浆冻干粉抗衰老剂。
实施例6:
黄菇娘的抗衰老性能测试:
试验组给药溶液为:试验组A为实施例2抗衰老剂、试验组B为实施例2抗衰老剂7倍稀释、试验组C为实施例2抗衰老剂9倍稀释、试验组D为实施例2抗衰老剂11倍稀释;E空白组给药溶液为:蒸馏水。
斑马鱼SA-β-gal染色实验:
将实施例2抗衰老剂用蒸馏水按倍数依次稀释,进行斑马鱼实验动物样本繁育、各组别分别给药以及SA-β-gal染色实验。
黄菇娘的抗衰老性能测试:将试验组或空白组斑马鱼,SA-β-gal染色后,用显微镜对其捕获采集图像,所有的图像均统一采用相同拍摄参数包括,***、放大倍数、光强度、吸收度和曝光设置(每个样品分别5ms、15ms、30ms曝光,拍摄三张图片)等,斑马鱼SA-β-gal染色效果的采集图像如图1所示,显微成像表明,试验组分别用不同浓度抗衰老剂处理后,与空白对照组相比,斑马鱼SA-β-gal染色阳性率肉眼可见降低。
以确保可比性,然后采用图像分析软Image Pro Plus,分别获取侧位鱼体面积值(S)和染色积分光密度值(IOD),计算二者比值IOD/S,结果如表1所示。
表1 抗衰老剂不同浓度处理斑马鱼,SA-β-gal染色效果的IOD/S结果
由表1可知,试验组与空白组相比,SA-β-gal染色阳性率低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。说明在适当比例浓度下,抗衰老剂可以使斑马鱼SA-β-gal染色的染色阳性率降低,抗衰老剂可以有效干预斑马鱼胚胎发育细胞的衰老,延缓斑马鱼衰老进程,由此证明黄菇茑具抗衰老作用。
本发明的操作步骤中的常规操作为本领域技术人员所熟知,在此不进行赘述。
以上所述的实施例对本发明的技术方案进行了详细说明,应理解的是以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例,并不用于限制本发明,凡在本发明的原则范围内所做的任何修改、补充或类似方式替代等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.黄菇茑在制备抗衰老产品中的应用,其特征在于:将黄菇茑原浆、或经处理加工的黄菇茑,制成黄菇茑抗衰老剂,作为抗衰老剂用于饮食品中;
所述黄菇茑原浆的制备方法为:1)灭酶活:按料液比为1:1-2将洗净的黄菇茑果实在沸水中煮制5-15min,捞出后冷却至室温,得灭酶活的黄菇茑果实,备用;2)打浆:将灭酶活的黄菇茑果实中加入黄菇茑果实重量的0.023-0.028%的异麦芽酮糖醇和黄菇茑果实重量的0.013-0.016%的赤藓糖醇,再用乳化细度2-50μm胶体磨研磨,然后加入甘露醇,所述甘露醇中含有1.2-1.5%的左旋甘露醇,在温度为40-50℃、压力为20-30MPa的条件下均质得到黄菇娘果实原浆,过滤,调节过滤液的固含为0.125-0.25mg/mL,即为黄菇娘原浆;
所述经处理加工的黄菇茑的制备方法为:将上述黄菇茑原浆过滤,滤液真空冷冻干燥,即得经处理加工的黄菇茑。
2.根据权利要求1所述的黄菇茑在制备抗衰老产品中的应用,其特征在于:所述应用是将黄菇茑抗衰老剂用于药物、药品中。
3.根据权利要求1所述的黄菇茑在制备抗衰老产品中的应用,其特征在于:所述应用是将黄菇茑抗衰老剂用于化妆品中。
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